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Burkhardt, B. C. (2019). Does the public sector respond to private competition? An analysis of privatization and prison performance . Journal of Crime and Justice, 42(2), 201-220 . This article gives a competitive differentiation on the performance of public vs private prison sectors being established. This article is an excellent support to my study because it highlights the importance of profit and gives various reasons as to why the for-profit corporations should be allowed to run the US prisons. However, it also emphasizes on the importance of public prisons and how have they been performing better on the rights of prisoners compared to private prisons. Additionally, this article also collects important data on prison performance through a survey based on four main elements safety, order, activity, and conditions. Supplemental analysis reveals this finding to be like a robust to most modifications to the sample as well as to the model. (Peer Reviewed Journal Article in Journal of Crime and Justice) Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance
Carrie, A . (2017). The Demoralization of the US Judicial System Through the Promotion of Private Prison Industries . FAU Undergraduate Law Journal, 1, 91 . This article focuses on the fact that how has been privatization of prisons being a negative aspect towards the US judicial system. It gives various reasons as to why these prisons should not be established and maintained. This is mainly due to the racism observed severely against the blacks, lack of proper boarding and lodging facilities, quite low standards for food and medication, strict labor working policies, and mainly leads to a mass incarnation. Although, this paper also suggests that savings for one year in the Department of Corrections expenditures for public prisons could be approximately $13 to $15 million yet the private prisons do not seem to be a suitable option. This research is quite focused towards my research too as it highlights the important reasons as to why the private prisons should not come into existence and why for profit organizations cannot handle the prison management system. (Peer reviewed journal article in the Undergraduate Law Journal) Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Caroline_Heldman/publication/304104268_Hidden_corporate_profits_in_the_US_prison_system_the_unorthodox_policy-making_of_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council/links/5a317661458515afb65f28bc/Hidden-corporate-profits-in-the-US-prison-system-the-unorthodox-policy-making-of-the-American-Legislative-Exchange-Council.pdf Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12
Cooper, R ., Heldman, C., Ackerman, A. R., & Farrar-Meyers, V. A. (2016). Hidden corporate profits in the US prison system: the unorthodox policy-making of the American Legislative Exchange Council . Contemporary Justice Review, 19(3), 380-400 . Cooper takes a negative shot on the prison system in the US by providing various examples of hidden profits that are being generated at the lives of many prisoners. Cooper highlights the fact that the American Legislative Exchange Council is trying to raise more number of private prisons by promoting the use of goods and services provided by the prisoners, promoting the use of prison labor, and increasing the number of prison inmates. Primarily, this factor suggests that the rules and regulations might get strict and many people might be put to prison unfairly so as to have a higher prison labor. This paper is quite relevant to my research for the fact that it uses a leaked document containing important bills which have been passed regarding privatization of prisons and how could that improve the profits. The author has highlighted various qualitative factors and it is also one of the most recent articles. (Peer Reviewed Journal Article in Contemporary Justice Review) Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Caroline_Heldman/publication/304104268_Hidden_corporate_profits_in_the_US_prison_system_the_unorthodox_policy-making_of_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council/links/5a317661458515afb65f28bc/Hidden-corporate-profits-in-the-US-prison-system-the-unorthodox-policy-making-of-the-American-Legislative-Exchange-Council.pdf https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10282580.2016.1185949 Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Caroline_Heldman/publication/304104268_Hidden_corporate_profits_in_the_US_prison_system_the_unorthodox_policy-making_of_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council/links/5a317661458515afb65f28bc/Hidden-corporate-profits-in-the-US-prison-system-the-unorthodox-policy-making-of-the-American-Legislative-Exchange-Council.pdf Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Caroline_Heldman/publication/304104268_Hidden_corporate_profits_in_the_US_prison_system_the_unorthodox_policy-making_of_the_American_Legislative_Exchange_Council/links/5a317661458515afb65f28bc/Hidden-corporate-profits-in-the-US-prison-system-the-unorthodox-policy-making-of-the-American-Legislative-Exchange-Council.pdf https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10282580.2016.1185949 Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12
Gaes, G . G. (2019). Current status of prison privatization research on American prisons and jails . Criminology & Public Policy, 18(2), 269-293. This is an excellent paper towards my research because it has been published in 2019 and provides with the most recent impact of private prisons on the American economy. This paper also focuses on criminal justice and various elements in prison which are being violated by these private prisons. It represents a true picture of the prisons at the American economy. However, this paper also provides a positive aspect by claiming that states with increases in prison privatization have lower public‐sector costs, this may be a result of strong cost controls, not of their level of privatization. A strong aspect of this research paper is the fact that it focuses on the empirical data as well as policy implications. (Article in an Encyclopedia on an Online Website) Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333054042_Current_status_of_prison_privatization_research_on_American_prisons_and_jails https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326754910_Does_the_public_sector_respond_to_private_competition_An_analysis_of_privatization_and_prison_performance Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12
