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This study investigates the dangers and the health issues happen at work environments
particularly at constructional destinations. Development enterprises are one of the greatest and most significant businesses of any country. Development wellbeing in industry still experiences numbness and absence of supervision and mishap rate on development activities is extremely high. The goal of this examination is to recognize the mindfulness propelled in the development ventures that identify with security, issues related ergonomic wellbeing and security, and the status of wellbeing building the board as seen by development and consultancies to help decrease of mishaps. Mindfulness projects are propelling in development enterprises about health, security
and condition. Potential answers for word related wellbeing rely upon the quantity of criteria, for example, perilous elements from which laborers must be ensured; the quantity of risk zones; compositional plan and basic arrangements of a structure; kinds of specialized assurance measures, and so on.
Keywords: risk management, health and safety issues, problems, causes, analysis,
recommendations
Introduction and Literature review
Canadians are the general population who consistently deal with their health. It is the essential
duty of each person, association and government to keep up and improve the wellbeing of its natives. In the yesteryears, various enactments and guidelines are made with respect to medical problems, yet various advances ought to be taken by the legislature for the prosperity of individuals. Risk management is the conducive part and parcel of any organization’s decisionmaking owing to various factors involved into this like fatal injuries, diseases and ill-health. Occupational health and safety managers need to inform the organizations about the nature of risk and the examination or assessing of risks and the types of decisions and the factors influencing these decisions. Labourers working in different workplaces experience numerous dangerous conditions. Particularly individuals who are working in assembling plants, constructional locales, research centers and electrical divisions. Even though there is Employment protection given by the legislature, yet these are not as supportive as no remuneration can fill human life or stop somebody to recover their limbs. Along these lines, it's said that "Counteractive action is in every case superior to fix". Work impacts on the health and strength of people who work in associations. Associations are affected by socio-political setting too. Associations might be viewed as a framework which may contain perils which must be leveled out to limit chance. This can be accomplished by understanding model’s causation for security and for wellbeing which will bring about progress in the health and soundness of individuals at work. The Occupational Health and Safety expert applies proficient practice to impact the association to bring about this improvement (OHS risk and decision making, 2015).
Problem Statement
One of the most significant things any development manager can do is make a culture of security that includes everyone legitimately and in a roundabout way connected with the worksite. It's not the duty of any single individual, yet the obligation of everybody to help actualize the best security practices (Ways to reduce risk of Workplace Construction Accidents, n.d.). There is a need to decide why the quantity of mishap still at unsuitable figure. It is important to discover any escape clauses in implementing the necessities of Health Acts or any shortcomings in assessing and inspecting building locales. The degree of consistence of the temporary workers will be broke down to decide the viability in executing the word related wellbeing and medical problems at development divisions. In view of the figures and quantities
of death cases in building destinations, there are not many issues that can be embraced for research thought. First issue is the cognizance of the advancement site's the board has on security and prosperity. Even though cases were represented to related workplaces, information on the security and prosperity the administrators in structure goals is still far lacking. There has not been any reasonable comprehension given by any gathering. The issue must be in a general sense comprehended and appreciated. Mindfulness on wellbeing and health is significant and pivotal for building locales.
Second issue is the absence of the comprehension on the roles between government
organizations and the development organizations/engineers. It is certain that government offices were endeavoring to advance in guaranteeing working environment wellbeing.
Third issue is the nonattendance of understanding issues which recognised by the
organizations but not by the authorities. It is pleasing that severe laws and guidelines must be actualized, to guarantee the security and wellbeing at work environment.
Last problem is the obscure consistence level of development administrations and its ability with readiness in creating and tolerating wellbeing and health courses to their representatives. The consistence level may be comprehensive of the mishap’s reports, courses directed for workers, arrangements and guidelines with consistence, and estimation on safety and health (Issues in HR safety practices and work safety, n.d.).
Research methodology
This examination is meant to explore the real reasons for health and safety issues at
workplaces by pertinent decision making so we collected the data based on various secondary research for example, scholarly diaries, books, articles, papers and online sources. Likewise, we concentrated on the inner and outer wellsprings of information to investigate the genuine issue of safety with the basic leadership process, chance administration, and issue examination.
