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203

Introduction 1. Timothy Morton, The Ecological Thought (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Uni-

versity Press, 2010), 130–35. 2. Local manifestation is philosopher Levi Bryant’s term for the appearance of

an object. See The Democracy of Objects (Ann Arbor, Mich.: Open Humanities Press, 2011), 15.

3. In some sense, the idea of weakness is an expansion of Vattimo’s proposal for a weak thinking that accepts the human–world gap, and which moves through nihilism. Gianni Vattimo, The Transparent Society, trans. David Webb (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994), 117, 119.

4. Jacques Lacan, Écrits: A Selection, trans. Alan Sheridan (London: Tavistock, 1977), 311.

5. I derive this line of thinking from Graham Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics: Phenomenology and the Carpentry of Things (Chicago: Open Court, 2005), 101–2.

6. Henry David Thoreau, The Maine Woods, ed. Joseph J. Moldenhauer (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2004), 71.

7. The atmospheric chemist Paul Crutzen devised the term Anthropocene. Paul Crutzen and E. Stoermer, “The Anthropocene,” Global Change Newsletter 41.1 (2000): 17–18; Paul Crutzen, “Geology of Mankind,” Nature 415 (January 3, 2002): 23, doi:10.1038/415023a.

8. Karl Marx, Capital, trans. Ben Fowkes, 3 vols. (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1990), 1:499.

9. The decisive study of situatedness is David Simpson, Situatedness; or Why We Keep Saying Where We’re Coming From (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2002), 20.

10. Timothy Morton, Ecology without Nature: Rethinking Environmental Aes- thetics (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2007), 33.

Morton, Timothy. Hyperobjects : Philosophy and Ecology after the End of the World, University of Minnesota Press, 2013. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/uow/detail.action?docID=1477347. Created from uow on 2021-11-11 11:00:28.

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204 Notes to Introduction

11. Jacques Derrida, “Hostipitality,” trans. Barry Stocker with Forbes Matlock, Angelaki 5.3 (December 2000): 3–18; Morton, Ecological Thought, 14–15, 17–19, 38–50.

12. See Trinity Atomic Website, http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/trinity/ trinity1.html.

13. Bruno Latour, We Have Never Been Modern, trans. Catherine Porter (Cam- bridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002).

14. Martin Heidegger, Being and Time, trans. Joan Stambaugh (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1996), 83–85.

15. Arthur Eddington, The Nature of the Physical World (New York: Macmillan, 1928), 276.

16. Heidegger, Being and Time, 191. 17. See David Simpson, “Romanticism, Criticism, and Theory,” in The Cam-

bridge Companion to British Romanticism, ed. Stuart Curran (Cambridge: Cam- bridge University Press, 1993), 10.

18. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Norman Kemp Smith (Bos - ton: St. Martin’s Press, 1965), 84–85.

19. Heidegger, Being and Time, 196. 20. Heidegger, Being and Time, 193. 21. Heidegger, Being and Time, 208. 22. Martin Heidegger, Phenomenological Interpretations of Aristotle, trans.

Richard Rojcwicz (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001), 23. 23. Friedrich Nietzsche, The Gay Science, trans. and ed. Walter Kaufmann

(New York: Vintage, 1974), 125. 24. William Blake, “The Divine Image,” in The Complete Poetry and Prose of

William Blake, ed. D. V. Erdman (New York: Doubleday, 1988). 25. Quentin Meillassoux, After Finitude: An Essay on the Necessity of Contin-

gency, trans. Ray Brassier (London: Continuum, 2010), 119–21. 26. José Ortega y Gasset, Phenomenology and Art, trans. Philip W. Silver (New

York: Norton, 1975), 63–70; Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 39, 40, 135–43, 247. 27. Graham Harman, “Critical Animal with a Fun Little Post,” Object-Oriented

Philosophy (blog), October 17, 2011, http://doctorzamalek2.wordpress.com/2011/ 10/17/critical-animal-with-a-fun-little-post/.

28. The term irreduction is derived from the work of Bruno Latour and Gra- ham Harman. Graham Harman, Prince of Networks: Bruno Latour and Meta- physics (Melbourne: Re.press, 2009), 12.

29. Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto, in Selected Writings, ed. David McLel - lan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977), 12; William Shakespeare, Macbeth (New York: Washington Square Press, 1992), 19.

30. Morton, Ecological Thought, 121. 31. Martin Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy: (From Enowning), trans.

Parvis Emad and Kenneth Maly (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1999), 283–93. See also Joan Stambaugh, The Finitude of Being (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992), 139–44.

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http://www.cddc.vt.edu/host/atomic/trinity/trinity1.html

http://doctorzamalek2.wordpress.com/2011/10/17/critical-animal-with-a-fun-little-post/

Notes to “Viscosity” 205

32. I am inspired to use this phrase by the innovative arguments of the Hei- deggerian philosopher Iain Thomson in Heidegger, Art, and Postmodernity (Cam- bridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011), and “Heidegger’s Aesthetics,” in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Edward N. Zalta, summer 2011 ed., http:// plato.stanford.edu/entries/heidegger-aesthetics/.

33. Lacan, Écrits, 311. 34. Thing theory is the invention of Bill Brown. See the special issue of Critical

Inquiry, “Things” (Fall 2001). 35. Wall•E, directed by Andrew Stanton (Pixar Animation Studios, 2008).

Viscosity 1. Richard Dawkins develops the concept in The Extended Phenotype: The

Long Reach of the Gene (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), 1–2. 2. Twin Peaks, directed by David Lynch et al. (ABC, 1990); Twin Peaks: Fire

Walk with Me (CIBY Pictures, 1992). 3. Perhaps the most vivid account of the politics of this agency to date has

been Jane Bennett, Vibrant Matter: A Political Ecology of Things (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2004), 21.

