Econ

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1, Diminishing Returns

What do economists mean by “diminishing returns” to an input? What causes diminishing returns? Have you ever observed this principle at work in a job you’ve had? Describe how you’ve experienced this concept in the real world.

2, Independent Trucking Analysis

Independent trucking is an industry that can be considered perfectly competitive. Draw a graph showing market supply, market demand, and equilibrium price and quantity. Draw a corresponding graph for the individual firm/trucker using the market equilibrium price and marginal cost curve. If you line up the two graphs horizontally, the equilibrium price should be the same on both graphs.

Now suppose that GDP increases as U.S. manufacturers produce more output. What impact will this have on the independent trucking industry in the short run, in terms of the market price, output of an individual firm, and market equilibrium quantity? Explain your reasoning. What impact will the increase in manufacturing output have in the long run? Show graphically and explain your reasoning.