week 5 peers responses

Juan Tello

Cognitive Behavioral therapy - Main post Attachment

COLLAPSE

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy's primary focus is to aid society by preventing and treating mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy may either be conducted individually or in a group of people affected with the same (Li et al., 2020). An individual therapy setting only involves the therapist and client. Individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy allows for the development of the client's self-awareness and helps maintain the confidentiality of their issues. On the other hand, a group setting is mainly composed of one therapist and more than one client who are treated simultaneously. The group members benefit emotionally as they support each other in the shared experiences.

A psychiatric-mental health nurse practitioner may encounter several challenges while offering help in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy either individually or in a group setting. The client's age is one of the reported challenges (Rodriguez et al., 2021). Some therapists reported that working with children is more challenging, and the intervention may resonate when working with adolescents. Therapists in an organization such as schools may encounter challenges such as having less time for each session than recommended. This may affect the output of the therapist's exercise. They may also face the challenge of getting little or no support in their work setting.

To offer better and quality cognitive behavioral therapy to society, intervention needs to be implemented to curb the therapist's challenges. More training should be conducted on the service providers so that they may be in a better position to handle any age group. Organization management should also offer adequate support and time to the therapy setting and sessions to prevent and treat mental health issues. Additionally, the client may take the group or individual cognitive behavior therapy depending on the person's preference, goal, and available therapist sessions.

cognitive_behavioral_therapy_competence_scale_ccs_initial_development_and_validation.pdfThe Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Depression_Anxiety_and Stress in Patients With COVID-19_A Randomized Controlled Trial.pdf References

Li, J., Li, X., Jiang, J., Xu, X., Wu, J., Xu, Y., ... & Xu, X. (2020). The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on depression, anxiety, and stress in patients with COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in psychiatry, 11.

Rodriguez-Quintana, N., Choi, S. Y., Bilek, E., Koschmann, E., Albrecht, J., Prisbe, M., & Smith, S. (2021). The Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Competence Scale (CCS): initial development and validation. the Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 14.

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Wilson Cruz

Week 5 forum

COLLAPSE

Cognitive-behavior therapy emphasizes the need for attitude change to promote and maintain behavior modifications. Understanding cognition makes it possible to identify factors that trigger and maintain dysfunctional emotional and behavioral patterns (Beck cited by Nichols & Davis, 2020).

CBT has strong evidence that it can bring positive outcomes based on treatment for various mental health problems (Ashbaugh et al., 2021). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has the characteristics of problem-focused and action-oriented, where therapist and patient work together to a very narrow focus in specific areas for improvement and then try to restructure the behavior. The patient will have some homework to practice. The first step is to identify the problem, the second step is to create options for alternative behavior, and the third step is put into practice.

The application of CBT in group therapy is based on people interested in working on their individual problems in a group setting. For example, we may be working with a group of eight teenagers who are using marijuana and are interested in stopping smoking it due to undesired consequences if their families know that they are using drugs. There are some benefits to working on this problem in a group setting, such as stimulating social behavior. They can get feedback from multiple sources, reducing the feeling of isolation (unique problem) and making them feel part of the community. Another positive aspect it can become accessible therapy by being affordable for each member rather than doing the therapy; studies comparing cost and outcomes concluded that CBT in the group was cost-effective compared to pharmacotherapy or no treatment (Natsky et al., 2020).

The CBT in group therapy may also have negative aspects and challenges the therapist. For example, the normalization of the symptoms and learnings of negative techniques.

The normalization of the symptoms, for example, occurs when a member of the group may start to believe that his/her problem is not as bad as he has been thinking. Because many other people have the same problem, what I am doing is not so bad as I see other people doing. A member who smokes marijuana during the weekends learned that some of them smoke every other day, and some even smoke every day; therefore, I am doing ok not so wrong, and I do not need to work so hard to change my problem. The therapist must be prepared to show the realistic consequences and problems for their health and family relationship that a member may have if they continue smoking marijuana.

The learning of negative techniques may happen when members present the problem and share manners of hiding them from their parents. For example, using eye-drop to clear the redness of eyes; avoiding kisses and hugs to family members do not figure out the smell of the marijuana; or to store the marijuana in secret spots in their bedroom where their family members will not find the drug. The therapist must be aware of counter-productive advice that may arise during the group therapy session. They must re-direct the subject to create a cognitive restructuration goal of the therapy; smart is not the person who can hide drugs in his bedroom but is brilliant, who does not smoke marijuana. The idea of hiding the drug in a “good spot” is less rewarding than the central goal of the therapy that is quitting smoking marijuana. CBT training, supervision is an essential component of the experiential and interactive learning elements of training that help promote consolidation (Murr et al., 2020).

References

Ashbaugh, A.R., Cohen, J.N. & Dobson, K.S. (2021). Training in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): National training guidelines from the Canadian Association of cognitive and behavioral therapies, Canadian Psychological Association, 62(3), 219-251, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cap0000224

Murr, S., Nicklas, L.& Harper, S. (2020). How does supervision aid cognitive behavior therapy skill development? Perspectives of CBT trainees: a thematic analysis. Cognitive Behavior Therapist, 13, 1-16. 10.1017/S1754470X20000422

Natsky, A.N., Vakulin, A., Coetzer, C.L., Lack, L., McEvoy, R.D., Lovato, N., Sweetman, A., Gordon, C.J., Adams, R.J. & Kaambwa, B. (2020). Economic evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) for improving health outcomes in adult populations: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Review, 54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101351

Nichols, M.P. & Davis, S.D. (2020). The Essentials of Family Therapy, (7th ed.). Pearson CSC.