UML sofeware engineer

Generator

Basic Description:

A typical generator output voltage is 20-22kV. For our project, we used a value of 22kV. The generator outputs a 3-phase voltage at 60 Hz frequency.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The generator output voltage is 20-22kV identifier and send to system.

2. The system (Substation 1 Step-Up High-Voltage [230kV]) returns the generator.

3. The generator outputs a 3-phase voltage at 60 Hz frequency send to system.

4. The system returns the Substation 1 transfers energy from a low‐voltage(22kV to a high‐voltage 230KV.

5. The Substation 1 returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If the generator Identifier (output voltage is not 20-22kV), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation 1 is not eligible to inform generator, audible Alarm (Error)

3. If the Substation 1 cannot transfers energy from a low‐voltage(22kV to a high‐voltage 230KV) , audible Alarm(Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the Substation 1 a check verification request (20-22kV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or not okay

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is generator a with the given generator identifier

2. There is a Substation 1 with the request (20-22kV).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The generator is linked to Substation 1

2. The Substation 1 is linked to generator.

Transportation over long distance

Basic Description:

The previous simulations have been performed by omitting the transmission line lengths. In this last part of the project, we will include both transmission lines (long distance and short distance) to see how they influence the voltage levels at the substations. The first transmission line is a long line of 250 km.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The long distance transmission line Transportation identifier (230KV) to Substation 2 Step-Down[69kV]

2. The Substation 2 returns the transmission line.

3. The transmission line transformer output measurements, and plots voltage and current (Ea1). The peak value can be calculated as follows:

4. The Substation 2 returns transmission line the transfers energy from a high ‐ voltage (230kV to low‐voltage 69KV.

5. The transmission line returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If the transmission line Identifier (output voltage is not ), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation 2 is not eligible to inform transmission line, audible Alarm (Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the transmission line a check verification request (230KV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or not okay

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is transmission line a with the given output measurements, and plots voltage and current identifier

2. There is a Substation 2 with the request (230KV).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The transmission line is linked to Substation 2 2. The Substation 2is linked to transmission line.

Step-Down Transformation to Medium-Voltage (Substation 2)

Basic Description:

After the transportation over a long distance, voltage levels are reduced for further distribution. In our project, voltage levels are reduced from 230 kV to 69 kV. Energy is usually distributed to multiple major population regions (cities or factories) from here. Each major region has its own substation that steps-down the 230 kV to the required 69 kV.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Substation 2 identifier and get transmission line a with the given output( 230KV).

2. the Substation 2 transfers energy from a high‐voltage(230kV to a low‐voltage 69KV).

3. The Substation 2 returns a message of success

Use Case Exceptions

1. If Substation 2 the Identifier (output voltage is not 69KV), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation2 is not eligible to inform transmission line, audible Alarm (Error)

3. If the Substation 2 cannot transfers energy from a low‐voltage(230kV to a low‐voltage 69KV) , audible Alarm(Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the Substation 2 a check verification request (230kV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or Error

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is Substation 2 a with the given a high‐voltage(230kV to a low‐voltage 69KV)identifier

2. There is a Substation 2 with the request (230kV).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The Substation 2 is linked to transmission line

2. The transmission line is linked to Substation 2 .

3. The Substation 2 is linked to transmission line short distance

Transportation over short distance

Basic Description

we will include both transmission lines (long distance and short distance) to see how they influence the voltage levels at the substations. the second transmission line is of short 10 km length. We again plotted the voltage levels at each side of the substation to compare them with the previous measurements we did with neglected transmission line lengths .

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Short distance transmission line 2Transportation identifier (69KV) to Substation 3 Step-Down[13kV]

2. The Substation 2 returns the transmission line 2.

3. The transmission line 2 transformer output measurements, and plots voltage and current (Ea2). The peak value can be calculated as follows:

4. The Substation 3returns transmission line the transfers energy from a high ‐ voltage (69kV to low‐voltage 13KV.

5. The transmission line returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If the transmission line2 Identifier (output voltage is not ), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation 3 is not eligible to inform transmission line2, audible Alarm (Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the transmission line2 a check verification request (69KV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or not okay

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is transmission line 2a with the given output measurements, and plots voltage and current identifier 2. There is a Substation 3with the request (69KV). 3. There is a section with a given check approval.Post-conditions

1. The transmission line 2 is linked to Substation 3 2. The Substation 3is linked to transmission line 2

3. The Substation 2 is linked to transmission line short distance

Step-Down Transformation to Local Distribution (Substations 3)

Basic Description

Before energy is distributed within cities, voltage levels are again down-scaled. In our project, voltages arriving at the local substations are at 69 kV. The substations then generate 13 kV. This is a standard voltage level for local distribution within cities. Large factory buildings mostly have their own substation due to their high energy consumptions. We incorporated this into our project as well.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Substation 3 identifier and get transmission line2 a with the given output( 69KV).

2. the Substation 3transfers energy from a high‐voltage(69kV to a low‐voltage 13KV).

