EXAM

BCH 341 Instructor: Matthias Heyden

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Useful Information

Units and Constants: Gas constant R = 8.3145 J/(mol K) Avogadro’s constant NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol-1 Boltzmann’s constant kB = R/NA electron charge e = 1.602 x 10-19 C Faraday’s constant F = e NA=96485 C Dielectric permittivity (vacuum) 𝜖T = 8.854 𝑥 10VWX

YZ [Z

\] ^Z

Dielectric constant of water (& aqueous solutions) (approximately) 𝜀d ≈ 80 1 cal = 4.184 J 1 bar = 1 x 105 Pa 1 atm = 1.013 bar 0°C = 273.15 K 1 L = 10-3 m3 Thermodynamic properties of water Liquid Density [kg/m3] H2O (l) at 0°C 999.8 H2O (l) at 20°C 998.2 H2O (l) at 40°C 992.2 H2O (l) at 60°C 983.2 H2O (l) at 80°C 971.8 H2O (l) at 100°C 958.3 Heat capacity 𝑪𝑷,𝒎 [J/(mol K] H2O(s) 38.0 H2O (l) at 0°C 76.01 H2O (l) at 20°C 75.38 H2O (l) at 40°C 75.29 H2O (l) at 60°C 75.39 H2O (l) at 80°C 75.61 H2O (l) at 100°C 75.95 H2O (g) 36.5 Molar enthalpy of fusion / melting Water at 0.0°C ∆wx[𝐻T℃

⊖ = 6007 J/mol Molar enthalpy of vaporization Water at 99.6°C ∆|}~𝐻��.�℃

⊖ = 40657 J/mol

Standard enthalpies of formation at 298 K ∆𝐟𝑯⊖ [kJ/mol] H2O(l) -285.83 H2O(g) -241.82 CO2(g) -393.51 C2H4(g) +52.47 C6H12O6(s) (glucose) -1274.4 H3COH(l) -238.57 NH3(g) -46.11 C5H10N2O3(s) -826.42 Entropies at 298 K 𝑺⊖ [J/(K mol)] C(s)(graphite) 5.74 H2(g) 130.79 N2 (g) 191.72 O2 (g) 205.25 H2O(l) 69.91 H2O(g) 188.93 CO2(g) 213.85 C2H4(g) 219.32 C6H12O6(s) (glucose) 212.1 H3COH(l) 126.8 NH3(g) 192.56 C5H10N2O3(s) 195.05 Atomic Masses Hydrogen: 1.008 g/mol Carbon: 12.011 g/mol Nitrogen: 14.007 g/mol Oxygen: 15.999 g/mol (see tables for more)

BCH 341 Instructor: Matthias Heyden

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∆𝐺 = ∆𝐻 − 𝑇∆𝑆

∆d𝐻 = �𝑐 ∙ Δ�𝐻� + 𝑑 ∙ Δ�𝐻�� − (𝑎 ∙ Δ�𝐻� + 𝑏 ∙ Δ�𝐻�) ∆d𝑆 = �𝑐 ∙ 𝑆�,� + 𝑑 ∙ 𝑆�,�� − �𝑎 ∙ 𝑆�,� + 𝑏 ∙ 𝑆�,�� ∆d𝐺 = �𝑐 ∙ Δ�𝐺� + 𝑑 ∙ Δ�𝐺�� − (𝑎 ∙ Δ�𝐺� + 𝑏 ∙ Δ�𝐺�)