4. Plato, Ion, trans. Benjamin Jowett, http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/ion.html. 5. Ursula Heise, Sense of Place and Sense of Planet: The Environmental Imagi-

nation of the Global (New York: Colombia University Press, 1982), 84. 6. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Judgment, trans. Werner S. Pluhar (Indianapo-

lis: Hackett, 1987), 445–46. 7. Jean-Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness: An Essay on Phenomenological

Ontology, trans. and ed. Hazel Barnes (New York: Philosophical Library, 1984), 610, 609.

8. Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 609. 9. Debora Shuger, “‘Gums of Glutinous Heat’ and the Stream of Conscious-

ness: The Theology of Milton’s Maske,” Representations 60 (Fall 1997): 1–21. 10. Reza Negarestani, Cyclonopedia: Complicity with Anonymous Materials

(Melbourne: Re.press, 2008), 29. 11. Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 87–97, 98–100, 101–6. 12. Julia Kristeva, Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection, trans. L. S. Roudiez

(New York: Columbia University Press, 1982), 3–4. 13. I derive the phrase “revenge of Gaia” from James Lovelock, The Revenge of

Gaia: Earth’s Climate Crisis and the Fate of Humanity (New York: Basic Books, 2007).

14. E. V. Klass et al., “Reconstruction of the Dose to the Victim as a Result of Accidental Irradiation in Lia (Georgia),” Atomic Energy 100.2 (2006): 149–53; Richard Stone, “The Hunt for Hot Stuff,” Smithsonian 33.12 (March 2003): 58; PBS, Transcript of “Dirty Bomb,” Nova, February 25, 2003, http://www.pbs.org/wg bh/nova/transcripts/3007_dirtybom.html; NTI, “Radiothermal Generators Con- taining Strontium-90 Discovered in Liya, Georgia,” January 15, 2002, http://www .nti.org/db/nistraff/2002/20020030.htm.

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http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/heidegger-aesthetics/

http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/ion.html

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/transcripts/3007_dirtybom.html

http://www.nti.org/db/nistraff/2002/20020030.htm

206 Notes to “Viscosity”

15. Steven A. Book, William L. Spangler, and Laura A. Swartz, “Effects of Life- time Ingestion of 90Sr in Beagle Dogs,” Radiation Research 90 (1982): 244–51.

16. John Donne, Holy Sonnets 14, in Major Works: Including Songs and Sonnets and Sermons, ed. John Carey (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000).

17. The line is from the Bhagavad Gita, trans. Swami Nikhilananda (New York: Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center, 1944), 11.32. The term shatterer rather than destroyer first appeared in “The Eternal Apprentice,” Time, November 8, 1948, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,853367-8,00.html.

18. Ortega y Gasset, Phenomenology and Art, 63–70; Harman, Guerrilla Meta- physics, 39, 40, 135–43, 247.

19. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 135–36. 20. Ulrich Beck, Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity (London: Sage, 1992),

19–22. 21. Robert Parker, Miasma: Pollution and Purification in Early Greek Religion

(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 5–9. 22. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 247. 23. Lacan, Écrits, 311. 24. David Bohm and Basil Hiley, The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Inter-

pretation of Quantum Theory (London: Routledge, 1995), 18–19, 23. 25. See Anton Zeilinger, Dance of the Photons: From Einstein to Quantum Tele-

portation (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2010), 236. 26. Bohm and Hiley, Undivided Universe, 28–38.

Nonlo cality 1. Ian Bogost, Unit Operations: An Approach to Videogame Criticism (Cam-

bridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2008), 4–15. 2. See Levi Bryant, “Let’s Talk about Politics Again!—Ian Bogost,” Larval Sub-

jects (blog), September 17, 2012, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/?s=Bogost. 3. This is a version of an argument in Meillassoux, After Finitude, 82–85. 4. David Bohm, Quantum Theory (New York: Dover, 1989), 99–115. 5. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 158–61. 6. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 139–40, 177. 7. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 493–94. 8. Alejandro W. Rodriguez et al., “Theoretical Ingredients of a Casimir Ana-

log Computer,” Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences (March 24, 2010), www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1003894107.

9. David Bohm, Wholeness and the Implicate Order (London: Routledge, 2008), 219.

10. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 177. 11. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 139–40. 12. David Bohm, The Special Theory of Relativity (London: Routledge, 2006),

155. 13. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 118.

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http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,853367-8,00.html

http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/?s=Bogost

www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1003894107

Notes to “Nonlocality” 207

14. Dawkins, Extended Phenotype, 156; Joan Roughgarden, Evolution’s Rain- bow: Diversity, Gender, and Sexuality in Nature and People (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004), 26–27.

15. Yuri Aharanov and David Bohm, “Significance of Electromagnetic Poten- tials in the Quantum Theory,” Physical Review 115.3 (August 1, 1959): 485–91; Alain Aspect, Philippe Granger, and Gérard Roger, “Experimental Realization of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm Gedankenexperiment: A New Violation of Bell’s Inequalities,” Physical Review Letters 49.2 (July 2, 1982): 91–94; Anton Zeilinger et al., “An Experimental Test of Non-Local Realism,” Nature 446 (August 6, 2007): 871–75; L. Hofstetter et al., “Cooper Pair Splitter Realized in a Two-Quantum-Dot Y-Junction,” Nature 461 (October 15, 2009): 960–63.

16. Albert Einstein, Nathan Rosen, and Boris Podolsky, “Can Quantum- Mechanical Description of Reality Be Complete?” Physical Review 47 (1935): 777–80.

17. Anton Zeilinger et al., “Distributing Entanglement and Single Photons through an Intra-City, Free-Space Quantum Channel,” Optics Express 13 (2005): 202–9; Villoresi et al., “Experimental Verification of the Feasibility of a Quantum Channel between Space and Earth,” New Journal of Physics 10 (2008): doi:10.1088/ 1367-2630/10/3/033038; Fedrizzi et al., “High-Fidelity Transmission of Entangle- ment over a High-Loss Freespace Channel,” Nature Physics 5 (June 24, 2009): 389–92.

