wk1 into to human commucations db
ismails95
DefinitionsandFoundationsPPTMASTER1.pptxFoundations: Defining Communication & Communication Study
Survey of Communication Study, Hahn and Paynton, chpt. 1
https ://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study/Chapter_1_-_Foundations:_ Defining_Communication_and_Communication_Study
Introductions
Discuss the course syllabus, assignments and online Textbook
Blackboard how-to
Communication Definitions
Communication Models
Linear Model
Transactional Model
Communication and You
Agenda
Introductions
Introduce yourself:
Name
Hometown
Year in School
Major
Dream Job
Go over syllabus and Blackboard
3
We will be using a combination of two FREE online textbooks, known as an OER (Open Educational Resources)
These are free online textbooks written by communication faculty who have allowed open use of the material.
“Survey of Communication Study” by Humboldt State University professors Laura K. Hahn and Scott T. Paynton. Last edited online 2016
https :// en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study
“Communication in the Real World” 2012 Creative Common License, publisher and author name removed per request
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication /
Textbooks
If you are viewing the PPT slides on your computer or smart phone, view in the slideshow function so you will be able to interact with the various GIFs and video links that are included
Suggestion for viewing PPTs
What is involved in the process of communication?
Why is communication important?
Name people who use communication in creative ways?
Discussion: What is Communication?
Instructor notes: These question prompts can be used as a pair activity, group activity, class discussion or “thinking point” depending on the class size and modality
6
Memes are an Example of Creative Communication
Without looking at the textbook, write down a one sentence definition of communication
To Do
70 years ago communication scholars Bruce Smith, Harold Lasswell and Ralph D. Casey stated
“Communication study is an academic field whose primary focus is ‘who says what, through what channels (media) of communication, to whom [and] what will be the results’”
(Emphasis and underline added)
Communication Definition Smith, Lasswell and Casey
The National Communication Association states
“Communication study focuses on how people use messages to generate meaning within and across various contexts, cultures, channels and media.”
“The discipline promotes the effective and ethical practice of human communication.”
Communication Definition National Communication Association
For the purposes of our class, the definition we will use is
“Communication is the process of using symbols to exchange meaning.”
Communication Definition Our Textbook
A Model is a visual representation/depiction of how something works.
Models allow us to understand a process by dividing it into parts and looking at how they are related
Models of Communication
The earliest models of communication were linear models.
Linear models suggest that communication is simply the transmission of a message from one source to another
Linear models suggests that communication moves only in one direction
Linear models were based on Shannon and Weaver’s explanations of how information was transmitted through telephone cables or radio waves.
Linear Model of Communication
Sender Message Receiver
A basic linear communication model
Communication is a complex process due to a variety of factors that compose and influence it.
The process of human communication has these basic components:
Sender
Receiver
Message
Channel
Noise
Components of the Linear Model
Linear Model of Communication
A sender is someone who encodes a message then uses a certain channel to send it to a receiver who decodes (interprets) the message
Discuss: When you trying to reach your friend to discuss plan for tonight, what do you do? How do you encode your message?
You may choose to encode your message via text, social media post, or face-to-face in class.
Components of the Linear Model: 1. Sender
The receiver is the recipient of the message
Receivers must decode (interpret) messages in ways that are meaningful for them.
Watch the GIF on the next slide and discuss the how you, as a receiver, would decode this message.
Components of the Linear Model: 2. Receiver
You are the receiver of this message. How would you decode the message being conveyed in this GIF?
Messages are the building blocks of communication events
A message is the particular meaning or content the sender wisher the receiver to understand
Message creation involves converting ideas into messages (encoding) and deriving meaning from messages (decoding).
Components of the Linear Model: 3. Messages
Messages can be
intentional/unintentional
written/spoken
verbal/nonverbal
…or any combination
Messages are symbolic-they represent something else and conveys meaning
Messages are arbitrary abstractions that have been agreed upon.
Messages
Channels are the method a sender uses to send a message to a receiver
Channels can be verbal or nonverbal
Discussion: What are some examples of channels through which we communicate?
Channels may be radio, e-mail, face-to-face, text message, facebook, snapchat, skype, smoke signals, written note, sign language….etc.
Components of the Linear Model: 4. Channels
Question: How can a channel influence the message?
Are there certain types of communication that are in/appropriate for certain channels?
Should you break-up via text or facebook?
Channels
Channels-think about it
How do you choose which channel to use when you communicate with others?
Do you consider who they are, the topic, the importance of the message, or something else?
Overall, do you think you pick the best channel most of the time?
If not, what do you need to do to select more appropriately?
Noise is anything that interferes with the sending or receiving of a message.
What type of noise can get in the way of communication?
Components of the Linear Model: 5. Noise
Noise can be external or internal
External=a siren going by or loud music playing from the neighbor next door
Internal= physical pain, psychological stress or even hunger
Noise occurs within every communication interaction, therefore no message is received exactly as it is transmitted by the sender.
Discuss examples of noise in your classroom or in your home.
Noise
Identify the components of linear model of communication in this clip.
Discuss how each of these elements shape and influence the communication encounter?
https ://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZOfrwF7wHU
Components of the Linear Model Activity
What are some problems/criticisms with the linear model?
A major criticism is that the Linear Model suggests communication only occurs in one direction.
This model works well if you are watching TV, but does it accurately depict a real conversation with your friend?
It also doesn’t account for context, or how our personal experiences impact communication
see next slide for more on context
Problems with the Linear model?
Where do we communicate?
Each communication event occurs in a specific social context.
Elements of this context include location, number of people present, channel of communication, etc.
Consider the following contexts and how communication differs depending on the context:
Attend first class
Talk to friends at lunch
Text with new romantic interest
Hear messages over the loudspeaker
Receive a letter in the mail
Contexts
Transactional models state that both parties in a communication exchange act as both senders and receivers simultaneously, encoding and decoding messages to and from each other at the same time.
Most communication interactions are not discrete encounters, but are part of an ongoing stream of interactions
Transactional Model of Communication
Transactional Model
Be it linear or transactional, communication models are simplistic representations of communication
They illustrate some of the complexities of defining and studying communication
Communication Models
Discuss all the different careers that you think require good communication skills.
Is there a career path that does not require communication skills?
Discussion: Communication Careers
No matter your major or career interest, I guarantee this course will be helpful for you personally and professionally.
A survey of National Association of Colleges and Employers found “college students who wish to separate themselves from the competition during their job search would be wise to develop proficiencies most sought by employers, such as communication, interpersonal and teamwork skills.”
We will be working on all of these skills this term
Communication and You
