Lesson 2: Software Basics and Data and Databases/ Organizational Dynamism
School of Computer & Information Sciences
ITS-631 Operational Excellence
Chapter 4 – Information Systems for Business and Beyond (2019)
Content from:
Primary Textbook: Jamsa, K. A. (2013). Cloud computing: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, virtualization, business models, mobile, security and more. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Secondary Textbook: Erl, T., Mahmood, Z., & Puttini, R. (2014). Cloud computing: concepts, technology, & architecture. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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Learning Objectives
Describe the differences between data, information, and knowledge;
Describe why database technology must be used for data resource management;
Define the term database and identify the steps to creating one;
Describe the role of a database management system;
Describe the characteristics of a data warehouse; and
Define data mining and describe its role in an organization.
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Data, Information, Knowledge, Wisdom
These terms are used interchangeably but are different.
Data- raw facts
Information- processed data
Knowledge- relationships among facts/concepts
Explicit –can be expressed into words
Tacit – difficult to transfer via simple communication
Wisdom – combines knowledge and experience to obtain a deeper understanding of a topic.
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Data and Databases
Big Data
Large sets of data in which you need to determine the best methods to manage the data
Databases
Place that houses data
Common defects of data resource management
No control of redundant data
Violation of data integrity
Relying on human memory to store and search needed data
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Data Models and Relational Databases
Databases can be organized in many different ways
Relational database
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Designing a Database
Tables
The information to be built
Primary Key
The unique identifier to link data together in the tables
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Normalization and Data Types
Normalization
Reduces data redundancy
Ensures data integrity
Data Types
Text
Number
Boolean
Date/Time
Currency
Paragraph Text
Object
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Database Management Systems
DBMS provide an interface to view and change the design of the database
Databases must be used by multiple users to be effective
Microsoft Access and Open Office Base = examples of personal database-management systems
Structured Query Language (SQL)- the method to work with structured databases
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Value in Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management
Data Visualization
Data Warehouses
Data Mining and Machine Learning
Don’t forget about privacy and security concerns when dealing with data
Knowledge Management
Companies accumulate knowledge and need a method of extracting the data to make informed decisions.
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References
Bourgeous, D., Smith, J., Wang. S., Mortati, J. (2019). Information Systems for Business and Beyond. Retrieved from https://opentextbook.site/informationsystems2019/.
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