capstone final project about diy food app (industry analysis)
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Evgenia Novikova Preliminary Business Plan: “Your Local Food Truck”. BUSINESS DESCRIPTION PRODUCTS AND SERVICES Business Concept The Company will be running a food truck in Morningside Heights, New York, which will serve local, seasonal, high quality, gourmet food. Main population of the area consists of Columbia University students, who have a problem of getting healthy and high quality lunch quickly and for affordable price. The concept is unique, because the target can’t find this kind of offer in quick‑service restaurants, delis, coffee shops and street food vendors. There are only two places that serve local food in the area, but these are full‑ scale restaurants with higher prices and longer service. See Market and Competitive analysis section for more information. Menu All the key ingredients (fruits, vegetables, fish, seafood, poultry, meat, diary, grains) will be locally grown and produced. The menu won’t be skewed towards one type of ethnical cuisine: it will be simply prepared fusion. This strategy is partly determined by our “seasonal food” concept, which means that menu items will vary depending on the products availability. But the main reason is that this strategy (not sticking to one type of food) will allow us to be flexible, keep up with changing consumer preferences and food trends and always stay “hot”. To differentiate ourselves from existing and potential competitors, and to make it harder to reproduce the same concept, we will offer unique, “chef inspired” recipes. (see more in Competitive Analysis section) However, to be able to run business effectively, all food will be relatively simple to prepare, and number of menu items will be limited to three starters (“Small Bites”), one soup of the day and three entrees. Soup will always be vegetarian, while starters and entrees will have both vegetarian and non‑vegetarian options. We will also serve home‑made beverages, such as teas and lemonades, which a highly profitable. Below is an example of the menu:
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SOUP OF THE DAY Curried Cauliflower Soup Scallion | Lemon zest | Grilled onion | Seasonal Focaccia
SMALL BITES
Wild Salmon Mini‑Cakes Scallion | Chives | Cilantro Pesto Small Bite #2
Small Bite #3
ENTREES Local Portabella Burger Local Tomato | Wild Arugula | Avocado Mayo | Salsa Verde | Whole Grain Bun Entrée #2
Entrée #3
Atmosphere Realizing that people buy with their eyes, a lot of efforts will be put in the food truck’s image and atmosphere. Some of the elements will include:
Cool, stylish design Young, charming and chatty chef in black apron Music (if in compliance with local law) Vehicle that gives better view of food preparation process
The last point aimed to show consumers that all the food is prepared in clean environment, because it is very important for them. Of the consumers that have not visited a food truck, 16% cite cleanliness as the reason. Further, 51% of consumers that have used a food truck select a certain truck due to cleanliness1. Price Taking into account, that our target audience are students, we want to keep the prices low. However they can be slightly higher then prices for lunch food options in area’s cafes and delis, because of the added value we are offering, such as freshness, uniqueness, and gourmet recipes. Furthermore, a lot of research shows that consumers in general and students in particular are willing to pay more for local, organic and natural food. We suggest to set the following prices:
Starter/soup: $5‑6 Entrée: $9‑10
1 Wall, B. (2013, September). Mintel: Food Trucks – US – September 2013. Retrieved from Mintel: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2180/display/637817/
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MISSION STATEMENT Our company’s mission is to serve local, seasonal and high‑quality food for affordable price. We are committed to contribute to our community by supporting local farmers and offering our customers the best natural and fresh products all year around. We believe that even if you are a student, who is busy and on budget, you can still eat healthy and delicious food. BUSINESS MODEL Company’s revenue will come from selling food and beverages served from a mobile platform (food truck), which will operate in Morningside Heights neighborhood in New York. We will also be taken online orders and partner with Seamless to deliver the food, which will help to keep sales during cold time. GOALS Goal #1: Break even by Year 2. Goal#2: Increase number of customers by 14% in Year 2 and by 13% in Year 3 by acquiring new customers and keeping high retention rate.
