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LDE299
Group5_Presentation.pptxConnecting with Wearable Technology University of Maryland Global Campus IFSM 304 08 May 2021
Christine Haskell
Anita Woodie
Raiden Redila
Francis john
Conrad Fongoh
Good day! Our presentation is about connecting with wearable technology.
1
What is Wearable Technology
Devices are being created for the convenience of people’s lifestyles. One such type of technology are wearable devices. Examples of wearable technology include smart watches and health monitoring devices. Wearable technology gives consumers innovative ways to monitor their health and manage their lifestyles. These devices can be worn as an accessory or implanted into the body with the capability to capture data about the user and share that data to applications and systems via the internet (Hayes, 2020).
References:
Hayes, A. (2020). What is wearable technology? Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/wearable-technology.asp
What is wearable technology? - Definition from WhatIs.com. (2019). SearchMobileComputing. https://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/wearable-technology
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Smart Watches
Fitness Trackers
AI Hearing Aids
AR Headsets
Smart Clothing (What is wearable technology?, 2019)
Introduction To Wearable Device
Wearable technology generates a vast amount of data
Smartwatches, smart glasses, smart jewelry, body-mounted sensors, and fitness trackers are wearable technology
Data involves GPS tracking, step counters, Blood-Oxygen level
The data becomes vulnerable to the risk of getting into the wrong hands
The technology has vital privacy issues
Fast internet speed gives rise to the use of wearable devices
Wearable as one of the Internet of Things' advancements focuses on the generation of GPS tracking, step counters, Blood-Oxygen level data. These devices play a crucial role in collecting and storing sensitive data in various sectors such as healthcare, security, intelligence, and business in an efficient and effective approach. The commonly used devices are Smartwatches, glasses, jewelry, body-mounted sensors, and fitness trackers (Ray et al., 2016). However, the storage of these sensitive data poses increased risks of getting into unauthorized persons. Thus, privacy concerns with wearable technology remain core to the storage and retrieval of the data. The improvements in Internet speed have increased the reliance on wearable devices.
References:
Ray, S., Park, J., & Bhunia, S. (2016). Wearables, implants, and internet of things: the technology needs in the evolving landscape. IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems, 2(2), 123-128. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMSCS.2016.2553026
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Benefits of wearable technology
Encourages healthy weight-loss goals.
Collecting and storing data
Sending and receiving calls
Connects to smart devices.
Connect to the phone, tablet, or computer.
Convenience of a multifunctional watch.
Collects data on users’ overall health.
Used as a fitness tracker for athletes.
Gathered data about employee activities.
Manage productivity and improve performance.
Before wearables, it was possible to obtain a lot of the information listed above, but it was sometimes a hassle and required devices that weren't always convenient. Wearables are connected to our smart devices, transmitting this information to them and allowing us to view it at later times, as well as in the moment. This can help you with setting goals and tracking your progress toward them. Wearable technology gives consumers innovative ways to monitor their health and manage their lifestyles. These devices can be worn as an accessory or implanted into the body with the capability to capture data about the user and share that data to applications and systems via the internet. Wearable devices allow consumers to track and monitor various personal activity and connect these devices to other applications and systems via the internet (Maltseva, 2020).
Wearable devices are usually designed as accessories that are capable of tracking activities, monitoring health, or sending and receiving calls and messages. These devices can also connect to other smart devices such as a mobile phone or a computer in order to send and receive data. The benefits of wearable technology vary depending on the device. Smartwatch users, for example, benefit from the convenience of a hands-free multifunctional watch that has nearly the same capabilities of a smartphone. Other wearable devices are designed to monitor a clinical patient’s health by collecting and sending data to health information systems. Data such as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen consumption help not only the patient to manage their health, but also health workers to provide the proper care.
References:
Maltseva, K. (2020). Wearables in the workplace: The brave new world of employee engagement. Business Horizons, 63(4), 493–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.03.007
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Privacy Concerns With Wearable Technology
Compromising collected data
Heterogeneity nature of the data collected and stored in wearable devices
Data abstraction and pooling
Surveillance of individuals and their behaviors using wearable devices
Masquerading attacks (malicious access) and memory constraints
Replay attacks
Some privacy concerns associated with wearable devices include compromised data that is collected and stored, data abstraction due to device limitations, and using data for surveillance (Ometov et al., 2016).
There are also concerns for cyber attacks when using wearable devices, since they connect to the internet and other smart devices, many times for data storage (Wu et al., 2017).
References:
Ometov, A., Bezzateev, S. V., Kannisto, J., Harju, J., Andreev, S., & Koucheryavy, Y. (2016). Facilitating the delegation of use for private devices in the era of the internet of wearable things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 4(4), 843-854 . https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2016.2593898
Wu, F., Li, X., Xu, L., Kumari, S., Karuppiah, M., & Shen, J. (2017). A lightweight and privacy-preserving mutual authentication scheme for wearable devices assisted by cloud server. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 63, 168-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2017.04.012
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Privacy Concerns with Wearable Technology
Consumers consent to vague "terms of use"
Personal data is shared with third-parties
Laws regulating how data is shared and to whom
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
Wearables gather a new class of sensitive data about people: not only who they are, what they do, and who they know, but also how healthy they are, what movements they make, and how well they feel (Britton, n.d.). Heart rate monitors can provide insight into people’s excitement and stress levels. Many users unknowingly consent to the collection and sharing of this type of data because of vague terms of use. Oftentimes, the terms of use does not specify what is being shared, whom it's being shared with, or why. With clinical wearable devices, this poses an ethical concern because of regulations that govern protected health information (PHI).
