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Lab Session # 04

0. Objective:

To draw the characteristic curves of the axial flow impulse turbine

0. Apparatus:

FM30 Axial flow impulse turbine with programmed based system having controls and sensors

0. Methodology:

Efficiency of the turbine along with brake power torque and input power were measured as previous, but some different parameters like pressure, brake power and rpm were measured or observed using transducers available in programmed system attached with the turbine apparatus.

0. Procedure:

1. Attach the computer with the programmed system having radial turbine apparatus attached.

1. Measure the diameter of the orifice and radius of the pulley.

1. By the loosening or tightening of the screw the brake power will be varied.

1. Torque will be measured using the formula:

1. To calculate the flowrate, use the following relationship:

1. will be calculated using transducers installed.

1. Calculate the input head using the following formula:

1. Calculate the power input using:

1. Calculate the output power by:

1. Find efficiency of it using:

0. Observations and Calculations:

Orifice diameter = 0.009 m

Discharge Co-efficient = 0.63

Pulley Radius = 0.024 m

Water Density = 998.2 kg/m3

Table 4.1: Experimental values observed during the experiment

Sr. No	Orifice differential Pressure (dPo) (kPa)	Turbine Inlet Pressure (P1) (kPa)	Turbine Speed (n) (Hz)	Brake Force (Fb) (N)	H1 (m)	T (Nm)		Pin	(m3/s)	Ƞ (%)
1.	27.891	256.006	114	0.6	26.14	0.014	10	76.70	0.3	12.7
2.	27.993	256.006	94	1.7	26.13	0.040	23	76.84	0.3	30.6
3.	27.583	256.177	86	2	26.14	0.047	26	76.33	0.298	33.6
4.	27.856	256.348	78	2.3	26.16	0.056	27	76.76	0.299	35.5
5.	27.822	256.519	75	2.4	26.18	0.057	27	76.76	0.299	35.3
6.	27.668	256.519	68	2.8	26.20	0.068	29	76.55	0.298	37.8

0. Graphs:

5. Graph between Speed and Torque:

Graph 4.1: Graph showing relation between speed and torque of axial flow turbine

5. Graph between Speed and Brake Power:

Graph 4.2: Graph showing relation between speed and brake power of axial flow turbine

5. Graph between Speed and Brake Power:

Graph 4.3: Graph showing relation between speed and efficiency of axial flow turbine

0. Comments:

N vs T

114 94 86 78 75 68 1.4E-2 0.04 4.7E-2 5.6000000000000001E-2 5.7000000000000002E-2 6.8000000000000005E-2

Speed (rps)

Torque (Nm)

N vs Brake Power

114 94 86 78 75 68 10 23 26 27 27 29

Speed (rps)

Brake Power (W)

N vs Efficiency

114 94 86 78 75 68 12.7 30.6 33.6 35.5 35.299999999999997 37.799999999999997

Speed (rps)

Efficiency (%)