Quantitative reasoning
Tankoh1
Excel4-CPI.xlsxExcel 4 - CPI
| Consumer Price Index - All Urban Consumers | |||||||||||||||||||
| Original Data Value | |||||||||||||||||||
| Series Id: | CUUR0000SA0 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Not Seasonally Adjusted | |||||||||||||||||||
| Area: | U.S. city average | ||||||||||||||||||
| Item: | All items | ||||||||||||||||||
| Base Period: | 1982-84=100 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Years: | 1913 to 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ratio | |||||||||||||||||||
| Year | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Cost of iPhone 6s | This Year CPI : Previous Year CPI | Annual Inflation Rate | |||
| 1913 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 9.9 | ||||||
| 1914 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.0 | ||||||
| 1915 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 10.1 | ||||||
| 1916 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 10.9 | ||||||
| 1917 | 11.7 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.6 | 12.8 | 13.0 | 12.8 | 13.0 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 12.8 | ||||||
| 1918 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.2 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 15.4 | 15.7 | 16.0 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 15.1 | ||||||
| 1919 | 16.5 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 16.9 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 17.7 | 17.8 | 18.1 | 18.5 | 18.9 | 17.3 | ||||||
| 1920 | 19.3 | 19.5 | 19.7 | 20.3 | 20.6 | 20.9 | 20.8 | 20.3 | 20.0 | 19.9 | 19.8 | 19.4 | 20.0 | ||||||
| 1921 | 19.0 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 18.1 | 17.7 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 17.9 | ||||||
| 1922 | 16.9 | 16.9 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 16.6 | 16.6 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 16.9 | 16.8 | ||||||
| 1923 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.9 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.1 | ||||||
| 1924 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.1 | ||||||
| 1925 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.5 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 18.0 | 17.9 | 17.5 | ||||||
| 1926 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 17.9 | 17.8 | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | ||||||
| 1927 | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.4 | 17.6 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.3 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.4 | ||||||
| 1928 | 17.3 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.1 | ||||||
| 1929 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 17.1 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 17.1 | ||||||
| 1930 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 16.8 | 16.6 | 16.5 | 16.6 | 16.5 | 16.4 | 16.1 | 16.7 | ||||||
| 1931 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 15.5 | 15.3 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.0 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 15.2 | ||||||
| 1932 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.7 | ||||||
| 1933 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.0 | ||||||
| 1934 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.4 | ||||||
| 1935 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.7 | ||||||
| 1936 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.9 | ||||||
| 1937 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.4 | 14.5 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.4 | 14.4 | ||||||
