mod 8
hassan12!
CRNHMPUpdate-Final-FEMA-Approved.pdf
FINAL: September 1, 2014 FEMA Approved Pending Adoption August 29, 2014
FEMA Approved December 5, 2014
2014 - 2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards
Mitigation Plan Update
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 2
Cover Page Photo Credits (clockwise from top left): February 12, 2013 Blizzard, from The Hartford
Courant; Aftermath of Hurricane Irene, August 2011, from The Hartford Courant; July 2, 2013 Tornado in
Windsor, from www.nbcconnecticut.com; Simsbury Nod Road Flooding, 2006, from CRCOG files.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 3
Acknowledgements
Representatives from the thirty member municipalities of the Capitol Region Council of Governments contributed to the development of this plan update. The following individuals served as the primary project contacts and led the efforts in each community. Numerous other municipal staff assisted them in the update. We thank all contributors for their input and work.
Robert Burbank, First Selectman, Town of Andover
Jamie DiPace, Emergency Management Director, Town of Avon
John Lawlor, Public Works Director, Town of Bloomfield
Joyce Stille, Administrative Officer, Town of Bolton
Adam Libros, Fire Marshal/Director of Emergency Management, Town of Canton
Gary Haynes, Director of Community Development, Town of East Granby
Marcia Leclerc, Mayor, Town of East Hartford
Roger Hart, Deputy Police Chief, Town of East Windsor
Robert Phillips, Town Planner (former), Town of Ellington
Lisa Houlihan, Acting Town Planner, Town of Ellington
Daniel Vindigni, Assistant Town Manager/EMD (former), Town of Enfield
Charles Grasso, Director Emergency Management, Town of Enfield
Paul Melanson, Police Chief, Town of Farmington
Michael Bisi, Superintendent of Sanitation, Town of Glastonbury
Francis Armentano, Director of Community Development, Town of Granby
Carlos Huertas, Fire Chief/Emergency Management Director, City of Hartford
William Kramer, Emergency Management Director, Town of Hebron
Matt Bordeaux, Environmental Planner, Town of Manchester
Donald Janelle, Deputy Director Emergency Management, Town of Manchester
Catherine Gaudinski, First Selectman, Town of Marlborough
Judy Ceramicoli, Administrative Assistant, Town of Marlborough
Christopher Schroeder, Fire Chief/Emergency Management Director, Town of Newington
Ray Carpentino, Economic Development Director, Town of Rocky Hill
Richard Sawitzke, Town Engineer, Town of Simsbury
Lisa Pellegrini, First Selectman, Town of Somers
Jeffrey Bord, Director of Public Works/Town Engineer, Town of Somers
Fred Shaw, Superintendent of Pollution Control, Town of South Windsor
Richard Shuck, First Selectman, Town of Stafford
Dennis Milanovich, Town Engineer/Building Official, Town of Stafford
Michael Wilkinson, Director of Administrative Services, Town of Tolland
John Littell, Fire Chief/ Director of Public Safety, Town of Tolland
Michael Purcaro, Emergency Management Director, Town of Vernon
Gary Allyn, Fire Chief, Town of West Hartford
Michael Turner, Director of Public Works/Town Engineer, Town of Wethersfield
Paul Goldberg, Fire Administrator, Town of Windsor
Jennifer Rodriquez, Town Planner, Town of Windsor Locks
Patrice Carson, Consulting Town Planner, Town of Windsor Locks
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 4
We also thank Karen Michaels, Environmental Analyst, Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, and Mary Rose Duberek, Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, for their advice and assistance throughout the project.