Haney, C . (2015). Prison overcrowding. American Psychological Association. The book written by Haney focuses primarily on the element of overcrowding and how has it been a problem for prisoners which are not being given proper rights. The book also focuses on the implications of prison overcrowding and how this is leading to more for-profit firms taking over new prisons and focusing on lower running costs to gain maximum advantage. The book will be an excellent value towards my research as it significantly emphasizes on the different types of drawbacks that are arising from prison overcrowding and how this is leading to more for-profit firms taking over the prison system. However, this book does not give a definite solution to the problem regarding more privatization. Overall, it is clearly written and highly detailed which would help me in my research. (Book) Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: Your PlagScan document "Annoted bibliography.docx" dated 2019-10-12
Khey, D. N. (2015). Privatization of prison. The Encyclopedia of Crime and Punishment, 1-8. This important article significantly claims regarding the alarming rise in the number of private prisons as well as the organizations that are running them. Infact, it is becoming such an industry where multiple firms are competing against each other due to excessive privatization. As a result, many prisoners are suffering in terms of healthcare and basic facilities. The author highlights various financial figures regarding the operational costs as well as the profits being generated by all these prisons. This paper will help me in my research because it will highlight the various pros and cons of having private prisons which generate massive profits. This article will explain the impact of private profits on an economy as well as the inmates. However, one weakness regarding this article is the fact that it does not clearly give an answer to the research problem whether there should be more prisons under private ownership or not. (Article from an Academic Website)
Schultz, C. (2015). Prison Privatization: Driving Influences and Performance Evaluation. Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 3(1), 5. This important research article not only focuses on private prisons but also highlights their performance over the past 10 years. Schultz suggested that the work of making money from different types of bodies gets in direct conflict with the justice system being practiced in the United States. In order to have economical forces and political forces in line, different types of policy measures can be taken but bringing the prison-industrial complex is not essential. This paper suggests that prison privatization must be reformed or abolished to improve the corrections system in the United States. This is important towards my research as it gives a wider perspective on why should the for-profit organizations not be made responsible to run these prisons. (Peer Reviewed Journal Article in the Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science)
Simon, M. (2019). New York Could Become First State To Be Completely Done With Private Prisons. Retrieved 11 October 2019, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/morgansimon/2019/06/18/new-york-to-become-first-state-to-be-completely-done-with-private-prisons / . According to Forbes, the state of New York is going to soon diminish all types of private prisons due to the extreme resistance being seen by the members of the various social groups as well as public citizens. In the last year, there have been more than 30 protests against the concept of private prisons due to the horrifying treatment of the inmates living there. The term “People over Profit” has been quite viral too. This article is extremely important for my research because it provides me with an aspect of one of the biggest cities of the United States and what more implications does it bring with the decision to completely end the private prisons. (Article from a well renowned, authentic, magazine website)
Wassenaar, M., Gradus, R., & Molleman, T. (2018). Are nonprofit prisons an alternative? Some experiences in the Netherlands. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 28(4), 529-537. This is a good research article for my research because it gives a broader perspective by taking into account the prison culture being followed at Netherlands. This research article has a detailed concept regarding the other side of the topic which is how effective could be the non-profit prisons rather than the profit-making prisons. Considering the alternative is very useful since it gives a wider scope towards the study. The research article is based on actual experiences from nonprofit prisons in the Netherlands. A strong point regarding this research is that it is recent but a drawback for this article is that it does not directly relate to the topic rather it gives an indirect approach towards a qualitative analysis. (Peer Reviewed Journal Article in Nonprofit Management and Leadership)
Wood, P. J. (2007). Globalization and Prison Privatization: Why Are Most of the World's For-Profit Adult Prisons to Be Found in the American South ?. International Political Sociology, 1(3 ), 222-239. Wood focuses on the point as to why most of the prisons in the world are being privatized. A strong point regarding the research paper is the fact that it has focus on various theories like political economy, overcrowding, as well as the globalization theory. Wood suggests that there is no clear theoretical mapping which means there is no definite answer to the research problem involved and it becomes quite subjective. This study can be useful for my research because it provides a detailed aspect on the South American prisons and how one of the biggest economies of the world is using turning prisons as a privately managed institution for profits. It will help me in analyzing the various reasons that have been pointed out by the author on his claims. It is a well written article although it is approximately 12 years old. (Peer Reviewed Journal Article in International Political Sociology) Comment by PlagScan: Possible sources: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_labour https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227657490_Globalization_and_Prison_Privatization_Why_Are_Most_of_the_World's_For-Profit_Adult_Prisons_to_Be_Found_in_the_American_South Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227657490_Globalization_and_Prison_Privatization_Why_Are_Most_of_the_World's_For-Profit_Adult_Prisons_to_Be_Found_in_the_American_South Comment by PlagScan: Possible source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227657490_Globalization_and_Prison_Privatization_Why_Are_Most_of_the_World's_For-Profit_Adult_Prisons_to_Be_Found_in_the_American_South
