International Trade and Foreign Aviation Investment
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JoshuaMebane3.3CriticalThinkingPresentation.pptx
How Leaders Utilize Motivational Theories and Influencing Tactics
Joshua Mebane
College of Aeronautics, Embry Riddle Aeronautical University
MGMT 371 Leadership
Dr. Sheppard J. Instructor
April 11 , 2021
Content Motivational Theories
Content Motivation theories helps understand individual wants and needs which can be very beneficial to organizations in a variety of ways (Lussier and Achua, 2018). Having the right understanding of these types of motivational theories and knowing how to implement the right ones can improve an organization’s revenue, increase their productivity, and increase their customer and employee satisfaction (Cãruntu and Cãruntu, 2012). There are three different types of content motivational theories which are hierarchy of needs theory, two-factor theory, and acquired needs theory (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
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Content Motivation Theories provide understanding for individual wants and needs (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Can improve an organization revenue, increase their productivity, and increase their customer and employee satisfaction (Cãruntu and Cãruntu, 2012).
Heirarcy of Needs Theory, Two-factor Theory, and Acquired Need Theory (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Effectively Implementing Content Motivation Theories
Jeff Bezos CEO of Amazon seems to benefit from the content motivation theory known as hierarchy of needs.
Hierarchy of needs theory emphasis the concept that individuals’ needs are place or categorized in order of importance (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Jeff Bezos and Amazon tend to utilize the hierarchy needy theory specifically focusing in on self actualization (Qureshi, n.d.).
Self actualization emphasizes employee innovation and achievement which amazon is well known for.
Self actualization relates to process and reinforcement theories through the form of rewards and consequences. (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
One well known leader in today's society who has benefited from content motivation theories is the CEO of amazon Jeff Bezos. Jeff Bezos’ organization has seemed to have found success by applying and exploiting the hierarchy of needs theory.
Hierarchy of needs theory was established in the 1940’s by American psychologist Abraham Maslow. This theory discusses how individual’s needs are place in order of importance which are broken down into five categories or classifications. Jeff Bezos and his organization Amazon are able to utilize hierarchy of needs theory by mainly focusing on self actualization needs (Qureshi, n.d.). Self actualization needs focuses on employee innovation and achievement which Amazon is well known for. Self actualization also relates to process and reinforcement theories because process theory focuses on employee achievement through the form of rewards while reinforcement theories focuses on employee achievement by offering desired consequences. It is also important to know that each one of the major three motivation theories address different question however, they all are involved in the same feedback loop (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
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My Current Role within My Organization
Logistician specialist for Naval Air Systems Command
Responsible for getting the right part to the right place at the right price and the right time.
Obsolesces and Counterfeit Parts.
My current role within the Naval Air Systems Command is a supply support logistician I am responsible for ensuring that the weapons systems parts get deliver to the end user for the right cost in the right quantity at the right time. I am also responsible for tracking and mitigating obsolesce issues to ensure that whenever spare components do get deliver to the end users, they will be able to be supported and sustainable in the long run.
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Expectancy Theory
Expectancy Theory is one of the process motivation theories. The expectancy theory happens to tie into my daily and current role within my organization because I understand the importance of my job. Ensuring that the right spare parts get to our United States Naval fleet and effectively supporting each aircraft and weapon system provides my team with enough motivation to accomplish our daily task. I am also motivated to accomplish these task because if I perform well enough this could lead to certain rewards like bonuses or other pay incentives. Expectancy theory focuses on the rewards individuals get when they accomplish a task (Lussier and Achua, 2018)
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Expectancy Theory is one of the process motivation theories. Focuses on the rewards individuals get when they accomplish a task (Lussier and Achua, 2018)
Ensuring that spares part get to our United States Naval fleet and effectively supporting each system motivates my team to accomplish task.
Motivated by rewards like bonuses and other pay incentives.
Types of Influencing Tactics
The types of influencing tactics
Consultation
Ingratiation
Rational Persuasion
Inspirational appeals
Coalition
Legitimization
Pressure
Exchange
Personal appeals (Lussier and Achua, 2018)
Jeff Bezos seems to utilize the most is inspirational appeals.
Encourages his followers through their emotions (Noddy, 2019).
The least influencing tactic Jeff Bezos uses is Exchange influencing tactic.
Does not seem to utilize rewards as an incentive to influence his followers.
When it comes to the topic of influencing tactics there are several which are Consultation, Ingratiation, Rational Persuasion, Inspirational appeals, Coalition, Legitimization, Pressure, Exchange, Personal appeals. Each one of these influencing tactics fall under the seven types of power (Lussier and Achua, 2018). Out of all these influencing tactics the one that Jeff Bezos seems to utilize the most is inspirational appeals. Jeff Bezos is known to an inspirational leader that influences and encourages his followers through their emotions (Noddy, 2019). The least influencing tactic Jeff Bezos seems to utilize is exchange influencing tactics. Although Jeff Bezos does seem to reward his employees this does not seem to be an influencing tactic he uses often.
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Improving Influencing Tactics
Exchange Influencing tactic
Increase productivity because reward provide incentives to work (Nelson, 2019)
To increase exchange influencing tactic you must identify what your employees' value and reward them for accomplishing task
Coalition Influencing Tactic
Provides more opportunity
To Increase coalition influence you most increase publicity (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
If I were Jeff Bezos the two influencing tactics that I would try to improve would be exchange influencing tactic and coalition influencing tactics. Improving exchange influence can increase productivity because rewarding employees provides them more of an incentive to work (Nelson, 2019). Increasing or improving coalition influencing tactics can provide more opportunities. To increase coalition influence you must increase your publicity and expand your employees value and reward them for accomplishing certain task (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
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Political Skills and behavior
Politics within an organization is simply obtaining and utilizing power (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Political Behavior
Networking
Reciprocity
Coalition
Politics within an organization is simply obtaining and utilizes power (Lussier and Achua, 2018). Politics plays a major part because it can determine the success of an organization especially when it pertains to politician behavior. There are three different types of political behavior which are networking, reciprocity, and coalitions (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
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Ineffective leaders and political behavior
CEO of Volkswagen Martin Winterkorn well-known for Volkswagen scandal (Fielkow, 2015).
