Quantitative analysis

Start Here

This project was developed for learners entering a variety of disciplines. It

will enable a deeper understanding of how data informs solutions to

practical problems with potential impact on your organization or industry.

Over this two-week period, you will use mathematical operations and

data analysis to solve problems and inform decision making. Using a

method similar to the qualitative research process, you will identify an

issue and use mathematical formulas or an analytic tool to derive a

solution. You will construct graphs, charts, and tables as necessary to

inform analysis and interpretation. You will evaluate the results, draw and

validate analyses, and communicate key mathematical information.

Choose the instructions for the program in which you are currently

enrolled as you proceed throughout this project. You will first be

presented with a scenario, then guided through your specific path as you

advance through the project steps.

Click to reveal the scenario for Acquisition and Contract

Management Students.

Conduct Quantitative Analysis

Transcript Conduct Quantitative Analysis: Management

Once you have reviewed the scenario, review the project overview,

approximate time commitment, and competencies that you will be

responsible for in this project.

Click to reveal the scenario for Transformational Leadership Program

students.

Scenario

Your supervisor has been assigned to be the interim deputy assistant

national operations manager of the Liberty Credit Union organization, a

credit union with over 350 branches nationwide. The role directly serves

the office of the Chief Operations Officer, which oversees national

marketing and operations for the organization. The previous manager left

suddenly and retired after serving in that role for 10 years, during which

time the organization weathered many economic storms and regulatory

changes. The Chief Operations Officer has scheduled an offsite planning

meeting to discuss a new strategy for the direction of the Liberty Credit

Union. Your supervisor will be providing a report about a proposed

strategy for growth in sales based on analysis of products and regional

0:00 / 1:33

Transcript

performance, and he has asked you to prepare a workbook to support his

presentation at the upcoming meeting.

You plan to analyze the data using standard statistical methods in

Microsoft Excel and develop statistics as well as charts and graphs to

support the presentation of data. Your task is to conduct data analysis

and prepare a final report for your supervisor about your findings, which

will also include an analysis of the data and how it informs a future

strategy for growth.

Once you have reviewed the scenario, review the project overview,

approximate time commitment, and competencies that you will be

responsible for in this project.

Click to reveal the scenario for Education students.

Conduct Quantitative Analysis: Education

Once you have watched the scenario video, review the project overview,

approximate time commitment, and competencies that you will be

responsible for in this project.

0:00 / 1:39

Click to reveal a scenario for Strategic Communications students.

Scenario

Your boss, the CEO of Mountain Air Recreation, Inc., has invited you to

her office to tell you that the Board is considering the launch of a new

product offering: luxury resort skiing. This offering will complement their

existing line of high-adventure outdoor recreational sport offerings, which

include jungle safaris, scuba diving, wilderness hiking, and helicopter

skiing. The marketing team has done a great deal of research on the

target audience and believes the company will make a handsome profit on

the new resort. The CEO wonders, however, if the introduction of a luxury

sport activity will affect their guests' perceptions of the company, which

is known for its rugged outdoor activities. She also wonders if downhill

skiing —and the accompanying requirement to manage mountain forest

growth—will damage the company's reputation as a responsible steward

of the environment. She is convinced that if the company moves forward

with this project, it will be vital to integrate the marketing effort with a

communications campaign designed to enhance the image of the

company as one that not only sells high-end adventure but cares deeply

about the environment and enjoying it responsibly. 

The CEO provides you with demographic and psychographic data about

the company's guests and asks you to provide an analysis of the data to

inform her recommendations to the Board about the long-term wisdom of

entering the high-end ski resort market. The CEO has scheduled an offsite

planning meeting to discuss the new business endeavor and has asked

you to prepare worksheets in Excel to support her presentation at the

upcoming meeting. 

You plan to analyze the data using standard statistical methods in

Microsoft Excel and to develop statistics as well as charts and graphs to

support the presentation of data. Your task is to conduct data analysis

and prepare a report for your boss about your findings, which will also

include an analysis of how data informs a future strategy for growth. 

Once you have reviewed the scenario, review the project overview,

approximate time commitment, and competencies that you will be

responsible for in this project.

Nine steps will lead you through this project. Each step should take no

more than two hours to complete. Continue with Step 1: Refresh Your

Math, Statistics, and Excel Skills.

Your work will be evaluated using the competencies listed

below.

• 1.1: Organize document or presentation clearly in a

manner that promotes understanding and meets the

requirements of the assignment.

• 1.2: Develop coherent paragraphs or points so that

each is internally unified and so that each functions as

part of the whole document or presentation.

• 1.4: Tailor communications to the audience.

• 1.5: Use sentence structure appropriate to the task,

message and audience.

• 1.6: Follow conventions of Standard Written English.

• 3.1: Identify numerical or mathematical information

that is relevant in a problem or situation.

• 3.2: Employ mathematical or statistical operations and

data analysis techniques to arrive at a correct or

optimal solution.

• 3.3: Analyze mathematical or statistical information, or

the results of quantitative inquiry and manipulation of

data.

• 3.4: Employ software applications and analytic tools to

analyze, visualize, and present data to inform decision-

making.

Refresh Your Math, Statistics, and

Competencies

Excel Skills

Everyone has a different background. As in previous projects, you will

start by assessing your current baseline. First, think about what it means

to engage in quantitative processes (https://leocontent.umgc.edu

/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-

list/quantitative-processes.html?ou=716269) . Next, refresh your skills

in math (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated

/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-list/math.html?ou=716269) ,

statistics (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated

/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-list/statistics.html?ou=716269) , and

Excel (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-topic-list/excel.html?ou=716269) . You will evaluate

how much you already know and where you need to concentrate more

attention.

If you need help outside the classroom, you can access tutoring by

selecting Tutoring Assistance under Resources in your classroom. There

are also videos when you access tutoring help and other resources

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-topic-list/access-tutoring-help-and-other-

resources.html?ou=716269) to help you complete this project

successfully.

Once you have a good idea of your skill levels in math and stats, and you

know where to go for help, move on to Step 2, where you will apply some

of your stats knowledge. Remember to choose the instructions of the

course in which you are currently enrolled.

