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FINAL PAPER INSTRUCTIONS

Final Research Paper The Research Paper assignment is divided into two parts: the overall assignment is to write an argumentative essay on a topic in one of the areas of philosophy we have studied in the course. The paper should be @ 1700-2000 words, that is, about 4-6 double-spaced, typewritten pages (longer is not necessarily better); it must follow the strategy of either a position paper or a comparative essay and must cite at least four of the 5 course Required Readings (by different philosophers) as sources.

Your Final Paper assignment has two parts: Part I: Title, Introductory Paragraph, Thesis statement, Outline of Paper, and List of Possible Sources

Part II: Finished final draft of the paper. Use proper MLA, APA, or CMS style and documentation guidelines; choose whichever style you know best. Remember that any words, phrases, or passages that are directly copied from another author or source must be in quotation marks. If you are paraphrasing the words, ideas, or arguments of author authors, you do not need quotation marks, but you must still cite the author or source in the body of the text. Simply including a citation at the end of a long passage or at the end of the paper is not sufficient. Please note: Failure to cite sources constitutes plagiarism, the consequences of which are serious. If in doubt, cite!

· Your paper must cite the work of at least four philosophers studied during the course; there is no upper limit on the number of sources you may use.R

REFERENCES TO USE (PLEASE SEE THE ATTACHMENTS)

Russell, 

The Problems of Philosophy  : Chapters I-IV [ Russell, Bertrand.The Problems of Philosophy, pp. 5-24]. The entire work can be found online here:  Bertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy.

Study Guide [supplemental reading]: SparkNotes on Russell's Problems of Philosophy

Chapter I  ; 

Chapter II  ;

Chapter III  ;

· Plato, Republic, Book IV, §437b-441e; Books VI-VII, §509d-521a [Excerpts can be found here: 

Plato,  Dialogues,  vol. 3  : Bk. IV, pp. 272-278; Bk. VII, pp. 351-360; and also here: 

Plato:  Complete Works  , Ed. John M. Cooper, Bk.IV, pp. 1099/1068-1104/1073; Bk. VII, pp. 1161/1130-1169/1138.  [Please note that the three items below are for further study but not required reading.]

. For further study and comparison, read this concise and annotated contemporary translation of the 

Allegory of the Cave from Book VII of the Republic  .

. For further study, read this brief 

analysis of the Allegory of the Cave  retrieved from http://personal.tcu.edu/jrharris/sample.pdf. 

. For a further analysis of Socrates's explanation of the divided line at the very end of Book VI, read this article by John Malcolm "

The Line and the Cave  ," 1962. 

· Descartes, 

Meditations on First Philosophy :  Preface; Meditations I-II, pp. 1-12 [ [You can find an in-depth analysis of Descartes's philosophy and more of his work here:  The Online Library of Liberty  ].

For general research on any philosophical topic, theme, or major philosopher, here are two excellent online sources:

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://plato.stanford.edu/contents.html

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy https://www.iep.utm.edu/

. Study Guide: SparkNotes on Russell's Problems of Philosophy

Chapter V  ; 

Chapter VI  ; 

Chapter VII  ; 

Chapter VIII  .

· Vitzthum,“

Philosophical Materialism  ,” full article, pp. 1-11.

· Locke, 

The Works, vol. 1 An Essay concerning Human Understanding  , Part 1 (1689), Book II, Chapter I, pp. 78-87.

· Berkeley, 

Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous  , First and Second Dialogues, pp. 1-39.

· Hume, 

Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding  , §2-7, pp. 7-39.

Kant, 

Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysic that Can Present Itself as a Science  , Preamble on the Special Features of All Metaphysical Knowledge and General Problems, pp. 7-16.

Russell, 

The Problems of Philosophy  : Chapters V-VIII [The Problems of Philosophy, Bertrand Russell: pp. 25-47]. The entire work can be found online here:  Bertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy .

·

. Study Guide: SparkNotes on Russell's Problems of Philosophy

Chapter V  ; 

Chapter VI  ; 

Chapter VII  ; 

Chapter VIII  .

· Vitzthum,“

Philosophical Materialism  ,” full article, pp. 1-11.

· Locke, 

The Works, vol. 1 An Essay concerning Human Understanding  , Part 1 (1689), Book II, Chapter I, pp. 78-87.

· Berkeley, 

Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous  , First and Second Dialogues, pp. 1-39.

· Hume, 

Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding  , §2-7, pp. 7-39.

Kant, 

Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysic that Can Present Itself as a Science  , Preamble on the Special Features of All Metaphysical Knowledge and General Problems, pp. 7-16.

Kants “cheat sheet”

https://nu.blackboard.com/bbcswebdav/pid-6859550-dt-content-rid-18385837_1/xid-18385837_1

Nagel,“

What Is It Like to Be a Bat?  ” The Philosophical Review, Vol. 83, No. 4 (Oct., 1974), pp. 435-450.

Read this short excerpt from Nagel's book, What Does It All Mean? A Very Short Introduction to Philosophy (1987): Chapter 2  (3 pages).

Jackson,“

Epiphenomenal Qualia  ,” The Philosophical Quarterly, Vol. 32, No. 127. (Apr., 1982), pp. 127-136.

. Zombies  ", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2015/entries/zombies/>.  

· Russell, 

The Problems of Philosophy  : Chapters IX-XII [ Russell, Bertrand.The Problems of Philosophy, pp. 48-67].  The entire work can be found online here:  Bertrand Russell, The Problems of Philosophy.

. Study Guide: SparkNotes on Russell's Problems of Philosophy:  

Chapter IX  ;  

Chapter X  ;  

Chapter XI  ; 

Chapter XII  .

· Aristotle, 

The Nicomachean Ethics  , Book I, Chapters 5-7, pp.15-21; Book II, Chapters 1-8, pp. 34-49.

. Study Guide: "

Aristotle on Happiness  ", retrieved from http://www.pursuit-of-happiness.org/history-of-happiness/aristotle/

· Kant, 

Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals  , Chapter 2, pp. 14-41.

. Study Guide:"

A Priori Truths  ": You may find the information here helpful in arriving at a deeper understanding of Kant's ideas. 

· Mill,  

Utilitarianism  , Chapter 2, pp. 4-18.

· Sartre,“

Existentialism Is a Humanism  ” (entire), pp. 1-18.

. Study Guide: 

Summary of Sartre's Terminology

. For more about Sartre's concept of "bad faith," read this chapter from Jean-Paul Sartre: Basic Writings, Ed. Stephen Priest:  

Sartre on Bad Faith

· Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

· Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy