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HUS1620Chapter61.pptxChapter 6: How to Create an Afterschool Program
From Conception to Implementation
Chapter Focus
Addresses creating an afterschool program from conception to implementation and provides an overview of essential topics to consider when creating a program
Definition of Key Terms
Statistics- A branch of mathematics dealing with the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of masses of numerical data
Population- A population data set contains all members of a specified group (the entire list of possible data values). [Utilizes the count n in formulas.] Example: The population may be "ALL people living in the US.“
Sample Size- A sample data set contains a part, or a subset, of a population. The size of a sample is always less than the size of the population from which it is taken. Example: The sample may be "SOME people living in the US."
Demographic- relating to human populations and the information collected about them, such as their size, growth, ages, and education
Definition of Key Terms
Likert Scale- A Likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term is often used interchangeably with rating scale, although there are other types of rating scales
Definition of Key Terms
Generalizable-Generalizability is applied by researchers in an academic setting. It can be defined as the extension of research findings and conclusions from a study conducted on a sample population to the population at large
Stakeholders- A stakeholder is either an individual, group or organization who is impacted by the outcome of a project
Step 1: Assessing the Situation
Creating and Conducting a Needs Assessment
What is a Needs Assessment ?
A needs assessment is a general evaluation tool that could take the form of individual interviews, surveys, focus groups, town and community meetings, parental organizational meetings, etc.
The needs assessment is the first data tool to be used in the creation of afterschool programs
Needs assessment is a tool that helps identify the voids in services in the community but also the ways in which these voids could possibly be filled by creating a custom-made, afterschool program that will fulfill the needs of all parties involved
The ultimate goal of this assessment is to establish whether or not there is a need to create or establish an afterschool program
When community stakeholders needs are represented in decision making, the sense of ownership sustains the future of the program
Needs Assessment Examples
https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/W9G62Z7
Quantitative vs Qualitative
Quantitative
Conduct summative evaluations
Uses statistical analysis to interpret findings
Quantifies data and generalize results from a sample to the population of interest
To measure the incidence of various views and opinions in a chosen sample
Qualitative
Conduct formative evaluations
Cannot be measured numerically
Describes a category
To gain an understanding of underlying reasons and motivations
To provide insights into the setting of a problem, generating ideas and/or hypotheses for later quantitative research
To uncover prevalent trends in thought and opinion
Quantitative vs Qualitative
Group Activity 1
Although the Internet brings people together via chatrooms, e-mail, etc., it ultimately isolates people from one another because they talk less face-to-face and over the phone.
Step 2: Formation of Committees
Committee Formation
Committees will examine results & establish specific goals for the program
Priorities should reflect the needs of the students, parents, community, school, and other stakeholders
When community stakeholders needs are represented in decision making, the sense of ownership sustains the future of the program
The creation of multiple committees whose main responsibility is making sure that goals are well executed; increases effectiveness of AS program
Committees will clarify goals, make them concrete, and execute them
Examples of Committees: Evaluation & Goal Committees
Subcommittees should be formed to take the task of small goals within each committee
Step 3: Creating Components of AS Program
Creating the Components
Time after school is crucial and a significant time during the day to implement enhance and enrich curriculum presented during the regular school day
Effective school day and aftercare programs are capable of addressing three developmental needs of the whole child: academic, recreational, and cultural
Essential Components
Academic Component ( Text Suggestions)
A carefully planned & executed academic component of an AS program is one way to ensure success, but is not a guaranteed if quality material & well-trained staff are not used
The AS program must decide whether the goal of its academic program is to improve the school-day performance of students with activities tied to school curriculum through enrichment activities OR both
Recreational Component
Offer exposure to multiple organized sports
Students develop social skills & values ( i.e. teamwork, coping strategies, problem solving, good sportsmanship)
What are some examples of recreational activities/ interests?
Essential Components
Cultural Component
Offers students the opportunity to develop important skills that are not usually taught in classrooms ( i.e. etiquette, interviewing skills, knitting, swing, skating, board games)
Afterschool programs that currently implement cultural components in activities offered:
Boy Scouts
Girl Scouts
Big Brothers Big Sisters
Training Service Providers
Vygotsky & Piaget Empirical Research- Significance of meaningful interactions with cognitively stimulating experiences
According to cognitive researchers ( Vygotsky & Piaget), what is the importance of a qualified educator/tutor? Increases students overall curiosity to learn at impressionable ages
What trainings should be implemented for all staff?
Suggested Trainings & Procedures
Teaching staff how to work with children
How to negotiate and adapt to the needs of the children
How to implement the program’s academic, cultural, and recreational components
Training and Procedural manuals issued to all staff (clearly outline rules & regulations)
Per text, staff who do not attend all trainings should not be permitted to work with students
Annual audits should be conducted to ensure staff are complying with policies and procedures of program
Include Families & Children in the Planning
Have an Advisory Board
Impact of Effective Afterschool Program
https://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/afterschool/video/afterschool03.mov
Group Activity 2
What are three policies/rules all Afterschool Programs should have regarding recruitment and attendance?
Chapter Take Home Message
Afterschool Programs are highly diverse in purpose, funding, and quality.
Most of them face a common set of implementation issues (i.e. Who will attend, what to do if student attendance is irregular, how to recruit staff?)
Regardless of aftercare program overall community need or projected goals, if staff members are not properly trained to implement the program well, it is doomed to fail (pg.64)
Questions