Opening and Saving an Excel Spreadsheet

In this step, you will be opening and saving an Excel spreadsheet. Choose

and follow the instructions that correspond to the current program in

which you are enrolled.

Click to reveal instructions for ACM students݀

Now that you've assessed and refreshed yourself on important skills,

you’re ready to begin. First download the Excel template

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/dam/course-content/tgs/pro

/pro-600/document

/PRO%20600%20Project%204%20Template.xlsx?ou=716269) course

file and use it to set up your spreadsheet (https://leocontent.umgc.edu

/content/dam/course-content/tgs/pro/pro-600/document/PRO600-

Set%20up%20Your%20Spreadsheet1_checked.pdf?ou=716269) . This

step will help you set up your basic view to prepare for using several

tools.

After you've formatted and set up your basic view and saved the

spreadsheet with your name, you're ready to move to the next step and

add data.

Click to reveal instructions for TLP students

1. Download the TLP data set TLP data set template

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/dam/course-content

/tgs/dcl/dcl-600/document

/TLP%20Template_%20Credit%20Union.xlsx?ou=716269) and

take a few minutes to review the Help Desk dataset. Note: There are

two worksheets or tabs. The first tab (titled "QR Analysis Essay") will

be where you cut and paste your end-of-project essay. We'll work

through these problems in the next steps. The second tab (titled

"Data ") contains the data to be analyzed.

2. Open the Excel file and go to Save As to rename it. Use the name

format YourLastName Project 4. This file contains the data that you

will manipulate and analyze. You will add tabs in the next steps to

build an Excel workbook for this project.

3. Properly format Excel workbook. Set the margins for landscape with

narrow margins. Enter your name, date, and page number in the

footer area of the sheet. Format the entire spreadsheet using Calibri

11-point font.

Now that you have completed these tasks, proceed to the next step.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students

1. Download the Education Data Set Template

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/dam/course-content

/tgs/dcl/dcl-600/document

/EducationProfileAnalysis.xlsx?ou=716269) Excel file. Note: There

are two tabs: The Data tab contains the data that you will work with

in Steps 3–8. In Step 9, you will provide your analysis in the form of a

short essay on the Data Analysis Essay tab.

2. Open the Excel file and go to Save As to rename it. Use the name

format YourLastName Project 4. This file contains the data that you

will manipulate and analyze. You will add tabs in the next steps to

build an Excel workbook for this project.

3. Properly format the Excel workbook. Set the margins for landscape

with narrow margins. Enter your name, date, and page number in the

footer area of the sheet. Format the entire spreadsheet using Calibri

11-point font. Note: The pink shaded box at the top of the

spreadsheet indicates what cell formatting is required for each

column. Format the columns in Section 1 of the table by selecting

the cells, right-clicking, and selecting the right format under "Format

cells."

Now that you have completed these tasks, proceed to the next step.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Click to reveal instructions for MSC students.

1. Download the MSC Excel template (https://leocontent.umgc.edu

/content/dam/course-content/tgs/dcl/dcl-600/document

/DCL%20600%20Project%204%20Template%20Fall%202020_Fin

al.xlsx?ou=716269) and take a few minutes to review it. Note:

There are two worksheets or tabs. The first tab (titled "QR Analysis

Essay") will be where you paste your end-of-project essay. The

second tab (titled "Data") contains the data to be analyzed.

2. Open the Excel file and go to "Save As" to rename it. Use the name

format YourLastName Project 4. This file contains the data that you

will manipulate and analyze. You will add tabs in Steps 3–8 to build

an Excel workbook for this project.

3. Properly format your Excel workbook. Set the margins for landscape

with narrow margins. Enter your name, date, and page number in the

footer area of the sheet. Format the entire spreadsheet using Calibri

11-point font.

4. Once you have completed these tasks, proceed to the next step.

Add Data

In this step you will add data in your Excel spreadsheet.

Click to reveal instructions for ACM students

With your spreadsheet set up and saved with your last name, you're

ready to add data (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content

/scor/uncurated/pro/2215-pro600/learning-topic-list/pro-example-

for-add-data-to-your-spreadsheet.html?ou=649756) . In Section 1 on

the Data page, complete each column of the spreadsheet to arrive at the

desired calculations.

When you're ready, move on to the next step, in which you will use

functions to summarize the data.

Take Note

Here's a tip: If you want the formula to repeat down the column, put $

around the column letters in the range so it will remain constant. In this

case, the range will be expressed as starting and ending cell separated by

a colon or $C$11:$C$1010. The value will be the cell location of the

career. Give it a try in the tables in Section 2.

Click to reveal instructions for TLP students

In Section 1 on the Data tab, complete each blank column of the

spreadsheet to arrive at the desired calculations. Use Excel formulas to

demonstrate that you can perform the calculations. Remember, a cell

address is the combination of a column and a row. For example, C11

refers to Column C, Row 11 in a spreadsheet.

Reminder: Occasionally in Excel, you will create an unintentional circular

reference. This means that within a formula in a cell, you directly or

indirectly referred back to the cell. For example, while entering a formula

in A3, you enter =A1+A2+A3. This is not correct and will result in an

error. Excel allows you to remove or allow these references.

Hint: Another helpful feature in Excel is Paste Special. Mastering this

feature allows you to copy and paste all elements of a cell, or just select

elements like the formula, the value, or the formatting.

Ready to Begin?

1. To calculate assets per member, you will divide the total assets by

the member count using cell referencing. In cell E11, enter

=D11/H11, which will calculate the assets per member by dividing

D11, total assets for the first listed credit union, by H11, which

contains the member count for that credit union. Once you have the

answer displayed, you will then copy this formula down the column.

Click the cell with the formula to be copied, move your cursor to the

bottom right of the cell until it becomes a plus sign, then click and

drag to the bottom of the table. This will copy the formula and Excel

will increment the references so that you only need to type the

formula once.