Description of decision-making process
A healthy and happier working population is not only an ethical priority for business, but can also benefit business materially through increased productivity and reduced costs associated with injuries and illness including costs relating to presenteeism and sickness absence (Hosie and Sevastos, 2015; Goetzel and Ozminkowski, 2006; Shain and Kramer, 2004). SWOT Analysis is used to figure out the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. SWOT analysis is much helpful tool for auditing an organization. It is the primary stage of planning that helps marketers to center lead issues. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors. Opportunities and threats are external factors (Alhajeri, M,2014). Every organization carries its SWOT analysis. We have made a SWOT analysis based on the research articles. In this SWOT analysis, external factors and internal factors are considered as strengths and weakness of any organization comes under internal factors whereas opportunities and threats are considered as external. According to Marchand (2007), Construction industries are having higher risks of poorer health were concentrated. By making SWOT analysis any organization can make an idea of all the positives and negatives of the project and outcomes of it and how to overcome the negatives in order to increase productivity. The main task for any constructing organization is to identify the threats and weakness of the organizations and make a strategy to overcome the negatives.
Fig 1 SWOT analysis of construction company
Internal External
Strengths
S1. Risk administrators.
S2. Health and safety staff.
S3. Aware of risks.
S4. Modern Machinery.
Opportunities
O1. Position themselves on the market.
O2. Opportunity to coach staff which
can benefit the corporate by creating staff
additional safe and secure and so
additional productive.
O3. Different options to improve work
safety.
Weaknesses
W1. Lack of awareness
W2. Lack of business structure
in health and safety.
W3. Lack of knowledge of
techniques.
W4. Inexperienced workers
Threats
T1. Lack of monitoring
T2. Little investment.
Positive
Negative
STRENGTHS
S1: Risk Administrators: To upgrade the lack of training, each company should have occupational risk administrators. The role of the administrator is to identify the potential risks that may obstruct the fame, the security of the organization.
S2: Health and safety staff: A group of people personally responsible for implementing health and safety in the system and maintaining the union between worker and company directives to reach the objectives. There should be a special team for safety of the female workers. As many of the women are working in construction site the more knowledge on the safety measures in the site is required or provided.
S3: Aware Risks: Each construction company before starting a project will make all the possibilities of the risks that may occur and makes employees aware. For example, the management of health and safety at work regulations(MHSWR, 1999) as amended, call for all risks relating to any type of work to be appropriately assessed; and mitigated or removed before work started(Edwards D.J & Holt G.D, 2008).
S4: Modern Machinery: Back in times, many construction companies used the traditional way of methods which lead to accidents. But the modern machinery in construction business trying to reduce the incidents by reducing the work pressure for the workers.
WEAKNESSES
W1: Lack of awareness: One of the biggest barriers to the implementation of health and safety policies in the construction industry is the lack of awareness of stakeholders involved in the construction process, independent of their position in the organization(Fabian, S., Palaez, C. & Joaquin(2018).W2: Lack of business structure in health and safety: A company’s health and safety structure is used to give responsibilities to the members of the organization at various levels and helps to achieve the goals of the organization.
W3: Lack of knowledge of techniques: The construction sector has less knowledge of the techniques and international standards that are used in the health and safety department.
W4: Inexperienced Worker: Most of the times many construction HR teams recruit some workers who are not well skilled for the task. The US Department of Labor reported on one accident, where a worker was killed after an excavator bucket became inadvertently disconnected from a due to the safety pin not having been fitted (the bucket fell onto that employee while they were in the excavation) (OSHA, 2005).
OPPORTUNITIES
O1: Position themselves at the market: As construction field is never-ending and the employees can find better opportunities for themselves in the market.
O2: Opportunity to coach staff which can benefit the corporate by creating additional safe, security and productivity: Train the staff regarding health and safety in the construction field would benefit the company by providing safe and secure environment to the workers and which automatically improves productivity.
O3: There are currently several health and safety models worldwide (OHSAS 18000, BS 8800: 2004, ANSI / AIHA Z10-2005) as well as techniques (What-if Analysis, HAZOP, STEP) through which the causes of accidents can be removed or reduced.(Fabian, S, Palaez C & Joaquin(2018).
