case study4 full rough draft

mzpepper504

EasyBibSourcesAPA6.pdf

Home >English homework help >Article writing homework help >case study4 full rough draft

APA 6 – Understanding Citations

Generally, citations follow the below format:

Contributors. (Date). Title (Secondary Contributors). Publication Information.

Contributor Information and Titles

The main contributors of the source, normally the author, are placed before the title. If there is

more than one author, arrange the authors in the same order found in the source. Use the first and

middle name initials and the entire last name. Inverse all names before the title.

One author Smith, J. K. (Date). Title.

Two authors Smith, J. K., & Sampson, T. (Date). Title.

Three authors Smith, J. K., Sampson, T., & Hubbard, A. J. (Date). Title.

Eight or more Smith, J. K., Sampson, T., Hubbard, A. J., Anderson, J., Thompson,

T., Silva, P.,…Bhatia, N. (Date). Title.

Sometimes the main contributor is not an author, but another contributor type, such as an editor for

a book or conductor for a musical piece. In this instance, follow the contributor by an abbreviation of

the contributor type (i.e. Ed. or Cond.). If plural, then change the abbreviation accordingly.

One editor Smith, J. K. (Ed.). (Date). Title.

Two editors Smith, J. K., & Sampson, T. (Eds.). (Date). Title.

One conductor Smith, J. K. (Cond). (Date). Title.

YOU CAN ALSO AUTOMATICALLY CITE YOUR SOURCES FOR FREE AT WWW.EASYBIB.COM

One conductor Smith, J. K. (Cond). (Date). Title.

Many sources have secondary contributors - individuals who added to the work outside the main

contributors. This can include editors and translators for books, and producers and screenplay writers

for movies. Place secondary contributors after the title in parenthesis. List them in first initial,

middle initial, last name format and follow this by the contributor type abbreviation. Separate

different contributor types by semicolons.

One editor Smith, J. (Date). Title (B. McCoy, Ed.).

Two editors Smith, J. (Date). Title (B. McCoy & T. Thomas, Eds.).

One editor, two

translators

Smith, J. (Date). Title (B. McCoy, Ed.; B. Smith & P. R. Silva, Trans.).

Some sources may have corporate or group authors. Write these organizations where you would write

the author. If the organization is also the publisher of the source, write “Author” instead of repeating

the publisher name.

Corporate author American Psychological Association. (Date). Title.

Government author Illinois Department of Industrial Relations. (Date). Title.

Sometimes you will come across sources with no contributor information. In this instance, do no write

the date first. Instead, write the name of the title and then the date, then followed by the remaining

appropriate bibliographic data.

Webster’s dictionary. (1995). Spring-field, MA: Merriam-Webster.

APA 6 – Understanding Citations

Some sources are found within other sources, such as a chapter in a book, or an article in a

periodical. These rules apply both to the contributors of the chapter and book, or to the article. Note

when citing a chapter, the book contributors are preceded by “In.”

Chapter author and

translator, and book

editor and translator

Smith, J. (Date). Chapter title (B. McCoy, Trans.). In R. Engels (Ed.) &

S. Simpson (Trans.), Title.

Author and translator of

an article

Smith, J. (Date). Article title (B. McCoy, Trans.). Periodical Title.

Title Rules

Article titles and works within larger works, such as chapters, as well as informally published material

are not italicized. Main titles, such as those for books and journals, are italicized. Generally, capitalize

the first letter of the first word of the title or any subtitles, and the first letter of any proper nouns.

For titles of periodicals, such as journals and newspapers, capitalize every principal word.

Publication Information

After the contributor information and title comes the publication information. Below are different

publication information templates.

Book Contributor. (Date). Title. City of Publication: Publisher.

Journal Contributor. (Date). Article title. Title, Volume(Issue), Page Numbers.

Magazine Contributor. (Date). Article title. Title, Volume, Page Numbers.

YOU CAN ALSO AUTOMATICALLY CITE YOUR SOURCES FOR FREE AT WWW.EASYBIB.COM

Magazine Contributor. (Date). Article title. Title, Volume, Page Numbers.

Newspaper Contributor. (Date). Article title. Title, Page Numbers.

Include as much detail regarding the date as possible. See the below examples:

(2002, February 12), (2002, February), (2002, February-March), (2002).

If there is no date, use “n.d” instead, which means “no date.”

For any information unavailable, exclude the data point, and adjust the punctuation accordingly.

EasyBib will properly format your citation based on the information entered.

Note that page numbers for chapters of books and newspapers are preceded by “p.” or “pp.” [plural],

while those of magazines and journals are only written with numbers.

