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GasAbsorptionAssignment.doc

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SUBJECT: Removal of CO2 from Air in a Packed Tower

A local landfill is planning to install a new packed tower to process a 250 SCFM landfill gas stream that contains about 1.0% hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide needs to be scrubbed from the gas stream to allow its use in a solid-oxide fuel cell. They are considering 0.05N aqueous NaOH as their scrubbing solution and have requested our assistance to perform empirical and predictive analyses using a 0.5% CO2 in air mixture to model the proposed system. Your assignment is to use the pilot-scale gas absorption unit in the Unit Operations Laboratory to investigate the influence of solution and gas flow rates on column performance and use that information to inform a scale-up design. The packed tower has a 4-ft packed section with ½-inch Raschig rings.

The pilot column has CO2 probes that measure the inlet and outlet concentrations. Historically, they have had reliability issues, so be sure to study the relevant documentation to understand their operation. The SOP includes gas and liquid rotometer calibrations. Planning, preparation, and understanding theoretical underpinnings are critical.

Your team is asked to provide:

1. Theoretical and literature analysis to predict results when using a NaOH scrubbing solution at the pilot scale, e.g. mass transfer area, mass transfer coefficients, flux, etc. (be sure to consider equilibrium conditions, e.g. y* and rate limiting diffusion steps for the case of reaction in the liquid phase)

2. The dependence of the overall mass transfer coefficient for CO2 on the liquid and gas superficial molar velocities

3. The dependence of outlet gas composition on the liquid and gas superficial molar velocities

4. Limited investigation of the role of NaOH on resistance to mass transfer, e.g. process performance using only water. We suggest that you make one or two runs with water and compare and briefly report on percent removal at the same liquid and gas flowrates.

5. Proposed design parameters for a packed column capable of treating the landfill gas stream described above using an NaOH scrubbing solution, with predicted contaminant gas concentrations at the outlet, and definition of the adequate operational envelope to ensure safe operation of the column, including a prediction of flooding point flow rates at extremes of gas/solvent flows

CHE 415 School of CBEE Oregon State University