answer the questions in several sentences
stepheny
GSC102Exam2ReviewSheet.docxGSC102: Exam #2 Review Sheet
Geologic Time Scale
1. Correct order of the Eras of the Phanerozoic Eon
2. Correct order of all the Periods of the Paleozoic Era
3. Know which Eon, Era and Period each key event discussed below falls under.
Origin of Life
1. Function of DNA, RNA, and amino acids
2. How life (amino acids) formed?
A) Miller-Urey experiment
B) Panspermia
i) meteorites
ii) Comet
3. How genetic material formed?
A) DNA vs RNA
B) RNA world and evidence
C) Ancient Virus World
4. Who was first life: Achaeans, cyanobacteria or LUCA (evidence for each)
Proterozoic
1. Proterozoic Atmosphere
A) role of cyanobacteria
B) The Great Oxygenation Event
C) Huronian Glaciation/Snowball Earth
i) how was it generated?
ii) how did earth get out of it?
2. Who are the first eukaryotes?
3. Prokaryote vs Eukaryote
A) Differences
B) Theory on how we moved from prokaryotic to eukaryotic
i) Evidence
C) Importance of Eukaryotes in the history of life
4. First craton?
A) Name
B) Where is it located now?
C) The Great Unconformity
5. First supercontinent?
6. Cryogenian Ice Age/Snowball Earth
A) Evidence
B) Cause
C) Why did it end?
7. First Metazoans/Multicellular Life
A) Ediacarian Fauna
B) Possible ways to move from unicellular to multicellular
Taxonomy
1. Taxonomic classifications
A) Correct order: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
B) Difference between domains Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
2. Biological Species Concept and Problems
3. How to read and make a cladogram
Cambrian Explosion
1. Burgess Shale Fauna
A) Significance
B) Pikaia
2. Escalation and coevolution
3. Possible scientists: Gould, Vermeij, Sepkoski
Cambrian Period
1. Cambrian reef builders
A) who are they
B) why are reefs important
2. Trilobites
3. Brachiopods vs Bivalves
A) Differences
B) Importance of Cambrian substrate revolution
4. Chordates
A) Pikaia
B) Jawless fish
Natural Selection and Evolution
1. Importance of sexual reproduction
1. Darwin vs Lamarck (must know)
2. Epigenetics
3. What is required for evolution
A) genetic variation
B) limited resources
C) carrying capacity
D) mate selection
4. Possible scientists: Weismann, Wallace, Malthus, Franklin
5 Mass Extinction Events (we’ll only get to the first two before the exam)
1. Ordovician Mass Extinction Event
2. Devonian Mass Extinction Event
-Causes
-Who went extinct/why