Additional information For less conventional source types, you can add descriptions about the source after the title in

brackets immediately after the title. For example, you can add “[Brochure]” after the title of a

brochure (separated by a space) to clarify what type of source you are citing.

When citing non-periodical sources, advanced information such as the edition, series, and page

information comes before the publication information and after the title grouped in the same

parenthesis. See the fictional example below:

Web Sources See our web resources guides to learn how to properly cite sources found online.

Smith, J. (2002). Power (5th ed., Vol. 12, Ser. 3) (T. Riley, Ed.). New York: Random.

APA 6 – Citing Online Sources www.easybib.com

Sources Published Directly Online

Website names: Sources published directly online have no in print originals, and therefore, it is important to include online publication information. With APA 6, this only means the URL. The new

APA guidelines suggest that a website name is unnecessary, given that it can be deduced from the

URL or by visiting the site.

URLs: Unlike APA 5, where you would often include the exact URL, APA 6 recommends to only cite the homepage URL, and only the exact URL if the page is not properly indexed or easy to find from

the homepage. For blog posts, user contributed content, and discussion forums, APA 6 recommends to

include the exact URL.

Date retrieved: Unlike APA 5 where the date of retrieval is included in every online citation, APA 6 recommends to include it only if the source material may change over time. Also keep in mind that

you can use “Available from” instead of “Retrieved from” when the URL leads to information on how

to obtain the cited material rather than to the material itself.

DOIs: If an article has a digital object identifier (DOI) number, you need only the DOI number, and no URL or retrieval date.

Citing an article from an online only resource

Freidland, L. (2008, September 22). Top 10 natural and wildlife adventure travel trips. Retrieved from http://adventuretravel.about.com

YOU CAN ALSO AUTOMATICALLY CITE YOUR SOURCES FOR FREE AT WWW.EASYBIB.COM

Citing an entire website with no identifiable electronic publication date

EasyBib.com. (n.d.). Retrieved June 22, 2009, from http://www.easybib.com

Citing an article from an online only news source

Chen, S. (2009, May 7). Growing up is hard with mom in prison. Retrieved http://www.cnn.com

Citing an article from an online newspaper

Shorto, R. (2009, April 29). Going Dutch. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com

Note that when citing online sources in APA, generally follow the same structure of its in print

equivalent, and then follow this information with the date of access and the URL.

Glotzer, R., & Federlein, A. (2007). Miles that bind: Commuter marriage and family strength. Michigan Family Review, 12, 7-31. Retrieved June 22, 2009, from http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/textidx?c=mfr;cc=mfr;q1=Miles%20that%20Bind;rgn= main;view=text;idno=4919087.0012.102

Citing an online only journal

*Note the above example has a poorly indexed URL and the material may change over time.

APA 6 – Citing Online Sources

Oakley, R. (2004). How the mind hurts and heals the body. American Psychologist, 12(1), 25- 47. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.59.1.29

Citing a journal article with a digital object identifier

If you are citing an online only book, the electronic information replaces the publication information

Eckel, B. (n.d.). Thinking in java (3rd ed.). Retrieved from http://www.bruceeckel.com

Online-only book

Sources Published Indirectly Online

As opposed to some sources published directly online (by a website), other sources may be originally

in print, or in another medium, and found online. Cite these sources as you would in their original

form, and then add the relevant web information (date accessed and URL).

Citing a book originally in print found online

Catton, B. (2005). The Civil War. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. Retrieved from http://www.books.google.com

Citing a newsletter found online with no page information

Puzzanchera, C. (2009, April). Juvenile arrests 2007. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Retrieved from http://www.ncjrs.gov

YOU CAN ALSO AUTOMATICALLY CITE YOUR SOURCES FOR FREE AT WWW.EASYBIB.COM

Citing a video found online

West, K. (2009). Amazing [Online Video]. Roc-A-Fella Records. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=at4OQvNlxSw

Citing a painting viewed online

Picasso, P. (1921). Three musicians [Painting found in Modern Art Museum, New York]. Retrieved from http://www.artquotes.net

Sources found in online databases typically have been published elsewhere. Include as much as the

original publication information as possible, and the database name.

Citing an originally in print journal article found in a database

Ahn, H., & Kim, K. (2008). Using genetic algorithms to optimize nearest neighbors for data mining. Annals of Operations Research, 263(1), 5-18. Retrieved from Academic Search Premier

*Note that because this from a website with user generated content, the exact URL is included, instead of the homepage.

Citing a blog post

Schonfled, E. (2009, September 13). Shutterfly buys Tiny Pictures for a tiny price. Retrieved from http://www.techcrunch.com

*Note that because blog posts are informally published, do not italicize the article titles.

