Essay

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Annotated Bibliography

“Malice Domestic: The Cambridge Analytica Dystopia.” ​Computer,​ no. 5, 2018, p. 84.

EBSCOhost​, doi:10.1109/MC.2018.2381135.

The author of this article is ​Hal Berghel, a Fellow in IEEE and ACM, also a computer science

professor from the University of Nevada. The purpose of this article is to try to tell people

companies like cambridge analytica had manipulate the Electorates by used the data

analytics, to control the election. In the content, they uses various methods to manipulate the

electorates, and tells about how they use data analysis to catch users’ psychology and

manipulate it. The audience for this article could be the people who had been psychologically

manipulated, the author used this article to warn them about this. The observation by the

author is the authors conclude that free online services have been used as weapons for dealing

with us. Also, the author has concluded about the future, the Cambridge Analytica would

become less controversy due to the support from the right-wing political; or even the

Cambridge Analytica go out of business, more and more companies will get into this field of

business. With the development of network technology, more and more people are affected

by the information network on the Internet, and it is easier to expose our privacy. Therefore, I

can use this resource in future articles, because it is normal for people like Cambridge to

manipulate us through data analysis. Therefore, I think this article is designed to help people

awake to avoid being affected by malware attackers.

Heawood, Jonathan. “Pseudo-Public Political Speech: Democratic Implications of the

Cambridge Analytica Scandal.” ​Information Polity: The International Journal of

Government & Democracy in the Information Age,​ vol. 23, no. 4, Oct. 2018, pp.

429–434. ​EBSCOhost​, doi:10.3233/IP-180009.

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The author is Jonathan Heawood: Chief Executive Officer, impress, and the director of the

English Centre of International PEN. The purpose of this article is to tell people about the

companies uses users’ personal data to get political benefits by microtargeting. The contents

of this article expressed how Cambridge analytica uses users’ personal data to gain political

benefits. And talks about the harmful of the microtargeting, because the microtargeting might

have false information. The audience is possible audience of this article would be the people

who use Facebook or other social media. The evaluate of the author concluded that

microtargeting is harmful to people because it’s using our personal data without our

permission, it contains false information and blurred the difference between advertising and

other kinds of content. Also, we can’t correct the claim made by other individuals on social

media, so there could be lots of misleading information. I could use this source to express

why micro targets are harmful to us. Because people use false information to seduce us to

achieve some of their unknown purpose.

FULGONI, GIAN M., et al. “The Power of Political Advertising: Lessons for Practitioners.”

Journal of Advertising Research, vol.​ 56, no. 3, Sept. 2016, pp. 239–244. ​EBSCOhost​,

doi:10.2501/JAR-2016-034.

Gian Mark Fulgoni is a British businessman, entrepreneur and market research consultant.

Andrew Lipsman is a former Vice President, Marketing & Insights at comScore, where he

covered multiple industries and oversaw the company’s marketing communications, insights

and thought leadership initiatives. Carol Davidsen is currently co-founder at cir.cl, INC, the

Director of Integration & Media Targeting at Obama for America leasing development efforts

of Narwhal and "The Optimizer". The purpose of the article is to explain how they use the

"The Optimizer" and Narwhal as tools to collect user data and social media responses as data

for analysis and to maximize the benefits for candidates for US presidential campaigns,

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including the 2012 and 2016 campaigns. The content of the article is about Carol Davidsen,

Andrew Lipsman and Gian Fulgoni used real-life examples like the 2012 US presidential

election, how they used "The Optimizer" and Narwhal as tools to collect data from candidate

Obama and candidate Romney to provide commercial advertising advice. The audience is

mainly readers of this article may be people who use social media and interested in politics.

