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HIS2113_Lesson4_OpeningAmericanWest.pptxMichigan history
Settling the Northwest Territories
Settling New Lands
The British-American border, established at the Treaty of Paris in 1783, gave Michigan to the United States, although it was still occupied by the British.
How did early American policy in the Northwest territories pave the way for settlement and establish social and economic patterns continuing to the present?
How did the war of 1812 resolve remaining roadblocks to settlement in Michigan?
Setting New Lands
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Settling New Lands
Three sections
3-5 Territories
Path to Statehood
1st stage – power in congress
2nd stage – pop. 5000 – legislature established
3rd stage – pop 60,000 – constitution established
Bill of Rights
Michigan’s Path to Statehood
Michigan established itself after Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. Why?
Still occupied by Indians and French Trappers.
Off the westward route.
William Hull was the first appointed governor of Michigan.
Hull accomplished little, except for a treaty in 1807 Potawatomi, Chippewa, Ottawa, and Wyandot to cede their claim to the Southeast corner of Michigan's lower peninsula.
The War of 1812 with Great Britain made Michigan a strategic location again.
Michigan and War of 1812
A series of failures led to the capture of Detroit by British:
Hull failed to prepare for conflict despite warnings of immanent threats.
Hull invaded Canada, and recruited several Canadians to fight the British, but did not advance.
Hull responded to news of British conquest at Fort Michillimacinac in fear.
On August 16, 1812, Hull surrendered Detroit to British.
Based on testimony from Colonel Lewis Cass, Hull was court marshaled in 1814 for cowardice.
Michigan and War of 1812
Governor William Henry Harrison of Indiana began advancing on British possessions.
“Remember the River Raisin”
The defeat of British in Lake Erie in 1813 choked off their supplies.
Harrison defeated British and Indians in Canada at the Battle of the Thames. Chief Tecumseh died.
Michigan and War of 1812
The War ended with a negotiated peace. In Michigan, this meant:
Hostilities with Indians ended.
Michigan became open for settlement.
American relations with Canada could be developed.
Pathways to Statehood
Lewis Cass
Aggressive Indian Policy
Undermine British influence in region
Scientific Exploration
John Jacob Aster
Immigrant from Germany
American Fur company challenged British North West company, gaining a 95% share of market by 1828.
Erie Canal in 1825
Pathways to Statehood
Dispute over Toledo Strip
The 1787 Ordinance and 1803 Ohio constitution contain conflicting language establishing the Michigan border.
Why Toledo?
Washington, 1835
http://theclementslibrary.blogspot.com/2012/01/today-in-history-michigans-175th.html
