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Another impact of fisheries on the marine environment is the destruction of marine habitats. Including damages to marine plants and pollution from outside waste such as chemical contamination. a terrible fact that magazine “Antarctic Science” told is that “contaminants and their associated impacts are long-lived” (Antarctic Science Volume 21, Issue 1). As the author says, the effects of chemical pollutants are long-term and irreversible. In some places like the Antarctic, the fuel leaking on the ground will not change even for 10 years. Even in an ordinary environment, a small battery can make the surrounding land contaminated with waste acid and become toxic. The marine environment is more special. The ocean is filled with water and animals and plants that depend on water for survival. As long as the water in the ocean is polluted, the environment of the entire ocean will be changed, thus affecting the survival of animals and plants. Recognizing this, we know that dumping industrial wastewater into the ocean is actually a chronic murder of marine life. This behavior violates the theory of sustainable development and is not conducive to the health of fisheries. Of course, the conduct of fisheries should not destroy the habitats of marine life. The breeding of fisheries must ensure that marine plants are not harmed and the normal biological chain will not change.

When it comes to the imbalance of the biological chain, it is necessary to talk about another major aspect of the impact of human activities on the marine environment – transportation. Maritime transportation has solved many material problems and has greatly promoted human trade and economic development. But it comes with a series of problems brought by transportation. The most serious problem is the invasion of alien species. In the early days of maritime transportation, there were always merchants and passengers who brought some local species to another place for commercial or personal reasons. These species had no natural enemies in the new environment, which made them proliferate quickly and even endangered the development of local flora and fauna. As the author Bella S. Galil said in her article “A Sea Under Siege – Alien Species in the Mediterranean”: “Some invaders have outcompeted or replaced native species locally, severely reducing biodiversity” (Bella S. Galil 177). In addition to the competition between species, the parasites carried by living things are also a huge problem. Just like the author Erkki LeppäkoskiSergej Olenin says in his article “Non-native Species and Rates of Spread: Lessons from the Brackish Baltic Sea” that “an air flight of a few hours delivers species for aquaculture along with their parasites and other associated biota from one continent to another” (Erkki LeppäkoskiSergej Olenin 151). So, maritime transportation requires more strict safety checks to ensure that no biological invasion is caused.

The animals and plants that people carry in the maritime transportation will not only cause biological invasion, but also encourage the smuggling. Due to the large volume of cargo transportation, if there is no strict safety inspection, people will sell endangered species to profit and promote the extinction of those species. This behavior can also lead to environmental degradation and the loss of biodiversity.

On conclusion, the two main aspects of human activities which impact the marine environment - fisheries and transportation - must be scientifically and rationally managed. This is the only way to maintain the stability of the marine environment and keep sustainable development.

Works Cited