Content Sequencing, Instructional Strategies, and Message Brainstorm

Instructional Objectives, Assessments and Evaluation of Needs Analysis

Taya Hervey-McNutt

EDU: 533 Instructional Design & Development

Professor Nguyen

November 28, 2021

Instructional Objectives, Assessments and Evaluation of Needs Analysis

Instructional objectives

Trainees should be able to:

● Identify factors that contribute to the existing differences amongst students

● Contribute meaningfully to discussions on how to harmoniously cope with learners

diversity and articulate their insights on the same

● Formulate with ease the various instructional methods of teaching and learning that cuts

across the needs and characteristics of learners

Measures that evaluate each learning objective

Every learning objective needs to be evaluated efficiently so as to determine whether or

not the former is achievable. The following measures correspond respectively to the

above-mentioned learning objectives.

Objective tests

These are items that are highly structured and require one to supply a word or two so as

to select the right answer from a number of alternatives. The reason why they would be the best

measure of evaluating the first learning objective which is to identify the factors that contribute

to the existing students' differences is that they “tend to be better at testing ‘low order’ thinking

skills, such as memory, basic comprehension and perhaps application (1)”. Some forms of the

test would require one to identify by matching items, indicating whether the statement is true or

false, filling in a blank space, or giving short answers from a number of alternatives.

Essay test

This type of evaluation is the best for the second learning objective because it requires a

response that needs to be composed. They give room for freedom of expressing individual

thoughts creatively. After contributing to discussions and articulating insights on how to cope

with learners' diversity unanimously, it is logical that the trainee needs to be evaluated to

understand the extent to which they are familiar with the needs analysis. Besides, it’s effective as

it evaluates the said learning objective through aspects of thinking, sharing of opinions, and

logically providing answers. The trainees can in detail put their thoughts down about the content

learned from their own point of view.

Summative evaluation

Given that the third and last objective requires one to formulate with ease the perfect

instructional methods for teaching and learning which cuts across the different needs and

characteristics of learners, summative evaluation is with no doubt the effective measure of

evaluation. For one, summative evaluation comes at the end of the course and is designed to

determine the extent to which the learning objective is achieved. It also provides information for

judging the appropriateness of a program which in this case is the need for analysis, students

diversity.

Constructed response test

According to Frey, “Constructed-response items refer to a wide range of test items that

require examinees to produce answers in various formats (2)”.

1. What are some of the factors that contribute to the existing student differences?

2. Write a short essay showing insight on how you would cope with students diversity

3. Experiment on any one of the teaching and learning institutional methods that would cut

across the different needs of learners

Test items of Bloom

● Produce various factors that hinder knowledge acquisition

● Demonstrate the impacts of non-standardized teaching techniques on learners

Analyze

● Compare and contrast the various characteristics that may be possessed by learners

● Identify the learning theory associated with Jean Piaget

How I would conduct formative, summative, and confirmative evaluations for my project

Formative tests are usually given to determine the progress of something, for my case

that would be the project. I would conduct it through clicker questions, reflection writings, and

surveys to identify struggles, misconceptions, and learning gaps and see how to close those gaps.

On the other hand, I would conduct the summative evaluation by writing in short durations

research reports for every research I do concerning the project. I would also do self-assessment

and peer assessment with critical and caring feedback to gauge the validity of the project. For the

confirmative evaluation, I would collect data relating to the project after a year in order to

determine its success. Moreover, I would also focus on long-term productivity and do self-report

measures.

Confirmative evaluation tool

● How relevant was the needs analysis training

● What parts of the training course were ineffective? Provide details

● State the most important things you gained from this training pertaining to students

differences

● Trainees should be guided to possess which of the following traits so as to become good

instructors?

● Specific

● Trying

● Considerate

● I don’t know

5. Do you think that analysis is a must-go-through for every instructor?

References

1. Frey, B. B. (2018). The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and

evaluation. SAGE Publications.

2. London School of Economics and Political Science. (n.d.). Objective tests. Home.

https://info.lse.ac.uk/staff/divisions/Eden-Centre/Assessment-Toolkit/Assessment-method

s/Objective-tests