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Cyber Weapon Proliferation
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Due Date: 04-12-2021
Horschig, D. (2020). Cyber-weapons in nuclear counter-proliferation. Defense & Security Analysis, 36(3), 352-371.
This article provides a view on the conditions that are effective in nuclear counter-proliferation in cyber weapons. Iran, North Korea, and Saudi Arabia are some of the states that have shown great interest in nuclear proliferation, and their effectiveness remains relevant. Therefore, this article provides the general applicability of cyber weapons and their importance in nuclear counter-proliferation. A comparative case study analysed that the cyber operations are effective against the nuclear programs whose developments are yet to be finished since they can disrupt and delay the program at hand but not disrupt the whole process. This means that effectiveness can only be increased by combining different conventional weapons.
Kucharski, L., Loss, R., & Reddie, A. (2018). Annotated Bibliography:" US-Russian Nuclear Arms Control: Crisis and Collapse or Crossroads?" (No. LLNL-TR-755380). Lawrence Livermore National Lab.(LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States).
This article tries to find the standard solution to the nuclear weapons proliferation frameworks where both the countries mutually benefit from the agreement. From the article, an agreement should be set up to like a threat to the nations if anything comes. Then there are set guidelines that are to be followed. The agreements aim to solve all the worries the united states passes through, and it should serve the interest of the people of America, allies, and partners. The proposal should identify the benefits and the risks of replanning. There should be also standby plans to help solve any failure of the arms control. All these strategies and agreements are aimed at addressing the risks of cyber weapon proliferation.
Varela-Vaca, Á. J., Rosado, D. G., Sánchez, L. E., Gómez-López, M. T., Gasca, R. M., & Fernández-Medina, E. (2020). Definition and Verification of Security Configurations of Cyber-Physical Systems. In Computer Security (pp. 135-155). Springer, Cham.
The article focuses on the proliferation of the cyber-physical system, which is presumed to be raising security challenges. They serve as complex systems, integrating physical elements into automated networked systems with several sensors and actuators. All these devices make the system's data storage a bit complex to manage. The construction of the secure Coast is a challenge that requires the adoption and concentration of the requirements elements in the security configuration.
Nasir, K. The Evolution of Cyber War: The Actors and Strategies Shaping the Internet of Today. Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies (BIPSS), 36.
According to the article, the current world is geared by information technology and internet connectivity. Through connectivity, there is connections and collaborations hand, which is why the evolution of warfare has been on the rise. The new technologies and techniques are easily acquired from the internet, which in the long run results in developments. The developments have been both on the strategic, tactical, and proliferation of weapons. As a result, both the states and the non-states are involved in their weapons' technological advancements, which they can later use to defend themselves against enemies and ensure the attackers' anonymity. On the other hand, the cipher weapons in the states are adapting, resulting in conflicts.
Bellovin, S. M., Landau, S., & Lin, H. S. (2017). Limiting the undesired impact of cyber weapons: technical requirements and policy implications. Journal of Cybersecurity, 3(1), 59-68.
This article analyses the proliferation of cyber weapons. Their proliferation is much easier than the proliferation of kinetic weapons; their destruction and the target are essential. This leaves no traces behind, and no parts left after the attack cannot be assembled by one another after use. Additionally, the manufacture of cyber weapons is relatively cheaper. This makes the illegal bodies take advantage and explore in their manufacturing, leading to warfare among the states.
Hare, F. B. (2019). Precision cyber weapon systems: An important component of a responsible national security strategy?. Contemporary security policy, 40(2), 193-213.
This article focuses on the advancements made on the conventional weapon capabilities and precision. They are the elements of weapons that are accepted and expected in the community of cyberspace. The article argues the development of precision weapon systems should be used in legal conflicts. This makes a state of being responsible for its national security strategy to reduce violence and the destructions in conflicts. In the long run, unnecessary wars will be reduced due to the responsibilities taken by the states.
References
Bellovin, S. M., Landau, S., & Lin, H. S. (2017). Limiting the undesired impact of cyber weapons: technical requirements and policy implications. Journal of Cybersecurity, 3(1), 59-68.
Hare, F. B. (2019). Precision cyber weapon systems: An important component of a responsible national security strategy?. Contemporary security policy, 40(2), 193-213.
Horschig, D. (2020). Cyber-weapons in nuclear counter-proliferation. Defense & Security Analysis, 36(3), 352-371.
Kucharski, L., Loss, R., & Reddie, A. (2018). Annotated Bibliography:" US-Russian Nuclear Arms Control: Crisis and Collapse or Crossroads?" (No. LLNL-TR-755380). Lawrence Livermore National Lab.(LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States).
Nasir, K. The Evolution of Cyber War: The Actors and Strategies Shaping the Internet of Today. Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies (BIPSS), 36.
Varela-Vaca, Á. J., Rosado, D. G., Sánchez, L. E., Gómez-López, M. T., Gasca, R. M., & Fernández-Medina, E. (2020). Definition and Verification of Security Configurations of Cyber-Physical Systems. In Computer Security (pp. 135-155). Springer, Cham.
