Research Paper
bjarls17
Hassan_SOCI404_A2.docxRunning head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 6
Gender, Body Image and the Media
Britney B. Hassan
American Public University System
SOCI 404
31 December 2017
Annotated Bibliography on Gender, Body image and the Media
10 Reviewed Sources
Andersen, M. & Witham, D. H. (2011). Thinking about women: Sociological perspectives on sex and gender (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon
In this book, the author focuses on explaining or covering all facets of socially constructed gender roles and how these roles are shaped by cultural and media influences. This book also focuses on how social institutional factors such as family, education, religion, and economics, all play an instrumental role in the establishment of gender roles.
This book is relevant to my topic of interest because it discusses how gender roles are social constructed from childhood to adulthood and how an individual cultural locality affects certain gender roles and beliefs. The author’s main research findings focused on women, feminism, as well as the barriers and achievements that correlate with the two. This source would compare to my other sources because it focuses on the influential factors that develop gender roles but would contrast because there is a big emphasis on feminism.
Strengths: Covered a broad range of how gender is socially constructed through childhood learning patterns into adulthood.
Weaknesses: A lot of focus was exerted on women, feminist theory and its historical development.
How Social Media Is a Toxic Mirror. (n.d.). Retrieved December 17, 2017, from http://time.com/4459153/social-media-body-image/
This article discusses how the media influences society and has an impact on gender roles. Movies, television, and magazines can negatively influence body image and more than often hinder body confidence in both men and women.
This article is relevant to my topic of interest because it analyzes how social media is a dynamic, influential force, guiding self-perception and social standard. Social media targets mainly teenagers but has an influence across all age brackets; Visual platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat deliver the tools that allow teens to earn approval for their appearance and compare themselves to others (How Social Media Is a Toxic Mirror, 2017). The author’s discussion focused on how the media contributes to body image, self worth, and even the mental state of certain individuals. This source would compare to my other sources because it focuses how social media affects self-perception within society.
Strengths: Very personal and uses real life situations or testimonies from individuals who have dealt with the negative influences that coalesce with social media.
Weaknesses: I would have liked to see how social media positively influences societal body image. Positive influence may be rare but that does not mean that it does not happen.
This article examines the four sociological theoretical perspectives and how these theories are essential in organizing social phenomena.
This article is correlates to my topic because it dives into what a theory is and the four main theoretical perspectives that consummate sociology. The author’s discussion is focused within sociology and how theories attempt to explain why groups of people choose to perform certain actions; how societies function or change in a certain way.
This source would compare to my other sources because it focuses on societal theories and how these theories are the foundation or correlate to societal construction.
Strengths: In depth explanation of the four sociological theoretical perspectives and how these theories coincide with gender, body image, and the media.
Weaknesses: None.
Carmichael, A. C. (Ed.). (2006). Sport and gender identities: masculinities, femininities and sexualities. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy1.apus.edu
This book outlines how gender and sexuality, identifies policy as well as relations; how gender and sexuality are informed and formed by sport.
This particular book associates with my topic because it outlines how sport is an influential social factor on both males and females. This read discusses how sports are dissected into different categories of masculinities, sexualities, and femininities.
This source compares to my other sources because it discusses the changes of sports and how masculinities, sexualities, and femininities have condensed with one another over time.
Strengths: Discusses dominant identities within certain sports and how these identities have been challenged and changed historically.
Weaknesses: None.
Charlebois, J. (2012). The construction of masculinities and femininities in beverly hills, 90210. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy1.apus.edu
This purpose of this book is to outline the representatives of masculinity and femininity in the television show Beverly Hills, 90210.
This particular book equates with my topic because it outlines how sport is an influential social factor on both males and females. The author examines gender and sexuality.
This source compares to my other sources because it examines how dominant forms of masculinity and femininity, hegemonic masculinities, emphasized femininities, and oppositional forms of femininity and masculinity coincide with gender, body image and the media.
Strengths: Dissects gender representation theoretically and methodically.
Weaknesses: None.
This article discusses body image issues and the pressure that is placed on certain members of society to conform to these body standards. This particular article focuses on men and the stressors of living up to societies body image standards.
This article correlates with my topic because it discusses the double standard that is set in place when discussing men and women and body image.
This source compares to my other sources because it examines how the media negatively affects men and their perception of themselves through the media.
Strengths: Focuses on how the media negatively affects men and the double standard of this within today’s society.
Weaknesses: None.
http://www.cnn.com/2017/06/29/health/gender-stereotypes-media-children-partner/index.html
This article discusses how the media can have everlasting effects on children and how these gender stereotypes negatively affect children later on in life.
According to the report, which analyzed more than 150 articles, interviews, books, and other social-scientific research, gender stereotypes in movies and on TV shows are more than persistent; they're incredibly effective at teaching kids what the culture expects of boys and girls (Knorr, 2017).
This source compares to my other sources because it examines the emotional intricacies of both men and women.
Strengths: Breaks down media influential factors by age and makes suggestions on what to do to break the cycle of mentally embedding social standards or norms in adolescents from childhood.
Weaknesses: Instead of focusing solely on age, the article could have shifted on how to mitigate social influences on adolescents of different races, religions, and environmental factors.
Hilliard, R. L. (2000). Media, education and America's counter-culture revolution: lost and found opportunities for media impact on education, gender, race and the arts. Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.ezproxy2.apus.edu
In this article the 1960s and 1970s revolution is discussed and how the media played a role in ending the war during this era.
According to the article, the media was an influential factor in persuading the president, American citizens. The media revealed the need for equal opportunity for the politically, socially, and economically dispossessed. Conversely, the media often regulated and even altered its reporting to avoid fanning any flames that might actually alter the status quo and result in change (Hilliard, 2000).
This source compares to my other sources because it discusses in detail how the media can significantly affect and influence individuals of a society.
Strengths: Goes into detail on how the media can affect the government and detrimental aspects of society such as the United States going to war.
Weaknesses: None.
Culture and Gender Roles in Society. Are Men and Women Equal? (n.d.). Retrieved December 31, 2017, from https://culturematters.com/culture-and-gender-roles-in-society/
This source identifies how different cultures identify with certain gender roles in society.
To simplify it: in high scoring cultures, there seems to be relatively little role overlap; men are supposed to provide for their families, be the head of the family and do manly tasks like taking the garbage out. While in more feminine societies, there is more role overlap; here it is OK if a woman earns more than a man and the “stay at home dad” is more accepted than in masculine societies (Culture and Gender Roles in Society, 2017).
This source compares and contrast with my other sources because it discusses the similarities and differences between global cultural gender roles.
Strengths: Provides images and asks for these images to be examined by the reader for their own interpretation on the meaning of the image regarding gender.
Weaknesses: Would have been nice of a compare/contrast of a certain culture or religion that is significantly different from Americans.
Wolfe, L. (n.d.). Learn About Gender Discrimination in Society, the Biased Based on Sex. Retrieved December 31, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/sex-vs-gender-the-role-society-plays-in-assigning-gender-3515720
This source focuses on gender discrimination and how it affects gender gaps or inconsistencies between men and women.
This article emphasizes that men shouldn’t be the blame for this discrepancies because they are socially construed. Although these male-driven societies revolve around the gender stereotype that men are superior, many of these attitudes stem from religious beliefs, and thousand-year-old culture, traditions, and rituals that even women have been slow to challenge- understandably, out of fear for their own lives, but also out of respect for long-standing values (Wolfe, 2017).
This source compares and contrast with my other sources because it discusses the similarities and differences between gender gaps, financially, and socially.
Strengths: Focuses on how religion plays a factor in gender discrimination.
