Module 3 Study Guide Assignment

1. What is the difference between heat and

temperature?

2. Explain how heat is transfered through:

conduction

convection

radation

4. How does the temperature of an object influence the radiation it

emits?

5. Compare and contrast absorption, reflection, and

transmission

6. Why do we use the term “shortwaves” for solar

energy and “longwaves” for energy being emitted by the

Earth?

1MODULE 3: ENERGY TRANSFER AROUND THE EARTH

7. Explain the concept of a “selective absorber”?

8. What are greenhouse gasses? Explain how they influence the temperature

on Earth.

9. What would happen if there were no greenhouse gasses present on Earth?

10. Explain how latitude, proximity to water, elevation, and ocean currents influence the average temperature of a

given location.

11. Why are the largest annual temperature ranges normally

observed over continents away from large bodies of

water?

2

3PUTTING IT INTO PRACTICE: CONTINENTAL VS. MARITIME LOCATIONS

Although latitude has the largest influence on air temperatures, other factors can affect air temperatures in specific places. Different surfaces react differently to the insolation received. This in turn affects the air temperatures above these surfaces. The most significant contrast occurs between land and water.

PART 1: PREDICT HOW PROXIMITY TO LAND AND WATER AFFECTS TEMPERATURE

Considering that land heats up faster and to higher temperatures and cools faster to lower to lower temperatures than water, predict how continental locations will vary in temperature compared to maritime locations.

1. Will continental locations have WARMER or COOLER summer temperatures than maritime locations?

_______________________ 2. Will continental locations have WARMER or COOLER winter temperatures than maritime locations?

_______________________

3. A temperature range describes the difference in average temperature between the warmest and coldest month of the year. Which locations (MARITIME or CONTINENTAL) do you expect will experience larger annual temperature ranges?

_______________________

PART 2: USING DATA TO TEST YOUR PREDICTIONS

Next, you will be comparing average monthly temperatures of San Francisco, Wichita, and Norfolk to test your pre- dictions above. These locations are all at the same latitude so they all get the same amount of energy from the sun.

4. Using a search on google maps, identify whether these locations are maritime or continental:

San Francisco, CA: ________________ Wichita, KS: _____________________ Norfolk, VA: _____________________

Using the data tables I have provided on page 4, answer the following questions:

5. Does the lower temperature in summer belong to a MARITIME or CONTINENTAL location? ___________

6. Would you expect Norfolk to be WARMER or COOLER than Wichita in the winter? Is it? _______________

7. Using the data on the table on page 4, calculate the annual temperature range of each location. To do this, find the hottest summer month and subtract it by the coldest winter month.

SAN FRANCISCO, CA: ____________(hottest) minus _______________ (coldest) = ___________________

WICHITA, KS ____________(hottest) minus _______________ (coldest) = ___________________

NORFOLK, VA: ____________(hottest) minus _______________ (coldest) = ___________________

8. In the data you calculated above, which location has the highest average temperature? ______________

Which location has the lowest? _________________

9. Given these calcuations, did the more extreme temperature range belong to a maritime location or a continental location? _________________________

DATA FOR QUESTIONS 5 - 9

SAN FRANCISCO WICHITA NORFOLK

Month Average Temp Month Average Temp Month Average Temp

January 51.3 January 32.2 January 40.4 February 53.9 February 37.2 February 42.6

March 55.1 March 46.5 March 49.4 April 56.2 April 56.1 April 58.2 May 57.6 May 66 May 66.6 June 59.6 June 75.8 June 75.3 July 60.3 July 81.1 July 79.6

August 61.6 August 80 August 77.0 September 62.7 September 71 September 72.3

October 61.5 October 58.3 October 62.1 November 56.6 November 45.4 November 52.9 December 51.6 December 33.8 December 44.1

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