2. In Column F, calculate the number of years each credit union has

been open by creating a formula that incorporates the date in cell F9

and demonstrates your understanding of relative and absolute cells

in Excel. You will need a formula that can compute absolute values to

determine years of service. You could do this longhand, but it would

take you a long time. So, try the YEARFRAC formula, which

computes the number of years (and even rounds for you). Once you

start the formula in Excel, the element will appear to guide you. You

need to know the ending date (F9) and the opening date (B11). The

formula looks like this: =YEARFRAC($F$9,B11), and the $ will repeat

the formula calculation down the column if you grab the edge of the

cell and drag it to the bottom of the column, as above.

3. To determine if a credit union is mature, use an IF statement in

Column I to flag with a "Yes" any credit union in business for 10

years or more. Here is how an IF statement works: =IF(X is greater

(or less than) Y, “Answer”, IF not, “Answer”). Expressed as a formula,

the IF statement would look like this: =IF(F11>=10,"Yes","No"). You

can drag this formula down the column or highlight the starting cell,

hold down the shift key, scroll down to cell 382, and release, and the

whole column should compute properly.

4. Using the VLOOKUP function, use the Region Key located at

F417:G423 to fill in the cells in Column N to identify the region in

which the employee is located based on the state listed in Column

M. (If this function is new to you, hang in there—this one is worth it.)

There are some video resources available, one listed below, that address

common challenges in this Excel assignment. Do not be confused if you

see a data set that is different from yours—the principles are the same!

Remember, if you have any questions, ask.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

You will devise a formula that will match the state to a region (in position

2). We will use the $ function to enable a repeat of the formula down the

column. =VLOOKUP(M11,$F$417:$G$423,2,FALSE)

To view videos that explain these formulas, please refer back to Step 1

under the link entitled Access Tutoring Help and Other Resources. The

videos were created for another class but pertain to this same data set.

Remember: if you have any questions, please ask!

Click to reveal instructions for Education students

In Section 1 on the Data tab, complete columns with the headings "Age,"

"16 or older," and "Region" to arrive at the desired calculations. This task

will require the use of the following (or similar) Excel functions:

YEARFRAC, IF, and VLOOKUP.

Occasionally in Excel, you will create an unintentional circular reference.

This means that within a formula in a cell, you directly or indirectly

referred back to the cell. For example, while entering a formula in A3, you

enter =A1+A2+A3. This is not correct and will result in an error. Excel

allows you to remove or allow these references.

Ready to Begin?

1. In Column C, calculate the age of each student by creating a formula

that incorporates the date in cell D9 and demonstrates your

understanding of relative and absolute cells in Excel. You will need a

formula that can compute absolute values to determine age. You

could do this longhand, but it would take you a long time. So, try the

YEARFRAC formula, which computes the number of years (and even

rounds for you). Once you start the formula in Excel, the element will

appear to guide you. You need to know the ending date (D9) and the

date of birth (B11). The formula looks like this:

=YEARFRAC($D$9,B11). Including the $ symbols in the formula will

repeat the formula calculation down the column if you grab the edge

of the cell and drag it to the bottom of the column.

2. To determine if a student is “16 or older,” in Column L, use an IF

statement to flag with a "Yes" any student who is 16 years old or

older. Here is how an IF statement works: =IF(X is greater (or less

than) Y, “Answer”, IF not, “Answer”). Expressed as a formula, the IF

statement would look like this: =IF(C11>=16,"Yes","No"). You can

drag this formula down the column or highlight the starting cell, hold

down the shift key, scroll down to cell 382, and release, and the

whole column should compute properly.

3. Using the VLOOKUP function, use the Region Key located at

H414:I419 to fill in the cells in Column N to identify the region in

which the student attended middle school based on the middle

schools listed in Column M. (If this function is new to you, hang in

there—this one is worth it.)

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

You will devise a formula that will match the middle school to a region (in

position 2). We will use the $ function to enable a repeat of the formula

down the column.

=VLOOKUP(M11,$H$415:$I$419,2,FALSE)

The videos below were created for another class but pertain to the same

excel function. Remember: If you have any questions, ask!

These are other Excel resources (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content

/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-list/excel-

resources.html?ou=716269) that may assist you when adding data in

your Excel spreadsheet.

Click to reveal instructions for MSC students.

In Section 1 on the Data tab, complete each blank column of the

spreadsheet to arrive at the desired calculations. Use Excel formulas to

demonstrate that you can perform the calculations. Remember, a cell

address is the combination of a column and a row. For example, C11

refers to Column C, Row 11 in a spreadsheet.

Occasionally in Excel, you may create an unintentional circular reference.

This means that within a formula in a cell, you directly or indirectly refer

to the same cell. For example, while entering a formula in A3, you might

enter =A1+A2+A3. This is not correct and will result in an error. Excel

allows you to remove or allow these references.

Hint: Another helpful feature in Excel is Paste Special. Mastering this

feature allows you to copy and paste all elements of a cell or just select

elements like the formula, the value, or the formatting.

Ready to Begin?

To calculate disposable annual income (Row G) per visitor, you will write

an Excel formula that solves for this. In plain language, disposable annual

income is the remainder from income minus fixed expenses minus the

cost of the number of minors at a cost of $4,500 each. In Excel cell

language, the formula will be G11 (annual income) − E9 (fixed costs) − E11

(number of minors) × G9 (cost per minor). Note that the number for fixed

costs ($40,000) and cost per minor ($4,500) are static in the spreadsheet;

to keep them the same in each line, you will place $ signs around the cell

letter so that the calculation will always refer back to that number.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Once you have the answer displayed, you will then copy this formula

down the column. Click the cell with the formula to be copied, move your

cursor to the bottom right of the cell until it becomes a plus sign, then

click and drag to the bottom of the table. (Since there are so many entries

in the table, you may want to use a shortcut; once the cursor becomes a

plus sign, double click and Excel will copy the formula to the bottom of

the column). This will copy the formula and Excel will increment the

references so that you only need to type the formula once.

Next, to calculate the age of the visitor, you will follow a similar process.