18. Edward Casey, The Fate of Place: A Philosophical History (Berkeley: Univer- sity of California Press, 1997), 106–16.

19. John Bell, “On the Einstein Podolsky Rosen Paradox,” Physics 1 (1964): 195–200.

20. Elisabetta Collin et al., “Coherently Wired Light-Harvesting in Photosyn- thetic Marine Algae at Ambient Temperature,” Nature 463 (February 4, 2010): 644–47.

21. Aaron D. O’Connell et al., “Quantum Ground State and Single Phonon Con- trol of a Mechanical Ground Resonator,” Nature 464 (March 17, 2010): 697–703.

22. O’Connell et al., “Quantum Ground State,” 701. 23. Collin et al., “Coherently Wired Light-Harvesting,” 644–47; Erik M. Gauger

et al., “Sustained Quantum Coherence and Entanglement in the Avian Compass,” Physical Review Letters 106 (January 28, 2011): doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.040503.

24. Arkady Plotnitsky, Reading Bohr (Dordrecht: Springer, 2010), 35. 25. Anthony Valentini, Quantum Theory at the Crossroads: Reconsidering the

1927 Solvay Conference (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), vii–xi. 26. Bohm and Hiley, Undivided Universe, 28–38. 27. Bohm, Wholeness, 246–77. 28. Bohm, Wholeness, 21. 29. Bohm, Wholeness, 14. 30. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 83. 31. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 139. 32. Graham Harman, Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics of Objects

(Chicago: Open Court, 2002), 129–33.

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208 Notes to “Nonlocality”

33. Bohm, Quantum Theory, 158–61. 34. See Einstein, Rosen, and Podolsky, “Can Quantum-Mechanical Descrip-

tion?,” 777–80. 35. Backward causation is favored by Phil Dowe in Physical Causation (New

York: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 176–86. 36. See, for example, Bohm, Wholeness, 246–77. 37. Petr Hořava, “Quantum Gravity at a Lifshitz Point,” March 2, 2009, arXiv:

0901.3775v2 [hep-th]. 38. Aaron O’Connell, “Making Sense of a Visible Quantum Object,” TED Talk,

March 2011, http://www.ted.com/talks/aaron_o_connell_making_sense_of_a_vis ible_quantum_object.html.

39. Science Daily, “Quantum Mechanics at Work in Photosynthesis: Algae Famil - iar with These Processes for Nearly Two Billion Years,” February 3, 2010, http:// www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/02/100203131356.htm?sms_ss=blogger.

40. Bohm, Wholeness, 183, 187–88, 244. 41. Bohm, Wholeness, 192, 218–71. 42. Craig Hogan, “Spacetime Indeterminacy and Holographic Noise,” October

22, 2007, arXiv:0706.1999v2 [gr-qc]; Craig Hogan, “Holographic Noise in Inter- ferometers,” January 8, 2010, arXiv:0905.4803v8 [gr-qc]; Raphael Bousso et al., “Predicting the Cosmological Constant from the Causal Entropic Principle,” Sep- tember 15, 2007, hep-th/0702115; Raphael Bousso, “The Holographic Principle,” Review of Modern Physics 74 (2002): 825–74.

43. James Boswell, Boswell’s Life of Johnson (London: Oxford University Press, 1965) 333.

44. John Hersey, Hiroshima (New York: Vintage Books, 1989). 45. Hersey, Hiroshima, 20. 46. Empire of the Sun, directed by Steven Spielberg (Warner Bros., 1987). 47. Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy, 283–93. See also Stambaugh, Fini-

tude of Being, 139–44. Robert Oppenheimer’s line is from the Bhagavad Gita, 11.32. As stated earlier, the term “shatterer” rather than “destroyer” first appeared in “The Eternal Apprentice,” Time.

48. Martin Heidegger, “The Question Concerning Technology,” in Basic Writ- ings: From Being and Time to The Task of Thinking, ed. David Krell (New York: HarperCollins, 1993), 307–41.

49. William Wordsworth, The Prelude, in The Major Works: Including the Pre- lude, ed. Stephen Gill (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), lines 330–412.

50. Sigmund Freud, The Ego and the Id, trans. Joan Riviere, rev. and ed. James Strachey (New York: Norton, 1989), 24; Sigmund Freud, “A Note on the Mystic Writing Pad,” in The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sig- mund Freud, trans. and ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press, 1953), 19:225– 32; Jacques Derrida, “Freud and the Scene of Writing,” Writing and Difference, trans. Alan Bass (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978), 246–91.

51. Timothy Morton, “Some Notes towards a Philosophy of Non-Life,” Think- ing Nature 1 (2011): http://thinkingnaturejournal.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/to wardsnonlifebytimmorton.pdf.

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http://www.ted.com/talks/aaron_o_connell_making_sense_of_a_visible_quantum_object.html

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/02/100203131356.htm?sms_ss=blogger

http://thinkingnaturejournal.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/towardsnonlifebytimmorton.pdf

Notes to “Temporal Undulation” 209

52. Nick Land, Fanged Noumena: Collected Writings, 1987–2007 (Falmouth: Urbanomic, 2011), 335, 448. See also Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 26, 72.

53. Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 70; see also 13–14, 16–21. 54. Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 27. 55. Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 26. 56. Martin Heidegger, “The Origin of the Work of Art,” in Poetry, Language,

Thought, trans. Albert Hofstadter (New York: Harper & Row, 1971), 15–86. 57. William K. Wimsatt and Monroe C. Beardsley, “The Intentional Fallacy,”

Sewanee Review 54 (1946): 468–88. 58. Ray Brassier, Nihil Unbound: Enlightenment and Extinction (New York: Pal-

grave, 2010), 48.