The following CRCOG employees contributed to the development of this plan update:
Lyle Wray, Executive Director
Mary Ellen Kowalewski, Director of Policy Development and Planning
Cheryl Assis, Director of Public Safety and Homeland Security
Winsome Barnaby, Finance Director
Lynne Pike DiSanto, Senior Planning and Policy Analyst
William Perkins, Trainer and Homeland Security Project Coordinator
Pramod Pandey, Senior Transportation Planner/GIS Analyst
Maureen Barton, Program Assistant
William Austin, CERPC Coordinator
Rory Fitzgerald, Intern
Questions or comments regarding this Plan Update should be directed to: Lynne Pike DiSanto, AICP Senior Planner and Policy Analyst Capitol Region Council of Governments 241 Main Street, 4th Floor Hartford, Connecticut 06106 (860) 522-2217 ext. 211 [email protected]
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 5
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Acronym Definition
BCR Benefit-Cost Ratio
BFE Base Flood Elevation
BOCA Building Officials and Code Administration
CGS Connecticut General Statute
CAO Chief Administrative Officer
CEO Chief Elected Official
CEQ Connecticut Council on Environmental Quality
CIP Capital Improvements Program
CL&P Connecticut Light & Power Company
CLEAR Center for Land Use Education and Research
CRCOG Capitol Region Council of Governments
CRS Community Rating System
CSO Combined Sewer Overflow
DEMHS Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security
DEEP Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
DESPP Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection
DMA 2000 Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000
DOT Connecticut Department of Transportation
DPH Connecticut Department of Public Health
DPW Department of Public Works (or Director of Public Works)
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EOP Emergency Operations Plan
ESF Emergency Support Function
FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency
FHBM Flood Hazard Boundary Map
FHMP Flood Hazard Management Plan
FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map
FMA Flood Mitigation Assistance
FMP Flood Management Program
FPMS Floodplain Management Studies
GIS Geographic Information System
GPS Global Positioning System
HMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance
HMGP Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
IA Individual Assistance
IBC 2003 International Building Code
IT Information Technology
LID Low Impact Development
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 6
LOMA Letter of Map Amendment
MDC Metropolitan District Commission
MOU Memorandum of Understanding
NDDB Natural Diversity Data Base
NEMO Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials
NFIP National Flood Insurance Program
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
NGVD National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929
NHMP Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan
NOAA National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration
NRCS National Resources Conservation Service
NU Northeast Utilities
OEM Office of Emergency Management
OPM Connecticut Office of Policy and Management
NIMS National Incident Management System
PA Public Assistance
PDM Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program
POCD Plan of Conservation and Development
RCC Regional Coordinating Center
RESP Regional Emergency Support Plan
RPA Regional Planning Agencies
RPO Regional Planning Organization
SBA U.S. Small Business Administration
SCEL Stream Channel Encroachment Line
SHMO State Hazard Mitigation Officer
SHPO State Historic Preservation Office
SHSGP State Homeland Security Grant Program
STAPLEE Social, Technical, Administrative, Political, Legal, Economic, Environmental
SSO Sanitary Sewer Overflow
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
USDHS U.S. Department of Homeland Security
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
WUI Wildland/Urban Interface
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 7
Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update
2014 – 2019
Executive Summary
Introduction
Connecticut’s Capitol Region encompasses the City of Hartford and twenty-nine surrounding suburban and rural communities. The Capitol Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) received Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) funds through the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) to develop a Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update for the thirty municipalities comprising the region:
City of Hartford Town of Enfield Town of Somers Town of Andover Town of Farmington Town of South Windsor Town of Avon Town of Glastonbury Town of Stafford Town of Bloomfield Town of Granby Town of Suffield Town of Bolton Town of Hebron Town of Tolland Town of Canton Town of Manchester Town of Vernon Town of East Granby Town of Marlborough Town of West Hartford Town of East Hartford Town of Newington Town of Wethersfield Town of East Windsor Town of Rocky Hill Town of Windsor Town of Ellington Town of Simsbury Town of Windsor Locks
CRCOG staff and municipal officials from each community contributed to this planning project. The Capitol Region Emergency Planning Committee (CREPC) ESF-5 Emergency Management subcommittee was expanded to provide guidance to the update process. This plan update builds on the existing Pre- Disaster Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan of 2008. (All of the communities listed above except Stafford, which joined the Capitol Region in 2010, participated in the 2008 Plan.) The purpose of this plan is to identify natural hazards likely to affect the Capitol Region and its nearly 770,000 residents, assess our vulnerabilities to these hazards and set forth mitigation strategies that will reduce the loss of life and property, economic disruptions and the cost of post-disaster recovery for the region’s communities. The benefits of preparing a Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan include:
Improving the region’s ability to deal with natural disasters and reduce losses Reducing the need for emergency response to natural disasters Enabling municipalities to access FEMA Hazard Mitigation Assistance Grants upon formal adoption
of an approved plan Improving post-disaster recovery implementation
The plan considers the following natural hazards that affect the region:
Dam failure Drought Earthquake Flooding
Forest and Wild Land Fires Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Tornados and High Winds Severe Winter Storms
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 8
The impacts of these natural hazards were evaluated as well as the locations and groups of people particularly vulnerable to the effects of these hazards. Mitigation goals and strategies were developed at both the regional and local levels to reduce or prevent the damages to life and property that can result from these natural hazards. CRCOG and CREPC, in addition to local and other partners, are responsible for implementation of the regional goals contained in this plan. Each participating municipality identified its own mitigation goals and strategies and assumes responsibility for implementation of those measures.