You have visitors' dates of birth in column B, and we are calculating their

age as of 12/31/2019 (when marketing collected this data). You will need

a formula that can compute absolute values to determine age. You could

do this longhand, but it would take a long time. Instead, try the

YEARFRAC formula, which computes the number of years. Once you

start the formula in Excel, the element will appear to guide you. You need

to know the ending date (B9) and the opening date (B11). The formula

looks like this: =YEARFRAC($B$9,B11), and the $ will keep the end date

constant down the column when you grab the right bottom edge of the

cell and drag it to the bottom of the column, as above.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

To round the age to the nearest year, you can adjust the cell format to

provide a number with no decimal places, but you will get a more

accurate view if you limit to one decimal place.

To calculate the travel classification, you will use an IF statement. You are

given the number of miles the visitor traveled to come to the resort in

Column D, and you are given the modes of travel in Section 2. Visitors are

classified as "local," "drive," or "fly" based on the expected travel mode.

Here are the rules: If the distance is greater than 100 miles, the visitor

will fly; if the distance is greater than 35 miles, the visitor will drive; if the

distance is less than or equal to 35 miles, the visitor is local. Here is how a

simple IF statement works: =IF (X is greater (or equal or less than) Y,

"Answer if true", "Answer if false"). Expressed as a formula of only two

modes of travel, the IF statement would look like this:

=IF(F11>100,"Fly","Drive"). However, you are solving for three modes of

travel so you will need to create a "nested" IF Statement. It will look like

this: =IF(D11>100, "Fly", IF(D11>35, "Drive", "Local"))

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Finally, to find the news category in Column N, you will use the

VLOOKUP function to quickly find the news category that equates to the

news source named in Column M. You will have to provide the location

for Excel to look for the options. In this case, the table is located in

Section 2 (shown below). You will need to know the cell locations of the

two columns to create this formula. Here is the formula:

VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

News Category Key

Primary news

source

News

category

Count of news

category %

Facebook Social media

Print news Hardcopy

Online news

sites

Electronic

Radio Traditional

Primary news

source

News

category

Count of news

category %

TV Traditional

TOTAL 0

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

You will direct Excel to look at the value in M11 (the news source) within

the array (two columns of this table that starts in F1052 and ends in

G1056), and then find the correlating value in a position number. If the

News Source is 1 and the Category is 2, you will be looking for position 2.

The last value of this formula gives options for a range; you don't want

this, so you will answer False. Because you want the location of the array

to remain constant, you will use the $ signs around the column letters in

the array. Refer to the example below:

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

To view videos that explain these formulas, please refer to Step 1 under

the link entitled Access Tutoring Help and Other Resources. The videos

were created for another class but pertain to a similar data set.

Remember, if you have any questions, please ask!

Use Functions to Summarize the Data

In this step, you'll begin to see patterns in the data that inform the “story”

of the data table that you have prepared up to this point.

Note: You should strive to work through the first four steps this week.

Take a breather here if you need it. Check in with your instructor as

needed.

Click to reveal instructions for ACM students

With your data built, you are now ready to start using some tools

to summarize the data (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content

/scor/uncurated/pro/2215-pro600/learning-resource-list/summarize-

the-data.html?ou=649756) , using Countif and the Sum function to do

the math. In this step, you'll begin to see patterns in the data and the

story of the workforce.

Click to reveal instructions for TLP students

You are now ready to move into Section 2 and prepare the data for future

analysis. You will include some simple statistical analyses as well as charts

and graphs to present the data. Start by presenting the categories of data

in summary tables, then counting them, totaling them, and calculating

percentages. This basic analysis helps you begin to describe patterns in

the data and starts to form the “story” of the workforce.

Complete each table in Section 2. Use the  countif function

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-resource-list/using-the-countif-

function.html?ou=716269) to count each item in each table. Use

the  sum function (https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/excel2010/working-

with-basic-functions/1/) to total the tables when required. Calculate

percentages for each table as required. Format cells appropriately.

Remember to make smart use of reference cells in formulas (avoid typing

in numbers or text into formulas—instead point to other cells) and use

mixed and fixed cell references to make copying formulas faster and

easier. Your supervisor will look for your appropriate use of these tools!

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Now, you are going to project sales for 2017–2020 by using the forecast

tool in the Data tab.

Source: Used with permission from

Microsoft.

To use the Forecast tool to apply a formula to existing sales, highlight the

savings amounts for 2001–2016 and select the Forecast tool on your

Data tab.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

You will get a quick forecast with low, median, and high projections for

the years. If you choose "Create" on that sheet, you will get a more

nuanced complete analysis for the years 2017–2020. Fill in those

numbers in Savings Count Summary in Section II.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students

In Section 2 of the Excel spreadsheet that you have downloaded, you will

use COUNTIF and SUM Function in Excel

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-topic-list/countif-and-sum-function-in-

excel.html?ou=716269) to summarize the data for each table and

prepare it for future analysis. You will include some simple statistical

analyses as well as charts and graphs to present the data.

To perform a summary analysis of each table, use the following functions

to count, total, and calculate percentages below:

• Use the COUNTIF Function to count each item in each table.

• Use the SUM Function to total the tables when required.

• Calculate percentages for each table as required.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Click to reveal instructions for MSC students.

You are now ready to move into Section 2 and prepare the data for future

analysis. You will include some simple statistical analyses as well as charts

and graphs to present the data. Start by presenting the categories of data

in summary tables, then counting them, totaling them, and calculating

percentages. This basic analysis helps you begin to describe patterns in

the data and starts to form the "story" of the resort's customer base.

Complete each table in Section 2. Use the Countif

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-resource-list/using-the-countif-

function.html?ou=716269) Function to count each item in each table.

Use the Sum Function (https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/excel2010

/working-with-basic-functions/1/)  to total the tables when required.

Calculate percentages for each table as required. Format cells

appropriately. Remember to make smart use of reference cells in formulas

by avoiding typing in numbers or text into formulas; instead, point to

other cells and use mixed and fixed cell references to make copying

formulas faster and easier. Your supervisor will look for your appropriate

use of these tools!