Temporal Undulation 1. Levi Bryant, “Hyperobjects and OOO,” Larval Subjects (blog), November

11, 2010, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2010/11/11/hyperobjects-and-ooo/. 2. Das Rad, directed by Chris Stenner, Arvid Uibel, and Heidi Wittlinger

(Georg Gruber Filmproduktion, Filmakademie Baden-Württemberg, 2001). 3. Felix Hess, Air Pressure Fluctuations (Edition RZ, 2001). 4. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 86. 5. Theodor Adorno, Aesthetic Theory, trans. and ed. Robert Hullot-Kentor

(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997), 65; Theodor Adorno, “The Idea of Natural History,” Telos 60 (1984): 111–24.

6. David Archer, The Long Thaw: How Humans Are Changing the Next 100,000 Years of Earth’s Climate (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2008); David Archer, “How Long Will Global Warming Last?,” http://www.realclimate .org/index.php/archives/2005/03/how-long-will-global-warming-last/.

7. Kant, Critique of Judgment, 519–25. 8. See Morton, Ecological Thought, 40, 118. 9. Plastic Bag, directed by Ramin Bahrani (Noruz Films and Gigantic Pictures,

2009). 10. Casey, Fate of Place, 106–12. 11. Blaise Pascal, Pensées, trans. A. J. Krailsheimer (New York: Penguin, 1966),

201:95. 12. Bohm, Special Theory of Relativity, 189–90. 13. Albert Einstein, The Meaning of Relativity (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Uni-

versity Press, 2005), 30. 14. Einstein, Meaning of Relativity, 63. 15. Bohm, Special Theory of Relativity, 156, 189–90, 204–18. 16. Bohm, Wholeness, 12–13. 17. Alphonso Lingis, The Imperative (Bloomington: Indiana University Press,

1998), 25–37. 18. Einstein, Meaning of Relativity, 61. 19. Timothy Morton, Realist Magic: Objects, Ontology, Causality (Ann Arbor,

Mich.: Open Humanities Press, 2013), 26, 36, 40–41, 56–62.

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http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2005/03/how-long-will-global-warming-last/

210 Notes to “Temporal Undulation”

20. Meillassoux, After Finitude, 119–21. 21. Iain Hamilton Grant, Philosophies of Nature after Schelling (London: Con-

tinuum, 2008), 204. 22. H. P. Lovecraft, “The Call of Cthulhu,” in The Dunwich Horror and Others,

ed. S. T. Joshi (Sauk City, Wisc.: Arkham House, 1984), 139. 23. Meillassoux, After Finitude, 7. 24. Bohm, Special Theory of Relativity, 91–96, 129. 25. NASA Science News, “NASA Announces Results of Epic Space-Time Exper -

iment,” http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/04may_epic/. 26. Casey, Fate of Place, 106–16; Latour, We Have Never Been Modern. 27. Ar-Razi, Doubts against Galen, in Classical Arabic Philosophy, trans. John

Mcginnis and David C. Reisman (Indianapolis: Hackett, 2007), 53. 28. Graham Harman, “Aristotle with a Twist,” in Speculative Medievalisms:

Discography, ed. Eileen Joy, Anna Klosowska, and Nicola Masciandaro (New York: Punctum Books, 2012) 227–53.

29. Percy Shelley, A Defence of Poetry, in Shelley’s Poetry and Prose, ed. Donald H. Reiman and Neil Fraistat (New York: Norton, 2002), 509–35 (535).

30. Camille Parmesan, “Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Cli- mate Change,” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37 (2006): 637–69.

Phasing 1. Percy Shelley, “Hymn to Intellectual Beauty,” in Shelley’s Poetry and Prose,

ed. Donald H. Reiman and Neil Fraistat (New York: Norton, 2002), lines 1–2. 2. Percy Shelley, Mont Blanc, Poetry and Prose, lines 1–2. See Steven Shaviro,

“The Universe of Things,” Theory and Event 14.3 (2011): doi:10.1353/tae.2011 .0027.

3. Walter Benjamin, “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduc- tion,” in Illuminations, ed. Hannah Arendt, trans. Harry Zohn, (London: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1973), 217–51.

4. Edward Burtynsky, Manufactured Landscapes: The Photographs of Edward Burtynsky (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2003); Manufactured Land- scapes, directed by Jennifer Baichwal (Foundry Films, National Film Board of Canada, 2006).

5. Martin Heidegger, What Is a Thing?, trans. W. B. Barton and Vera Deutsch, analysis by Eugene T. Gendlin (Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1967), 102–3.

6. Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, 84–85. 7. The Beatles, “A Day in the Life,” Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (Par-

lophone, 1967). 8. See Bryant, Democracy of Objects, 208–27. 9. The most important of these sources is In Contradiction: A Study of the

Transconsistent (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006). 10. In “Auguries of Innocence,” The Complete Poetry and Prose of William

Blake, ed. David V. Erdman (New York: Doubleday, 1988).

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Notes to “Interobjectivity” 211

11. Star Wars 4: A New Hope, directed by George Lucas (Twentieth Century Fox, 1977).

Interobjectivity 1. Morton, Ecological Thought, 14–15. 2. Heidegger, Being and Time, 64, 70, 73, 95, 103, 111, 187, 333, 348. I use Har-

man’s apt translation “contexture.” 3. When I wrote The Ecological Thought, it was unclear to me which one of the

two entities that study disclosed—the mesh and the strange stranger—had priority. It now seems clear that the strange stranger has ontological priority. For a full dis- cussion, see Morton, Realist Magic, 24, 75, 140.

4. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “mesh,” n.1 a, b, http://www.oed.com. 5. Lawrence M. Krauss, Scott Dodelson, and Stephan Meyer, “Primordial

Gravitational Waves and Cosmology,” Science 328.5981 (May 2010): 989–92. 6. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “mesh,” http://www.oed.com. 7. See, for example, Michael E. Zimmerman and Sean Esbjörn-Hargens, Inte-

gral Ecology: Uniting Multiple Perspectives on the Natural World (Boston: Sham- bala, 2009), 216.