Hazards Impacting the Capitol Region
The Capitol Region is vulnerable to the numerous natural hazards with flooding, winter storms and high wind events being the natural hazards that most frequently occur with enough severity to cause loss of life or property. To evaluate the impacts of these hazards on our region, we looked at historical accounts of major storms and other events; examined flood insurance claims data and public assistance provided after federally declared disasters; analyzed demographic data and physical features; and used a computer model to estimate losses due to flooding, hurricanes and earthquakes. The following is a brief summary of the natural hazards affecting the region and our communities.
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
The Atlantic hurricane season extends from June 1
st through November 30
th each year. While the Capitol
Region is spared the coastal storm surges associated with hurricanes, it is not immune from damaging winds and rain. According to the State’s Hazard Mitigation Plan, a moderate Category II hurricane can be expected to hit Connecticut once every twenty-three to thirty years. A major Category III or IV hurricane may occur before 2040, based on 20
th century trends.
In August 2011, Hurricane Irene, which was downgraded to a tropical storm before hitting Connecticut, caused widespread damage to the region and state. Irene was responsible for three deaths associated with flooding and downed wires from falling trees. According to The Hartford Courant, insurance companies paid out $235 million on more than 60,000 claims in Connecticut related to damage from Irene. However, this figure does not include hundreds of millions more in uncovered expenses and clean up costs for Connecticut’s largest electric utility, Connecticut Light and Power. At the height of the storm some 754,000 residents were without power. Capitol Region cities and towns were widely affected by downed trees, flooding and power outages as a result of Irene. Many residents and businesses were without power over a week. According to the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, municipalities, other local and private nonprofit agencies incurred expenses of over $3.18 million due to Irene. The municipalities and agencies are eligible for reimbursement of 75% of these costs under FEMA’s Public Assistance program. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH software to estimate the extent of physical damage and the economic losses to the region and our communities if we were hit with another hurricane similar to the Category III hurricane of 1938. The Hazus-MH hurricane model primarily considers wind damage for inland areas such as the Capitol Region which are not subject to storm surges. The model predicts the region could face economic losses of over $3.6 billion and nearly 26,000 buildings with moderate or greater damage as a result of such a storm. Floods Flooding can occur as a result of other natural hazards such as heavy precipitation, hurricanes, winter storms, snow melt, ice jams or dam failures. The Capitol Region’s numerous rivers and streams, as well as its urbanized areas, make floods and flash floods a regular risk. Individuals and local governments face significant economic
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 9
loss, risks to public safety, and degraded waterways from flooding. There is not a “flood season” per se in Connecticut; however, waterways are normally higher during spring, and are thus especially vulnerable to flooding from intense precipitation. Significant flooding can also occur as a result of hurricanes and tropical storms. According to the State’s Plan, major flooding of small rivers and loss of life can be expected every 5-10 years throughout the State. Major flooding of larger rivers, such as the Connecticut and Farmington, with loss of life and structural damage can be expected once every 30 years. Historic and widespread floods occurred in 1936, 1938, 1955, and 1982.
An analysis of claims filed under the National Flood Insurance Program in the Capitol Region demonstrates the potential for losses due to flooding. Since the program’s inception, over 1,200 claims resulting in payments of nearly $7.8 million have been filed in the Capitol Region as of February 2012. Of these claims, 287 were repetitive loss claims (i.e., more than one claim over $1,000 has been filed for flood damages to an
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 10
insured building over a ten year period). Nearly 100 properties have experienced repetitive losses in the Capitol Region. These losses have resulted in payments of over $3.5 million. West Hartford and Farmington have had the highest overall and repetitive flood loss claims. To help assess the risks we face from major flooding, CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH loss estimation program to model the effects of flooding at the local level. The following table shows the damages each town in the region might face from a flood with a 1% probability of occurring in any given year (i.e., the 100 year flood). As can be seen, losses could be expected to be particularly high for Farmington River Valley communities.
