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Example-honeybee.docxArticle One: Effects of decreases of animal pollinators on human nutrition and global health: A modelling analysis
An article published in the Lancet investigated the consequences of the loss of pollinator populations at 50 percent, 75 percent and 100 percent. A database of 224 types of foods from 156 countries was used to quantify nutrient composition and pollinator dependence. This compilation was used to estimate the reductions of micronutrient intake and the health burden that would result at each percentage of decline. The results suggested that individuals living in poor countries would experience the decline of produce differently that those living in developed countries. Areas such as the Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia would be more likely to experience an increase in diseases related to deficiencies of vitamin A and folic acid leading to more night blindness and neural tube defects. Wealthier countries, such as the North America and Europe, would see an increase in chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, stroke and cancers (Smith, Singh, Mozaffarian, & Myers, 2015).
This article is a reliable source because it was published in The Lancet, an international medical journal. All articles published in this journal are submitted for peer review. Also, the head author as well as one of the coauthors are senior research scientists at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. The other two contributing authors are affiliated with Tufts University’s Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy. Both of these are prestigious research institutes.
This article will be helpful in composing the Scientific Perspective paper because it will help to establish that there is a connection between a decline in the honeybee population and disease preventative food. In the first paragraph of my paper I need to include evidence in the form of data to support this claim which is included in this article. There are also estimations related to the economic devastation that will be discussed in the mathematical perspective section of the CAPS paper.
Article 2: Contribution of Pollinator-Mediated Crops to Nutrients in the Human Food Supply
This article is reliable because it was published in PloS One. This journal is an international multidisciplinary academic journal that evaluates submissions’ methodologies and ethical standards. The peer reviewers all hold PhDs in various scientific fields. Their information can be viewed on the website. This article can also be found on PubMed, the largest academic journal database in the world.
This article will be beneficial in the writing of the transition from the first paragraph into the biological systems portion the Scientific Perspectives part of the paper. The paper includes the specific nutrients that will be deficient in the diet if foods are not pollinated. Not all disease preventative foods are dependent on pollination and still would be available. (Liu, Manson, Lee, Cole, Hennekens, Willett et al., 2000). It will be important to focus on these specific nutrients and their role in chronic disease prevention on a biological level for the next three paragraphs for the Scientific Perspectives paper.
Article 3: Cardiometabolic disease costs associated with suboptimal diet in the United States: A cost analysis based on a microsimulation model
An article published in PloS One analyzed the impact of 10 dietary factors, including fruits and vegetables, to estimate the summative total of a diets that do not include adequate intake of nutrients. Their study found that the cost of a poor diet was approximately $50 billion per year for cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) including as heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes. The researchers estimate that $9.552 billion and $10.055 billion dollars are spent on healthcare costs related to CMD due to suboptimal intake of fruits and vegetables respectively (Jardim et al, 2019).
This article is reliable because it was published in PloS One. This journal is an international multidisciplinary academic journal that evaluates submissions’ methodologies and ethical standards. The peer reviewers all hold PhDs in various scientific fields. Their information can be viewed on the website. This article can also be found on PubMed, the largest academic journal database in the world.
In the economic portion of the Mathematical Perspectives paper this article with help to establish the economic burden inadequate fruit and vegetables intake that already exists. This article provides the estimated healthcare costs which I need to support my argument that the decline in bee population would create an even greater public health crisis. Because my topic has two tiers, crops production on health, I will also need to find an article about the contribution that bees play in the agricultural economy as well to make this section comprehensive.
Reference
Eilers, E. J., Kremen, C., Smith Greenleaf, S., Garber, A. K., & Klein, A. M. (2011). Contribution of pollinator-mediated crops to nutrients in the human food supply. PloS one, 6(6), e21363. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021363
Jardim, T. V., Mozaffarian, D., Abrahams-Gessel, S., Sy, S., Lee, Y., Liu, J., Huang, Y., Rehm, C., Wilde, P., Micha, R., & Gaziano, T. A. (2019). Cardiometabolic disease costs associated with suboptimal diet in the United States: A cost analysis based on a microsimulation model. PLoS medicine, 16(12), e1002981. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002981
Liu, S., Manson, J. E., Lee, I. M., Cole, S. R., Hennekens, C. H., Willett, W. C., & Buring, J. E. (2000). Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: the Women's Health Study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 72(4), 922–928. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/72.4.922
