Evidence-Based Project, Critical Appraisal of Research

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Evaluation Table. NO Quotes. Only paraphrase

Use this document to complete the evaluation table requirement of the Module 4 Assessment, Evidence-Based Project, Part 4A: Critical Appraisal of Research

Full APA formatted citation of selected article.

Article #1 TIDBITS TO HELP

Scheidenhelm, S., & Reitz, O. (2017). Handwriting bedside shift report. The Journal of Nursing Administration, 22, 147-153. doi:10.1097/NNA. 0000000000000457

Be sure to format in proper APA

Evidence Level * (I, II, or III)

Evidence Level II See end of table

Critical Appraisal Tool Worksheet Template

Conceptual Framework

Describe the theoretical basis for the study (If there is not one mentioned in the article, say that here).**

Two theories provided the basis for this study:

• Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations

• Lewin’s theory of planned change

FYI- Theoretical and conceptual are often used interchangeably— as is theory/ model/ framework.

Design/Method

Describe the design and how the study was carried out (In detail, including inclusion/exclusion criteria).

• Quasi-experimental

• Pre and post implementation comparison of patient satisfaction scores

• Inclusion – Patients within specified unit

• Exclusion – Anyone outside of nursing; new graduate nurses

Is it…. Quantitative, Qualitative, or mixed-method

Then … experimental or non0experimental design (i.e. Quantitative; Phenomenology, ethnography, grounded thory, focus groups/ interviews (i.e. Qualitative)

What was the sampling criteria (i.e. Inclusion/ exclusion)? Who or What studies (i.e. if systematic review) were eligible to participate or excluded?

Sample/Setting

The number and characteristics of patients, attrition rate, etc.

First unit was a 46- bed medical/ surgical

Second unit was a 12-bed obstetrics unit

Both units residing in a 149-bed community hospital

Participants – nurses 80 % female, 20% male….provide additional info reported on demographics of participants

Attrition rate 100% as all participants submitted complete surveys pre/post implementation.

• N = 300; surveys received from 2 units pre and post implementation

Sampling? Random, Stratified, Cluster, Snowball, Purposive …

Major Variables Studied

List and define dependent and independent variables

• DV: Patient satisfaction scores • IV: Nursing to use a

standardized bedside report

Measurement

Identify primary statistics used to answer clinical questions (You need to list the actual tests done).

• Press Ganey measures patient satisfaction using a survey statements with satisfaction questions

• Statistical analysis included independent-samples t tests to compare pre/post implementation samples and mean scores for each units patient satisfaction survey questions.

• Descriptive stats – used SPSS version 22

• Patient demographics included sex and age, including means, standard deviations, and range

Data Analysis Statistical or Qualitative findings

(You need to enter the actual numbers determined by the statistical tests or qualitative data).

• Qualitative findings from surveys were gathered and statistically charted…. ADD statistical information noted

Findings and Recommendations

General findings and recommendations of the research

FINDINGS • Nurse compliance with bedside

report increased on both units. • Patient satisfaction scores

improved on all 4 statements for M/S. For OB, the satisfaction mean score improved on 1 statement and decreased slightly on 2 statements.

• The OB unit had higher percentage compliance (55.9%) with bedside report preimplementation than M/S (12.3%).

• Bedside report is effective in improving patient satisfaction scores

RECOMMENDATIONS • Repeating study in other

facilities with other patient populations

• Further research into finding out other factors that may affect patient satisfaction should be completed

Headings are helpful: please use

Appraisal and Study Quality

Describe the general worth of this research to practice.

What are the strengths and limitations of study?

What are the risks associated with implementation of the suggested practices or processes detailed in the research?

What is the feasibility of use in your practice?

Strengths: - Sample size of 300 surveyed

patients used

- Questions on survey are specific to patient satisfaction

Limitations: - Study completed on 2 units of

one hospital; not generalizable

Risks: - Nurses not compliant with

using the bedside report

Feasibility:

- This study would be easily introduced and maintained in my practice due to the small number of nurses on unit

- Adequate number of subjects to recruit within hospital setting

- My current practice area is also surveyed by Press Ganey and HCAHPS scores

To present clearly and to ensure nothing is missed, please use the following headings and then, present points underneath.

*These levels are from the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice: Evidence Level and Quality Guide

• Level I Experimental, randomized controlled trial (RCT), systematic review RTCs with or without meta-analysis

• Level II Quasi-experimental studies, systematic review of a combination of RCTs and quasi-experimental studies, or quasi-experimental studies only, with or without meta-analysis

• Level III Nonexperimental, systematic review of RCTs, quasi-experimental with/without meta-analysis, qualitative, qualitative systematic review with/without meta-synthesis

• Level IV Respected authorities’ opinions, nationally recognized expert committee/consensus panel reports based on scientific evidence

• Level V Literature reviews, quality improvement, program evaluation, financial evaluation, case reports, nationally recognized expert(s) opinion based on experiential evidence

**Note on Conceptual Framework

Key findings For the OB unit their patient satisfaction scores remained high pre and post implementation

For the Medical/Surgical unit there was increased scores for each of the qualitative questions pre and post implementation

What did they find? Look under the outcome section or discussion and paraphrase major points in own words.

Outcomes

Since findings were significant, implementation of future research was suggested throughout organization.

General Notes/ Comments

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/evidence-based-practice/_docs/appendix_c_evidence_level_quality_guide.pdf

• The following information is from Walden academic guides which helps explain conceptual frameworks and the reasons they are used in research. Here is the link https:// academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework

• Researchers create theoretical and conceptual frameworks that include a philosophical and methodological model to help design their work. A formal theory provides context for the outcome of the events conducted in the research. The data collection and analysis are also based on the theoretical and conceptual framework.

• As stated by Grant and Osanloo (2014), “Without a theoretical framework, the structure and vision for a study is unclear, much like a house that cannot be constructed without a blueprint. By contrast, a research plan that contains a theoretical framework allows the dissertation study to be strong and structured with an organized flow from one chapter to the next.”

• Theoretical and conceptual frameworks provide evidence of academic standards and procedure. They also offer an explanation of why the study is pertinent and how the researcher expects to fill the gap in the literature.

• Literature does not always clearly delineate between a theoretical or conceptual framework. With that being said, there are slight differences between the two.

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework

References

The Johns Hopkins Hospital/Johns Hopkins University (n.d.). Johns Hopkins nursing dvidence-based practice: appendix C: evidence level and quality guide. Retrieved October 23, 2019 from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/evidence-based-practice/_docs/appendix_c_evidence_level_quality_guide.pdf

Grant, C., & Osanloo, A. (2014). Understanding, Selecting, and Integrating a Theoretical Framework in Dissertation Research: Creating the Blueprint for Your"

House". Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice, and Research, 4(2), 12-26.

Walden University Academic Guides (n.d.). Conceptual & theoretical frameworks overview. Retrieved October 23, 2019 from https:// academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/evidence-based-practice/_docs/appendix_c_evidence_level_quality_guide.pdf

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/conceptualframework