| 1938 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | ||||||
| 1939 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.9 | ||||||
| 1940 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.0 | ||||||
| 1941 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.4 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.9 | 15.1 | 15.3 | 15.4 | 15.5 | 14.7 | ||||||
| 1942 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 16.0 | 16.1 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.4 | 16.5 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 16.9 | 16.3 | ||||||
| 1943 | 16.9 | 16.9 | 17.2 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.3 | ||||||
| 1944 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 17.5 | 17.5 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.7 | 17.8 | 17.6 | ||||||
| 1945 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 17.9 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.1 | 18.2 | 18.0 | ||||||
| 1946 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 18.5 | 18.7 | 19.8 | 20.2 | 20.4 | 20.8 | 21.3 | 21.5 | 19.5 | ||||||
| 1947 | 21.5 | 21.5 | 21.9 | 21.9 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 22.2 | 22.5 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 23.1 | 23.4 | 22.3 | ||||||
| 1948 | 23.7 | 23.5 | 23.4 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 24.5 | 24.5 | 24.4 | 24.2 | 24.1 | 24.1 | ||||||
| 1949 | 24.0 | 23.8 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 23.6 | 23.8 | ||||||
| 1950 | 23.5 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 24.1 | 24.3 | 24.4 | 24.6 | 24.7 | 25.0 | 24.1 | ||||||
| 1951 | 25.4 | 25.7 | 25.8 | 25.8 | 25.9 | 25.9 | 25.9 | 25.9 | 26.1 | 26.2 | 26.4 | 26.5 | 26.0 | ||||||
| 1952 | 26.5 | 26.3 | 26.3 | 26.4 | 26.4 | 26.5 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.5 | ||||||
| 1953 | 26.6 | 26.5 | 26.6 | 26.6 | 26.7 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 27.0 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.7 | ||||||
| 1954 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.7 | 26.9 | ||||||
| 1955 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.7 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.9 | 26.8 | 26.8 | ||||||
| 1956 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.8 | 26.9 | 27.0 | 27.2 | 27.4 | 27.3 | 27.4 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 27.6 | 27.2 | ||||||
| 1957 | 27.6 | 27.7 | 27.8 | 27.9 | 28.0 | 28.1 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 28.4 | 28.4 | 28.1 | ||||||
| 1958 | 28.6 | 28.6 | 28.8 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.9 | ||||||
| 1959 | 29.0 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 29.1 | 29.2 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.1 | ||||||
| 1960 | 29.3 | 29.4 | 29.4 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.6 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.6 | ||||||
| 1961 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 29.8 | 30.0 | 29.9 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 29.9 | ||||||
| 1962 | 30.0 | 30.1 | 30.1 | 30.2 | 30.2 | 30.2 | 30.3 | 30.3 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.2 | ||||||
| 1963 | 30.4 | 30.4 | 30.5 | 30.5 | 30.5 | 30.6 | 30.7 | 30.7 | 30.7 | 30.8 | 30.8 | 30.9 | 30.6 | ||||||
| 1964 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 30.9 | 31.0 | 31.1 | 31.0 | 31.1 | 31.1 | 31.2 | 31.2 | 31.0 | ||||||
| 1965 | 31.2 | 31.2 | 31.3 | 31.4 | 31.4 | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.6 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.8 | 31.5 | ||||||
