Topic 3 DQ 1 and DQ 2

Section 1: In this section provide one word to describe each section of your proposed PICOT question

P

CVC patients

I

Hygiene of hub

C

Other hospitals

O

Low CLABSIs

T

Two Months

Criteria and Defining Characteristics

Article 4:

Amal Ahmed; Patricia M Davidson,

Phyllis W Sharps

IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS)

e-ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 5, Issue 6 Ver. I (Nov. - Dec. 2016), PP 150-154.: Nursing Practice for Prevention of Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection (CLABSI) in A Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Amal Ahmed and his team draw their research on the efficacy of training of nurses over the prevention of Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in neonates and children, through the exploitation of a questionnaire defining their socio-demographic data and their practical skills.

Article 5:

 Maria Rosaria Esposito, Assunta Guillari, Italo Francesco Angelillo

Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale

Knowledge, attitudes, and practice on the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections among nurses in oncological care: A cross-sectional study in an area of southern Italy

Maria Rosaria, Assunta Guillari, and Italo surveyed the nurses relating to their knowledge about the evidence-based practices for the Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), their attitude towards the guidelines and the utilization of the hygienic measures for the Central Venous Catheter (CVC) patients. They established the discrepancies in the praxis, by the different nursing Pedagogics.

Article 6:

M. Hentrich, E., Schalk, M.

Schmidt-Hieber, I.

Chaberny, S. Mousset, D.

Buchheidt, M. Ruhnke, O.

Penack, H. Salwender, H.

Wolf, M. Christopeit, S.

Neumann, Maschmeyer &

M. Karthaus:

Central venous catheter

related infections in

hematology and

oncology:2012 updated

guidelines on diagnosis,

management and

prevention by the

Infectious Diseases

Working Party of the

German Society of

Hematology and Medical

Oncology

M. Hentrich et al

highlighted the increased

incidence of catheter

related infections (URIs) in

the cancer patients, through

an email-based survey.

They substantiated the

epidemiology,

Pathophysiology as well as the diagnostic measures to evaluate the probability of CRIs. They have advocated certain prophylactic measures to eradicate the incidence of CRIs or Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), based on the opinions of the experts as well as the analysis of the research literature

Abstract 

After reading the abstract what do you expect to learn from the article?

A study was conducted for the CLABSIs prevention including the nursing education and hub hygiene in children ICUs. It reveals significant compliance with protocols by nurses. However, there may be discrepancies in crystalloid fluids and Line changes

A study was conducted to delineate the knowledge and practices in nursing of varied age groups through questionnaire and revealed the discrepancies in the same.

The study entails the opinions of oncologists that cancer patients have high preponderance rates of catheter-related infections.

Introduction: Summarize the following in paragraph form.

• What is the purpose of the study?

• What is the scope of the study?

• What is the rationale for the study?

• What is the hypothesis or research question?

• What key concepts and terms are noted?

• Is a review of the literature provided?

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the compliance with evidence-based practices to curtail CLABSIs as well as to identify the barriers to its implementation.

The scope of the study is to formulate and implement effective guidelines to maintain ICU and non-ICU neonatal patients with central lines to curtail CLABSIs.

The rationale of study to choose reflects the contemporary practices in the maintenance of patients with CVCs.

The hypothesis of the study is the efficacy of hygiene maintenance in the preponderance of CLABSIs rates in patients with CVCs.  

The key concepts of the study are CVCs, Central bundle maintenance, CLABSIs, evidence best practices.

Review of literature is provided.

The purpose of the study is to adjudged the uniformity in the contemporary practices by nurses of various ages.

The scope of the study is to identify the gaps in the nursing practices.

The rationale of this study is to formulate a uniform protocol for hospitalized patients’ management.

The hypothesis framed in this study is to know discrepancies in the pragmatic patient management practices. The key concepts in the study entail CLABSIs, ICU patients with CVCs, dressings, hygiene hub.

The literature review is offered briefly. 

The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence of CRIs in cancer patients through analysis of various studies.

The scope of the study reveals the formulation of the best evidence-based practices to reduce device-related infections.