Cust./ hour
Cust./ day
Cust./ year
% Growth
AOS Revenue/ year
% Growth
Year 1 14 98 34,300 10.0$ 343,000$ Year 2 16 112 39,200 14% 10.5$ 411,600$ 20% Year 3 18 126 44,100 13% 11.0$ 485,100$ 18%
LEGAL STATUS/OWNERSHIP Business will be formed as a sole proprietorship, as it is the simplest and the most common structure chosen to start a small business. The owner/proprietor of the business will be Evgenia Novikova. While the owner understands the risk of being personally responsible for any debts and obligations incurred by the business, sole proprietorship gives a lot of advantages, such as:
easy and inexpensive to set up lowest tax rate easy taxation reporting2
2 Sole Proprietorship. (n.d.). Retrieved from U.S. Small Business Administration: http://www.sba.gov/content/sole‐proprietorship‐0
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INDUSTRY ANALYSIS INDUSRTY DEFINITION3 Food Truck Industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in preparing and serving meals from a mobile truck. Food is normally prepared, stored and cooked on the truck. The truck may or may not use the same location each day and does not sell alcoholic beverages. Food trucks mainly compete with fast food, quick‑service restaurants and other street vendors. INDUSTRY SIZE & GROWTH RATE There has been a belief that food trucks are just a fad. But revenue trend shows that it is a viable and growing business. Even low consumer’s confidence level during the recession didn’t negatively influence the revenue stream. The reason for this is that more consumers recognized the value of healthy and gourmet food for affordable price. According to IBISWorld, industry’s revenue in US in 2014 is expected to reach $804mln and in the next 5 years will grow by 23% (with average annual growth rate of 4.2%)4. Even though the growth rate has slowed down, food trucks are known as one of the best performing segments in the broader food‑services sector.
3 Brennan, A. (2014, February). IBISWorld Industry Report OD4322: Food Trucks in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2354/reports/us/industry/default.aspx?entid=4322 4 Brennan, A. (2014, February). IBISWorld Industry Report OD4322: Food Trucks in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2354/reports/us/industry/default.aspx?entid=4322
317 320 340 401 447
536 662
716 770 804
855 893 944 976 985
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Food Truck Industry Revenue ($ mln)
+23%
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INDUSTRY STRUCTURE5
Food Trucks are now on the growth stage of the life cycle. Many new companies are entering the market, food trucks are gaining more popularity among consumers and the revenue growth rate is higher compared to the broader food‑service industry. Barriers to entry into the food truck industry are low. The main reason is that this type of business requires relatively low investments, at least much lower than brick‑and‑ mortar café or restaurant. That’s why the industry is highly fragmented and competitive: 4,121 food trucks are operating now in US, with the highest concentration in California and New York states. According to Zagat Survey, New York, NY is the highest food truck concentrated city6. There are no major players: even the best performing food trucks account for less than 1% of industry revenue. However it is important to be aware of external competition represented by quick service chains, cafes, delis, food carts and full‑service restaurants. Food Trucks on average have low profit margins (around 9%). That is why it is extremely important to have a loyal customer base and operate in the areas with low restaurant density and stable foot traffic. INDUSTRY TRENDS Economic trends
Consumer spending is growing. 2014‑2019 compound growth is expected to be 2.79%7.
Consumer confidence index is growing. 2014‑2019 compound growth is expected to be 5.0%8.
Agricultural price index is expected to increase by 2.9% from 2013 to 20189. Social trends
Need for speed. People’s life becoming busier. With still having 24 hours a day they don’t want to spend too much time for lunch, if it is not a family
5 Brennan, A. (2014, February). IBISWorld Industry Report OD4322: Food Trucks in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2354/reports/us/industry/default.aspx?entid=4322 6 Which U.S. City Has the Hottest Food‐Truck Scene?. (2012, February, 22). Retrieved from Zagat: http://blog.zagat.com/2012/02/which‐us‐city‐has‐hottest‐food‐truck.html 7 (2014, March). IBISWorld Business Enviroment Profiles: Consumer Spending. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2230/reports/us/bed/default.aspx?bedid=363 8 (2014, March). IBISWorld Business Enviroment Profiles: Consumer Confidence Index. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2230/reports/us/bed/default.aspx?bedid=93 9 (2014, January). IBISWorld Business Enviroment Profiles: Agricultural Price Index. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2230/reports/us/bed/default.aspx?bedid=4182
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dinner/business meeting or friends gathering. They are looking for quicker options. That’s why fast casual or quick‑serve segment, such as Chipotle has been the fastest‑growing part of the restaurant industry. Food trucks also meet the need of a time‑challenged consumer for a quick and quality meal10.
