Organized Annotated Bibliography.

Sample Student Organized Annotated Bibliography

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Date:

Annotated Bibliography

Introduction:

Doane, G. (2002). In the spirit of creativity: the learning and teaching of ethics in

nursing. Journal Of Advanced Nursing, 39(6), 521-528. doi:10.1046/j.1365-

2648.2002.02320.x

Quote #1: “. . .modern thinkers felt that rather than being a natural trait of human life,

morality was something that needed to be created and injected into human conduct.”

Quote #2: “Seeing the rationalist theories and principles as too abstract and distant from

the complex, human milieu in which nurses work, and divorced from the everyday

activities of practice, nurse ethicists have argued that they fall short when dealing with

the relational and contextual nature of nursing care.”

Evaluative Annotation:

This source is helpful in introducing the topic of my argument to the audience. The

source itself discusses the development of a teaching process that nurtures not only the

caring and the critical spirit, but also the creative spirit of nursing. The first quote helps

bring to the point that moral values are thought to an individual and differ from person to

person. This helps to propose an idea to educate all nurses on a universal code of ethics

for administering patient care. The second quote brings into point what is wrong with the

current principles of nursing, and how they lack the ability to create a relationship with

the patient during nursing care. I will use these quotations in my introduction paragraph

to provide a background on the issue and build up to my thesis.

Thesis:

Though nurses understand the definition of patient care, they must learn the ethical duties

that go along with caring for a patient by attending ethical training classes.

Body Paragraph

Cortis, J., & Kendrick, K. (2003). Nursing ethics, caring and culture. Nursing Ethics,

10(1), 77-88. doi:10.1191/0969733003ne576oa

Quote #1: “The findings of this study have direct implications for nursing because they

suggest that the cultural dimension of nursing care is frequently ignored or

marginalized.”

Quote #2: “When care is rhetorical it can never be ethical.”

Evaluation Annotation:

This source is a study which explores the expectations and perceived experiences of

nursing care among the Pakistani community in Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK. It helps

to support the opinion that the patient care of today’s nurses is a rhetorical task which

requires little to none patient interaction. The study proves that nurses are performing

general patient care but make no effort for a deep nurse-patient connection. They express

no efforts to comfort or interact with patients they view as minorities. This is a prime

example why nurses must understand their ethical duties.

Body Paragraph

Leuter, C., Petrucci, C., Mattei, A., Tabassi, G., & Lancia, L. (2013). Ethical difficulties

in nursing, educational needs and attitudes about using ethics resources. Nursing

Ethics, 20(3), 348-358. doi:10.1177/0969733012455565

Quote #1: “Only 23.8% of the nurses have asked for advice about ethical problems, but a

majority of respondents stated that they would be willing to do so (90.3%).”

Quote # 2: “The high percentage of respondents who expressed the need for ethics advice

(90.3 %) highlights the need to increase ethical support services in healthcare facilities.”

Evaluation Annotation:

These are results from a questionnaire which was administered to 374 nurses

attending a specialist training and a lifetime learning program in Italy. It was a study done

by the University of L’Aquila, Italy, to see if medical institutions are able to effectively

support nursing care professionals during times of ethical difficulties. The results show

that 90.3% of the sample population expressed the need for ethical advice, concluding in

a need to increase ethical support services in healthcare facilities. This information shows

that nurses do not have the proper mental or emotional support when it comes to dealing

with an ethical dilemma with their patients. It presents the opinion that medical facilities

are not properly training nurses to deal with issues of ethics during patient care.

Body Paragraph

Milton, C. L. (2010). Nursing ethics and power in position. Nursing science quarterly,

23(1), 18-21.

Quote #1: “In fact, as the emphasis on professionalism continues to grow, nurses should

be able to demonstrate the significance of their unique perspective for different realms in

the health care arena, including those of ethics and moral reasoning.”

Quote #2: “As unique individuals, persons interact with the world in personal ways;

perception is subjective and based on individuality of experience, history, and context.”

Evaluation Annotation

This source discusses thoughts which oppose my thesis statement. The article explores

how a nurse’s distinct perspective on the moral matters of health care can stem from

knowledge developed through the daily activities of nursing practice. The first quotation

states how nurses are expected to have an exceptional perspective in any situation they

come across including those which require ethical reasoning. The second quote explains

that an individual’s perception is based on their environment and experience. So the

reaction of an individual in a moral dilemma is just as unique as the individual. You

cannot change an individual’s perception on a subject, but you can control how it is

channeled in a professional work environment. These quotations can help express the

idea that just because ethics cannot be changed in an individual doesn’t mean they cannot

be channeled in professional settings.

Conclusion

Blondeau, D. (2002). Nursing art as a practical art: the necessary relationship between

nursing art and nursing ethics. Nursing Philosophy, 3(3), 252-259.

Qoute #1: “Nursing art is subordinated to nursing ethics and as such is a moral art.”

Quote #2: “Nursing is conceived as a practical art, ethical considerations enter into the

carrying out of all activities.”

Evaluation Annotation:

This source is an article which compares nursing care on a scientific level versus nursing

care on an ethical level. The results expressed that no matter how scientific a nurse’ s

approach is in the patient’s healing process, it cannot be completed without real ethical

concerns. To care for a patient is an art of morals supported by an art of science. Some

nurses just need help understanding that statement. These quotations can help me close

out my last thoughts in my conclusion.