The rationale of the conducted survey is to develop efficacious interventions to reduce infectiously.

The hypothesis is to know the relevance of various interventions in reducing device-related infections.

The key concepts are related to interventions.

There is a literature review offered in the report.

Methods: Summarize the following in paragraph form.

• What is the population being sampled?

• What is data collection procedure presented?

• What other procedures are described?

The population being sampled in the study is 120 pediatric ICU nurses.

The data tools were exploiting the practices of nurses in pediatric ICU.

Data were collected for 2months through pragmatic nursing observations.

The analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics through SPSS Statistics, Version 16.0

 335 nurses were intrigued through the questionnaire to adjudged their pragmatism. The data collection methods are questionnaire responses.

The chi-square and t-test are exploited for data analysis.

The study reviews the other scholarly articles related to interventions in infection preventions

Data collection is done by review of the other related articles.

Results: Summarise the following in paragraph form.

• What are the given findings?

• How was data collected?

• Are the findings supported by graphs and charts?

• What does the analysis of data state?

The findings revealed that there was compliance with hub hygiene procedures in the CLABSIs prevention.

The study has related charts. Data analysis state variations in nursing practices to substantiate the decline in CLABSIs rate, though the basic hygiene is compiled.

The findings reveal that unique variation in the nursing practices.

The data is through questionnaires.

There are various charts that support the findings. 

The analysis of data state that the discrepancies in the nursing pragmatism.

The findings reveal that the efficacy of diagnosis and management techniques in preventing CR infections.

The data is collected by computer analysis of other articles.

The findings are supported by the relevant charts. 

The analysis of data state that the appropriate diagnosis and management are critical for infections prevention in cancer patients.

Conclusion: Summarize in paragraph form.

• What is the summary of the study?

• What is the conclusion of the hypothesis?

• What are the questions for future research?

The summary of the study reveals the absence of a uniform protocol for maintenance of ICU patients. Therefore, uniform protocol formulation and monitoring for adherence are necessitated.

The conclusion of the hypothesis is variations in contemporary nursing practices for ICU patients.

The future research requires identification, further interrogation, and documentation of the best evidence-based practices as a routine protocol for reducing CLABSIs in ICU patients.

The study conducted a sample analysis of nurses of varied ages and substantiated the variations in their practical approaches.

Therefore, the report suggests further interrogation and re-education of nurses for the best uniform protocol is necessitated.

The summary of the report reveals that appropriate diagnosis and interventions during and post catheter insertions are efficacious to prevent CRIs.

References

• What is the total number of references used in the study?

• List two of the references used.

The total number of references is 19. 

1. Alexandrou E, Spencer TR, Frost SA, Parr MJ, Davidson PM, Hillman, KM. (2010). A review of the nursing role in central venous cannulation: implications for practice policy and research. J Clin Nurs 19(11‐12), 1485-1494.

2.Almuneef MA, Memish ZA, Balkhy HH, Hijazi O, Cunningham G, Francis C.(2006): Rate, risk factors and outcomes of catheter-related bloodstream infection in a pediatric intensive care unit in Saudi Arabia. / Hosp Infect; 62:207-213.

The total number of references is 36. 

1. Vaz LE, Kleinman KP, Kawai AT, Jin R, Kassler WJ, Grant PS, et. al. Impact of Medicare's hospital-acquired condition policy on infections in safety net and non-safety net hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015; 36: 649–55. https://doi.org/10.1017/ice.2015.38 PMID: 25732568

2. AHRQ Projects to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections, Fiscal Year 2011. October 2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. Available from: http://www.ahrq.gov/sites/default/ files/publications/files/haify11.pdf. Accessed October 1, 2015.

It included 155 research articles for review.

1. Dettenkofer M, Ebner W, Bertz H et al. Surveillance of nosocomial infections in adult recipients of allogeneic and autologous bone marrow and peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2003; 31: 795–801.

2. Boersma RS, Jie KS, Verbon A et al. Thrombotic and infectious complications of central venous catheters in patients with hematological malignancies. Ann Oncol 2008; 19: 433–442.