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft

Starting with Visitor Careers, tally the numbers by using COUNTIF, filling

in the elements of the formula: =COUNTIF(Range, Value). The range will

be the column that you are using for the count, in this case C. The value

will be "Accounting" to start. If you want the formula to repeat down the

column, put $ around the column letters in the range so it will remain

constant. In this case, the range will be expressed as starting and ending

cell separated by a colon or $C$11:$C$1010. The value will be the cell

location of the career. Give it a try in the tables in Section 2.

Now, scroll down to Section 5 to forecast changes in the Source of News

for Individuals in Section 5. There are several ways to predict change over

time based on previous results and patterns. In this table, we are trying to

forecast the direction of the two types of news sources for the period

2020–2024 based on the patterns of use from 2009–2019. There are

several forecast tools in Excel. We will use a formula that projects future

movement based on past patterns, and we will calculate each source

separately.

The formula is =Forecast{@range of years to solve, known values, known

years}. We will solve for the News for TV first, so plug in the cell values to

get the answer. The formula will look like this: =Forecast{@C1128:C1132,

D1117:D1127,C1117:C1127). See the example below. Solve for the years

2021–2024, then use the formula to forecast the performance of news

from the internet using the same principles. (Keep in mind, the @ sign has

a specific function in arrays in newer Excel versions as an implicit

intersection operator.) You will refer to this table and the line chart you

will create in Step 7 for your final analysis. Good luck!

Source: Used with permission from

Microsoft

Don’t forget to format cells appropriately. Make smart use

of reference cells in formulas (avoid typing in numbers or

text into formulas—instead, point to other cells), and use

relative and absolute cell references to make copying

formulas faster and easier. Your supervisor will look for

your appropriate use of these tools!

With this step complete, proceed to the next step, where you will begin

your analysis.

Add Information to Your Spreadsheet

In this step, things get interesting! You will expand your analysis by

Take Note

employing descriptive statistics, or summary statistics

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-topic-list/summary-statistics.html?ou=716269) , using

Excel formulas. Now you will calculate mean, median, and mode for the

categories of data and derive the deviation, variance, dispersion, and

distribution. Format all the results to two decimal places.

Click to reveal instructions for Aquisition and Contract Management

students.

Your summary tables answer the question, "how many?" Now you

will calculate mean, median, and mode for the categories of data, and

derive the deviation, variance, and dispersion, and distribution

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/dam/course-content/tgs/cbr

/cbr-600/document/CalculateMeanModeEtc.pdf?ou=649756) . This is

where it gets interesting!

You will be working in Section 3 of the Data tab in the spreadsheet to

complete the descriptive statistics for the five categories (salary, hourly

rate, years of service, education, and age). Using Excel formulas, complete

the table.

Click to reveal instructions for Transformational Leadership Program

students.

In Section 3 of the data sheet, use the appropriate Excel function to

complete the table, calculating summary statistics of Total Assets, Assets

per Member, Years of Service, Directors, and Member Count. Use the

summary statistic Excel functions of =AVERAGE, =MEDIAN, = MODE, =

STDEV.S, =VAR.S, =KURT, = SKEW, = MIN, =MAX, =SUM, and =COUNT

to derive these statistics for the three data categories. Standard error and

range should also be calculated.

Your data set in Tab 1: DATA should be built when you have completed

this step.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students.

In Section 3 of the data sheet, use the appropriate Excel function to

complete the table, calculating summary statistics of Age, GPA, and Score.

Use the summary statistic Excel functions of =AVERAGE, =MEDIAN, =

MODE, = STDEV.S, =VAR.S, =KURT, = SKEW, = MIN, =MAX, =SUM, and

=COUNT to derive these statistics for the three data categories. Standard

error and range should also be calculated.

Your data set in Tab 1: DATA should be built when you have completed

this step.

Click to reveal instructions for Strategic Communications (MSC)

students.

You will now fill in the summary/descriptive statistics table in Section 3,

using Excel formulas. In this section, you will not be able to copy the

formulas. After this work, you will appreciate using the Excel Toolpak

functions for the next part of this project.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft

Use the Data Analysis Toolpak

Now that you have calculated descriptive statistics using individual Excel

functions, we'll look at another approach. Did you know that you can

generate the same descriptive statistics in one easy step?

Now, you will use Excel's built-in Analysis Toolpak, an add-in that allows

you to work with statistics and confirm the answers of your summary

statistics. It will help you to save time by performing various complex

analyses based on your needs.

You will first need to make sure the toolpak is enabled. Feel free to

references How to Enable Data Analysis Toolpak

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-

dcl600/learning-resource-list/how-to-enable-data-analysis-

toolpak.html?ou=716269) for assistance. When you have completed

that process successfully, you will see the words "Data Analysis" or an

icon on the top right corner on the Data tab. Select Data Analysis and

then choose Descriptive Analysis from the list.

Note: There may be some minor differences in the answers depending on

the version of Excel you are using. Mac users will need Excel 2016 or

later to download the toolpak.

Then proceed to the instructions that match your current program to

calculate the statistics using the toolpak:

Click to reveal instructions for Acquisition and Contract Management

(ACM) students.

Your data set is now built. You will use the same functions to

perform descriptive analysis using the Analysis Toolpak

(https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content/dam/course-content/tgs/dcl

/dcl-600/document

/DescriptiveAnalysisUsingtheAnalysisToolpak_checked.pdf?ou=716269

) . This is a handy feature to know. Remember that there may be some

minor differences in the answers depending on the version you use.

You should now have Tab 2: Excel Summary Stats complete. Next, you'll

create charts and a histogram for Tabs 3 and 4.

Click to reveal instructions for Tranformational Leadership Program

students.

A. Calculate the statistics. You can perform these calculations in one

step by highlighting the adjacent columns of data in D10:H382. Place

the output on a new sheet in the workbook. Label the tab "Excel

Summary Stats."

B. Compare your calculations from the data analysis feature to the

results you got in the previous step, using individual functions.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students.