Reciprocity is creating goals and forming alliances to accomplish task or goals (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Winterkorn sets goals to become the biggest auto company and was able to accomplish this by the alliances he formed (Hakim et al., 2015).
The ineffective leader that I selected was the former CEO of Volkswagen Martin Winterkorn who became well known from the scandal Volkswagen encountered (Fielkow, 2015).. When it comes to Winterkorn’s political behavior I believe the one he tends to display the most is reciprocity. Reciprocity is simple creating goals and forming alliances to accomplish these task or goals (Lussier and Achua, 2018). Winterkorn was a leader who set goals and obligations to be the biggest auto company and he was able to accomplish this goal with the help of numerous alliances (Hakim et al., 2015).
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Legitimate Power
Legitimate power is just as the name implies power that is given legitimately due to an individual's position (Lussier and Achua, 2018). This type of power is not always necessarily earned but instead is given to an individual. If we examine Jeff Bezos, we can see how he employs this type of power. Due to the fact that he is the CEO of his organization he possess all the authority to influence individuals. Although, this is not the power he always uses or needs to use within his organization (Murphy, 2017).
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Legitimate Power is power that is given legitimately due to an individual’s position (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Jeff Bezos employs this type of power because he is the CEO of Amazon and posses all the authority.
Reward power
Reward Power is similar to legitimate power however, influences individual through rewards and incentives (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Jeff Bezos use reward power
Amazon stated that they would dedicate 500 million dollars for employee bonuses (Rueter, 2020).
Reward Power happens to be similar to legitimate power however, as the name states reward power focuses mainly on influencing employees through the rewards and incentives (Lussier and Achua, 2018). As I stated earlier although it may not be utilized as much as the other sources of power Jeff Bezos still use reward power. A great example of this is when Amazon stated they would dedicate 500 million dollars towards employee bonuses (Rueter, 2020).
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Benefits of Using Influence
Power, politics, political behavior, and negotiating all possess the ability to influence individuals.
Manager’s use influence because it boost employee performance and motivates the workforce to accomplish task (Granite State College, n.d.).
To ensure a leader's influence is ethical they should avoid their own self interest and address other unethical behavior (Lussier and Achua, 2018)
Each form of power, politics, political behavior and negotiating possess the ability to influence individuals and any good leader or manager tends to see the value these different types of influences can have on an organization. Managers tends to use influence within an organization to boost employee performance and motivate the workforce to accomplish task (Granite State College, n.d.). The biggest aspect a manger must consider when influencing is to ensure it is ethical. Within my organization managers can shift their mindsets and avoid influencing others for their own self interest since this tends to be unethical. Managers can also hold others accountable for unethical behavior which can help promote a more ethical workplace (Lussier and Achua, 2018)
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Power and Politics
Power and politics are both useful influential tools that managers and follower can utilize ethically or unethically (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
Power and politics are both useful influential tools that managers and follower can utilize ethically or unethically (Lussier and Achua, 2018).
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References
CĂRUNTU, C., & CĂRUNTU, A. (2012, November 16). THE IMPORTANCE OF MOTIVATION THEORIES IN DELIVERING THE PROMISED SERVICES TO CUSTOMERS [PDF].
Fielkow, B. (2015, September 30). What we can learn from VOLKSWAGEN'S scandal and the legacy of a leader. Retrieved April 10, 2021, from https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/251137
Hakim, D., Kessler, A., & Ewing, J. (2015, September 26). As Volkswagen pushed to be No. 1, AMBITIONS fueled a scandal. Retrieved April 10, 2021, from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/27/business/as-vw-pushed-to-be-no-1-ambitions-fueled-a-scandal.html
Lussier, R. N., & Achua, C. F. (2018). Leadership Theory, Application, & Skill Development (6th edition) Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Murphy, M. (2017, March 19). You need to know the 7 types of power if you want to succeed. Retrieved April 8, 2021, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/markmurphy/2017/03/19/you-need-to-know-the-7-types-of-power-if-you-want-to-succeed/?sh=5583b864536d
Nelson., E. (2019, July 18). 10 ways to increase employee productivity with rewards and recognition. Retrieved April 10, 2021, from https://www.fond.co/blog/increase-employee-productivity/#:~:text=Rewarding%20an%20employee%20for%20a,and%20to%20be%20more%20productive.&text=Additionally%2C%2040%25%20of%20Americans%20also,they%20were%20recognized%20more%20often.
Noddy. (2019, September 18). Jeff Bezos's leadership style and the culture within amazon. Retrieved April 9, 2021, from https://penneddownbynoddy.medium.com/jeff-bezoss-leadership-style-and-the-culture-within-amazon-e960d1efc6e9
Power and influence. (n.d.). Retrieved April 08, 2021, from https://granite.pressbooks.pub/ld820/chapter/4/
Qureshi, J. (n.d.). Lessons from the interesting success story of amazon –. Retrieved April 8, 2021, from https://www.cxservice360.com/lessons-from-the-interesting-success-story-of-amazon-2/
Rueter Senior Editor, T. (2020, June 29). Amazon offers $500M worth of employee bonuses. Retrieved April 9, 2021, from https://progressivegrocer.com/amazon-offers-500m-worth-employee-bonuses
