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Hassan1.pptxSafety in Manufacturing
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Safety in Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the process that is used to change the raw materials into a finished product.
Adopting safety practices is likely to reduce the chances of accidents
Problems such as workplace accidents, illnesses, and diseases are a big problem in manufacturing.
The figure besides shows accidents
Manufacturing is the process that is used to change the raw materials into a finished product. The process uses machinery and equipment to enhance the speed of manufacturing and the quality of the products. Adopting safety practices is likely to reduce the chances of accidents (Abraham & Rabin, 2019). Problems such as workplace accidents, illnesses, and diseases are a big problem in manufacturing.
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Statistics on Manufacturing
Organizations and companies have put the best safety efforts in manufacturing activities.
In the year 2018, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration levied $50 million in fines to the companies which were violating the safety regulations (Viscusi,n 2018).
In the year 2018, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration levied $50 million in fines to the companies which were violating the safety regulations (Viscusi,n 2018). This is the body that requires that the manufacturing setup is designed in a manner that helps to keep the workers safe. Ensuring a safe work environment is beneficial because it helps to comply with OSHA requirements and at the same time keep the employees motivated and focused on their work.
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Safety Issues in Manufacturing
Hazard communication standard
Respiratory protection
Lockout
Powered industrial trucks
The safety issues in manufacturing includes the hazard communication standard, respiratory protection, lockout and powered industrial trucks. In any given manufacturing industry, it is a requirement that information concerning the different hazardous chemicals is obtained and documented (Oah, Na & Moon, 2018). It is a requirement that the employees are provided with respiratory protection when they are in contact with harmful contaminants.
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Importance of Safety in Manufacturing
Prevents risk at workplace injury
enhances proactive approaches to the safety of their employees.
Help companies to avoid fines, workers' compensation, recovery costs, and damage to reputation
Maintaining safety during the manufacturing process is important because it is a way of preventing the risks of workplace injury. they are important in enhancing proactive approaches to the safety of their employees. With proper compliance, the companies can avoid fines, workers' compensation, recovery costs, and damage to reputation (Wiengarten et al., 2017).
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Consequences of not Adopting Safety Measures in Manufacturing.
Heavy fines and penalties
OSHA publishes the names of the companies that go against the safety measures.
Training a new employee while at the same time taking care of the injured one.
It affects the other employees emotionally and hence making them less prepared to take any risks that can lead to injuries or death
The consequences of assuming safety measures in manufacturing are numerous, some of them include Heavy fines and penalties, OSHA publishes the names of the companies that go against the safety measures, Training a new employee while at the same time taking care of the injured one. Lastly, It affects the other employees emotionally and hence making them less prepared to take any risks that can lead to injuries or death.
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OSHA Safety Requirements
Hazard communication standard
Emergency action plan
Fire prevention plan
Exit routes
Personal fall protection systems
OSHA provides several standards to be implemented in the manufacturing industry to prevent and avoid the occurrence of risks. These procedures must be inspected by a team of experts who ascertain that the company or firm is up-to-date with the standards (Park, Johnson & Hong, 2020). The requirements are: Hazard communication standard, Emergency action plan, Fire prevention plan, Exit routes and Personal fall protection systems.
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Safety and Health Practices in Manufacturing.
Training
Safe work procedures
Consultation
Safety reporting
Managing commitment
Many firms in the manufacturing industry pay attention to the issues of occupational safety and performance because it influences the levels of productivity. However, there is a challenge in meeting and maintaining the established standards (Li et al., 2020). Some of the methods of enhancing safety in the manufacturing workplace include; Training, Safe work procedures, Consultation, Safety reporting and Managing commitment.
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Injury Management at Workplace
Injury management helps to:
- Provide physical as well as psychological and financial support.
To minimize disruptions at the workplace.
Reduce the costs
Injury management refers to the process whereby the employer as well as the medical team provides proper support to an injured employee until they can return to suitable employment. Injury management helps the company to Provide physical as well as psychological and financial support, minimize disruptions at the workplace and finally, reduce the costs.