A. The next step is to provide the input and output. Since you want to

have statistics for all three categories, you will provide the location

of the data on the spreadsheet in the input box. Provide the inclusive

cells for the three categories. To do so, type in the field or capture

the columns with your mouse. The field will show in the input range.

Check the labels box so you have titles for the categories. Then

select New Worksheet Ply, and your output will be a new sheet on

your tab.

B. Label your new sheet "Summary Stats," and format the columns for

readability.

C. Compare your calculations from the data analysis feature to the

results you got in the previous step, using individual functions. You

should not have a large disparity. This tool is handy for quick

computations, and you will use it again to create a histogram and

your pivot table in Step 7.

Click to reveal instructions for Strategic Communication (MSC)

students.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

To complete the descriptive statistics, please insert the input range. You

can perform these calculations in one step by highlighting the adjacent

D–H columns of data (D10: H1010) or by typing in these inclusive cells.

Check Labels and Summary Statistics. The output will be a new sheet

(tab). Label the tab "Excel Summary Stats." Once you space out the

information, it should be readable and close numerically to what you did

manually with Excel formulas.

Create Visual Representations of the Data: Charts and Graphs

Where would we be without the ability to view data in charts? It is

sometimes easier to grasp the context of data if we can see it captured in

an image. Graphs and charts help readers digest and interpret information

more quickly, consistent with the familiar adage "a picture is worth a

thousand words."

Working with Excel Charts (https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/excel2016

/charts/1/) will provide an overview of the type of charts available

such as pie and bar charts. Refer to it to create a histogram along

with Use the Analysis Toolpak (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content

/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-list/use-the-analysis-

toolpak.html?ou=716269) as needed.

Click to reveal instructions for Acquisition and Contract Management

(ACM) students.

You will work with data to create charts (https://leocontent.umgc.edu

/content/scor/uncurated/pro/2215-pro600/learning-topic-list/work-

with-data-to-create-charts.html?ou=649756) , adding a tab for charts

and another for a histogram.

In this step, you will build Tab 3: Graphs—Charts and Tab 4: Histogram.

After you complete these tabs, you'll be ready to sort the data.

Click to reveal instructions for Transformational Leadership Program

(TLP) students.

Create the following graphs in your workbook on a separate tab named

"Graphs & Charts":

A. Create separate pie charts that show the percentage breakdown by

(a) gender, (b) number of data analyst on staff, and (c) marital status.

Explore pie chart formats.

B. Create separate bar charts that show the (a) number of directors, and

(b) number of credit unions per state.

C. Create a line graph for the savings account deposits.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

D. Create a histogram that shows the assets per member in incremental

assets of $5,000. Show how many credit unions have assets per

member in the following ranges: < $1,000; $1,000–$6,000;

$6,000–$11,000; etc., up to $91,000–$96,000, and > $96,000. This

process involves calculating each assets per member, creating what is

called a frequency distribution table and histogram. Histograms seem

hard to create and understand, but mastering how to visualize the

frequency of events is very helpful in analysis!

Note: Your Excel data tab has the upper limit and labels already identified

in Section 3. Complete the table and histogram by engaging the Data

Analysis Toolpak. Place the output on a new worksheet and label it

"Histogram."

Click to reveal instructions for Education students.

In this step, you will work with data to create charts, a pivot table, and a

histogram.

A. Create the following graphs in your workbook on a separate tab named

"Charts."

• Create separate pie charts and explore the various formats that show

the percentage of students by

◦ gender,

◦ grade, and

◦ home language.

• Create separate bar charts that show the number of students by

◦ race,

◦ region, and

◦ favorite subject.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

B. Next, you will use data to create a pivot table and place this on a new

tab, which you will name "Pivot Table." A pivot table is a useful way to

manipulate and display data. You will develop a count of middle schools

(row labels) with the average GPA (values) and then add the ability to

filter by grade.

• Ensure that you have the DATA sheet open; then click the Insert tab.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

• Click Pivot Table.

• Enter the information into the dialog box.

◦ Highlight the entire data set as the input for Table/Range in the

region, $A$10:$O$382.

◦ Check the bubble for New Worksheet.

◦ Click OK.

• Click Region in the box Choose Fields to Add to Report, and drag it

into the Row Label box. Then click and drag GPA into the Values box.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

• This will display the breakdown per region for the Sum of GPA.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

The Sum of GPA is not as useful a statistical summary for GPA as the

average GPA. Click the drop arrow in the Values box beside Sum of GPA

and select Average of GPA.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Your pivot table will now display regions and average GPA. This is a useful

data point.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

C. Finally, you will use the Toolpak to create a histogram. This process

involves counting how many times student GPAs occurred for these 372

students. Histograms seem hard to create and understand but mastering

how to visualize the frequency of events is very helpful in analysis! You

will find the data in Section 4 on the Data tab.

Source: Used with permission from

Microsoft.

Complete the table and histogram by engaging the Data Analysis Toolpak

under the Data Analysis tool on the far right of the Excel Data formulas.

Select New Sheet so that the histogram will appear on a new tab. Please

label the tab Histogram.

You are ready to go on to Step 8.

Click to reveal instructions for Strategic Communications (MSC)

students

Create the following graphs in your workbook on a separate tab, Graphs

& Charts:

A. Create separate pie charts that show the percentage breakdown by (a)

education and (b) travel classification.

B. Create separate bar charts that show the (a) level of support for the ski

idea, (b) news category, and (c) interest in environmental issues.

C. Create a line chart to represent the two types of news sources (based

on the table in Section 5). Please include data labels so the numbers are

available in the charts.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft

D. Your last task in this step is to create a histogram that shows the

spread of visitor income in $10K increments from $50K to $200K. A

histogram provides a strategic visual look that can help managers to

perceive patterns that matter. In this case, it is helpful for marketing and

public relations managers to understand where the "highs" and "lows"

occur among the range of visitors, so this histogram will display the

number of visitors that fall into different income brackets. Consider the

patterns you see as you write your final essay.

You can find the data for this task in Section 4: Complete the Histogram.

