about China and the Modern West history

1

Week 8 (Feb. 25/26/28) The Pacific War and Chinese Civil War

REQUIRED READINGS: Fairbank and Goldman, China, pp. 326-39; Ebrey, Chinese Civilization,

sections 84-85.

(Due to class cancellation in week 2, this weekly schedule of lectures is slightly different

from that in the syllabus)

World War II and Communist Revival (Feb. 25) -For details, see Week 6 lecture outlines: Feb. 25)

Discussion: Westernized Views on China (Feb. 26)

2

The Pacific War, Civil War & CCP’s Victory (Feb. 28)

Yin-Yang Evolution of Modern China and Foreign Powers

1) Relative unity: Late Qing-Early Republic 1839-1916

-Disunity by warlords’ civil wars/Entry in WWI 1916-27

2) Relative unity under GMD regime [with German back] 1927-37

- Disunity by Japanese war & GMD-CCP civil wars 1937-49___

-GMD vs. CCP in WWII

*GMD: Southwest______________

*CCP: Northwest + _____________

-GMD: _____________ dictatorship

*CCP: ______________ dictatorship

-GMD: ______________ fights

*CCP: _______________ warfare

-GMD: Tax/fiscal policies

*CCP: Rural reforms

: Why both GMD and CCP pursued party dictatorship, but the former declined and

the latter succeeded in WWII?

1. Japan, China & the Pacific War

: Why Japan in 1941 didn’t join Nazi Germany’s invasion of USSR

but instead initiated the Pacific War against the US/UK and their allies?

-Japan/Germany/Italy: The Axis Powers

*Anti-Comintern [USSR] Pact

*USSR’s support of GMD/China

*Japan/USSR wars in Zhangguofeng 张果峰战役

In Nomonhan 诺门罕战役 *Germany-USSR Non-aggression Pact

*Japan-Germany-Italy: Tripartite Pact

*Japan-USSR Neutrality Pact

*German attack on USSR

-Japan entered Vietnam

*US-UK-Dutch _________embargo on Japan

*Pearl Harbor attack

-US troops in the Pacific War

*Jiang Jieshi /President Roosevelt/PM Churchill at Cairo Conference

-China’s contributions to the Allied success in WWII____________

-Yalta Conference, Crimea:

*USSR joined the Pacific War for _______

-US/UK/China: Potsdam Declaration

*US atomic attacks on Hiroshima/ Nagasaki

*USSR declared war on Japan

*Japan’s surrender

3

: Why the second US atomic attack on Japan was strategically unnecessary?

2. GMD-CCP postwar rivalry

-US airlifted 100,000 GMD troops

*USSR in Manchuria

*CCP’s People’s Liberation Army中国人民解放军 -Jiang/Mao negotiation for:

*__________ government

*_______ assembly

*_______ army

-GMD’s national election/assembly

*President ___________________

*GMD’s use of ______________

*Officials ___________________

*Fiscal policy:_______________

: Why GMD led Chinese success in anti-Japanese war but then lost popular support?

3. The GMD-CCP Civil War

-GMD: __________ million troops

*CCP ___________ million troops

-GMD’s __________ strategy

*GMD’s occupation of ________

-CCP’s ___________ warfare

*GMD: _______ million troops

*CCP: _______ million troops

-CCP/GMD decisive wars

1) Manchuria campaign 辽沈战役

-CCP Gen. Lin Biao 林彪: _______troops vs. GMD ______ troops

2) Beijing campaign 平津战役 -CCP Gen. Lin Biao: _______troops vs. GMD ______ troops

3) Xuzhou campaign 淮海战役

CCP Deng Xiaoping 邓小平: _______troops vs. GMD ______ troops

-CCP’s seizure of Nanjing 南京

: Why CCP’s military strategies helped its success in its civil war with GMD?