physical security
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ISOL634-WK6-PhysicalBarriers-Lesson6-Audio.pptxITSOL 634 – Physical Security
Chapter 6
Chapter 6 – Physical Barriers
Electronics Elements
Instructor – Dr. Okey Igbonagwam
1
Alarm / Access Control Systems
A part to Physical Barriers include the alarm and access control systems, and basic elements of most current systems would start by:
Devices identification – like card/key/barcode/radio frequency identification readers
Common Card Types – include the following:
Magnetic stripe – has a magnetic band laminated to the back.
Wiegand wire – named after John R. Wiegand, the investor – the effect occurs when a specially made wire is moved past a magnetic field, causing it to emit a very fast magnetic pulse in response to the magnetic field
Alarm / Access Control Systems – Contd.
Passive proximity – contactless technology to the card without inserting it into a reader device
Active proximity – another contactless technology referred to as vicinity card, powered by an internal lithium battery, has greater range, up to 2 meters or 6 ft.
Implantable proximity - proximity-based access control for implantable Security devices
Smart cards (both touch and touchless) – grant access and identification visual evidence that the bearer is authorized to be in the area.
Alarm / Access Control Systems – Contd.
The following are increasing some of rare types:
Barcode – cards use any of several barcode schemes with conventional series of lines of varying thicknesses. Available in visible and infrared types.
Barium ferrite – based on a magnetic material similar to that used in magnetic signs and refrigerator magnets.
Hollerith – based on a series of punched holes
Rare-earth magnet – An extremely rare type of access credential is the rare-earth key
Door and Gate Operators
Door and gate protective barriers are mechanical devices with automate open and close, gates in some cases respond to a command
Door operators are often used with magnetic locks such that the access control system may both unlock and then open a door.
Gate operators that are electrically locked must also be interfaced to function correctly
Chapter 6 Physical Barriers – Electronics Elements
Doors can be revolving and electronic turnstiles. Revolving can be equipped with a special operator that will allow only one person at a time. Below types of doors:
Personnel Doors
Retrofit Upgrading of Existing Doors
Door Frames
Hinge Vulnerability and Common Countermeasures
Door and Frame Interlocking
Hinges Appropriate for Door Weight
Vehicle Doors
Vault Doors
Strong Room Doors
Emergency Doors
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Chapter 6 Physical Barriers – Summary.
Basic alarm – access control systems include identification devices
( card readers, keypads, and biometric systems)
The keypads can be simple or complex – the most advanced of
which Scrambles the numbers for each use and limits the
view of adjacent users
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