3. The Substation 3returns a message of success

Use Case Exceptions

1. If Substation 3the Identifier (output voltage is not 13KV), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation3is not eligible to inform transmission line2, audible Alarm (Error)

3. If the Substation 3 cannot transfers energy from a low‐voltage(69kV to a low‐voltage 13KV) , audible Alarm(Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the Substation 3 a check verification request (69kV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or Error

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is Substation 3 a with the given a high‐voltage(69kV to a low‐voltage 13KV)identifier

2. There is a Substation 3 with the request (69kV).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The Substation 3 is linked to transmission line 2

2. The transmission line 2is linked to Substation 3.

3. The Substation 2 is linked to transmission line short distance 1

Transportation over short distance 3

Basic Description

we will include both transmission lines (long distance and short distance) to see how they influence the voltage levels at the substations. the second transmission line is of short 10 km length. We again plotted the voltage levels at each side of the substation to compare them with the previous measurements we did with neglected transmission line lengths .

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Short distance transmission line 3Transportation identifier (13KV) to Substation 5 Step-Down[110V]

2. The Substation 5 returns the transmission line 3.

3. The transmission line 3 transformer output measurements, and plots voltage and current (Ea3). The peak value can be calculated as follows:

4. The Substation 5returns transmission line3 the transfers energy from a high ‐ voltage (13kV to low‐voltage 110V.

5. The transmission line 3returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If the transmission line3Identifier (output voltage is not ), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation 3 is not eligible to inform transmission line3, audible Alarm (Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the transmission line3 a check verification request (13KV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or not okay

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is transmission line 3a with the given output measurements, and plots voltage and current identifier 2. There is a Substation 3with the request (13KV). 3. There is a section with a given check approval.Post-conditions

1. The transmission line 3is linked to Substation 5 2. The Substation 5is linked to transmission line 3

3. The Substation 3is linked to transmission line 3

Local Step-Down-Transformation (Substations 5)

Basic Description

Step-down transformation to residential voltage levels happens with transformers located right on the transmission towers before entering the consumers building. Those transformers step-down the 13kV distribution-level voltage to the typical 110V used in residential homes.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Substation 5 identifier and get transmission line3 a with the given output( 110V).

2. the Substation 5transfers energy from a high‐voltage(13kV to a low‐voltage 110V).

3. The Substation 5returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If Substation 5the Identifier (output voltage is not 110V), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Substation5is not eligible to inform transmission line3, audible Alarm (Error)

3. If the Substation 5 cannot transfers energy from a low‐voltage(13kV to a low‐voltage 110V) , audible Alarm(Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the Substation 5a check verification request (13kV).

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or Error

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There is Substation 5 a with the given a high‐voltage(13kV to a low‐voltage 110V)identifier

2. There is a Substation 5 with the request (13kV).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The Substation 5 is linked to transmission line 3

2. The transmission line 3is linked to Substation 5.

3. The Substation 5 is linked to Residential Consumer: Capacitive load

Residential Consumer: Capacitive load

Basic Description

Capacitive loads appear with many computers as loads and large data storing centers

Simulated capacitive load with pf=0.8 leading. Based on the PF, we could calculate the phase angle as follows:

The resistor was chosen to be 10 Ohms. With this information we could calculate the capacitive reactance and its equivalent capacitance in Farad.

Expanded Textural Description:

1. The Residential Consumer: Capacitive load identifier (110V) to Substation 5 Step-Down[110V]

2. The Substation 5 returns the Residential Consumer: Capacitive load.

3. The Residential Consumer: Capacitive load transformer output measurements, and plots voltage and current (Ea4). The peak value can be calculated as follows:

4. The Residential Consumer: Capacitive load returns Substation 5 the transfers energy from a high ‐ voltage (13kV to low‐voltage 110V).

5.The Residential Consumer: Capacitive was chosen to be 10 Ohms.

6. Simulated capacitive load with pf=0.8 leading. Based on the PF, we could calculate the phase angle as follows:

5. The Residential Consumer: Capacitive load returns a message of success.

Use Case Exceptions

1. If Residential Consumer: Capacitive load the Identifier (output voltage is not 110V), audible Alarm (Error).

2. If the Residential Consumer: Capacitive load is not eligible to inform Substation 5, audible Alarm (Error)

3. If the Residential Capacitive load is not eligible capacitive load with pf=0.8 leading, audible Alarm (Error)

Use Case Alternative Courses

Section:

1. the Residential Consumer: Capacitive load a check verification request (110V) and load with pf=0.8 leading .

2. Receives check approval

3. Displays check is okay or Error

Use Case Conditions:

Pre-conditions

1. There Capacitive load is a with the given a high‐voltage(13kV to a low‐voltage 110V)identifier

2. There is a Capacitive load with the request (110V).

3. There is a section with a given check approval.

Post-conditions

1. The Capacitive load is linked to Substation 5

2. The Substation 5is linked to Residential Consumer: Capacitive load