APA 6 Reference Guide

��

www.easybib.com

��

�� ! ��

� ��

��

�� "��# �� $��

� ��%��&'�� %%��&()

��

�� "��# �� $� ��

� �&()�� &)�

�� *�� &+++�� ! �"�� "��## �� $��,��-��"��

��,��.�� &+/+��.�0�� 1��2 ��3��1� �� !� � �� $�� ! ��2�0�� 4��5�5��2� ��6��1%��

� ��1��#�� '77/��%��1�� '+��3��1�8��$�� $��0�� $��"��%& �

��1%��#�� '77/��%��1�� '!��9�� $�� 8�� 4�� "� �'�� (�$�� %��#&:�

� ��

YOU CAN ALSO AUTOMATICALLY CITE YOUR SOURCES FOR FREE AT WWW.E ASYBIB.COM

��

�� 6�� # �� (�$�� )� $ � ��$��

�0��#�� &! � ��&'�� )(+

��

�� "��# ��-�� ,�� "�� 8 �1�;-�

"�� %�� "��#��

� ��

�� # �� (�$�� )� $ � ��$��-�� ,�� "�� 8 �1� "��

��

� ��&'�� )(+� �� %*!

(�$�� %��#&:�

3�� 0�<��6�5� ��=�� '77/�� 8�%��0��%��1�4� �� +� � ��,�� &-��!+/(!++��

� �� '77/��%��1�� ''��%�&7�� 0��8��,�� ,�� %�� -�� ,��8 �1��%�>>��,�� ,��1

?#�� $��.��/01�� .�� !��*�#�� $�� !��$��!�� *

#��.��6�=�1��=�� '77/��;��$�$��$� ��1� ��%��1�@�� $�� 8� �� 1��$�� !�2��0�� %3� &��)(&/��-�� ,��8 �1��#��1�� 1��

?#�� $�� !��$��!�� *

��

� ��

��

�� !�� "### $

��

��!�� % � "###$� ��

�� !� �! ��"""�� #�#��

��

��!�� % �"###� ��

��

� � �� &�

'�� "##"$� �� (

)�� '� �� *��"##"$

� �� +��,� ��+��&�� *�+�� -. ./$

��

� � �� ,�� 0� ��1��

��!�� '�� -...$� ��(

�� -...$

� � �� 0� ��1��

2��&�� 3�� "##4$

�� $�� 0� ��1� ��

+� ��5�� 6��,��7�� "##/$

�� !� �! ��"""�� #�#��

+� ��5��7��8�� 8� ��!�� &� �� "##4$

+� ��5�� "##/$

+� ��5��7�� "##4$

'� �� ,�� ,�� $��&�� ,� � ��&� �� ,��

��

� �� 9�� :�9�;��-...$

� ��,�� 9��-...$

��

�� $�� &�� <��

� �� ,�� -. �� -.=4$

� �� 0>�� 1�"##"$

��

� � �� ,��

��+��+�� !�� % � �� "###$��+��5��+� �� "##-$� ��

� �� +��5��+�� "##- $

�� !� �! ��"""�� #�#��

��

�� & ��

��,�� +� ��-..4��-..=��"###$

��& ��

5�� !�� "###��"###�$

��

?�� 7��"###@�!�� "##A$�

��

�� 0��1� �� B �� & �� ,�� 0 �� 1�� ,�� 0?�� 1

�� $

!�� -.=/$

� ��

7� �� -.."��-"$

> �� ,�� ,��

'��-...��4�=$

!�� *� �� &� ��-../��'�� /$

�� !� �! ��"""�� #�#��

!�� *� �� &� ��-../��'�� /$

��

7��"###��/C$

D��"##"�� "$

E�� ,�� &�� ,��,�� F�� '� ��

9��)��G�� 9��-H��"##/ $

� �� +��!�� ,��6�� -C��"##=$

!��

��

� ��

��

�� !��" ��!��# � �� !�� $% %&�

�� '��$%%%�

��

( �� (�� )�� ( �� *()(+��$%%%�

�� ,��"�� ()(��$%%%�

�� !� "��" ��#��#��$�#�$#�� %%%�� &"&��!

�� ,��"�� ()(��$%%%�

��

�� - � �� "�� $%�� $%./�

�� 01,�� 2��

� ��

�3�� $%%��,'�$��

��,��$%%%��,,'�/4.�

�� 5�� #��$%%&��,��&�

�3��,��'�&6�

�)'��'�7��,�� )��$8��& �

( �� !'�� ,�� " ��9�� $6��.�

��

easybib-apa-understanding.pdf
easybib-apa-web.pdf
easybib-apa-guide.pdf
easybib-apa-parenthetical-guide.pdf
easybib-apa-parenthetical-onesheeter.pdf