THREATS
T1: Lack of monitoring: There are been no inspections on construction sites by the
government and the company directives and there is no structure for monitoring the sites.
T2: Little Investment: The construction Companies invest a little amount in the safety measures of the workers as they feel it is not mandatory and some companies looking for the voluntary contractors who are involved in these organizations.
RECOMMENDATIONS
As described above the external and internal factors of the construction business which are facing some issues, there are recommendations for the construction organizations. The main reason why there is high accident rate in construction business is due to worker ignorance of existing tools to eliminate or reduce risky situations that generate those accidents (Suarez, F.A., Carvajal, G.A & Catala Alis, J. (2013). With the help of risk administrators who must be trained on the subject, there are many possibilities to reduce this problem in all areas of the organization. The training centers should be used to qualify workers. This generates good competition that benefits organizations showing interest in these services, by increasing quality and reducing costs. The main way to improve workers performance is by providing good working conditions like providing good salary, training, equipment etc. The other ways to improve health and safety of the workers by establishing a committee for health and safety at company level. Introducing the safety measures is not only the important things but also, the workers adopting the regulations in and off-site work can play a crucial role too. In every constructing site, a health and safety officer must be appointed. The company must maintain a register that records all the accidents that occur on the site. The management must make a financial allowance for risk items.
Finally, the company must review the health and safety practices and train their workers accordingly.
Conclusion
The research through the literature review has shown that construction companies have undertaken little work as concerns health and safety in the site. There are some incentives for companies to work for high health and safety standards who are moral, legal and economic. Many of the accidents in the site are purely due to the negligence of the workers as well as the management. This study depicts the reasons for the problem and the approach that could solve the problem and decision making enhances the profits and productivity of the organization.
References
Edwards, D.J & Holt, G.D. (2008).” Health and safety issues relating to construction excavators and their attachments”.
Goetzel, R.Z. and Ozminkowski, R.J. (2006), “What’s holding you back: why should (or shouldn’t) employers invest in health promotion programs for their workers?”, North Carolina Medical Journal, Vol. 67 No. 6, pp. 428-430.
Hosie, P.J. and Sevastos, O. (2015), “Does the does the ‘happy-productive worker’ thesis apply to managers?”, International Journal of Workplace Health Management, Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 131-160.
Issues in HR safety practices and work safety (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://www.ums.edu.my/fpep/files/MGMT06_2013.pdf
Lee, S. F., and Ko, A. S. O. (2000). “Building balanced scorecard with SWOT analysis and implementing ‘Sun Tze’s The Art of Business Management Strategies’ on QFD methodology.” Managerial Auditing J., 15(1/2), 68–76.10.1108/02686900010304669 MHSWR (1999),” The Management of Health and safety at work regulations 1999, Statutory Instrument No.2306
Marchand, A. (2007), “Mental health in Canada: are there any risky occupations and
industries?”, International Journal of Law Psychiatry, Special Issue: Work and Mental Health, Vol. 30 Nos 4-5, pp. 272-283. OSHA (2005), “Hazards of inadequately securing hydraulic excavator buckets when using quick coupling devices”, US Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Association, Information Bulletin, SHIB 07-22-2005, viewed on the US Department of Labor website, available at: www.osha.gov/dts/shib/shib072205a.html (accessed July 2019).
OHS risk and Decision making (2012). Retrieved from OHS-BOK-OHS-Risk-and-decisionmaking-May-2015.pdf
Suarez, Fabian & Isabel Carvajal Pelaez, Gloria & Catala Alis, Joaquin. (2018). Integral Diagnosis of Occupational Health and Safety Management in Colombian Construction Companies. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries. 22. 101-116. 10.21315/jcdc2017.22.2.7.
Shain, M. and Kramer, D.M. (2004), “Health promotion in the workplace: framing the concept; reviewing the evidence”, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Vol. 61 No. 7, pp. 643-648.
Ways to reduce the Risk of Workplace Construction Accidents (2019, January 25). Retrieved from https://blog.safetytek.ca/reduce-workplace-risk-construction
accidents?utm_term=safety%20at%20work&utm_medium=ppc&utm_source=adword
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