| 1966 | 31.8 | 32.0 | 32.1 | 32.3 | 32.3 | 32.4 | 32.5 | 32.7 | 32.7 | 32.9 | 32.9 | 32.9 | 32.4 | ||||||
| 1967 | 32.9 | 32.9 | 33.0 | 33.1 | 33.2 | 33.3 | 33.4 | 33.5 | 33.6 | 33.7 | 33.8 | 33.9 | 33.4 | ||||||
| 1968 | 34.1 | 34.2 | 34.3 | 34.4 | 34.5 | 34.7 | 34.9 | 35.0 | 35.1 | 35.3 | 35.4 | 35.5 | 34.8 | ||||||
| 1969 | 35.6 | 35.8 | 36.1 | 36.3 | 36.4 | 36.6 | 36.8 | 37.0 | 37.1 | 37.3 | 37.5 | 37.7 | 36.7 | ||||||
| 1970 | 37.8 | 38.0 | 38.2 | 38.5 | 38.6 | 38.8 | 39.0 | 39.0 | 39.2 | 39.4 | 39.6 | 39.8 | 38.8 | ||||||
| 1971 | 39.8 | 39.9 | 40.0 | 40.1 | 40.3 | 40.6 | 40.7 | 40.8 | 40.8 | 40.9 | 40.9 | 41.1 | 40.5 | ||||||
| 1972 | 41.1 | 41.3 | 41.4 | 41.5 | 41.6 | 41.7 | 41.9 | 42.0 | 42.1 | 42.3 | 42.4 | 42.5 | 41.8 | ||||||
| 1973 | 42.6 | 42.9 | 43.3 | 43.6 | 43.9 | 44.2 | 44.3 | 45.1 | 45.2 | 45.6 | 45.9 | 46.2 | 44.4 | ||||||
| 1974 | 46.6 | 47.2 | 47.8 | 48.0 | 48.6 | 49.0 | 49.4 | 50.0 | 50.6 | 51.1 | 51.5 | 51.9 | 49.3 | ||||||
| 1975 | 52.1 | 52.5 | 52.7 | 52.9 | 53.2 | 53.6 | 54.2 | 54.3 | 54.6 | 54.9 | 55.3 | 55.5 | 53.8 | ||||||
| 1976 | 55.6 | 55.8 | 55.9 | 56.1 | 56.5 | 56.8 | 57.1 | 57.4 | 57.6 | 57.9 | 58.0 | 58.2 | 56.9 | ||||||
| 1977 | 58.5 | 59.1 | 59.5 | 60.0 | 60.3 | 60.7 | 61.0 | 61.2 | 61.4 | 61.6 | 61.9 | 62.1 | 60.6 | ||||||
| 1978 | 62.5 | 62.9 | 63.4 | 63.9 | 64.5 | 65.2 | 65.7 | 66.0 | 66.5 | 67.1 | 67.4 | 67.7 | 65.2 | ||||||
| 1979 | 68.3 | 69.1 | 69.8 | 70.6 | 71.5 | 72.3 | 73.1 | 73.8 | 74.6 | 75.2 | 75.9 | 76.7 | 72.6 | ||||||
| 1980 | 77.8 | 78.9 | 80.1 | 81.0 | 81.8 | 82.7 | 82.7 | 83.3 | 84.0 | 84.8 | 85.5 | 86.3 | 82.4 | ||||||
| 1981 | 87.0 | 87.9 | 88.5 | 89.1 | 89.8 | 90.6 | 91.6 | 92.3 | 93.2 | 93.4 | 93.7 | 94.0 | 90.9 | ||||||
| 1982 | 94.3 | 94.6 | 94.5 | 94.9 | 95.8 | 97.0 | 97.5 | 97.7 | 97.9 | 98.2 | 98.0 | 97.6 | 96.5 | ||||||
| 1983 | 97.8 | 97.9 | 97.9 | 98.6 | 99.2 | 99.5 | 99.9 | 100.2 | 100.7 | 101.0 | 101.2 | 101.3 | 99.6 | ||||||
| 1984 | 101.9 | 102.4 | 102.6 | 103.1 | 103.4 | 103.7 | 104.1 | 104.5 | 105.0 | 105.3 | 105.3 | 105.3 | 103.9 | ||||||
| 1985 | 105.5 | 106.0 | 106.4 | 106.9 | 107.3 | 107.6 | 107.8 | 108.0 | 108.3 | 108.7 | 109.0 | 109.3 | 107.6 | ||||||
| 1986 | 109.6 | 109.3 | 108.8 | 108.6 | 108.9 | 109.5 | 109.5 | 109.7 | 110.2 | 110.3 | 110.4 | 110.5 | 109.6 | ||||||
| 1987 | 111.2 | 111.6 | 112.1 | 112.7 | 113.1 | 113.5 | 113.8 | 114.4 | 115.0 | 115.3 | 115.4 | 115.4 | 113.6 | ||||||
| 1988 | 115.7 | 116.0 | 116.5 | 117.1 | 117.5 | 118.0 | 118.5 | 119.0 | 119.8 | 120.2 | 120.3 | 120.5 | 118.3 | ||||||
| 1989 | 121.1 | 121.6 | 122.3 | 123.1 | 123.8 | 124.1 | 124.4 | 124.6 | 125.0 | 125.6 | 125.9 | 126.1 | 124.0 | ||||||
| 1990 | 127.4 | 128.0 | 128.7 | 128.9 | 129.2 | 129.9 | 130.4 | 131.6 | 132.7 | 133.5 | 133.8 | 133.8 | 130.7 | ||||||
| 1991 | 134.6 | 134.8 | 135.0 | 135.2 | 135.6 | 136.0 | 136.2 | 136.6 | 137.2 | 137.4 | 137.8 | 137.9 | 136.2 | ||||||
| 1992 | 138.1 | 138.6 | 139.3 | 139.5 | 139.7 | 140.2 | 140.5 | 140.9 | 141.3 | 141.8 | 142.0 | 141.9 | 140.3 | ||||||
| 1993 | 142.6 | 143.1 | 143.6 | 144.0 | 144.2 | 144.4 | 144.4 | 144.8 | 145.1 | 145.7 | 145.8 | 145.8 | 144.5 | ||||||
| 1994 | 146.2 | 146.7 | 147.2 | 147.4 | 147.5 | 148.0 | 148.4 | 149.0 | 149.4 | 149.5 | 149.7 | 149.7 | 148.2 | ||||||
| 1995 | 150.3 | 150.9 | 151.4 | 151.9 | 152.2 | 152.5 | 152.5 | 152.9 | 153.2 | 153.7 | 153.6 | 153.5 | 152.4 | ||||||
| 1996 | 154.4 | 154.9 | 155.7 | 156.3 | 156.6 | 156.7 | 157.0 | 157.3 | 157.8 | 158.3 | 158.6 | 158.6 | 156.9 | ||||||
