Summary of presentations and few points on what i learnt
Akanksha@1212
Hydrotherapypptsat1.pptxHydrotherapy
Submitted by Navjot Kaur
Submitted to Professor Dr Sydney Scott
MADS 6718 V2
Lifestyle modification for community leaders.
Definition of Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy is the external or internal use of water in three different forms such as water, ice and steam to promote health and treatment of various diseases with different temperatures, pressure and duration.
Introduction
Hydrotherapy is one of the type of naturopathic treatment which is widely used in ancient cultures such as China, Egypt and India.
Many countries used water to produce different physiological and therapeutics effects on the different parts of body for the maintenance of health and prevention of diseases.
Pain is reduced by the effects of pressure and temperature of the water on the nerve endings.
It is the type of natural treatment which is also known as aquatic therapy, water therapy and pool therapy.
From the earliest recorded history of water , it has been used to promote healing, and it is used in the management of medical ailments.
Through closed observation and years of trial including scientific methodology and traditions of healing through aquatic treatments have noticed.
Physical Principles of Water
The biological effects of water are related to fundamental principles of hydrodynamics such as
Density
Hydrostatic pressure
Viscosity
Thermodynamics
Buoyancy
Buoyancy is a force which act in opposite direction as to gravity. Increased buoyancy helps to perform more exercise than is on land. Person feel less weight of body part in water as compared to exercises performed on land.
“Hydrostatic pressure is based on ‘Pascal’s Law’. So ‘Fluid will exert pressure on all objects that are submerged into it and this pressure is directly proportional to the depth and density of the water’, meaning pressure is felt on the patient weather they are fully or partially immersed in water”.(willow hydrotherapy)
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Mechanism of Action ( Pain Gate Theory)
According to proponents of hydrotherapy, cold water causes superficial blood vessels to constrict, moving blood flow away from the surface of the body to organs. Hot water causes superficial blood vessels to dilate, activating sweat glands, and removing waste from body tissues.
Alternating hot and cold water is thought to decrease inflammation and stimulate circulation and lymphatic drainage.
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Buoyancy
Pain relief due to the pressure and temperature of water on skin
Water increases a methionine-encephalin plasma level
Immersion
Suppressed plasma B endorphins, corticotropin and prolactin level
Muscle relaxation and reduced joint swelling also play a role. Decrease in local metabolic function, local edema, nerve conduction velocity, muscle spasm, and increase in local anesthetic effects.
Resistance/Temperature
Improvement in muscle strength
Warm water improves mood and tension
Types of Hydrotherapy
Hydrotherapy pool exercises
Contrast hydrotherapy
Warm water bath
Stream Bath( Turkish bath)
Sauna
Compresses, Sitz Bath and Watsu
“Watsu: This is the way of aquatic massage therapy where the therapist uses massage techniques while person is floating comfortably in a warm water. Watsu technique is based on stretching the muscles of the body in warm water. It’s mental aspect has a great importance. The Watsu method has a general relaxation and calming effect that soothes the muscle tension and stimulates all of the body systems and organs by nourishing the energy flow”(physiopedia).
Sitz bath: It involves two adjacent tubs of water of both warm and cold. Person sit in one tub with your feet in the other tub, and then alternate. Sitz baths are recommended for hemorrhoids, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and menstruation problems.
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Applications of Hydrotherapy
In cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.
In respiratory and athletic rehabilitation.
In musculoskeletal rehabilitation.
In athletic training.
In geriatric and osteoporosis rehabilitation
In obesity rehabilitation
In psychiatric rehabilitation.
In Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation.
The increase in cardiac output about 1,500 mL/min in clavicle depth immersion which lead to 50% increased in muscle blood flow.
The immersion level up to neck results in decrease end diastolic pressure.
In Respiratory and Athletic Rehabilitation.
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The effect on the pulmonary system is by immersion of the body to the level of the thorax contributes to movement of blood flow into the chest cavity. This is due to compression of the water on the walls of chest.
It increases the work of breathing and leads to changes in dynamics of breathing.
Respiratory strengthening is important in high level athletic performance.
In musculoskeletal rehabilitation.
There is improvement in joint mobility and reductions in pain in muscles and joint are noticed..
The gentle active or active assisted range of motion exercises in subacute and chronic arthritis conditions also responds to more active exercise regimens.
It improve functional fitness.
In geriatric rehabilitation.
In older community, hydrotherapy under the supervision of therapist improves the coordination and balance.
Therapeutics effects of Hydrotherapy
Relieve pain and muscular spasm
To gain relaxation
To maintain or increase the range of joint movement
To re-educate paralyzed muscles
To strengthen weak muscles and to improve their power and endurance.
To encourage walking and other functional and recreational activities.
To improve circulation ( trophic condition of the skin )
To give the patient encouragement and confidence in carrying out his exercises, thereby improving his morale.
The warmth of water blocks nociception by acting on thermal receptors and mechanoreceptors, thus influencing spinal segmental mechanisms.
Warm water stimulates blood flow positively, which leads to muscle relaxation
the hydrostatic effect may relieve pain by reducing peripheral edema and by dampening the sympathetic nervous system activity.
Contraindications
Hypertensive patients
Inflammation due to acute injuries.
Fever
Pregnancy
Cancer
Skin infection
Decreased sensitivity to hot and cold
Hepatitis
Urinary tract infection
Balance disorder
History of CVA, Epilepsy
Serious Epilepsy
Urinary incontinence
Open Wounds
Recently Surgery
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Conclusion
Hydrotherapy is widely used to maintain well being in individual. It is helpful to improve immunity and reduce pain. It provide different effects on different parts of body according to temperature. It is a type of natural treatment to promote health and better lifestyle in individuals.
