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health_care_status_of_the_hispanic_in_the_us1.pptxName of Student
Institutional Affiliation
Health Care Status of the Hispanic in the U.S.
Hispanic demographics
Health status of Hispanics
Hispanic Health Status Against National Average
Chronic Diseases
Heart Diseases
Cancer
Degenerative diseases
Infant Mortality
Maternal Health
Access to heath Care
Introduction
In discussing the health status of Hispanics, it is important to address vital health care signs in America. Vital signs constitute of demographics, health status, status against national demographics, chronic diseases, infant mortality and maternal health and access to health. The paper will discuss these key issues as it pertains the health of Hispanics in the U.S.
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There are currently 57 million Hispanics in the U.S.
One in six Americans are Hispanic
The largest minority group in the U.S.
There are subgroups within the Hispanic population(Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, 2014).
Hispanic Demographics
The Hispanics represent a significant group in the United States. This is because they make up 57 million of the more than 300 million Americans. What this means is that 1 in every 6 Americans is a Hispanic. They are the largest majority groups in the U.S. 20% lack access to basic health care. This is despite the fact that Hispanics are generally considered healthier that their white counterparts. Chronic illnesses such as diabetes and heart diseases mostly affect U.S. born Hispanics (Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, 2014).
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Lower death rate at 24%
20% of adults lack access to a conventional health.
Leading cause of death cancer and heart diseases.
23% more likely to suffer from obesity
Health Status of Hispanics
Hispanics have lower death rates as compared to non-Hispanic whites. This is despite the fact that they have less access to basic health as explained by Livingston, Minushkin, and Cohn (2014). According to Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2015), the disparity might be attributed to socio-economic factors. The leading cause of death are cancer and heart diseases. However, there exists disparities between U.S. born and non-U.S. born Hispanics. U.S. born have a higher risk to cancer and heart diseases. The groups is also 23% more likely to suffer from obesity than their white counterparts.
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39% obese compared to national 36%
U.S. born are more likely to suffer from obesity, cancer, and heart diseases.
21% lack health insurance as compared to 6% national
Less likely to access health care as compared to other groups.
Hispanic Health Status Against National Average
When compared to national statistics, Hispanics have high obesoty percentage which stands at 39% when compared to the national average of 36%. Obesity is associated with chronic illnesses such as diabetes and heart diseases. However, there exists disparities when one looks at U.S. born Hispanics and immigrant Hispanics (Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, 2014). Statistics also indicate that Hispanics have less access to health care as compared to whites and African Americans. Furthermore, the group has lower access to health insurance at 21% as compared to national averages that stand at 6% (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017).
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Treating chronic illnesses cost $1.5 trillion annually.
Focus directed to Hispanics due to growing population.
Higher prevalence of diabetes and obesity
Poor prevention and management strategies
Chronic Diseases
Treatment and management of chronic illnesses increasingly puts pressure on the U.S health care sector (Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, Hispanics and Chronic Diseases in the U.S, 2008). As a way of dealing with these diseases, the health care sector is icnreasingly focusing on the Hispanic population. This is because projections estimate that by 2035 one in every four Americans will be Hispanic. Among this group, there is high prevalence of diabetes and obesity as compared to other groups (Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, Hispanics and Chronic Diseases in the U.S, 2008).
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Major cause of death for Hispanic Adults.
Affects 33.4% men and 30.7% women.
Prevalence of stroke among adults stands at 2.4%
Coronary heart disease prevalence: 6.7% men, 5.3% women
Heart Diseases
Cardiovascular diseases is also another area of concern when it comes to health indicators for a given group in the U.S (American Heart and Stroke Association, 2013). A close look at statistics indicate that there is a high prevalencen of coronary heart diseases and cardiovascular diseases among Hispanics male as compared to women. Studies also indicate Coronary heart diseases are one of the major causes of death in members of this group (Livingston, Minushkin, & Cohn, Hispanics and Health Care in the United States, 2014).
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Accounts for 22% of death among Hispanics
Liver, stomach, and cervix cancer more prevalent
Lung, Breast, prostrate less common
Nativity affects cancer prevalence
Cancer
Cancer is among the leading causes of death when one looks at chronic diseases. At 22%, cancer is the leading cause of death among the Hispanics according to statistics from American Cancer Society (2016). However, when conpared with whites, Hispanics still less likely to suffer from the disease. Furthermore, Hispanics are also likely to suffer from less common types of cancer associated with infections such as liver, stomach, and cervix cancer. Common types such as lung and prostrate cancer are less common among members of the group.
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Common among Americans more than 65 years of age.