| 1997 | 159.1 | 159.6 | 160.0 | 160.2 | 160.1 | 160.3 | 160.5 | 160.8 | 161.2 | 161.6 | 161.5 | 161.3 | 160.5 | ||||||
| 1998 | 161.6 | 161.9 | 162.2 | 162.5 | 162.8 | 163.0 | 163.2 | 163.4 | 163.6 | 164.0 | 164.0 | 163.9 | 163.0 | ||||||
| 1999 | 164.3 | 164.5 | 165.0 | 166.2 | 166.2 | 166.2 | 166.7 | 167.1 | 167.9 | 168.2 | 168.3 | 168.3 | 166.6 | ||||||
| 2000 | 168.8 | 169.8 | 171.2 | 171.3 | 171.5 | 172.4 | 172.8 | 172.8 | 173.7 | 174.0 | 174.1 | 174.0 | 172.2 | ||||||
| 2001 | 175.1 | 175.8 | 176.2 | 176.9 | 177.7 | 178.0 | 177.5 | 177.5 | 178.3 | 177.7 | 177.4 | 176.7 | 177.1 | ||||||
| 2002 | 177.1 | 177.8 | 178.8 | 179.8 | 179.8 | 179.9 | 180.1 | 180.7 | 181.0 | 181.3 | 181.3 | 180.9 | 179.9 | ||||||
| 2003 | 181.7 | 183.1 | 184.2 | 183.8 | 183.5 | 183.7 | 183.9 | 184.6 | 185.2 | 185.0 | 184.5 | 184.3 | 184.0 | ||||||
| 2004 | 185.2 | 186.2 | 187.4 | 188.0 | 189.1 | 189.7 | 189.4 | 189.5 | 189.9 | 190.9 | 191.0 | 190.3 | 188.9 | ||||||
| 2005 | 190.7 | 191.8 | 193.3 | 194.6 | 194.4 | 194.5 | 195.4 | 196.4 | 198.8 | 199.2 | 197.6 | 196.8 | 195.3 | ||||||
| 2006 | 198.3 | 198.7 | 199.8 | 201.5 | 202.5 | 202.9 | 203.5 | 203.9 | 202.9 | 201.8 | 201.5 | 201.8 | 201.6 | Max inflation year: | |||||
| 2007 | 202.4 | 203.5 | 205.4 | 206.7 | 207.9 | 208.4 | 208.3 | 207.9 | 208.5 | 208.9 | 210.2 | 210.0 | 207.3 | ||||||
| 2008 | 211.1 | 211.7 | 213.5 | 214.8 | 216.6 | 218.8 | 220.0 | 219.1 | 218.8 | 216.6 | 212.4 | 210.2 | 215.3 | ||||||
| 2009 | 211.1 | 212.2 | 212.7 | 213.2 | 213.9 | 215.7 | 215.4 | 215.8 | 216.0 | 216.2 | 216.3 | 215.9 | 214.5 | ||||||
| 2010 | 216.7 | 216.7 | 217.6 | 218.0 | 218.2 | 218.0 | 218.0 | 218.3 | 218.4 | 218.7 | 218.8 | 219.2 | 218.1 | Always up? | |||||
| 2011 | 220.2 | 221.3 | 223.5 | 224.9 | 226.0 | 225.7 | 225.9 | 226.5 | 226.9 | 226.4 | 226.2 | 225.7 | 224.9 | ||||||
| 2012 | 226.7 | 227.7 | 229.4 | 230.1 | 229.8 | 229.5 | 229.1 | 230.4 | 231.4 | 231.3 | 230.2 | 229.6 | 229.6 | ||||||
| 2013 | 230.3 | 232.2 | 232.8 | 232.5 | 232.9 | 233.5 | 233.6 | 233.9 | 234.1 | 233.5 | 233.1 | 233.0 | 233.0 | ||||||
| 2014 | 233.9 | 234.8 | 236.3 | 237.1 | 237.9 | 238.3 | 238.3 | 237.9 | 238.0 | 237.4 | 236.2 | 234.8 | 236.7 | ||||||
| 2015 | 233.7 | 234.7 | 236.1 | 236.6 | 237.8 | 238.6 | 238.7 | 238.3 | 237.9 | 237.8 | 237.3 | 236.5 | 237.0 | $ 649.00 | |||||
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Generated on: January 22, 2011 (09:57:19 PM)
This problem uses Consumer Price Index (CPI) data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from 1913 to 2015. Note the years may be hidden, scroll to go all the way back to 1913.
a.) For Column O, use the annual CPI values in Column N to convert the given cost of an iPhone 6s in 2015$ into every other years' dollars. Note that cell O114 contains the iPhone cost in 2015$. (Assuming the iPhone 6s existed back then of course. How did people communicate without cell phones?) Ratio boxes will help you here.
b.) For Column P, take the ratio of each year's annual CPI to the previous value and scale the second quantity to 1 by simply dividing the two values.
c.) For Column Q, compute the annual inflation rate by subtracting 1 from the ratio from part b. Format as percentage to 2 decimal places. Note: parts d & e below! SCROLL DOWN!
d.) In what year did inflation increase the most? Note there is a way to get Excel to do this for you. First find MAX annual inflation rate. Then use MATCH to find which value this is in the column for inflation rates: 1,2,3,... Then you can use INDEX to pull the year from this row, or just find it yourself!
e.) Does inflation always increase from year to year? Answer should be yes or no.