References:
Britton, K. (n.d.). IoT Big Data: Consumer Wearables, Data Privacy and Security. American Bar Association. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/intellectual_property_law/publications/landslide/2015-16/november-december/IoT-Big-Data-Consumer-Wearables-Data-Privacy-Security/
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Cybersecurity Risks of Wearable Technology
Vulnerabilities:
Authentication and encryption
Insecure wireless connectivity
Lack of mobile device management (MDM)
Attacks:
Man-in-the-middle
Rogue access points
Malware
Like all forms of technology, wearable devices are vulnerable to cyber attacks. Major vulnerabilities with wearable devices include lack of authentication and encryption mechanisms, insecure wireless connectivity, and lack of mobile device management (Drolet, 2016). Wearable devices are fairly new and many do not support the latest and most secure authentication and encryption protocols. These devices are also designed to connect to other smart devices through insecure methods such as Bluetooth, NFC, or ad hoc wifi. Lastly, mobile device management solutions have yet to begin including wearable devices, making them vulnerable within organizations.
These vulnerabilities could lead to attacks such as man-in-the-middle attacks, rogue access points, and malware infection (Ching & Singh, 2016). Because wearable devices connect to other devices wirelessly, attackers can insert themselves between the wireless traffic to see the data being passed along, especially if the data is unencrypted. Additionally, wearable devices can potentially connect to malicious wireless access points (or rogue access points), allowing an attacker to access the device. Just like computers and mobile devices, wearable devices are also prone to being infected by malware.
References:
Ching, K. W., & Singh, M. M. (2016). Wearable technology devices security and privacy vulnerability analysis. International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications, 8(3), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijnsa.2016.8302
Drolet, M. (2019). 7 potential security concerns for wearables. CSO. https://www.csoonline.com/article/3054584/7-potential-security-concerns-for-wearables.html
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Cybersecurity Risks of Wearable Technology
The vulnerabilities associated with wearable devices can lead to potential cyber attacks. Considering the nature of what these devices are used for, repurcussions could be detrimental. The security and privacy of the data that is collected and shared would be compromised. Your personal data is no longer private or confidential. An attacker can also change data in transit to other devices resulting in loss of integrity. This could be dangerous especially with medical-related wearable devices. An attacker could also steal your data such as PHI or even hit the device with ransomware causing your data to no longer be available.
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What it means for your data:
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Summary
Privacy issue with wearable technology has become a crucial concern in which the use of distributed and scalable clouds has made it hard to keep centralized data. The scattered one in wearable devices raises privacy issues. These data can only get utilized, shared, and transmitted to the third party only if there is formal consent obtained from the data user or owners. Mostly, third-party data owners fail to comply with the international privacy policies as they distribute or publish wearable data. Overall, wearable technology has inbuilt data breaches due to incomplete design models. These privacy concerns with wearable technology leads to increased fears of adopting wearable technology in healthcare, military, and aviation fields where sensitive data is stored.
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Data privacy remains as a critical concern
Distributed and scalable clouds threaten data privacy
Scattered data is vulnerable to privacy problems
Data sharing and transmission require enhanced privacy
References
Britton, K. (n.d.). IoT Big Data: Consumer Wearables, Data Privacy and Security. American Bar Association. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/intellectual_property_law/publications/landslide/2015-16/november-december/IoT-Big-Data-Consumer-Wearables-Data-Privacy-Security/
Drolet, M. (2019). 7 potential security concerns for wearables. CSO. https://www.csoonline.com/article/3054584/7-potential-security-concerns-for-wearables.html
Hayes, A. (2020). What is wearable technology? Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/wearable-technology.asp
Maltseva, K. (2020). Wearables in the workplace: The brave new world of employee engagement. Business Horizons, 63(4), 493–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2020.03.007
References
Ometov, A., Bezzateev, S. V., Kannisto, J., Harju, J., Andreev, S., & Koucheryavy, Y. (2016). Facilitating the delegation of use for private devices in the era of the internet of wearable things. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 4(4), 843-854 . https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2016.2593898
Ray, S., Park, J., & Bhunia, S. (2016). Wearables, implants, and internet of things: the technology needs in the evolving landscape. IEEE Transactions on Multi-Scale Computing Systems, 2(2), 123-128. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMSCS.2016.2553026
What is wearable technology? - Definition from WhatIs.com. (2019). SearchMobileComputing. https://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/wearable-technology
Wu, F., Li, X., Xu, L., Kumari, S., Karuppiah, M., & Shen, J. (2017). A lightweight and privacy-preserving mutual authentication scheme for wearable devices assisted by cloud server. Computers & Electrical Engineering, 63, 168-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2017.04.012