An appetite for local and organic food11. We will meet this need by providing food prepared from fresh, seasonal and organic ingredients.
An affinity for local, small and sustainable. Consumers love to leave local, and support local merchants. It gives them the sense of belonging and being part of the neighborhood12. Today’s consumers are more interested than ever in what they eat and where their food comes from, and this reflects in the menu trends. According to National Restaurant Association’s Culinary Forecast, top‑3 hottest menu trends in 2014 are expected to be:
o Locally sourced meats and seafood o Locally grown produce o Environmental sustainability13
Our food truck’s local concept (both in terms of neighborhood and food) will help us to build a community, personal relationships with consumers and will serve as a big advantage in competition with chain quick‑service restaurants.
Seeking healthy menu options. Consumers are becoming increasingly health conscious and try to avoid fatty foods when buying foot from street vendors or QSRs. Consumers are no longer willing to accept that choosing to eat street food also means sacrificing quality and healthy options14. According to 2013 Mintel
10 (2012, December). Intuit Network: Food Trucks Motor into the Mainstream. Retrieved from Intuit Network: http://network.intuit.com/wp‐content/uploads/2012/12/Intuit‐Food‐Trucks‐Report.pdf 11 Bloom, B. (2014, February). Mintel Reports: The Locavore: Attitudes toward Locally‐sourced Foods ‐ US ‐ February 2014. Retrieved from Mintel Reports: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2356/display/680572/ 12 Grabowsky, G. (2013, April). Mintel Reports: Living Local – US – April 2013. Retrieved from Mintel Reports: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2356/display/637827/ 13 What's Hot in 2014 culinary forecast confirms sourcing, nutrition trends (2013, December, 3). Retrieved from National Restaurant Association, News and Research: http://www.restaurant.org/News‐ Research/News/What‐s‐Hot‐in‐2014‐culinary‐forecast‐confirms‐sour 14 Brennan, A. (2014, February). IBISWorld Industry Report OD4322: Food Trucks in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2354/reports/us/industry/default.aspx?entid=4322
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report, 23% more consumers said they seek out healthier options in food trucks compared to 201215.
Technological trends Technology and social media influence food truck business in a variety of ways. First of all, due to mobile nature of the food trucks business, social media is becoming more and more popular method to connect with consumers and tell them about your current location and menu. Food trucks that are active on Twitter and Facebook and pay a lot of attention to digital marketing strategy (mobile applications, online order, GPS tracking) have a big competitive advantage. At the same time consumers tend to read and post reviews about their dining experience. And the main goal here is to make the customers happy. Because, in this case, they would share with friends and generate a positive word‑of‑mouth. It is also crucial to constantly monitor what people say about your brand online. Regulatory trends Regulations are one of the hardest obstacles to overcome in the food truck industry. They vary from state to state, and New York is known as one of the strictest cities in terms of regulatory rules16. For instance, in some areas food truck can’t park in front of brick‑and‑mortar restaurants or stay too long in one place. Regulations required by the departments of Health, Sanitation, Transportation and Consumer Affairs, sometimes contradict one another and can change frequently. MANAGEMENT TEAM & COMPANY STRUCTURE
Even though most of the food trucks are operated by owners only, our company will have CEO, four employees and one Intern.