The authors conclude that they can streamline the media data and media of political campaign

advertising to achieve their campaign goals, because in 2010, the Supreme Court of Citizens

decided to allow large amounts of foreign capital to enter the election, so they needed them to

use these statistics to analyze how to make the biggest profit for advertising revenue. My

reflection is since 2012, presidential candidates have been using data analysis as a weapon for

presidential campaigns. Who can better conduct data analysis or market analysis, who may

use advertisements or media to influence voters, but it may lose the original intention of the

election for my point of view, the election support to create the best interests for the people of

the country, not to act according to market demand.

Larson, Eric C., and Carl Vieregger. “Teaching Case Strategic Actions in a Platform Context:

What Should Facebook Do Next?” Journal of Information Systems Education, vol.

30, no. 2, Spring 2019, pp. 97–105. EBSCOhost,

search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bsu&AN=136851147&site=eds-liv

e&scope=site.

The author's name is Eric c. Larson, Ph.D. from the University of Washington, Associate

Professor in Computer Science in the Bobby B. Lyle School of Engineering, Southern

Methodist University. He also is a member of the Darwin Deason Institute for

Cyber-security, and member of the ATT center for virtualization. Carl Vieregger is an

Assistant Professor of Management and researcher at Drake University. Carl’s PhD is in

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Business and Corporate Strategy from Washington University in St. Louis. Before he got his

PhD, he also earned an MBA from Columbia Business School and a B.A. from Northwestern

University. The author’s purpose of this article is to introduce the impact of network effects

by using facebook and Cambridge Analytica to help students or other people interested in the

case include information systems strategies, digital and social media strategies, and

management information systems. This article is for study only and will not involve politics.

In conclusion, the author describes the influence of Facebook and social media, then

describes how Cambridge analysts use them to influence in the European Brexit and Hillary

Clinton and Donald's permission for the 2016 US presidential election.And then explains the

role of Facebook and Cambridge and the consequences and strategies of Facebook after a

user violation. The audience in the article would be the people who use Facebook or other

social media. This article can help me explains in Cambridge Analytica Cause. It tells us that

even if you do manipulate Internet users, the people who are ultimately hurt will still come

together to resist violations of their privacy and manipulation.

Bocetta, Sam. “Have Consumers Already Lost the Online Privacy War?: Sam Bocetta.” ​FEE

Freeman Article​, Foundation for Economic Education, 20 May 2019,

https://fee.org/articles/have-consumers-already-lost-the-online-privacy-war/.

The article author is Sam Bocetta is a former security analyst for the DoD. the purpose of the

article is to tell us as consumers rely more on the internet, more personal privacy is being

threatened. the author trying to convince people should use VPN, Brave browser and long

password to protect their privacy. The content of this article shows that companies like

Google and Facebook have sold user information to governments or other companies.

Therefore, the author uses this article to warn people that our privacy is at risk and everyone

should be aware of this issue. Also, ask us how to avoid revealing our information and how to

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protect our privacy. Possible readers of this article may be people who have been

psychologically manipulated, or who use Facebook or Google. My observation is that it is sad

that most users don't know how to protect and determine the type of data they want to share

or retain, and it's important to know how to protect privacy.

Madrigal, Alexis C. “What Took Facebook So Long?” ​The Atlantic​, Atlantic Media

Company, 18 Mar. 2018,

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/03/facebook-cambridge-analyti

ca/555866/.

Alexis Madrigal graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts degree. (With

excellent results), he is also an associate editor of The Atlantic. The purpose of this article is

to tell people how Facebook uses 30 million US Facebook user data profiles for targeted

political or profit-making advertising. The content of this article expresses how Facebook

uses its personal data to gain political advantage through "Global Science Research". People

already worry about Facebook have manipulates all kinds of information (even thoughts) and

they don't agree to give it to anyone. The audience is possible audience of this article would

be the people who use Facebook or other social media. The author's assessment concludes

that Facebook has developed a method for classifying people based on personal data, which

may exploit advertising revenue or political goals. This article can help me illustration of the

timeline, detailing how Facebook uses data to build a model of Cambridge Analytica to

manipulate Internet users.

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