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Workplace Hazards Contributing to Risk of Injuries
Physical exposure
Psychological exposure
Work organization
Individual factors
Physical exposure refers to the workplace environment or the tools and machine operations that directly pose a risk of injury (Varghese et al., 2020). Psychological exposures are those that are associated with the changing work demands as a result of the economic and social requirements at work. The world in the manufacturing industry has adopted the 24-hour economy. This means that there are shifts to make sure the employees work to enhance their competitiveness in the organization.
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Physical Exposure
Manual handling of materials or finished products
Using highly repetitive motions in short cycles
Maintaining awkward postures especially at the neck and trunk
Working at a height and
Operating a machine.
Some of the physical exposures at the workplace which increase the risk of injury include; Manual handling of materials or finished products, Using highly repetitive motions in short cycles, Maintaining awkward postures especially at the neck and trunk, Working at a height and Operating a machine. The manufacturing company strives to put at bay these exposures to ensure every employee is safe at his/her workplace.
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Psychological Exposures
Increased work intensity
Monotony or doing the same job day-in-day-out.
Pressures to meet the set deadlines.
A huge mental workload.
Isolation from the other employees
According to Varghese et al., there is a direct relationship between stressors and the risk of the employees getting a work-related injury in the workplace (2020). Some of the stressors that can pose a risk include; Increased work intensity, Monotony or doing the same job day-in-day-out, Pressures to meet the set deadlines, A huge mental workload, Isolation from the other employees
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Individual Factors
Gender
Age
Health
In the workplace, individuals have different susceptibilities to workplace injury. According to Schulte et al., the younger workers and those with little educational background are more likely to have accidents as opposed to older and educated ones (2017). The same case applies to novice workers who are likely to forget the safety procedures and hence result in an accident or injury. The individual factors include gender, age and health. The figure above is the illustration of occupational deaths from 2003 to 2018.
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Occupational Safety and Health Practices
Management contribution
Training employees on safety
Involvement of the employees
Safety procedures
Safety promoting policies
Occupational safety and health practices are the policies and the activities as well as procedures that are implemented in an organization to enhance the safety of the employees. In the manufacturing sector, these practices are likely to reduce the chances of accidents happening. The accidents can be prevented by making employees aware of such risks so that they can take precautionary measures (Baker & Palacios, 2020). The components of occupational safety are Management contribution, training employees on safety, involvement of the employees, safety procedures and safety promoting policies.
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Benefits of Occupational Safety and Health Practices
Reduced injuries and fatalities
Enhanced business image
Enhancing investor confidence
The benefits of occupational safety and health practices include reduced injuries and fatalities which translates to minimal possibilities of death or injuries, enhanced business image therefore making it easier for stakeholders to assess the social responsibility of the organization. Occupational safety and health practices also enhance investor’s confidence.
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Types of Hazards in Manufacturing Industry
Noise
Chemical hazards
Airborne hazards
Exposure to the sun
Vibration
When workers are working in the company, they can be exposed to several hazards. Some of them include; Loud noise from the machinery can be a source of hearing impairments to the employees, chemical hazards; The manufacturing industry uses several types of chemicals such as cleaning products, hydraulic oil, disinfectants, and others, airborne hazards including dusts, gases and vapors. Exposure to the sun is a hazard that is common to person who work outside in a direct exposure to sunlight. Vibration from equipment is another hazard to employees.
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Measures to Enhance Safety in Manufacturing
Health safety programs
Personal protective equipment
Safety can be enhanced by putting in place health safety programs and personal protective equipment. Health safety programs are meant to enhance the training of the employees about the use of the machinery and the PPEs. It also incorporates training them on emergency response to enhance their morale and productivity. employees should be provided with PPE such as safety helmets and goggles. This ensures that they are less exposed to the contaminants (Murphy et al., 2018).
