Essay 2

I. Are Gender Differences Due to Nature, Nurture, or Both?

A. The Role of Biology

B. Gender Socialization

C. The Social Construction of Gender

i. Doing Gender

D. Cross-Cultural and Historical Findings

i. New Guinea

ii. The !Kung

iii. The Bacha Posh in Afghanistan

iv. Blurring the Boundaries between the Genders

II. How Do Gender Inequalities Play Out in Social Institutions?

A. Education

i. Unequal Treatment in the Classroom

ii. The Gendering of College Majors

B. Women and the Workplace

i. Inequalities at Work

ii. The Glass Ceiling

iii. Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

iv. Economic Inequality in Global Perspective

C. The Family and Gender Issues

i. The “Motherhood Penalty”

ii. Housework and the Second Shift

D. Gender Inequality in Politics

i. Gender and Politics: Global Perspective

III. Why Are Women the Target of Violence?

A. Rape

B. Sexual Violence against Women: Evidence of “Rape Culture”?

IV. How Does Social Theory Explain Gender Inequality?

A. Functionalist Approaches

B. Feminist Approaches

i. Liberal Feminism

ii. Radical Feminism

iii. Black Feminism and Transnational Feminism

V. How Can We Reduce Gender-Based Aggression?