geology hw

1. What is an atom? An element?

a. What are atoms made up of?

b. What distinguishes one element from another?

c. What is the atomic number?

2. Describe chemical bonding.

a. What are the two types bonding?

i. What is an ion? A cation? An anion?

ii. What mineral is an example of ionic bonding?

b. What is covalent bonding? What is important about covalent bonding?

i. What mineral is an example of covalent bonding?

3. For geology, what type of elements combine to form minerals?

a. What are the eight most common elements?

4. What is a mineral (need all 5 points)?

5. What is a chemical formula? Be able to identify:

a. The eight most common elements in a chemical formula,

b. If a mineral is a silicate or non-silicate

c. If that silicate or non-silicate mineral is hydrous or anhydrous

d. If a mineral uses water to form

6. How do minerals form?

a. What allows crystallization to start?

b. After looking at the difference between granite and basalt, what do you think the size of minerals in an igneous rock indicate?

7. What are the two groups of minerals?

a. What is the silica tetrahedra? Why is it important?

b. How are the different silicate minerals classified? What are the different types of silicate minerals?

c. Be able to provide an example of silicate minerals

d. What is important about olivine?

e. As the different silicate minerals form (isolated to framework), what happens to the number of linking silica tetrahedra’s? What is happening to the complexity of the structures? Why is this important?

8. What does it mean for a mineral to be hydrous?

a. Why are hydrous minerals important?

9. Why are minerals important to volcanoes? Use examples from class.

10. Be able to determine if a mineral is:

a. A silicate or non-silicate

b. If a silicate mineral uses water to from its structure.