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EPSChapter1.pptx
Chapter 1: The Basics of Public Speaking
The Open Educational Resource College Public Speaking Textbook
Exploring Public Speaking, v. 4.1 (2020)
Share something positive and negative about your week to a peer
Roses n Thorns
Outline Of Topics
What IS public speaking?
ANXIETY and Public Speaking
Understanding the PROCESS of Public Speaking
The VALUE of Public Speaking
GETTING STARTED in Public Speaking
Chapter 1
Overview
What/Who Do You Think About When You Think Of A Public Speaker?
The US PRESIDENT delivering an address?
A SALES REP seeking to persuade clients?
Your MINISTER, PRIEST OR RABBI?
Your PROFESSOR?
A dramatic COURTROOM scene?
POLITICIANS debating before an election?
A COMEDIAN doing stand up?
Think About It!
ALL of these represent public
speaking in different forms!
And, What About YOU?
It is often REQUIRED for college degrees.
You may have MIXED EMOTIONS about taking this course.
You may already have SOME EXPERIENCE from high school or other activities.
This might be a course you just want to GET THROUGH.
Think About It!
These are all COMMON!
What IS public speaking?
It is an ORGANIZED and INTENTIONAL means to INFORM, ENTERTAIN OR PERSUADE a GROUP of five or more people through WORDS, PHYSICAL DELIVERY and/or VISUAL/AUDIO AIDS.
What IS public speaking?
It is an ENLARGED CONVERSATION with a PURPOSE (Entertain, Inform, Persuade) that is HIGHLY ORGANIZED and DEPENDENT
ON RESOURCES outside your own personal experience.
According to most studies, people’s NUMBER ONE FEAR IS PUBLIC SPEAKING. Number two is death. Death is number two. Does that sound right? This means to the average person, if you go to a funeral, you’re better off in the casket than doing the eulogy.
(Garber, 2018)
MOST PEOPLE DO NOT SUFFER FROM GLOSSOPHOBIA
Anxiety: The GOOD News!
That is, a SEVERE fear of public speaking. Most people have anxiety that is lower than a true phobia.
ALL OR NOTHING thinking
OVERGENERALIZATION of experiences
"FORTUNE TELLING"
FIXED MINDSET about our intelligence, skills and learning ability
FEAR OR FAILURE and rejection
Anxiety Normally Comes From...
Most People Don't Suffer From Glossophobia
Anxiety: MORE
GOOD News!
FOCUS on the MESSAGE itself and BE REALISTIC about your experience and what's at stake.
You Can Help Yourself By Mentally Preparing
EAT PROTEIN rather than food with high sugar content
SLEEP WELL the night before
WEAR COMFORTABLE (but appropriate!) CLOTHING
Utilize STRETCHING techniques
You Can Also Physically Prepare Beforehand
Anxiety: EVEN MORE
GOOD News!
Know the VENUE, CIRCUMSTANCE and AUDIENCE. ARRIVE EARLY!
Understanding The Context Will Help
Do NOT procrastinate.
PRACTICE will help.
Remember you NEVER LOOK AS NERVOUS AS YOU FEEL!
Your AUDIENCE is rooting for you to DO WELL.
Use POWERFUL MOVEMENTS to help you GAIN CONFIDENCE.
Be Well Prepared
COMMUNICATION is PROCESS that includes the following
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Channel
Noise
Feedback
Outcome
People
Context
Message
1: People
These are the people who start communication.
There Are SENDERS
So, the sender becomes the receiver!
But Then, They EXCHANGE ROLES
Those are the people communication is directed to.
And There Are RECEIVERS
2: Context
What happened between the sender and receivers before the speech?
We Must Look At HISTORY
How do the sender and receiver know each other and in what kind of hierarchy? Where is the speech taking place?
As Well as RELATIONSHIPS and PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
What is the racial, ethnic, religious and/or regional influences on the speaking situation? Is the speech taking place at a shrine or monument?
And Consider CULTURAL INFLUENCES
3: Message
That's what happens in a conversation.
Messages Can Be Informal And Spontaneous
What is the content? What does the speaker want to say and have the receiver remember?
But The Message Is What Is Being Conveyed
That's a speech.
Or They Can Be Formal, Intentional And Planned
4: Channel
A CHANNEL Is How a MESSAGE Gets From The SENDER To The RECEIVER.
Both have an impact on communication.
It Can Be VERBAL Or NONVERBAL
Face-to-face adds to urgency, immediacy and the "linear" nature of the communication.
It Can Be FACE-TO-FACE And IMMEDIATE As Opposed To MEDIATED (Through A Computer Or Phone)
Just like a boat needs a channel to get through, so does a sender to get their message across!
5: Feedback
Feedback Is How A RECEIVER RESPONDS To The Sender
The receiver can provide intentional OR unintentional nonverbal feedback.
Or It Can Be NONVERBAL
So, the receiver can actually say something. In this case, that means it's also intentional.
It Can Be VERBAL
It is used to evaluate the effectiveness and decide next steps in the interaction.
6: Noise
NOISE Is Anything That INTERFERES With THE MESSAGE. It Can Be Contextual.
This includes stressors, anxieties, past experiences, etc.
Or It Can Be PSYCHOLOGICAL
There could be real noise like fire alarms or phones beeping or even talking.
It Can Be PHYSICAL
Something in the room or environment can interrupt the message.
Internal or external.
7: Outcomes
OUTCOMES Are The RESULTS
Will your audience remember this long after your speech has ended?
They Can Also Be LONG- OR SHORT-TERM
Will your audience think about what you said or might they actually go and DO something?
OUTCOMES Could Be INTERNAL Or EXTERNAL
Did your audience learn something or find your argument of interest?
What is the VALUE of Studying Public Speaking?
Helps Build DESIRED COMMUNICATION SKILLS For The Workplace
Will Give A SOLID FOUNDATION For Other Classes Where Presentations Are Expected
A Background In Public Speaking Will Also Help With The Following PERSONAL SKILLS:
Honing CRITICAL THINKING AND LISTENING skills
Gaining CONFIDENCE AND OVERCOMING FEARS
Finding your VOICE
INFLUENCING your world
Making NEW FRIENDS
To Get Started: Remember These Principles
TIMING Is Everything
Comply with ALL TIME LIMITS.
Public Speaking Requires MUSCLE MEMORY
Just like perfecting a free throw or a kick, public SPEAKING REQUIRES PRACTICE.
It Involves a CONTENT and RELATIONSHIP dimension
Remember to build TRUST, RESPECT, and CREDIBILITY.
Remember These Additional Starting Principles
EMULATE Don’t IMITATE
LEARN from those who do well, but don’t try to BE them.
Remember THE POWER of a STORY
Stories help CREATE EMOTIONS and that will help your audience remember.
BUILD on STRENGTHS
Address any weaknesses.
Please message your instructor with any questions!
THAT CONCLUDES CHAPTER 1!
