Immunity

Compare & Contrast: Active vs Passive / Artificial vs Natural Immunity Natural active immunity comes from the individuals own antibodies (T cells) when exposed to an antigen naturally (Saladin,2020). Antibodies are disease specific (Ghanchi,2020). T cells are lymphocytes that are made in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus and are released by thymic hormones (Ghanchi,2020). The role of T cells is to kill infected cells, activate other immune cells, and produce cytokines. The regulate the immune response. Artificial active immunity is when an individuals own antibodies or T cells fight against a disease or infection in result of antibodies gained through vaccines (Saladin,2020). Vaccines are created through either a weakened active disease or through a killed disease (Ghanchi,2020). Vaccines such as rabies are killed vaccines and vaccines like the flu vaccine are live vaccines (Saladin,2020). Vaccines are administered through either injection, orally, or through nasal sprays (Gleichmann, 2020). Natural passive immunity is a temporary form of immunity that protects babies (Saladin,2020). This form is acquired through the placenta and is antibodies from the mother that are passed to the fetus (Saladin,2020). Artificial passive immunity is also a temporary immunity,but it is acquired through immune serums (Saladin,2020). These antibodies come from other people or animals who already have the antibodies and are passed to the recipient of the serum (Saladin,2020). They are used in emergency situations such as snake bites, tetanus,and rabies (Saladin,2020). Passive immunity is passed maternal or artificial (Gleichmann,2020). When passed maternally it is acquired through breast milk during breast feeding (Gleichmann, 2020). Immunity that involve memory offer future protection whereas immunity that do not will require boosters periodically(Saladin,2020). B cells are the immunity cells that create memory(Ghanchi,2020). Passive immunity does not require previous exposure to disease and takes effect immediately. Active immunity takes effect over time and comes from direct exposure and provides long term protection ( Gleichmann,2020). WC:352

Resources Ghanchi, A. (2020). T Cells. Retrieved from teachmephysiology.com Gleichmann, N. (2020). Active vs passive immunity:differences and definition. Retrieved from technologynetworks.com Saladin,K. (2020). Anatomy & physiology: unity of form and function. (9e). McGraw-Hill Education.

Top of Form