Statistical - Write up of Results

(1) Analysis of Variance

(2) Analysis of Covariance

(3) Multivariate Analysis of Variance

(4) Multivariate Analysis of Covariance

(5) Discriminant Analysis

(6) Logistic Regression

(7) Cluster Analysis

(8) Principal Components

(9) Exploratory Factor Analysis

(10) Confirmatory Factor Analysis

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Problem 2:

Attribution theory is concerned with the cognitive processes that individuals use to explain their own performance in situations where causal relations are ambiguous. Empirical evidence indicates a tendency for individuals to attribute their own successful performance to internal factors, such as effort or ability, while poor performance is attributed to external factors beyond the individual's control. An experiment was conducted to examine the causal reasoning patterns of system users at the conclusion of a competitive, computer-based business game.

Eighty MBA students used what appeared to be different computer models to analyze unexpected variances in manufacturing costs. (Actually, all students utilized the same computer model.) Upon completion, students were paid an amount based on their overall performance: those who were told they performed poorly relative to their peers were paid $5, while those who were told they did well earned $20. (In actuality, the students were randomly assigned to one of the two performance groups.) At the time of payment, participants completed an evaluation form upon which five outcome variables were measured (each on a 7-point Likert scale):

Internal Outcome SAS Variable Names

EFFORT -- amount of effort expended

UND -- how well they understood the cost structure

External Outcome SAS Variable Names

QUALITY -- quality of the computer model used

LUCK -- level of good/bad luck

DIFF -- difficulty of the task itself

The main purpose of the study is to determine whether the means of the outcome variables described above differ depending on performance level (SAS variable defined below).

PERLEVEL = 1 if poor performance ($5),

2 if good performance ($20)

The data are saved in the ATTRIB SAS file. Several observations are listed below.

PERLEVEL EFFORT UND QUALITY LUCK DIFF