15 Wall, B. (2013, September). Mintel Reports: Food Trucks – US – September 2013. Retrieved from Mintel Reports: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2180/display/637817/ 16 Brennan, A. (2014, February). IBISWorld Industry Report OD4322: Food Trucks in the US. Retrieved from IBISWorld: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2354/reports/us/industry/default.aspx?entid=4322
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Evgenia Novikova, the owner of the food truck will be the CEO, CMO and CFO at the same time. Combining several senior roles is typical for this type of small business. Evgenia Novikova has the following credentials, which will allow her to perform all the above functions:
Five years leadership experience (have managed 4 people) MS in Integrated Marketing degree from NYU 8 years of Market Research and Analytics working experience Comfortable working with numbers and financial information Passionate about food, cooking and healthy lifestyle Lives in Morningside Heights: know the area, the competition and the target very
well. For role descriptions of other team members see Operations Plan.
MARKET ANALYSIS MARKET SIZE AND SEGMENTATION Morningside Heights population is approximately 35,000 people17, based on Census’s Tracts. While we will serve all people leaving in the area the main target will be students of Columbia University and Barnard College: 25,004 in total with 14,238 being graduate students and 10,765, being undergraduate18 19.
TARGET MARKET & CUSTOMER PROFILE
Students: Columbia and Barnard College. The average age is 18‑35: Millennials
17 US Census Bureau. (2012). Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012 (by Tract). Retrieved from http://factfinder2.census.gov/ 18 Enrollment by school, gender and degree level, Fall 2013. (n.d.). Retrieved from Columbia University: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/opir/abstract/opir_enrollment_history_1.htm 19At‐a‐Glance. (n.d.). Retrieved from Barnard: http://barnard.edu/about/at‐a‐glance
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Millennial consumers are the driving force behind food truck sales. This group uses food trucks the most compared to all other groups20.
The target audience is rather diverse in terms of citizenship21 and gender22.
Customer profile Meet Tim and Amy
27 y.o. CBS students Busy with school and recruiting Achievers / Ambitious Value quality Outgoing Love to try new things
Market trends:
Young and educated people show more interest in local/organic food than market in general. 63% of consumers under 35 years old (vs 57.6% total population), said they would prefer to eat organic, if they have a choice23.
Students choose quick‑service restaurants for lunch More students are choosing healthy lunch options and are concerned about
health eating Local Insights: “Community Food & Juice” restaurant (serves local food) is one of the hottest places in Morningside Heights (but “overpriced”)24:
“Great food in the Columbia area. Everything is fresh, organic and very tasty. But it's a bit overpriced.”
20 Wall, B. (2013, September). Mintel Reports: Food Trucks – US – September 2013. Retrieved from Mintel Reports: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2180/display/637817/ 21 Headcount enrollment by school, race/ethnicity, and citizenship, Fall 2013. (n.d.). Retrieved from Columbia University: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/opir/abstract/opir_enrollment_ethnicity_1.htm 22 Enrollment by school, gender and degree level, Fall 2013. (n.d.). Retrieved from Columbia University: http://www.columbia.edu/cu/opir/abstract/opir_enrollment_history_1.htm 23 Statista (2011, May) Preference of food consumption in the United States 2011, by age. Retrieved from http://www.statista.com/statistics/244436/preference‐of‐food‐consumption‐in‐the‐united‐states‐by‐age/ 24 Community Food & Juice. Retrieved from Yelp: http://www.yelp.com/biz/community‐food‐and‐juice‐new‐ york
52% 48%
Female Male
42% 58%
International US Citizens
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“A Morningside Heights option that's healthy and vegan‑ and vegetarian‑ friendly. Personally, I often skip over this place because of the omnipresent line for a table and the higher‑than‑expected prices, but the food has never let me down.”
Columbia Greenmarket is a great success25:
“I come Thursday AND Sunday every week I can, despite the same vendors being there, simply for quality and value.”
“This place has become the highlight of my Sunday. Vegetables are ridiculously cheap. Eggs with orange yolks = healthy and amazingly delicious.”
