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HR Strategy Model

3-5p. 8 6, De

ssler

Fundamentals of Human Resource Management

Fifth Edition

Chapter 14 Improving

Occupational Safety, Health, and Risk Management

Chapter 14 Improving Occupational Safety,

Health, and Risk Management

3-7

Learning Objectives 1. Discuss OSHA and how it operates.

2. Explain in detail three basic causes of accidents.

3. Explain how to prevent accidents at work.

4. Describe how one company uses employee engagement to improve workplace safety.

5. Discuss major health problems at work and how to remedy them.

6. Discuss the main elements in an occupational security and risk management program.

LO1: Discuss OSHA and How It Operates

9-9

Employee Safety and Health: an Introduction

10-10

Employee Safety and Health: an Introduction (1)

Occupational Safety & Health Act (1970)

“Preserve the nation’s human resources by assuring as much as possible that every

worker has safe and healthy working conditions.”

10-11

Employee Safety and Health: an Introduction (2)

• Created Occupational Safety & Health Agency (OSHA) – Enforces standards; “fair & effective” enforcement – Conducts inspections, issues citations

• Covers ALL Federal employees – Does not apply to state and local governments

• For Employers with 11 or more employees – Required to maintain records of, and report occupational

injuries & illnesses…caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment

Exceptions: Self-employed

Farms employing immediate family members

Employee Safety and Health: an Introduction (3)

• Inspection priorities – 5 Priorities, e.g. #1 Imminent danger

• Inspections by OSHA • Penalties by OSHA – Range from $5K - $70K; can be far higher

• Employer Responsibilities – #1: Provide hazard-free workplace; work with OSHA

compliance officers

10-13

UnSafe Workplace Video (8:42)

1-14

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcuxWxzsFhY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LqrjlqKhoQ

LO2: Explain in detail three basic causes of

accidents.

9-15

What Causes Accidents? 1. Chance Occurrences – E.g. Getting hit by a car; lightning – Beyond management’s control

2. Unsafe Working Conditions – E.g. Defective equipment, unsafe storage, faulty scaffolds

3. Unsafe Acts by Employees – E.g. Operating or working at unsafe

speeds

10-16

LO3: Explain how to prevent accidents.

9-17

How to Prevent Accidents (1)

1. Reduce unsafe conditions – Protecting vulnerable workers • Young workers, aging, women (e.q. safety equipment)

– Job Hazard Analysis • What can go wrong? • What are the consequences? • How could it happen? • What are contributing factors?

– Operational safety reviews

10-18

How to Prevent Accidents (2) 2. Reducing unsafe acts – Supervisor’s role is to set the tone – Use screening to reduce unsafe acts – Provide safety training – Use posters, incentives and positive

reinforcement – Emphasize top-management commitment

10-19

How to Prevent Accidents (3)

• Foster culture of safety – Supervisor’s role in safety • E.g. Daily walkthroughs

• Written safety policies • Regular safety & health inspections • Safety awareness programs – New employee training; trained supervisors – Safety Committees

• Strategy and HR – Do these support a safety culture?

10-20

Safety Video (9:03)

1-22

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpRc4CFDn9Q

LO5: Discuss major health problems at work and how to remedy them.

9-24

Workplace Health Hazards (1)

Chemicals, air quality, and industrial hygiene – OSHA standards list exposure limits for 600 chemicals – OSHA requires companies monitor air for asbestos

exposure at work – Air quality • “Green” office buildings

10-25

Workplace Health Hazards (2) Alcoholism and Substance Abuse

– Serious, widespread problem leads to declines in the quality and quantity of work

– ~15% of U.S. workers…drunk, hungover, etc., in past year

10-26

Workplace Health Hazards (2) Alcoholism and Substance Abuse, con’t

– ~13-Million use illicit drugs

10-27

“Drug overdoses [1,420] remain the No. 1 unnatural cause of death in Virginia [in 2016], a title held since 2013 when drug deaths outpaced motor vehicle and gun-related deaths.” – WTOP, Apr 14, 2017

Challenges for HR regarding “420” culture?

Alaska – California – Colorado – Maine – Massachusetts – Nevada – Oregon - Washington - Washington, DC

Workplace Health Hazards (2) Dealing with substance abuse 1. A drug-free workplace policy 2. Supervisor training 3. Employee education 4. Employee assistance 5. Drug testing

10-28

Burnout The total depletion of physical and

mental resources caused by excessive striving to reach an unrealistic work-related goal.

10-29

Workplace Health Hazards (3) Job stress and burnout

– Consequences for employers • Diminished work performance, absenteeism, turnover,

grievances – Reducing Your Own Job Stress

• Three steps: Develop Awareness, Adjust Attitudes, Take Action

• More sleep, eat healthier, realistic deadlines – What Employers Can Do

• Prevention & Intervention (when needed) – Depression

• Recognize signs of depression • Depression is an illness

10-30

Workplace Health Hazards (4) • Computer monitor health problems – Carpal tunnel syndrome – Short-term eye problems – Backaches, neck aches, etc.

10-31

Workplace Health Hazards (5) • Infectious diseases – International travel • Centers for Disease Control alerts

– Workplace smoking • Greater risks to others • Higher absenteeism • Increased cost of healthcare & fire insurance

– What you can and cannot do • Depends on State, union/non-union • Wellness programs; smoking cessation programs

10-32

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/

LO6: Discuss the main elements in an

occupational security and risk management program.

9-33

Occupational Security & Risk Management (1)

Enterprise risk management – Identifying security and other corporate risks – Plans to mitigate risks – Actions to mitigate risks

10-34

Preventing/Dealing with violence at work – Adopt a workplace violence policy – Heighten security measures – Improve employee screening – Use workplace violence training – Violence toward women at work

• Men have more fatal occupations injuries • Women have higher proportion of assault

Publishing as Prentice Hall 10-35

Occupational Security & Risk Management (2)

Setting up a basic security program – Installing mechanical, natural, and organizational security

systems

Terrorism – Policies (e.g. check mail) – Authority to close the company? – Shutdown process – Crisis management team

Publishing as Prentice Hall 10-36

Occupational Security & Risk Management (3)

Video: BP Texas City Disaster (55:00)

1-37

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=88&v=ti9YfdXqbjs&feature=emb_logo