Hispanics develop these diseases at a younger age.
At a higher risk of developing dementia than other groups.
Number of victims could reach 1.3 million by 2050.
Degenerative Diseases
Although the prevalence of degenerative diseases is much lower as compared to other chronic illnesses, they are still a health care concern in the U.S. This is because of the fact that patients need more care because of the incapacitating nature of the illnesses (Belluck, 2008). Statistics indicate that more Hispanics are developing these diseases at a lower age as compared to other groups. In most cases, the diseases affects persons above the ages of 65. However, reports indicate that Hispanics with as low as 59 years of age are developing these diseases (Belluck, 2008).
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High birth rate and low infant mortality rate.
Non-U.S. born have lower rates than U.S. born
Socio-economic status linked to low infant mortality rate.
Positive health behaviors among Hispanic women associated with low mortality rate
Infant Mortality
Infant mortality among Hispanic women presents a surprising trend. It gets even more interesting when one looks at non-U.S. born Hispanics. Statistics indicate that 25% of all child bearing women are from this group (Ross, Choi, Afflick, & Sastry, 2015). When one considers Carlifornia and Texas Hispanics contribute half the child bearing population. Despite the fact that thi group is econimically disadvantaged, infant mortality rates seem to be unusually low (Ross, Choi, Afflick, & Sastry, 2015). However, there is need for more data to study the subgroups within the Hispanic community.
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Maternal health of natives decreases with stay in the U.S.
Mothers have a health advantage
Mortality rate declining
Decline attributed to socio-economic status
Maternal Health
When compared to infant mortality rate, maternal health also presents a unique case. From statistics, there is the indication that children born to native Hispanic women have low infant mortality rates (The Henry J. Kaiser Foundation , 2013). However, with continued stay in the U.S. the rate increases. Disparities exist when subgroups are studied specifically. In essence, there is need for additional research research to ascertain the reasons behind such observations (The Henry J. Kaiser Foundation , 2013).
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Lack of sensitization.
Language barrier cited as one of major reasons
Education level is a challenge
20% lacks access to a health care provider
Access to Health Care
Hispanics represent the largest minority group in the U.S. Access to health care services is considered an important aspect in the provision of health care. Language barrier and accent has been cited as one of the reasons that Hispanics fail to effctively access health care services (Ross, Choi, Afflick, & Sastry, 2015). Education is also a contubting socio-economic factor that accounts for low access to health care services. The fact that 20% lack access to health care providers neccesitates another research to establish the reasons behind such an observation (Belluck, 2008).
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Largest minority group
There are sub groups
Healthier than white counterparts
Population growth exponential
Health status better despite reduced access to health care
Conclusion
American Cancer Society. (2016, November 7). Cancer Facts and Figures for Hispanics and Latinos. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/research/cancer-facts-statistics/hispanics-latinos-facts-figures.html
American Heart and Stroke Association. (2013). Statistical Fact Sheet 2013 Update: Hispanics & Cardiovascular Diseases. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from MedlinePlus: https://medlineplus.gov/hispanicamericanhealth.html
Belluck, P. (2008, October 20). More Alzheimer’s Risk for Hispanics, Studies Find. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/21/us/21alzheimers.html
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015, May 5). Hispanic Health. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Center for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/hispanic-health/index.html
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017, March 31). National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Center for Disease Control and Prevention: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/births.htm
References
Livingston, G., Minushkin, S., & Cohn, D. (2008, August 13). Hispanics and Chronic Diseases in the U.S. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from Pew Research Center: http://www.pewhispanic.org/2008/08/13/ii-hispanics-and-chronic-disease-in-the-u-s/
Livingston, G., Minushkin, S., & Cohn, D. (2014). Hispanics and Health Care in the United States. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from pewhispanic.org: http://www.pewhispanic.org/2008/08/13/hispanics-and-health-care-in-the-united-states-access-information-and-knowledge/
Ross, L., Choi, H., Afflick, E., & Sastry, N. (2015). Immigrant Latino Neighborhoods and Mortality among Infants Born to Mexican-Origin Latina Women. Maternal Child Health Journal , 1354-1363.
The Henry J. Kaiser Foundation . (2013). Infant Mortality Rate (Deaths per 1,000 Live Births) by Race/Ethnicity. Retrieved August 31, 2017, from The Henry J. Kaiser Foundation: http://www.kff.org/other/state-indicator/infant-mortality-rate-by-race-ethnicity/?currentTimeframe=0&sortModel={%22colId%22:%22Location%22,%22sort%22:%22asc%22}
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