“This is such a wonderful green market that graces the streets of Columbia. Buy local, support local!”
COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Five groups of competitors:
Food Trucks Chain Quick‑Service Restaurants (QSRs) Coffee Shops Grocery stores/Delis On‑Campus Cafeterias
Food Trucks Uncle Luoyang Food Truck (Regional Chinese Cuisine) Strengths:
Cheap: $4‑6 per meal Very loyal customer base (but mostly Chinese)
Weaknesess: No online presence Can be too niche for non‑Asians Image is also “cheap”
Chain Quick‑Service Restaurants Five Guys Chipotle Maoz Vegetarian Strengths:
Good quality (you know what you’ll get) Loyal customers Economy on scale Chipotle: Local, family‑farmed ingredients, “food with integrity” Maoz: “healthy and affordable alternative to fast food”
25 Columbia University Greenmarket. Retrieved from Yelp: http://www.yelp.com/biz/columbia‐university‐ greenmarket‐manhattan
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Weaknesess: It’s a chain (not something unique, local, personal) Not always healthy (still perceived as a fast‑food) Maoz: vegeterian only
Coffee Shops JOE Starbucks Strengths:
Friendly staff Loyalty programs Healthy lunch options Great coffee
Weakneses: Pricy Food is not a priority
Grocery Stores: Milano Market and Westside Market On‑Campus Cafeterias: Uris Deli and John Jay Strengths:
Big variety Make your own salad/sandwich
Weakneses: No branding Boring No personal attachmen
SWOT ANALYSIS Strenghts: • Low initial cost compared to brick‑and mortar cafes • Unique, gourmet, “chief‑inspired” cuisine • Feeling underserved need (quick high‑quality affordable lunch) • Personal touch: tightly focused on customers • Build‑Measure‑Learn: get instant insights from customers and improve • Ability to quickly and easily test new concepts, menus, recipes amd locations. • Easier to get permits because of the concept (“support local farmers”, “quality
food for students”)
Weaknesses: • Limited financial resources compared to chain QSRs • Depend on the food available each season (need to be creative)
Opportunities: • Partership with Columbia (meal plan/open on campus) • Become a chain and bring the concept to new locations
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• Delivery service Threats: • New potential competitors • Seasonality (summer break) • Potential market price increase on organic ingredients • Potential tightening restrictions on the food truck business in NYC
MARKETING STRATEGY AND DIFFERENTIATION
POTENTIAL SALES 1. Food truck will operate from 12 PM to 7PM seven days a week, all year around. 2. Assume that we need 2.5 minutes to serve one customers. That means on maximum we can serve 24 customers an hour (60/2.5=24) or 192 customers a day. As the reference, it is known that some trucks can reach 200 customers per day26. However we need to account for several factors.
3. Assume that after 4PM the traffic will be 25% lower: 24*0.75=18. That gives us 168 potential customers per day.
26 Mayyasi A. (2013, March, 14). Food Truck Economics. Retrieved from Priceonomics: http://blog.priceonomics.com/post/45352687467/food‐truck‐economics
12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM Avg. Total 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 192
12PM 1PM 2PM 3PM 4PM 5PM 6PM 7PM Avg. Total 24 24 24 24 18 18 18 18 21 168
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4. Also assume that there will be 25% less traffic on weekends. If we account for this it will give us 155 customers per day on average.
Customers/day % of days Weekdays 168 68% Weekends 126 32% Weighted Average 155
5. Even though we will be offering delivery, and try new locations in the area if needed, let’s assume that there still will be 25% less traffic during Summer (Summer break) and Winter (can be too cold to stay in the line or just go outside) seasons. It leaves on average with 135 customers a day or around 19 customers per hour.
Customers/day Autumn 155 Spring 155 Summer 116 Winter 116 Weighted Average 135
6. However we will consider more pessimistic scenario for the first year, and assume we will have only 14 customers/hour or 35,770 customers/year (14*7*350=34,300).
