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ElementsofCulturalEmotions.pptx
Elements of Cultural Emotions
Theodoric Manley, Jr. PhD
Explanations for Cultural Emotions
Constructionist
What people feel is conditioned by socialization
Emotions are constrained and channeled by sociocultural contexts
Biology
Emotions are the outcome of physiological changes in the body expressed through the sympathetic nervous system channeled by our brain
Hearing, seeing, touching, feeling, tasteing go through thalamus subcortical region of brian. AMYDGALA--CENTER OF FEAR RESPONSES IN THE SUBCORTEX
Cognition
Emotions are not formed until there is an appraisal of the objects or events in the situation. Once arousal has occurred perception and thought are implicated in the process
When biological cues are activated these biological can be subject to thought and reflection which alter the flow of emotional experience
Biological Emotion and Social Sentiments—Steven Gordon (1981)
Biological emotion (a physiological concept) is a configuration of bodily sensations and gestures in response to stimuli.
Social Sentiment involves “combinations of bodily sensations, gestures, and cultural meanings that we learn in enduring relationships (Gordon, 1981: p. 563).
Gordon argues that biological emotions such as anger and fear, become, shortly after childhood, transformed into cultural meanings that are organized around a relationship to a social object, often another person or group.
Theist's Elements of an Emotion: “Emotional Deviance: Research Agendas” (1990) by P. A. Thoits in Research Agenda’s in the Sociology of Emotions (pp. 180-203)
Interaction of Five Senses with Sixth Sense (Emotions)
Universal
Pain
Hate
Fear
Disgust
Shame
Love
Triggers
Class/Social
Status
Race/Ethnic
Gender
Sexuality
Social
Movements
Sociology of Cultural Emotions (Turner and Stets, 2005: p. 9)
Emotions involve certain elements.
The biological activation of key body systems;
Socially constructed cultural definitions and constraints on what emotions should be experienced and expressed in a situation;
The application of linguistic labels provided by culture to internal sensations;
The overt expression of emotions through facial, voice, and paralinguistic moves; and
Perceptions and appraisals of situational objects or events
Turner and Stets (2005) Intensity of Primary Emotions “On the Origins of Human Emotions” (p. 73),
| Primary Emotions--Universal | Low-Intensity | Moderate Intensity | High Intensity |
| Happiness— Satisfaction | Content, sanguine, serenity, gratified | Cheerful, buoyant, friendly, amiable, enjoyment | Joy, bliss, rapture, jubilant, gaiety, elation, delight, thrilled, exhilarated |
| Fear—Aversion | Concern, hesitant, reluctance, shyness | Misgivings, trepidations, anxiety, scared, alarmed, unnerved, panic | Terror, horror, high anxiety |
| Anger—Assertion | Annoyed, agitated, irritated, vexed, perturbed, nettled, rankled, piqued | Displeased, frustrated, belligerent, contentious, hostility, ire, animosity, offended, consternation | Dislike, loathing, disgust, hate, despise, detest, hatred, seething, wrath, furious, inflamed, incensed, outrage |
| Sadness--Disappointment | Discouraged, downcast, dispirited | Dismayed, disheartened, glum, resigned, gloomy | Sorrow, woeful, heartsick, pained, despondent, anguished, dejected, crestfallen |
Plutchik’s Model of Emotions—acceptance, surprise, fear, sorrow, disgust, expectancy, anger, and joy
Robert Plutchik (1962 and 1980) reasons that in the same way that colors are primary, and others are a mix of primary colors, some emotions are primary and other emotions are derived from them, and therefore secondary. He visualizes primary emotions as operating much like a color wheel, with “mixtures” of these primary emotions generating new and varied types of emotions in humans.
Physiological Changes
Expressive Gestures
Emotion Label
Situational Cues
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