Paper

Running Head: PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICE: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICE: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4

Primary health care services: Annotated Bibliography

Student’s Name:

Institution Affiliation:

Statistical Tools to Analyses Frequent ED users

Chiu, Y., Racine-Hemming’s, F., Dufour, I., Vanasse, A., Chouinard, M. C., Bisson, M., & Hudon, C. (2019). Statistical tools used for analyses of frequent users of the emergency department: a scoping review. BMJ Open, 9(5), e027750.

The research paper asserts that frequent users represent a small number of emergency department users however, these patients account for a large number of facility visits compared to the other population. Their utilization of ED is always conceded suboptimal. It would have been better if they were identified earlier and treated. This not only reduces crowding but also improves the efficiency and quality of care. The paper looks at how their characteristics can be identified and predict their emergency department use. Adequate statistical tools are required to carry out this function.

Utilization of Primary Care Centers

Alfaqeeh, G., Cook, E. J., Randhawa, G., & Ali, N. (2017). Access and utilization of primary health care services comparing urban and rural areas of Riyadh Providence, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. BMC health services research, 17(1), 106.

The research paper expounds more about access and utilization of PHCs between the rural and urban populations in Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the study examines utilization and experiences, in other areas of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paper also focuses on the barrier that results in inaccessibility of primary healthcare services among the Saudis population. Some of the barriers include shortages of the healthcare workforce, distance from a rural area to the urban centers in search of services and the presence of a few primary healthcare centers resulting in congestions and overcrowding. The research paper focuses on giving relevant data to policymakers to provide efficient care services to the population of Saudi Arabia.

Alghanim, S. A., & Alomar, B. A. (2015). Frequent use of emergency departments in Saudi public hospitals: implications for primary health care services. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27(2), NP2521-NP2530.

The research paper focuses on determining reasons, factors as well as prevalence related that the public emergency department in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study also uses questionnaires to gather information from the adult patient concerning the Accessibility, demographic characteristics among other primary healthcare issues. According to the research paper, thirty percent of the visitors were seen as the frequent users’ of the emergency departments. A patient who was suffering from chronic illness were more likely to frequent IN the emergency department compared to other population. The study also asserts that those patients who were referred to as frequent users made numerous or multiple visits to the other healthcare facilities. Thus policymakers should come up with healthcare decisions that reduce the burden of frequenting emergency departments.

Trivedi, R. B., Post, E. P., Sun, H., Pomerantz, A., Saxon, A. J., Piette, J. D., ... & Nelson, K. (2015). Prevalence, comorbidity, and prognosis of mental health among US veterans. American journal of public health, 105(12), 2564-2569.

The research paper evaluate the association of mental diseases with clinical outcome among the American veterans and examine the impact of primary care-mental health integration. Further the paper concludes that mental illness is related to the poor outcomes however mental health treatment in primary care is related to the lower risk of those outcomes. Besides integration of mental health assessment management and treatment of primary care setting disparities and fragmentation continue to exist among specific regions and population. Through VHA, PCMHI has been implemented to improve detection and screening of mental illness.

Abuhammad, S., & Dalky, H. (2019). Ethical Implications of Mental Health Stigma: Primary Health Care Providers’ Perspectives. Global Journal of Health Science, 11(12).

Stigma toward people suffering from mental health is not only widespread in developing world but developed countries as well. More so, veterans are expected by the society to remain story and as such they will not look for treatment due to stigma in the society. Stigma is not restricted to the specific population but professional health care providers play a key role as well. The research from developing countries is scarce as the purpose of the research paper is to explore healthcare provider’s attitude towards mental illness in primary care settings.