8. Heidegger, Being and Time, 127–28, 254–55. 9. Alan M. Turing, “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” in The Philoso-

phy of Artificial Intelligence, ed. Margaret A. Boden (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990), 40–66.

10. Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1996), 51–53.

11. Grant, Philosophies of Nature, 27–30. 12. Heidegger, “Origin,” 15–86. 13. Stephen M. Feeney et al., “First Observational Tests of Eternal Inflation:

Analysis Methods and WMAP 7-year Results,” Physical Review D 84.4 (2011): doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.84.043507.

14. Shelley, Defence of Poetry, 509–35 (522). 15. George Spencer-Brown, Laws of Form (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1979); Niklas

Luhmann, Social Systems, trans. John Bednarz and Dirk Baecker (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1996), 65–66, 275.

16. Jacques Derrida, Dissemination, trans. Barbara Johnson (Chicago: Univer- sity of Chicago Press, 1981), 54, 104, 205, 208, 222, 253.

17. Shelley, Defence of Poetry, 522. 18. John Ruskin, The Seven Lamps of Architecture (London: Smith, Elder, 1849),

125. 19. See my argument in Ecology without Nature, 138. 20. Meillassoux, After Finitude, 7. 21. Morton, Realist Magic, 212–13. 22. Aristotle, Physics, trans. Robin Waterfield (Oxford: Oxford University Press,

2008), Book 4 (especially 105–8); see also 26, 34–35. 23. Empire of the Sun, directed by Stephen Spielberg; J. G. Ballard, Empire of the

Sun (Cutchogue, N.Y.: Buccaneer Books, 1984).

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24. The Day After, directed by Nicholas Meyer (ABC, 1983); The Day after Tomorrow, directed by Roland Emmerich (Centropolis Entertainment, 2004).

25. Gillian Beer, introduction to The Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), vii–xxviii (xxvii–xviii).

The End of the World 1. Morton, Ecological Thought, 28, 54. 2. Aristotle, Metaphysics, trans. Hugh Lawson-Tancred (London: Penguin,

1999), 158–59. 3. Harman, Tool-Being, 127. 4. Roman Jakobson, “Closing Statement: Linguistics and Poetics,” in Style in

Language, ed. Thomas A. Sebeok (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1960), 350–77. 5. Harman, Tool-Being, 21–22. 6. The Two Towers, directed by Peter Jackson (New Line Cinema, 2002). 7. Anon, “Residents Upset about Park Proposal,” Lakewood Sentinel, July 31,

2008, 1; “Solar Foes Focus in the Dark,” Lakewood Sentinel, August 7, 2008, 4. 8. Marx, Capital, 1:556. 9. Martin Heidegger, “The Question Concerning Technology,” in The Ques-

tion Concerning Technology and Other Essays, trans. William Lovitt (New York: Harper & Row, 1977), 17.

10. See, for instance, Heidegger, “ Origin,” 15–86. 11. Harman, Tool-Being, 155. 12. Pierre Boulez, Répons (Deutsche Grammophon, 1999); Boulez: Répons,

directed by Robert Cahen (Colimason, INA, IRCAM, 1989), http://www.heure- exquise.org/video.php?id=1188.

13. Stephen Healey, “Air Conditioning,” paper presented at the Materials: Objects: Environments workshop, National Institute for Experimental Arts (NIEA), Sydney, May 19, 2011.

14. David Gissen, Subnature: Architecture’s Other Environments (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2009), 79; “Reflux: From Environmental Flows to Environmental Objects,” paper presented at the Materials: Objects: Environments workshop, NIEA, Sydney, May 19, 2011.

15. R&Sie, Dusty Relief, http://www.new-territories.com/roche2002bis.htm. 16. Neil A. Manson, “The Concept of Irreversibility: Its Use in the Sustainable

Development and Precautionary Principle Literatures,” Electronic Journal of Sustain - able Development 1.1 (2007): 3–15, https://sustainability.water.ca.gov/documents/ 18/3407876/The+concept+of+irreversibility+its+use+in+the+sustainable.pdf.

17. Fernand Braudel, Civilization and Capitalism, 15th–18th Century, trans. S. Reynolds, 3 vols. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982–84).

18. Aristotle, Metaphysics, 213, 217. 19. Marx, Capital, 1:620. 20. Burtynsky, Manufactured Landscapes; Manufactured Landscapes, directed

by Jennifer Baichwal (Foundry Films, National Film Board of Canada, 2006). 21. Slavoj Žižek, Enjoy Your Symptom! Jacques Lacan in Hollywood and Out

(New York: Routledge, 2001), 209.

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http://www.new-territories.com/roche2002bis.htm

https://sustainability.water.ca.gov/documents/18/3407876/The+concept+of+irreversibility+its+use+in+the+sustainable.pdf

Notes to “The End of the World” 213

22. ABCnews, “Oil From the BP Spill Found at Bottom of Gulf,” September 12, 2010, http://abcnews.go.com/WN/oil-bp-spill-found-bottom-gulf/story?id=1161 8039.

23. Bryant, Democracy of Objects, 208–27. 24. Mary Ann Hoberman, A House Is a House for Me (New York: Puffin Books,

2007), 27. 25. Hoberman, House, 34, 42–48. 26. Harman, Tool-Being, 68–80. 27. The phrase is Graham Harman’s: Guerrilla Metaphysics, 23, 85, 158, 161. 28. Stambaugh, Finitude of Being, 28, 53, 55. 29. An exemplary instance is Rocky Flats Nuclear Guardianship: http://www

.rockyflatsnuclearguardianship.org/. 30. Thomas A. Sebeok, Communication Measures to Bridge Ten Millennia

(Colum bus, Ohio: Battelle Memorial Institute, Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation, 1984).

31. Into Eternity, directed Michael Madsen (Magic Hour Films and Atmo Media, 2010).

32. Susan Garfield, “‘Atomic Priesthood’ Is Not Nuclear Guardianship: A Cri- tique of Thomas Sebeok’s Vision of the Future,” Nuclear Guardianship Forum 3 (1994): http://www.ratical.org/radiation/NGP/AtomPriesthd.txt.

33. Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy, 13. 34. See Timothy Clark, “Towards a Deconstructive Environmental Criticism,”

Oxford Literary Review 30.1 (2008): 45–68. 35. Stambaugh, Finitude of Being, 93. 36. Derek Parfit, Reasons and Persons (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984),

355–57, 361. 37. Parfit, Reasons and Persons, 309–13. 38. Jacques Derrida, “Hostipitality,” trans. Barry Stocker with Forbes Matlock,

Angelaki 5.3 (December 2000): 3–18 (11). 39. Donna Haraway, When Species Meet (Minneapolis: University of Minne -

sota Press, 2007), 19, 27, 92, 301. 40. Rob Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor (Cam-

bridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011), 2. 41. Emmanuel Levinas, Totality and Infinity: An Essay on Exteriority, trans.

Alphonso Lingis (Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1969), 160, 258; Other- wise than Being: Or Beyond Essence, trans. Alphonso Lingis (Pittsburgh: Duquesne University Press, 1998), 3.

42. Franz Kafka, “The Cares of a Family Man,” in Metamorphosis, In the Penal Colony, and Other Short Stories (New York: Schoken Books, 1995), 160.

43. Kafka, “Cares,” 160. 44. Kafka, “Cares,” 160. 45. Chögyam Trungpa, Glimpses of Abidharma (Boston: Shambhala, 2001), 74;

Heidegger, Being and Time, 171–78. 46. The Matrix, directed by the Wachowski brothers (Village Roadshow Pic-

tures and Silver Pictures, 1999).

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http://www.rockyflatsnuclearguardianship.org/

http://www.ratical.org/radiation/NGP/AtomPriesthd.txt

http://abcnews.go.com/WN/oil-bp-spill-found-bottom-gulf/story?id=11618039

214 Notes to “The End of the World”

47. Radical Joy for Hard Times, “What Is an Earth Exchange?,” http://www.rad icaljoyforhardtimes.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=79& Itemid=29. A slide show of the 2010 Global Earth Exchanges can be found at http://www.radicaljoyforhardtimes.org/index.php?option=com_content&view= article&id=55&Itemid=5.

48. Morton, Ecological Thought, 38–50. 49. “Cosmic Origins: A Series of Six Lectures Exploring Our World and Our-

selves,” University of Arizona College of Science, http://cos.arizona.edu/cosmic/. 50. I refer to the movie The Island President, directed by Jon Shenk (Samuel

Goldwyn Films, 2011), about Mohamed Nasheed, president of the Maldives, whose islands are being inundated by the effects of global warming.

Hypo crisies 1. Talking Heads, “Once in a Lifetime,” Remain in Light (Sire Records, 1980). 2. Horst Rittel and Melvin Webber, “Dilemmas in a General Theory of Plan-

ning,” in Developments in Design Methodology, ed. N. Cross (Chichester: J. Wiley & Sons, 1984), 135–44.

3. Kelly Levin et al., “Playing It Forward: Path Dependency, Progressive Incre- mentalism, and the ‘Super Wicked’ Problem of Global Climate Change,” http:// environment.research.yale.edu/documents/downloads/0-9/2010_super_wicked _levin_cashore_bernstein_auld.pdf.

4. Søren Kierkegaard, “The Edifying in the Thought That Against God We Are Always in the Wrong,” in Either/Or: A Fragment of Life, ed. Victor Eremita, trans. and intro. Alastair Hannay (London: Penguin, 1992), 595–609 (597, 602, 604).

5. This paradox has a rich history in the thinking of Žižek. See, for instance, Tarrying with the Negative: Kant, Hegel, and the Critique of Ideology (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1998), 193–96.

6. Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy, 29, 67–68, 94–96. 7. Parfit, Reasons and Persons, 355–57. 8. Parfit, Reasons and Persons, 281. 9. Arthur Rimbaud to Paul Demeny, May 15, 1871, in Rimbaud: Complete

Works, Selected Letters: A Bilingual Edition, ed. Seth Whidden, trans. Wallace Fowlie (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005), 374.

10. Beck, Risk Society, 19–22. 11. Parfit, Reasons and Persons, 371–77. 12. Jacques Derrida, The Animal That Therefore I Am, ed. Marie-Louise Mallet,

trans. David Wills (New York: Fordham University Press, 2008), 136. 13. Jacques Lacan, address given at MIT, quoted in Sherry Turkle, Psychoana-

lytic Politics: Freud’s French Revolution (New York: Basic Books, 1978), 238. 14. Lingis, Imperative, 173, 221–22. 15. Lingis, Imperative, 26–38. 16. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 36–37. 17. Lingis, Imperative, 29.

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http://www.radicaljoyforhardtimes.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=5

http://cos.arizona.edu/cosmic/

http://environment.research.yale.edu/documents/downloads/0-9/2010_super_wicked_levin_cashore_bernstein_auld.pdf

Notes to “Hypocrisies” 215

18. Jacques Lacan, Le seminaire, Livre III: Les psychoses (Paris: Editions de Seuil, 1981), 48.

19. Hakim Bey, The Temporary Autonomous Zone (Brooklyn, N.Y.: Autonome- dia, 1991), http://hermetic.com/bey/taz_cont.html.

20. Graham Harman, “The Theory of Objects in Heidegger and Whitehead,” in Towards Speculative Realism: Essays and Lectures (Ropley: Zero Books, 2010), 22–43; Graham Harman, “Object-Oriented Philosophy,” in Towards Speculative Realism, 93–104.

