Human Resource Management Ethics in Health Care Assignment 1

Human Value Development and the System of Public Law

Chapter 2

World view or value system

An inner subjective set of feelings, attitudes, beliefs, and opinions

Value Development (slide 1 of 3)

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Survival or Physiological

Safety

Belonging and Love

Prestige and Esteem

Self-actualization

Value Development (slide 2 of 3)

Hume’s Law

Unbridgeable gap between fact and value; between “is” and “ought”

Facts of physical universe can tell us what is

Our values guide us to understanding what ought to be as it relates to our behavior

Value Development (slide 3 of 3)

Preconventional (Age 3-7)

Punishment/Obedience

Egotism (satisfy one’s desires)

Conventional (Age 7-12)

Please others

Respect rules

Kohlberg’s Stage Theory of Moral Reasoning (slide 1 of 3)

Postconventional (12 and above)

Social contract

Personal conscience

Kohlberg’s Stage Theory of Moral Reasoning (slide 2 of 3)

Carol Gilligan

Kohlberg’s research methods flawed and gender biased

Separate value development pathway for females results in different highest values for each sex

Confirmed by profile developed by Isabel Myers and Katherine Briggs

Kohlberg’s Stage Theory of Moral Reasoning (slide 3 of 3)

Morris Massey

Historical time period in which individual is born shapes development of their world view

Value systems formed in first decade by families, friends, communities, significant events

“Who You Are Is Where You Were When"

Generational Theory (slide 1 of 4)

Traditionalist (born 1929-1945)

Great Depression and World War II

Conformity, stability, security

Baby Boomers (born 1946-1960s)

Civil rights, moon landings, freedom riders, calls for change

Personal and social expression, idealism, health, and wellness

Generational Theory (slide 2 of 4)

Generation X (born 1968-1989)

Programmed in an era of social change

Free agency, independence, cynicism, strive for balance in their lives

Millennials (born mid 1980s-2000)

Defined by events immediately following Cold War

Collaboration, social activism, tolerance for diversity, globally aware

Generational Theory (slide 3 of 4)

Generation Z (late 1990s-2025)

Foreign wars, September 11th and other terrorist attacks, both overseas and on homeland

Unsettled time; personal and fiscal insecurity

Masters at multitasking, techno-savvy, personally tolerant regarding social and ethnic diversity, thrive on instant gratification, fiscally pragmatic

Generational Theory (slide 4 of 4)

World view

System of thoughts, feelings, opinions, and beliefs with which we screen events occurring around us

Moral nihilism

There are no moral truths, moral rules, moral knowledge or responsibilities

Ethical relativism

All morality is relative to society in which one is brought up

World Views (slide 1 of 3)

World Views (slide 2 of 3)

Acts considered ethically wrong regardless of cultural orientation:

Rape

Slavery

Genocide

Torture

Sexism

Hedonistic value systems

Is and ought the same; individual devoid of other-regarding impulses

Standpoint theory

Try to adopt or listen to standpoint of most marginalized and vulnerable persons involved

World Views (slide 3 of 3)

Private Law

Deals with relationships between citizen and citizen, or with definition, regulation, and enforcement of rights in cases where both parties involved are private citizens

Public Law

Deals with relationships between private parties and the government; concerned with the state in its political or sovereign capacity

Constitutional

Administrative

Criminal

International

The System of Public Law (slide 1 of 6)

Constitution supreme law of the land; highest level of American law

If any conflicts exist between federal and state laws, federal laws must govern

Constitutional Law: national and state law that deals with organization, invested powers, and framework of government

The System of Public Law (slide 2 of 6)

Statutory Law: created by legislative bodies

Health care providers practice and licensure acts

Informed consent

Peer review

Good Samaritan Act

Living will statute

Competency determination

Emergency medical services

The System of Public Law (slide 3 of 6)

Administrative Laws: rules, regulations, orders, and decisions created by administrative agencies to implement their powers and duties

Rulemaking, adjudication, or enforcement of specific regulatory agenda

The System of Public Law (slide 4 of 6)

Criminal Law: prohibits conduct injurious to public order and provides for punishment of those found to have engaged in prohibited practices

Felony: serious breach of law; punishable by death or imprisonment in state or federal penitentiary

Misdemeanor: crime punishable by less than a year incarceration in jail or house of correction

The System of Public Law (slide 5 of 6)

International Law

Regulates relations of nations to each other

Customs and usages, treatise, and decisions of tribunals such as International Court of Justice and International Court of Human Rights

The System of Public Law (slide 6 of 6)

Law establishes the lowest level of expected performance

Codes of professional ethics often contain rules requiring us to stay within the law

Moral and ethical decisions are less prescriptive and may require a higher standard of conduct than law

Conclusion

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