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Conclusion
Workplace safety is the priority in the organization.
The employees are supposed to be protected from hazards such as chemical as well as noise.
The main aspect is that manufacturing companies should comply with the established OSHA standards.
Some of the risks that the employees face include injuries and fatalities which can reduce their morale. Some of the causes of injuries include physical exposure where the employees are exposed to numerous risks within the organization
References
Abraham, K. S., & Rabin, R. L. (2019). Automated vehicles and manufacturer responsibility for accidents: a new legal regime for a new era. Va. L. Rev., 105, 127.
Adhikary, P., Keen, S., & Van Teijlingen, E. (2019). Workplace accidents among Nepali male workers in the Middle East and Malaysia: A qualitative study. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 21(5), 1115-1122.
Baker, B. D., & Palacios, K. E. (2020).Occupational Health, Industrial Hazards, Vulnerability Assessment, and Self-Assessment. The Professional Protection Officer (pp. 59-71).Butterworth-Heinemann.
Dollard, M. F., Dormann, C., Tuckey, M. R., &Escartín, J. (2017). Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and enacted PSC for workplace bullying and psychological health problem reduction. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(6), 844-857.
Gembalska-Kwiecień, A., Skotnicka-Zasadzień, B., Wolniak, R., &Bujna, M. (2018).Creating participation of employees in improving work safety in the enterprise. Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering, 1(1), 689-694.
Harsini, A. Z., Ghofranipour, F., Sanaeinasab, H., Shokravi, F. A., Bohle, P., & Matthews, L. R. (2020). Factors associated with unsafe work behaviors in an Iranian petrochemical company: perspectives of workers, supervisors, and safety managers. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1-13.
Kica, J., &Rosenman, K. D. (2018).Multi-source surveillance for work‐related crushing injuries. American journal of industrial medicine, 61(2), 148-156.
Kowalski-McGraw, M., Green-McKenzie, J., Pandalai, S. P., & Schulte, P. A. (2017). Characterizing the interrelationships of prescription opioid and benzodiazepine drugs with worker health and workplace hazards. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine, 59(11), 1114.
Li, Q., Brannen, L., Rasoulkhani, K., Mostafavi, A., Stoa, R., Chowdhury, S., ...&Jaselskis, E. (2020). Regulatory Adaptation in the Construction Industry: Case Study of the OSHA Update to the Respirable Crystalline Silica Standard. Journal of Legal Affairs and Dispute Resolution in Engineering and Construction, 12(4), 06520003.
Loosemore, M., &Malouf, N. (2019).Safety training and positive safety attitude formation in the Australian construction industry. Safety Science, 113, 233-243.
Lucas, D., Fitzgerald, E., Case, S., O'Connor, M., &Syron, L. (2020).Persistent and emerging hazards contributing to work‐related fatalities in Alaska. American Journal of Industrial Medicine.
Murphy, L. A., Robertson, M. M., Huang, Y. H., Jeffries, S., &Dainoff, M. J. (2018).Sociotechnical systems approach to enhance the safety climate in the trucking industry: Development of a methodology. Applied Ergonomics, 66, 82-88.
Nuruzzaman, N., Singh, D., & Gaur, A. S. (2020). Institutional support, hazards, and internationalization of emerging market firms. Global Strategy Journal, 10(2), 361-385.
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Park, S., Johnson, M. D., & Hong, O. (2020).Analysis of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) noise standard violations over 50 years: 1972 to 2019. American Journal of Industrial Medicine.
R. R, M., Vinodkumar, M. N., &Neethu, V. (2017). Modeling the influence of individual and employment factors on musculoskeletal disorders in the fabrication industry. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 27(2), 116-125.
Schulte, P. A., Pana-Cryan, R., Schnorr, T., Schill, A. L., Guerin, R., Felknor, S., & Wagner, G. R. (2017).An approach to assess the burden of work-related injury, disease, and distress. American journal of public health, 107(7), 1051-1057.