Using the data table, use the Data Analysis choice to create a histogram

using the Data Analysis toolset.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

To create the histogram, the required input cell range must come from the

Income Data column (E11:E1010). The bin range information is provided

in Section 4 in the Data tab. Copy and paste the cell numbers for the

income "buckets" from the table into the Bin Range area. Check New

Worksheet and Chart Output.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft

Excel will then produce a frequency table and chart on a new tab. Please

label the tab "Histogram."

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Copy and Sort Data

You've accomplished a lot with your data set, summary stats, and

histograms. In this step, you will copy (https://leocontent.umgc.edu

/content/scor/uncurated/dcl/2215-dcl600/learning-topic-list/how-to-

copy-excel-2010-sheet-to-another-sheet.html?ou=716269) and sort

data in an Excel worksheet and create a tab for sorted data. You will be

able to use this rearrangement of data when you are conducting

quantitative analysis. This skill is useful for reporting purposes and can be

applied to any Excel application.

Click to reveal instructions for Acquisition and Contract Management

(ACM) students.

You'll copy and sort the data (https://leocontent.umgc.edu/content

/scor/uncurated/pro/2215-pro600/learning-topic-list/copy-the-data-

so-that-you-can-learn-how-to-sort-it.html?ou=649756) . This is a

useful skill that applies to any use of Excel.

In this step, you will create Tab 5: Sorted Data. When you're finished,

you'll be ready to conduct your quantitative analysis.

Here is an example of a sorted spreadsheet:

Click to reveal instructions for Transformational Leadership Program

(TLP) students.

Create a new tab titled "Tab 5: Sorted Data." When you’re finished, you'll

be ready to conduct your quantitative analysis.

Here you will use the SUBTOTAL function in Excel to summarize the

following:

a. number of members per region

b. total assets per region

A. Right-click the page label with the data.

B. Click Move or Copy.

C. Check the box Create a Copy, then click OK. This will create a

duplicate of the page. Relabel the page "SORT."

D. Delete all content below the table in Section 1, except the section

used as reference for the VLOOKUP. If you delete this referenced

section, you will get an error in your region column.

Source: Used with

permission from

Microsoft.

E. Click Row 10 (with the table heading), then select the Data tab and

click Filter (with the funnel icon). This will create a dropbox option

for each column heading.

F. Sort the data by region by clicking the drop arrow on the region

column heading, and then sort A to Z.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students.

In this step, you will create the tab titled "Sorted Data." When you're

finished, you'll be ready to conduct your quantitative analysis.

You will often want to sort data on an Excel worksheet for reporting

purposes. This step will show you useful functions to do so.

A. Begin with these steps to copy the contents of the Data tab to a new

sheet.

◦ Right click on the Data tab.

◦ Select Move or Copy.

◦ Check the box Create a Copy.

◦ Click OK. This will insert a copy of the Data sheet on a new tab.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

• Rename the sheet "Sorted Data." It will be the last tab.

B. Delete all rows containing Section 2 and Section 3 work except the

table with region key. Be sure to leave the Region Key table in

Section 2. (Your VLOOKUP reads from this, and you will get a #N/A

error if the source data used in VLOOKUP is deleted).

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

C. Apply the ability to sort data on each column of the spreadsheet so

that you can sort by student number, date of birth, age, last name,

region, etc. This is done by highlighting all the headings for the

columns, then clicking the Data tab in the ribbon, then clicking Filter,

which is labeled with a funnel icon. This will create a dropdown

arrow beside each column heading.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

D. Sort by Region by clicking the drop arrow next to the region heading

and sort A to Z.

Source: Used with

permission from Microsoft.

E. Highlight the entire table. In the Data menu, select Subtotal Options.

Using the subtotal feature, you will calculate and display the average

GPA per region for students. Fill in the dialog box as shown:

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

F. Employ the subtotal feature to show the average of the GPA for each

region, with a grand mean (average) for all students.

G. Format the entire spreadsheet to print so that the columns fit on the

pages and Row 1 repeats on each page.

Click to reveal instructions for Strategic Communications (MSC)

students.

In this step, you will show the summary for total annual disposable

income for each of the news categories.

1. Right-click the Data tab to get a menu of choices.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

2. Click Move or Copy.

3. Check the box Create a Copy. Click OK. This will create a duplicate

of the page. Relabel the new page "Sorted Data."

4. Delete all content below the table in Section 1, except the section

used as reference for the VLOOKUP. If you delete this referenced

section, you will get an error in your news category column.

Primary news

source

News

category

Count of news

category %

Facebook Social media

Print news Hardcopy

Online news

sites

Electronic

Radio Traditional

TOTAL 0

Primary news

source

News

category

Count of news

category %

TOTAL 0

TV Traditional

5. Now you will use the SUBTOTAL function in Excel to sort by type of

news category in Column N.

6. Select Column N:10 with the table heading, then select the Data tab

and click Filter (with the funnel icon). Sort the data by news category,

A – Z.

7. Select the entire table with all the data (including heading).

a. Click on cell A10.

b. Hold down the CTRL and SHIFT keys.

c. Press the right arrow (keeping CTRL and SHIFT held), then the

down arrow (CTRL and SHIFT held).

8. Click the DATA tab in the Excel ribbon, then click Subtotal. Complete

the dialog box as shown below:

a. At each change in: New Category.

b. Use function: Sum.

c. Add subtotal to: Annual disposable income. (Scroll up and down

to make sure nothing else is selected.)

d. Check Replace Current Subtotals and Summary Below Data.

Source: Used with permission from Microsoft.

Now it is time to move on to the analytical questions in Step 9.

Submit Your Completed Workbook with Responses and Analysis

You've done a lot of work and should now be prepared to manipulate data

fields, analyze data, and create reports that your boss may request in the

future. You've learned how to create a multi-tabbed workbook in Excel

and explored many ways data can be manipulated and presented to

support your summaries and findings.

You're now ready to complete your analysis of the data and finish the

project. Once you have answered some questions to help you refine your

analytical ideas, please write a short essay about what the data reveals

to you, and arrange the tabs according to the instructions. You can

then submit your workbook in the Project 4 assignment folder. Good job!