7. Average Order Size will be $10. Price Soup 5$ Small Bites 6$ Entrées 9$ Beverages 2.5$
8. Based on the information above Total Revenue for the first year will be 343,000. Below are the projection for Year 2 and Year 3. Cust./
hour Cust./ day
Cust./ year
% Growth
AOS Revenue/ year
% Growth
Year 1 14 98 34,300 10.0$ 343,000$ Year 2 16 112 39,200 14% 10.5$ 411,600$ 20% Year 3 18 126 44,100 13% 11.0$ 485,100$ 18%
Prob. of the order $/order Entrée only 25% $9.0 $2.25 Entrée +beverage 25% $11.5 $2.88 Soup+Starter 15% $11.0 $1.65 Soup+Starter+Beverage 15% $13.5 $2.03 Soup 5% $5.0 $0.25 Starter 5% $6.0 $0.30 Soup+Beverage 5% $7.5 $0.38 Starter+Beverage 5% $8.5 $0.43 AOS $10.15
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OPERATIONS PLAN BACK STAGE Hours of Operation Food truck will operate from 12 PM to 7PM seven days a week, 350 days a year. According to Mintel, the majority of food truck consumers visit food trucks during lunch (71%)27. However, taking into consideration the target (students), who doesn’t work normal office hours, we see economic value in extending “lunch hours” till 7PM. Location Food truck will be operating in the Morningside Heights neighborhood in New York, NY. The main reason for this location is the overall low restaurant density28 in this area with high pedestrian traffic29 at the same time. The majority of the area population is students, who have almost no places to quickly grab a healthy and high‑quality lunch.
Location and visibility of the food truck is a key element of success. 43% of consumers, who have not used a food truck during the last year, indicate the lack of food trucks where they live, work, or socialize as one of the top three reasons they have not visited. Meanwhile, 19% indicate they don’t know how to find food trucks. And 31% purchase from a food truck because they happen to be passing by30. Office Shared space (Coop – Green Spaces) Commercial Kitchen and Storage Rent 8‑11am (Hot Bread Kitchen in Harlem, 3 min away from food truck location)
27 Wall, B. (2013, September). Mintel: Food Trucks – US – September 2013. Retrieved from Mintel: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2180/display/637817/ 28 New York Restaurant Density. (n.d.). Retrieved from GeoCommons: http://geocommons.com/maps/13288 29 Pedestrian Activity Placemeter. (n.d.). Retrieved from NYC Business Atlas: http://maps.nyc.gov/businessatlas/ 30 Wall, B. (2013, September). Mintel: Food Trucks – US – September 2013. Retrieved from Mintel: http://ezproxy.library.nyu.edu:2180/display/637817/
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Suppliers Greenmarket (Bronx, 13 min). Building long‑term relationships with farmers. Government Licenses, permits, insurance, taxes, inspections FRONT STAGE Type of Vehicle New food truck (owned) Truck equipment Grill, oven, fridge, other (owned) Design Truck wrapping, menu board, branded packaging, branded aprons Communications Cooks/Servers, website (pre‑order), social media STAFF FUNCTIONS CEO/CMO: Marketing, Accounting, Analytics, Regulations Social Media Intern: social media updates, website maintenance, reviews monitoring Chief/Operations: overseeing commercial kitchen, truck operations, hiring and training the cooks, buying supplies. Cook/Server: Team 1 (2 people): work on commercial kitchen, prepare food for cooking, Team 2 (2 people): work in the truck: cooking and serving. Team1 and Team 2 are interchangeable Recruitment Policy
Passionate for food Great cooking skills Great communication skills Entrepreneurial mindset Multitasker Under 35 y.o. “One of you” (someone a customer can relate to) Driver’s license
Primary Source: Culinary schools and Culinary Arts Programs
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FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS COMMENTS AND ASSUMPTIONS Fixed Assets Note about depreciation include 1. Food truck. On average new food truck will cost around $60,000‑$70,000. It is possible to buy a new, retrofitted, designed truck with all basic equipment for $100,00031.
