Urgent Responses Needed - 8 Hours

1st experiment -   MONICA GAGLIANO:  How does a plant in a restricted "Y" shaped container have their roots turn toward the pipes with water in therm? She purposely removed any aspect of the water getting on the outside of the pipe, but the roots still went to the pipe where the water was.

2nd experiment. two different options, using same plants and "Y" shaped mechanism for roots to grow in two different ways. 1. MP3 player with water sounds. 2. Speaker that plays nothing. The roots can go in either direction. After the 5th day, the plants roots went straight to the sound of water. We are obsessed with brain as humans and believe that if you do not have brains you cannot do much. 

2nd experiment - Monica's third experiment consists of symmetrical plant has a reflex skill called a defensive mechanism and can the plant will curl its leaves when a predator approaches. If you touch a leaf, you can see this occur. Monica created a horrible contraption that is a "Drop-Box" in which she puts the plants inside and she drops them onto a padded foam base. The plant reacted and the plant closes its leaves. After several times of repeating, the plant stopped closing its leaves. The plant realized that it remembered the drop did not hurt and did not close up. She shook them and they closed up, they realized that there was not any harm being done. So, plants remember. She continues with a parachute drop and remembered three days prior to the plants relaxing and did not react to the fall and closing up. After 28 days, the plants still remembered what had happened. She said she ran out of time and the plants were still remembering how to react or not react to situation.

She got some dogs, meat and a bell. The idea was to associate the bell with getting meat. The dogs got the idea when the bell rang, they got meat. One time, He rang the bell and did not bring meat. Could a plant do the same? So she did an experiment with a plant that consisted of pea plants in a dark room with food of led light. Dinner is represented by the light. 3 days later, she continued with the light so that the plants would grow toward the plant and tilt toward the light. A fan was used as a stimulus to have the fan next to the light and the fan and the light came from the same direction. The pea plant responded. Fan first and light after, the plants responded just the same. Eventually, she wondered if there was only a fan would it respond the same way? She moved the fans and the pea plant were left in dark room. Then the next day, she went into the room and had a red headlamp and looked at the plants and she saw the plant turned and moved toward the fan expecting the light. Association of plant to light and food.

I think that like Monica stated that we as humans believe that only species with a brain can make behavioral changes, intelligent decision - making or have a memory. Plants respond to what is happening around them and can react according to the circumstances presented to them. We know that plants can turn toward the sunlight and even to a water source. Plants can learn a behavior even though they do not have a brain to store the information. How does a plant store this information? Humans do things in a particular way, but there are multiple ways for other species to do things. We truly have no idea how plants learn or perform these tasks. Other scientists believe that plant behavior is objective an d that results could be fabricated or extreme. Most people think that learning or memorizing makes them have a human-like characteristics. I believe that there is still a lot that we do not understand about plants, and that just because they do not operate like humans we do not think they are capable of memory, defense, learning, etc. Plants have existed for thousands of years by adapting to their surroundings and responding to their environments. They have adapted defense mechanisms for protection and reproduction to ensure their existence in the years to come. Adaptations to be able to preserve their existence in the future. Their innate ability to reach food or water and to remember things is something we as humans cannot explain.

2.    Much has been said about violence in the media and its effect on children and adolescents. According to Bandura's social learning theory, can humans learn to be violent by watching violence? Explain. Three aggressive films were shown to children. In the first film, the adult was punished for his behavior. In the second film the adult was given treats and praised. In the third film, nothing was done to the aggressor. When the children we observed afterwards playing with toys, the children punished saw very few aggressions while playing. The children who had seen the adult rewarded for his actions were viewed with more play aggression. I believe that humans can learn to be violent by watching violent films or videos. Some may disagree, but based on what I see if a child does not have a good support system at home or at school, they see people getting a pass at violence without being punished so they feel it is alright to act in such a way. If there are consequences and the child sees that there are punishments to violent behavior, they may not participate in such behavior. I believe that if a child has limitations in place at a young age, and they understand that if rules are broken there will be punishments to follow. If allowed to act in an violent manner without being corrected , reinforces the bad behavior and the child sees it as acceptable and will continue to conduct behavior in this manner.