EthnoBiology
MIMI206
IntroductiontoEthnobiology.pptxIntroduction to Ethnobiology
By Pah-tu Pitt (Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs member)
T EGL 365 Indigenous Ethnobiology
Mask by Sean Gallagher (Inupiat)
Tradeways and relationships associated Nchiwana or the Big River, Columbia River
Extension of interTribal trade, Medium for trade, storage, representing familial ties. storytelling it could be the main character, the theyro, or a villain, which can be tensions, like the legacy of white supremacy.
Living with the seasons, climate change, access changes, ecosystem management, bias toward Native People, extraction, reclaiming the narrative, homebase. As a result of history, our economies are now modeled after the colonial economics of globalized capitalism, a system based on large scale resource extraction, privatization, and commodification of the beings that give us life. https://ndncollective.org/rebuilding-indigenous-economies-and-remembering-how-to-creatively-thrive%EF%BB%BF/
Traditional Homelands
Native Trade networks
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Celilo Falls
CRITFC
Largest center for trade i n North America
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Settler colonialism is different from other forms of colonialism in that settlers come with
the intention of making a new home on the land, a homemaking that insists on settler sovereignty
over all things in their new domain. (Tuck and Yang 2012)
The settler is making a new "home" and that home is rooted in a homesteading worldview where the wild land and wild people were made for his benefit. He can only make his identity as a settler by making the land produce, and produce excessively, because "civilization" is defined
The Decolonizing Institutions Authors
Note that: “Ethnobiology, like many fields, was shaped by early Western imperial efforts to colonize people and lands around the world and extract natural resources. “
Call for challenging “colonization, racism, an oppressive structures within institutions, and among researchers”
They encourage research questions that support Tribal Sovereignty, local communities, with self- reflection on engagement
The following are visuals and notes are from their works which are a part of week one readings, unless otherwise noted
Some helpful terms, please note definitions vary
Self-Determination-The right to govern own affairs without outside interference
Tribal Sovereignty, “ right to govern themselves. The U.S. Constitution recognizes Indian tribes as distinct governments and they have, with a few exceptions, the same powers as federal and state governments to regulate their internal affairs. Sovereignty for tribes includes the right to establish their own form of government, determine membership requirements, enact legislation and establish law enforcement and court systems.
“Treaties are legally binding contracts between sovereign nations that establish those nations’ political and property relations. Article Six of the United States Constitution holds that treaties ‘are the supreme law of the land.’” CRITFC
Treaties include responsibilities on both sides
https://www.wernative.org/ask-auntie-questions/self-determination
https://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/quad-caucus/an-issue-of-sovereignty.aspx
Ethnobiology
Definition: “Ethnobiology is the study of the biological knowledge of particular ethnic groups—cultural
knowledge about plants and animals and their interrelationships,” (Anderson et al., 2011 pg.1).
-Interdisciplinary Field
-the real differences between cultures (Ellen 1993) and the strong influence of utilitarian reality on systems (Hunn 1982, 2011) shows that science, whether folk or contemporary, is indeed a cultural construction,” (Anderson et al., 2011 pg.4)
https://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/quad-caucus/an-issue-of-sovereignty.aspx
https://www.ncsl.org/legislators-staff/legislators/quad-caucus/an-issue-of-sovereignty.aspx
Traditional Ecological Knowledge
“Traditional Ecological Knowledge, also called by other names including Indigenous Knowledge or Native Science, (hereafter, TEK) refers to the evolving knowledge acquired by indigenous and local peoples over hundreds or thousands of years through direct contact with the environment.
This knowledge is specific to a location and includes the relationships between plants, animals, natural phenomena, landscapes and timing of events that are used for lifeways, including but not limited to hunting, fishing, trapping, agriculture, and forestry.”
USFWS (2021)
EthnoEcology contribution to Ethnobiology
“Ecology provides two important principles for the development of an integrating approach
to ethnobiology, the concept of the ecosystem, and the biological population as a quantifying
variable in ecological models,” (Anderson et al.,2011, pg 19).
Going beyond cataloguing plants to include information like chemical compounds and spiritual meaning
Greater understanding of harm that local populations face and right to safety
Desire to better understand Indigenous Management
(Anderson et al.,2011).
Ethnobotany is plant relationships with people a sub discipline of Ethnobiology
“...as practitioners entered it with different training and interests. Studies about
basketry, textiles (Safford 1914), dyes, medicines (Smith 1929), hallucinogens, especially
peyote (La Barre 1970), and food plants (Waugh 1914; Yanovsky 1936) appeared. These
were topics of anthropological interest. (Anderson et al.,2011, pg 17)
Now includes production probably in relation to gdp
Nomenclature
Increased expectation for ethical frameworks
Walrus mask by Sean Gallagher (Inupiat)
Ethnozoology
definition:...” the study of the past and present interrelationships between cultures
and the animals in their environment,” (Anderson et al.,2011, pg 17). It is a sub discipline of Ethnobiology
“Zooarchaeology employs the techniques used by morphological zoologists, compa-
rative anatomical studies, and DNA analyses,” (Anderson et al.,2011, pg 18).
Consider the phase that your sources are operating from
McAlvay, A. C., Armstrong, C. G., Baker, J., Elk, L. B., Bosco, S., Hanazaki, N., ... & Vandebroek, I. (2021). Ethnobiology phase VI: Decolonizing institutions, projects, and scholarship. Journal of Ethnobiology, 41(2), 170-191.
Consider these actions as you create your essay. For instance you might note commentary on how these actions are described in your sources (McAlvay et al., 2021)
(McAlvay et al., 2021)
Consider these as you engage with Ethnobiology. What are some other ways you might take action? (McAlvay et al., 2021)