21. Adorno, Aesthetic Theory, 331. 22. Eliane Radigue, Biogenesis (Metamkine, 1996). 23. Heidegger, Being and Time, 127. 24. Heidegger, Being and Time, 5, 22–23, 62–71. 25. John Cleese and Graham Chapman, “The Argument Sketch,” Monty Python’s

Flying Circus, “The Money Programme,” series 3, episode 3 (November 2, 1972). 26. This is the title of one of Lacan’s seminars, “Le séminaire de Jacques Lacan,

Livre XXI: Les non-dupes errent” (unpublished). 27. Morton, Ecology without Nature, 109–23. 28. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “doom,” n.1, http://www.oed.com. 29. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “doom,” n.2, 3b, 5, 6, 7, http://www.oed

.com 30. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “doom,” n.3a, http://www.oed.com. 31. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “doom,” n.4a, b, http://www.oed.com. 32. Oxford English Dictionary, s.v. “doom,” n.8, 10, http://www.oed.com. 33. There is a very good summary of this in the entry “Jacques Derrida,” in The

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ed. Edward N. Zalta, fall 2011 ed., http://plato .stanford.edu/archives/fall2011/entries/derrida/.

34. Quintilian, Institutio Oratorica 11.3, http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/ E/Roman/Texts/Quintilian/Institutio_Oratoria/11C*.html#3.

35. Heidegger, “ Origin,” 15–86. 36. Morton, Ecology without Nature, 34–47. 37. “Return to Tomorrow,” Star Trek, season 2, episode 20, first broadcast Feb-

ruary 9, 1968. 38. Shelley, Defence of Poetry, 509–35 (530, 533). 39. Being John Malkovich, directed by Spike Jonze (USA Films, 1999). 40. James Joyce, Ulysses (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1983), 331. 41. Alvin Lucier, Music on a Long Thin Wire (Lovely Music, 1979). 42. Lacan, Le seminaire, Livre III, 48. 43. Gerard Manley Hopkins, “As Kingfishers Catch Fire, Dragonflies Draw

Flame,” in The Major Works, ed. Catherine Phillips (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).

44. Shelley, Hymn to Intellectual Beauty, line 1. 45. Lacan, Écrits, 311. 46. Laurie Anderson, “Born Never Asked,” Big Science (Warner Bros., 1982). 47. Kierkegaard, “The Edifying in the Truth, 595–609.

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http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Quintilian/Institutio_Oratoria/11C*.html#3

216 Notes to “Hypocrisies”

48. Peter Sloterdijk, Critique of Cynical Reason (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1988). See also Slavoj Žižek, The Sublime Object of Ideology (London: Verso, 1997), 28–33.

49. Arne Naess, Ecology, Community, and Lifestyle: A Philosophical Approach (Oslo: University of Oslo Press, 1977), 56.

50. Harman, Guerrilla Metaphysics, 79, 185. 51. Graham Harman, The Quadruple Object (Ropley: Zero Books, 2011),

7–18. 52. Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy, 27, 78, 80, 83; “On the Question of

Being,” in Pathmarks, ed. William McNeill (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 291–322 (311, 313).

53. Malcolm Bull, Anti-Nietzsche (London: Verso, 2011), 11–13. 54. Harman, “Object-Oriented Philosophy,” 93–104. 55. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Hegel: Elements of the Philosophy of Right,

trans. H. B. Nisbet (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 23.

The Age of Asymmetry 1. Heidegger, Contributions to Philosophy, 54, 265. See Stambaugh, Finitude of

Being, 60, 129. 2. Bradley Smith, “Interview with Wolves in the Throne Room 2006,” Noctur-

nal Cult, June 10, 2006, http://www.nocturnalcult.com/WITTRint.htm. 3. Hegel’s Aesthetics: Lectures on Fine Art, trans. T. M. Knox, 2 vols. (Oxford:

Oxford University Press, 2010), 1:408; Hegel, Introductory Lectures on Aesthetics, trans. Bernard Bosanquet (London: Penguin, 1993), 82–84.

4. Hegel, Aesthetics, 1:301, 309–310, 1:427–42; Hegel, Introductory Lectures, 84–85.

5. Blake, “The Divine Image.” 6. Hegel, Introductory Lectures, 85–86; Hegel, Aesthetics, 1:516–29. 7. Hegel, Aesthetics, 1:530–39. 8. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A. V.

Miller (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977), 111–19. 9. Marx and Engels, Manifesto, 227.

10. See Susan McClary, Conventional Wisdom: The Content of Musical Form (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001), 63–108.

11. Slavoj Žižek, “The Abyss of Freedom,” in Slavoj Žižek and Friedrich Schelling, The Abyss of Freedom / Ages of the World, (Ages of the World, trans. Judith Norman) (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2007), 46–48.

12. The Beatles, “A Day in the Life.” 13. In David Toop, Haunted Weather: Music, Silence, and Memory (London: Ser -

pent’s Tail, 2004), 239–40. 14. Adorno, Aesthetic Theory, 331. 15. Laurie L. Patton, Bringing the Gods to Mind: Mantra and Ritual in Early

Indian Sacrifice (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005), 1–14.

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Notes to “The Age of Asymmetry” 217

16. Martin Heidegger, What Is Philosophy?, trans. and intro. Jean T. Wilde and William Kluback (Lanham, Md.: Rowan and Littlefield, 2003), 77–91.

17. Arthur Schopenhauer, The World as Will and Representation, trans. E. F. J. Payne, 2 vols. (New York: Dover, 1969), 1:411–12.

18. This position is somewhat similar to the one found in Chuck Dyke, “Nat- ural Speech: A Hoary Story,” in How Nature Speaks: The Dynamics of the Human Ecological Condition, ed. Yrjö Haila and Chuck Dyke (Durham, N.C.: Duke Uni- versity Press, 2006), 66–77.

19. Lacan, Écrits, 311. 20. Apocalypse Now, directed by Francis Ford Coppola (American Zoetrope,

1979). 21. Chögyam Trungpa, “Instead of Americanism Speak the English Lan-

guage Properly,” in The Elocution Home Study Course (Boulder, Colo.: Vajradhatu, 1983), 3.

