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The Respiratory System and Its Relation to the Cardiovascular System

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Organs Selected

  • The primary organ system selected was the respiratory system.
  • The secondary organ system that will be discussed is the cardiovascular system.
  • Also known as the circulatory system.
  • The respiratory system comprises the nose, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveoli, and trachea.
  • The cardiovascular system comprises the blood, the heart, and the blood vessels.

Respiratory System

  • Incorporates the breathing activity to take in oxygen and take out carbon IV oxide in human beings.
  • It is located in the thorax anatomically.
  • The respiratory system is divided into;
  • The upper tract
  • The lower respiratory tract

Parts of a Respiratory System

  • The upper respiratory tract is made up of;
  • The nose
  • Larynx
  • Pharynx.
  • The lower respiratory tract comprises of;
  • The bronchi
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveolar duct
  • Alveoli
  • Trachea.

Basic Structures of the Respiratory System

  • The respiratory system has two basic structures that enable it to conduct its functions effectively.
  • The two basic structures are;
  • The conducting portion
  • The respiratory portion (Paxton, n.d.)
  • The main function of the conducting portion is to condition the inspired air by;
  • Humidifying it
  • Warming it
  • Filtering it.

Cardiovascular System

  • The heart pumps blood all over the body.
  • Oxygenated blood is brought to the body organs, and the de-oxygenated blood is taken from the body organs through the blood vessels, which form part of the cardiovascular system. 
  • The respiratory system plays a crucial role in ensuring that de-oxygenated blood is oxygenated.
  • The cardiovascular system plays a crucial role in ensuring that the oxygenated blood is circulated to the body organs and the de-oxygenated blood is ferried to the lungs (Lehrer et al., 2020). 

Relationship Between Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

  • The two systems work together to ensure that all the other body parts have oxygen to promote their effective working. 
  • The two systems work together to maintain homeostasis in constant exchange.
  • There are numerous blood vessels in the lungs to absorb oxygenated blood into the circulatory system to be delivered to other body parts.

Illnesses Affected the Respiratory System

  • One illness that affects the respiratory system is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  • It is an inflammatory illness that causes the lungs to swell due to obstructed airflow from the lungs.
  • Common symptoms include cough, difficulty in breathing, unintended weight loss, lack of energy, swelling in feet, ankles, legs, mucus production, and wheezing (Eapen et al., 2017).
  • Caused by long-term exposure to particulate matter due to cigarette smoking or irritating gases
  • Increases the risk of getting lung cancer, depression, respiratory infections, high blood pressure in lung arteries, and heart disease. 
  • The prevention measures that can be taken include quitting smoking and getting an annual flu vaccination and regular vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia to reduce infection risks (Kopsaftis et al., 2018)

References

  • Castro, J. (2014, March 14). Gasp! 11 surprising facts about the respiratory system. livescience.com. https://www.livescience.com/44105-respiratory-system-surprising-facts.html
  • Eapen, M. S., Myers, S., Walters, E. H., & Sohal, S. S. (2017). Airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a true paradox. Expert review of respiratory medicine, 11(10), 827-839.
  • Kopsaftis, Z., Wood‐Baker, R., & Poole, P. (2018). Influenza vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (6).
  • Lehrer, P. M., Vaschillo, E. G., & Vidali, V. (2020). Heart rate and breathing are not always in phase during resonance frequency breathing. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback, 45(3), 145-152.
  • Paxton, S. (n.d.). Respiratory: The histology guide. Home: The Histology Guide. https://www.histology.leeds.ac.uk/respiratory/respiratory_disease.php#