Click to reveal instructions for Acquisition and Contract Management

(ACM) students.

In this step, your hard work bears fruit. What does it all mean? Think back

to your boss's reasons for tasking you with this project. Use your powers

of analysis to determine what the data may be telling you. Apply your

quantitative reasoning skills by answering the questions provided in the

resource and writing a short essay.

After you answer the questions, your short essay should include

• a one-paragraph narrative summary of your findings, describing

patterns of interest;

• an explanation of the potential relevance of such patterns; and

• a description of how you would investigate further to determine if

your results could be perceived as good or bad for the company.

You will prepare your responses in your workbook on the tab labeled

QR/Questions and Answers. Type in your answers to the questions and

your final essay in the textbox. Then move the QR/Questions and

Answers tab to the first tab position (to the left of the Data tab) when

you have finished.

When you have completed your essay, review the order of tabs:

• Tab 1: QR/Questions and Answers (short essay above)

• Tab 2: Data (Steps 1–6 above)

• Tab 3: Excel Summary Stats (Step 6)

• Tab 4: Graphs—Charts (Step 7)

• Tab 5: Histogram (Step 7)

• Tab 6: Sorted Data (Step 8)

Format this workbook so that all the spreadsheets can be printed.

Click to reveal instructions for Transformational Leadership Program

(TLP) students.

You're now ready to complete your analysis of the data to share with your

boss and upload your workbook for review! In this step, your hard work

bears fruit. What does it all mean? Your boss tasked you with providing an

analysis of where he should focus his efforts in the next fiscal year. Can

you make any projections of how company demographics might affect the

viability of the industry? What are the most numerous product lines?

What do the sales numbers tell you?

Please write a 250- to 300-word essay that includes the following:

• a one-paragraph narrative summary of your findings, describing

patterns of interest

• an explanation of the potential relevance of such patterns

• a description of how you would investigate further to determine if

your results could be perceived as good or bad for the company

You may find it helpful to create your essay in a Microsoft Word

document and copy and paste it into the text box on the Data Analysis

Essay tab.

When you have completed your essay, review the order of tabs:

• Tab 1: Data Analysis Essay

• Tab 2: Data Sheet (given)

• Tab 3: Summary Stats

• Tab 4: Charts

• Tab 5: Histogram

• Tab 6: Sorted Data

Submit your report and Excel workbook in the Project 4: Quantitative

Analysis assignment folder below.

Click to reveal instructions for Education students.

You're now ready to complete your analysis of the data to share with your

boss and upload your workbook for review! Remember that your principal

asked you to do this work to analyze demographic data, including

information about languages spoken in the students' homes and the

sending schools. Your principal may share parts of your workbook with

other administrators as part of a larger project that seeks to address the

educational implications of language diversity, mobility of students, and

how these factors affect student success. How would you capture what

the data seems to be showing you? Please provide a short, focused essay

that functions as an executive summary of your project findings.

Structure your essay as follows:

A. Write a one-paragraph narrative summary of your findings,

describing patterns of interest.

B. Provide an explanation of the potential relevance of such patterns,

referring to the connection between language and student success.

C. Provide a description of how you would investigate further to update

your initial findings.

You may find it helpful to create your essay in a text file and then copy

and paste it in your Excel workbook when you are satisfied with it. You

will create a text box in the Data Analysis Essay tab.

When you have completed your essay, review the order of tabs:

• Tab 1: Data Analysis Essay

• Tab 2: Data Sheet (given)

• Tab 3: Summary Stats

• Tab 4: Charts

• Tab 5: Pivot Table

• Tab 6: Histogram

• Tab 7: Sorted Data

Submit your report and Excel workbook in the Project 4: Quantitative

Analysis assignment folder below.

Click to reveal instructions for Strategic Communications (MSC)

students.

In this step, your hard work bears fruit. What does it all mean? Your boss

tasked you with providing an analysis of data that may help her come to

conclusions about the viability of adding a luxury skiing feature to the

resort.

The questions may help you to interpret the data. Be sure to review each

tab again to ensure that you can base your conclusions on the data.

Your 250- to 300-word essay will include the following:

• a one-paragraph narrative summary of your findings, describing

patterns of interest

• an explanation of the potential relevance of such patterns

• a description of how you would investigate further to determine if

your results could be perceived as good or bad for the company

You may find it helpful to create your essay in a Word document before

copying and pasting it into the text box on the QR Analysis tab.

When you have completed your essay, review the order of tabs:

• Tab 1: QR Analysis

• Tab 2: Data Sheet (provided)

• Tab 3: Summary Stats

• Tab 4: Graphs & Charts

• Tab 5: Histogram

• Tab 6: Sorted Data

Submit your report and Excel workbook in the Project 4: Quantitative

Analysis assignment folder below.

Before you submit your assignment, review the

competencies below, which your instructor will use to

evaluate your work. A good practice would be to use each

competency as a self-check to confirm you have

incorporated all of them. To view the complete grading

rubric, click My Tools, select Assignments from the drop-

down menu, and then click the project title.

• 1.1: Organize document or presentation clearly in a

manner that promotes understanding and meets the

requirements of the assignment.

• 1.2: Develop coherent paragraphs or points so that

each is internally unified and so that each functions as

part of the whole document or presentation.

• 1.4: Tailor communications to the audience.

• 1.5: Use sentence structure appropriate to the task,

message and audience.

• 1.6: Follow conventions of Standard Written English.

• 3.1: Identify numerical or mathematical information

that is relevant in a problem or situation.

• 3.2: Employ mathematical or statistical operations and

data analysis techniques to arrive at a correct or

optimal solution.

• 3.3: Analyze mathematical or statistical information, or

the results of quantitative inquiry and manipulation of

data.

• 3.4: Employ software applications and analytic tools to

analyze, visualize, and present data to inform decision-

Check Your Evaluation Criteria

making.

Submit your assignment to your instructor for review and

feedback.

Follow these steps to access the assignment:

• Click My Tools in the top navigation bar.

• Click Assignments.

• Select the relevant assignment.

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