2. Kitchen Utensils. Include smaller kitchen inventories like pots, knives, blenders etc. 3. Register /POS System. Assume the cost is $1,25032. 4. Laptops. We will need two notebooks, one for the CEO and one for the Intern/Chef. Assuming each notebook costs $50033, total cost will be $500*2=$1000.
Total Revenue For information and assumption on the number of customers, average order size and total revenue, see section “Potential Sales”. Cost of Sales Expected cost of sales is 40% of the revenue. 35% account for the ingredients and 5% ‑ for paper goods and eating utensils. Cost of ingredients is calculated based on USDA wholesale prices for organic products. Operating Expenses Note about inflation. Assume yearly inflation is 10%. 1. Rent: Commercial Kitchen. We will rent a kitchen space in the Hot Bread Kitchen.
Kitchen will be used 3h a day, from 8 AM to11 AM, with a rent rate 17$/hour34. 2. Rent: Storage Space. We will rent a storage space in the Hot Bread Kitchen. Price is
$100/month35. 3. Rent: Coop Office Space. 2 desks for $550/month. All amenities (virtual office,
Internet, telephone, conference room and other) are included36. 4. Utilities: Fuel. Assume $500/month37. 5. Utilities: Other (water, electricity and other). Assume $4,000/year. 6. Marketing: Website creation and maintenance. The website will be build in‑house,
using Shopify platform. Monthly fee for Professional Membership is $7938. 7. Marketing: Events and promotion. Preliminary Marketing Budget is $15,000.
31 Rich Mintzer. (2011, July 24). Food Trucks 101: How to Start a Mobile Food Business. Retrieved from Entrepreneur: http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/220060 32 Richard Myrick. (July 2). How Much Does it Cost to Start a Food Truck Business. Retrieved from Mobile Cuisine: http://mobile‐cuisine.com/business/how‐much‐does‐it‐cost‐to‐start‐a‐food‐truck‐business 33 Laptops. Retrieved from Staples.com http://www.staples.com/Laptops/cat_CL167289 34 Costs. Retrieved from Hot Bread Kitchen: http://hotbreadkitchen.org/hbk‐incubator/costs 35 Costs. Retrieved from Hot Bread Kitchen: http://hotbreadkitchen.org/hbk‐incubator/costs 36 New York ‐ Membership Options. Retrieved from Green Spaces: http://greenspacesny.com/ 37 Poll: How Much Do You Spend On Fuel For Your Food Truck Per Month? Retrieved from Mobile Cuisine: http://mobile‐cuisine.com/features/poll‐how‐much‐do‐you‐spend‐on‐fuel‐for‐your‐food‐truck‐per‐month/ 38 Pricing. Retrieved from Shopify: http://www.shopify.com/pricing
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8. Salary and wage: Social Media Intern. Lunch (10$ per day) and travel (100$ a month) expenses are covered.
9. Salary and wage: Cooks/Servers (4 FTE). 15$ an hour/based on 10 hours a day in every second date (switch).
10. Salary and wage: Operations/Chief. $35,000/year. 11. Salary and wage: CEO. $35,000/year. 12. Other: Permits, Licenses, Certifications and Commissaries. $10,000 should cover all
permits and expenses associated with inspections, including: business license, food handler certification, health certification, and fire certification39.
13. Other: General Liability Insurance. Assume $3,500/year40. 14. Other: Truck Insurance. Assume $2,500/year41. 15. Other: Office supplies. Assume $500/month. Include supplies like pens, paper and
envelopes. All other supplies will be provided by the Coop Office. 16. Other: Maintenance. Assume $400/month 17. Other: provision for unexpected items. Assume $10,000 for unexpected expenses.
