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cs2.pptxHealthcare Professional’s Knowledge, Attitude and Beliefs about Immunizations in Adults
Clinical Problem
Lifelong vaccination is very important to avoid vaccine-preventable illnesses and their consequences (Ozawa et al., 2016).
Childhood vaccinations have always been the primary target of vaccine initiatives (Ozawa et al., 2016).
Chronic illnesses have focused on precautionary and medical health care for adults, but infectious disease prevention has gained attention (Ozawa et al., 2016).
Adult immunization coverage for most recommended vaccinations is low (Ozawa et al., 2016).
Vaccine preventable disease cause long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death (Ozawa et al., 2016).
World health statistics 2013 revealed 4880 cases of diphtheria, 162,047 pertusis, 14,272 tetanus, 354 820 measles, 726,169 mumps, and 114,449 rubella (Ozawa et al., 2016).
In 2011, there were 2500 diphtheria fatalities, 4,158,000 measles deaths-approximately 430 deaths per day (Ozawa et al., 2016).
Immunization should be continued throughout a person's life in order to protect them against diseases that may be prevented with vaccination and the complications that can arise from these diseases. Vaccine programs have mostly concentrated on administering shots to children. The prevention of infectious diseases has received more attention, despite the fact that chronic illnesses have dominated the focus of medical and preventative health care for adults. The adult vaccination coverage rate is poor for the majority of recommended immunizations. Even though adults are less susceptible to traditional infectious agents, their risk of infection has increased as a result of globalization and increased opportunities for travel. Vaccination of adults is essential because of this reason. The adult immunization program is a complex endeavor since it involves more than one shot and serves a diverse range of patients. Few adult healthcare practitioners are available to coordinate vaccine provision, and there is no integrated local health institution that exists to support an adult immunization program. Improved adult vaccination is required to decrease vaccine-preventable diseases in adults. The clinical care of adults should consist of regular examinations, the giving of guidance, and the administration of necessary vaccines.
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Background and significance
Adults in United States are not properly immunized.
Health care workers play vital role to impact adult patients level of knowledge in obtaining the necessary vaccinations.
Since 2010, 140,000 to 710,000 people in the United States have been hospitalized and 12,000 to 56,000 have been the deaths related to flu.
Pneumococcal pneumonia affects about 320,000 people every year and leads to 150,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths.
About 880,000 people have chronic hepatitis B, which can lead to serious health problems like liver damage, cirrhosis, liver cancer, even death, and HPV causes over 27,000 cancers in women and men each year and about 4,000 women die each year from cervical cancer.
Thus, immunization significantly reduces or eliminates the risk of numerous vaccine-preventable diseases.
(CDC, 2022)
Purpose/Aim of the Study
Purpose:
To assess the knowledge, attitude, and beliefs of the healthcare professionals about the immunization of the adult with the help of survey questionnaires.
Aim:
To examine the knowledge, attitude, and beliefs of healthcare professionals about adult immunization in percentage and determine the factors that affect vaccination.
Methodology
The method that I will be using is a convenience sampling method. This capstone project will be carried out in Clark Memorial Hospital, Jeffersonville Indiana after getting approval from the CEO. They will be provided with clear objectives of this study and methodology and will be informed that participation will be voluntary and anonymous. Survey Questionnaires will be provided to the healthcare professionals. Survey questions will be created based upon information gathered from the literature review.
Adult immunization obstacles include the following: Insufficient acknowledgment of adult immunization, lack of recommendation from medical professionals, a lack of understanding about the immunization of adults and the vaccinations that are recommended, Misrepresentation of the hazards of vaccinations in adults as well as their advantages, Inadequacy of vaccination in terms of both its safety and its efficacy,vaccinations skipped at medical clinics, nursing homes, and hospitals Vaccines paid for using public money and reimbursements provided to providersprograms of adult immunization that are not well organized,Unregulated or breaking the law
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Conclusion
Significant improvement in adulthood immunization is required to lessen the health implications of vaccine-preventable illnesses among adults.
Healthcare professionals’ suggestions for immunization are connected with improved adoption of adult immunization.
Increased knowledge and improved attitudes toward adult vaccinations by healthcare professionals can result in an increased rate of immunizations by an adult.
Vaccines prevent 70 percent to 90 percent of influenza-related diseases in healthy persons.
The vaccination decreases serious diseases and fatalities by 80 percent in the elderly.
Utilization of methods that have been shown to increase vaccination coverage, such as reminder-recall systems, efforts to lessen the financial and technical barriers to vaccination, utilization of prior authorization procedures for immunization, and review of preparation vaccination rates with recommendations to staff members.In addition, enhancing the delivery of routine vaccinations to adults and developing a comprehensive and dependable adult immunization program would increase public-health preparation and emergency response capabilities. These capabilities include the administration of medical countermeasures, the distribution of information, and the promulgation of information, among other things.
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References
(PDF) knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices of occupational ... (n.d.). Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/306359042_Knowledge_attitudes_beliefs_and_practices_of_Occupational_Physicians_towards_vaccinations_of_Health_Care_Workers_a_cross_sectional_pilot_study_from_North-Eastern_Italy
Alhatim, N., Al-Bashaireh, A. M., & Alqudah, O. (n.d.). Knowledge, attitude, and practice of seasonal influenza and influenza vaccine immunization among people visiting primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PLOS ONE. Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0266440
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). There are vaccines you need as an adult. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/adults/index.html
References
Elhadi, M., Alsoufi, A., Alhadi, A., Hmeida, A., Alshareea, E., Dokali, M., Abodabos, S., Alsadiq, O., Abdelkabir, M., Ashini, A., Shaban, A., Mohammed, S., Alghudban, N., Bureziza, E., Najah, Q., Abdulrahman, K., Mshareb, N., Derwish, K., Shnfier, N., … Msherghi, A. (2021, May 20). Knowledge, attitude, and acceptance of healthcare workers and the public regarding the COVID-19 vaccine: A cross-sectional study - BMC public health. BioMed Central. Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-021-10987-3
Mehta, B., Chawla, S., Kumar, V., Jindal, H., & Bhatt, B. (2014). Adult immunization: The need to address. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. Retrieved May 21, 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4185890/
Ozawa, S., Portnoy, A., Getaneh, H., Clark, S., Knoll, M., Bishai, D., ... & Patwardhan, P. D. (2016). Modeling the economic burden of adult vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States. Health Affairs, 35(11), 2124-2132.