22. Plato, Ion, http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/ion.html. 23. The subtitle of his Cyclonopedia. 24. Negarestani, Cyclonopedia, 195–207. 25. China Miéville, Perdido Street Station (New York: Ballantine, 2001); China

Miéville, The Scar (New York: Random House, 2004). 26. Lacan, Le seminaire, Livre III, 48. 27. The Pervert’s Guide to Cinema, directed by Sophie Fiennes, presented by

Slavoj Žižek (P Guide Ltd., 2006). 28. Kafka, “Cares,” 160. 29. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,” in Samuel

Taylor Coleridge: The Major Works, ed. H. J. Jackson (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), line 533.

30. Kafka, “Cares,” 160. 31. Permission to print this poem was granted by the author. 32. Colin Milburn, Nanovision: Engineering the Future (Durham, N.C.: Duke

University Press, 2008), 83. 33. Banksy, Pier Pressure, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hjIuMx-N7c. 34. Sartre, Being and Nothingness, 609. 35. Shelley, Defence of Poetry, 509–35 (530). 36. Blake, “And Did Those Feet in Ancient Time,” line 13. 37. From the documentary Crude, directed by Joe Berlinger (Entendre Films,

Radical Media, Red Envelope Entertainment, Third Eye Motion Picture, First Run Pictures, 2009).

38. Suzana Sawyer, “The Toxic Matter of Crude: Law, Science, and Indetermi- nacy in Ecuador and Beyond,” lecture, Rice University, November 29, 2012.

39. Francisco Lopez, La Selva (V2_Archief, 1998). 40. Robert Ashley, She Was a Visitor, Automatic Writing (Lovely Music, 1979). 41. John F. Simon, Every Icon (1997), http://numeral.com/eicon.html. 42. I am grateful to Robert Jackson for discussing this with me. See “What the

Hell Is a Hyperobject?,” http://robertjackson.info/index/2010/10/what-the-hell-is- a-hyperobject/.

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http://numeral.com/eicon.html

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218 Notes to “The Age of Asymmetry”

43. See Robert Jackson, “Some Notes on ‘The Art of the Real,’” http://robert jackson.info/index/2010/12/some-notes-on-the-art-of-the-real/.

44. Jarrod Fowler, Percussion Ensemble (Senufo Edition 6, 2011); Jarrod Fowler, P.S. (Leaving Records, 2011), http://leavingrecords.com/releases/lrf010-p-s/.

45. Timothy Morton, sleeve note for Jarrod Fowler, P.S. (Leaving Records, 2011), available for download at http://leavingrecords.com/releases/lrf010-p-s/.

46. Timothy Morton, David Gissen, and Douglas Kahn, roundtable discussion at the conference Materials Objects Environments, NIEA, University of New South Wales, http://ecologywithoutnature.blogspot.com/2011/05/materials-objects-envir onments.html.

47. Lacan, Écrits, 311. 48. The Adventures of Buckaroo Banzai across the Eighth Dimension, directed by

W. D. Richter (20th Century Fox, 1984). 49. Brenda Hillman, “Styrofoam Cup,” from Cascadia (Middletown, Conn.:

Wesleyan University Press, 2001). Reproduced by permission of the author. 50. John Keats, The Complete Poems, ed. Barnard, John, 2nd ed. (London: Pen-

guin, 1987). 51. Comora Tolliver, Pod, http://www.comoratolliver.com/installation.html. 52. JLiat, bravo, 18:45:00.0 28 February 1954 (GMT) Bikini Atoll, http://www

.jliat.com/. 53. Morton, Ecology without Nature, 29–78. 54. Book, Spangler, and Swartz, “Effects of Lifetime Ingestion,” 244–51. 55. Nanako Kurihara, “The Most Remote Thing in the Universe: Critical Analy -

sis of Hijikata Tatsumi’s Butoh Dance” (PhD diss., New York University, 1996). 56. Sondra Fraleigh, Butoh: Metamorphic Dance and Global Alchemy (Urbana:

University of Illinois Press, 2010), 61. 57. Derrida wrote about cinders constantly. Examples are too numerous, but see

Jacques Derrida, Cinders, trans. Ned Lukacher (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2001).

58. Alain Badiou, “Towards a New Concept of Existence,” The Symptom 12 (Fall 2011): http://www.lacan.com/symptom12/?p=116. Morton, Realist Magic, 199–200.

59. Immanuel Kant, Critique of Pure Reason, trans. Werner S. Pluhar (Indi- anapolis: Hackett, 1996), 201, 202, 232–37.

60. John Keats to Richard Woodhouse, October 27, 1818, in John Keats: Selected Letters, ed. Robert Gittings and Jon Mee (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002), 147–48.

61. Edmund Husserl, Logical Investigations, trans. J. N. Findlay, vol. 1 (New York: Routledge, 2008). The entire book is essential for understanding this point, but the “Second Investigation” is particularly pertinent.

62. Harman, Quadruple Object, 7–18. 63. Sophocles, Antigone, ed. Martin D’Ooge (Boston: Ginn, 1888), 52. 64. Martin Heidegger, Introduction to Metaphysics, trans. Gregory Fried and

Richard Polt (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2000), 156–76.

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http://leavingrecords.com/releases/lrf010-p-s/

http://ecologywithoutnature.blogspot.com/2011/05/materials-objects-environments.html

http://www.comoratolliver.com/installation.html

http://www.jliat.com/

http://www.lacan.com/symptom12/?p=116

Notes to “The Age of Asymmetry” 219

65. Stanley Cavell, This New Yet Unapproachable America: Lectures after Emer- son after Wittgenstein (Albuquerque: Living Batch Press, 1989), 86–88; Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Experience,” in Essential Writings, ed. Brooks Atkinson and Mary Oliver (New York: Modern Library, 2000), 307–26 (309). I am grateful to Cary Wolfe for talking about this with me.

66. Martin Heidegger, “Nur noch ein Gott kann uns retten,” interview in Der Spiegel, May 1976, 193–219.

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