Period start 01Jul14 01Jul15 01Jul16 01Jul17 01Jul18 Period end 30Jun14 30Jun15 30Jun16 30Jun17 30Jun18 30Jun19
0 1 2 3 4 5 Total fixed assets 104,250 93,400 82,550 71,700 60,850 50,000 Food truck 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Initial price 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 Acum. depreciation at 10 years 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000
Kitchen utensils 2,000 1,600 1,200 800 400 0 Initial price 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Acum. depreciation at 5 years 400 800 1,200 1,600 2,000
Register / POS System 1,250 1,000 750 500 250 0 Initial price 1,250 1,250 1,250 1,250 1,250 1,250 Acum. depreciation at 5 years 250 500 750 1,000 1,250
Laptops 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 Initial price 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Acum. depreciation at 5 years 200 400 600 800 1,000
39 Mayyasi A. (2013, March, 14). Food Truck Economics. Retrieved from Priceonomics: http://blog.priceonomics.com/post/45352687467/food‐truck‐economics 40 Food Truck Start‐up Costs – A Realistic Breakdown. Retrieved from Upended: http://upended.net/post/25574021175/foodtruckstartupcosts 41 Food Truck Start‐up Costs – A Realistic Breakdown. Retrieved from Upended: http://upended.net/post/25574021175/foodtruckstartupcosts
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Period start 01Jul14 01Jul15 01Jul16 01Jul17 01Jul18 Period end 30Jun14 30Jun15 30Jun16 30Jun17 30Jun18 30Jun19
Income Statement 0 1 2 3 4 5
Days in operation 350 350 350 350 350 Hours per day 7 7 7 7 7 Customers per hour 14 16 18 19 20
Total traffic, customers per year 34,300 39,200 44,100 46,550 49,000
AOS, $ per customer 10.00 10.50 11.00 11.50 12.00 Total revenue, net of sales tax 343,000 411,600 485,100 535,325 588,000 Cost of sales 137,200 164,640 194,040 214,130 235,200 Expected gross margin 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0%
Gross profit 205,800 246,960 291,060 321,195 352,800 Total Operating Expenses, incl: 188,783 203,417 219,513 237,220 256,697
Rent: Commercial Kitchen 18,360 20,196 22,216 24,437 26,881 Rent: Storage Space 1,200 1,320 1,452 1,597 1,757 Rent: Coop Office Space 13,200 14,520 15,972 17,569 19,326
Utilities: Fuel 6,000 6,600 7,260 7,986 8,785 Utilities: General (water, electricity etc) 4,000 4,400 4,840 5,324 5,856
Marketing: Website creation and maintenance 948 948 948 948 948 Marketing: Events and promotion 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000 15,000
Salary and wage: Social Media Intern 1,400 1,540 1,694 1,863 2,050 Salary and wage: Cooks/Servers (4 FTE) 27,375 30,113 33,124 36,436 40,080 Salary and wage: Operations/Chief 35,000 38,500 42,350 46,585 51,244 Salary and wage: CEO 35,000 38,500 42,350 46,585 51,244
Other: Permits, Licenses, and Certifications 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 Other: General Liability Insurance 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 Other: Truck Insurance 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 Other: Office supplies 500 500 500 500 500 Other: Maintenance 4,800 5,280 5,808 6,389 7,028 Other: provision for unexpected items 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
EBITDA 17,017 43,544 71,547 83,975 96,103
Depreciation and amortization 10,850 10,850 10,850 10,850 10,850
Operating profit 6,167 32,694 60,697 73,125 85,253 Income tax @ 35% 2,158 11,443 21,244 25,594 29,839 Net income 4,009 21,251 39,453 47,531 55,414 Income Statement 0 1 2 3 4 5
Growth Revenue 20.0% 17.9% 10.4% 9.8% EBITDA 155.9% 64.3% 17.4% 14.4% Operating income 430.1% 85.7% 20.5% 16.6% Net income 430.1% 85.7% 20.5% 16.6% Profitability Gross 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% 60.0% EBITDA margin 5.0% 10.6% 14.7% 15.7% 16.3% Operating income 1.8% 7.9% 12.5% 13.7% 14.5% Net income 1.2% 5.2% 8.1% 8.9% 9.4%