Municipality
Total Estimated Economic Losses from a 1% ( 100 Year) Flood
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged
Municipality
Total Estimated Economic Losses from a 1% ( 100 Year) Flood
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged
ANDOVER $10,290,000 8 MANCHESTER $64,350,000 11
AVON $179,770,000 114 MARLBOROUGH $5,170,000 2
BLOOMFIELD $21,720,000 30 NEWINGTON $15,730,000 23
BOLTON $1,970,000 0 ROCKY HILL $4,740,000 1
CANTON $52,170,000 34 SIMSBURY $102,150,000 135
EAST GRANBY $13,340,000 13 SOMERS $12,790,000 10
EAST HARTFORD $33,550,000 41 SOUTH WINDSOR $33,240,000 48
EAST WINDSOR $17,970,000 26 STAFFORD $50,620,000 27
ELLINGTON $11,120,000 0 SUFFIELD $24,030,000 12
ENFIELD $91,120,000 135 TOLLAND $13,400,000 11
FARMINGTON $228,470,000 393 VERNON $50,460,000 76
GLASTONBURY $35,720,000 10 WEST HARTFORD $130,710,000 140
GRANBY $42,450,000 66 WETHERSFIELD $20,960,000 7
HARTFORD $206,450,000 61 WINDSOR $132,710,000 292
HEBRON $4,400,000 0 WINDSOR LOCKS $2,420,000 0
Significant areas of the Capitol Region are vulnerable to flooding. Over 9% or 48,883 acres of the Capitol Region is located in flood plains. Over half of this land is zoned residential. Without restrictions on development in flood plains, lives and property are at risk. Dam Failure Dams provide vital benefits to our region such as water supply, power generation, flood control, and recreation, but in the event of failure, they can pose a threat to lives and property. Dam failure can happen for a number of reasons including as a result of natural disasters such as structural failure due to earthquakes or overtopping due to heavy precipitation. Dams in Connecticut are regulated by the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP). According to the DEEP, there are 533 dams in the Capitol Region. Of these, 38 are Class C, or high hazard, dams. Failure of a Class C dam would result in probable loss of life, major damage to habitable structures, damage to major highways and great economic loss. The region also has 59 Class B, or significant hazard, dams. Failure in these dams would result in similar, but less severe damage. The State estimates there are nearly 12,000 people in Hartford County and 4,150 people in Tolland County within
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 11
the mapped dam inundation areas of high and significant hazard dams. The Capitol Region does not include all municipalities in Hartford and Tolland Counties thus the regional population exposed to this risk is likely lower, probably under two percent.
Severe Winter Storms Connecticut is subject to blizzards, ice storms and nor’easters - storms characterized by strong, possibly damaging northeasterly winds. The Capitol Region receives an average annual snowfall of about 40”, although snowfall amounts vary widely from year to year and can vary dramatically across the Region in any given storm. Severe winter storms can result in damage to buildings and infrastructure, loss of life, and disruptions to regional transportation and communication systems. Half of all federal disaster declarations for Connecticut over the past 20 years have followed major winter or snow storms. Federal assistance is frequently used to offset the snow/ice removal costs the State and municipalities incur. For example, a federal emergency was declared for the February 11-12, 2006 snowstorm in several counties in Connecticut (including Hartford and Tolland) to help share the costs of snow removal. In 2011, FEMA obligated over $74 million in Public Assistance funds to the State of Connecticut to reimburse state agencies, local governments and eligible private nonprofit organizations for costs associated with the January 11-12, 2011 snowstorm and Storm Alfred in October. The frequency, intensity and timing of winter storms dramatically impacts snow removal budgets. Storm Alfred was particularly costly for municipalities because of the heavy debris loads resulting from the high number of fully leafed trees downed in this storm. Municipalities also incur higher labor costs for snow removal on weekends and holidays. Tornados/High Winds Connecticut averages approximately three tornadoes every two years; however, in the first week and a half of July 2013 four tornadoes hit the State including three which touched down in the Capitol Region. Hartford and Litchfield Counties are at the highest risk for tornadoes within the state based on historical patterns and locations of their occurrence. Between 1950 and 2003, Hartford County experienced 14 tornadoes and Tolland County experienced 10. Between 2006 and 2012, Connecticut experienced twelve tornados. Two of these were in Hartford County (Wethersfield and Bristol) and one in Tolland County (Somers). Typically, tornadoes occur between April and October. High winds and microbursts (strong straight-line downburst winds) can also inflict damage to property and result in injuries. One of the country’s most destructive tornadoes touched down in Windsor Locks and Windsor on October 3, 1979. The F4 tornado had winds in excess of 200 miles per hour, and tore an 11-mile path from Windsor to Suffield. The tornado killed 3 people, injured 500 and caused an estimated $250 million ($776,385,000 in 2011 dollars) in damage, in part because it struck the New England Air Museum destroying several planes and hangars. Earthquake Connecticut has a moderate risk of earthquakes based on the frequency of their occurrence, not the intensity of individual earthquakes. Between 1568 and 1989, the state had 137 recorded earthquakes. The Capitol Region experienced sixteen between 1837 and 2012. Of those where the magnitude was known, all were under magnitude 4.0. A strong earthquake centered in central Connecticut and thought to be 3.8 magnitude occurred on August 9, 1840.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 12
Magnitude 3.0 to 3.9 earthquakes are often felt by people up to a hundred miles away from the epicenter but rarely cause damage. Magnitude 4.0 to 4.9 earthquakes cause shaking of objects indoors but generally cause none to slight damage. Magnitude 5.0 to 5.9 earthquakes can cause moderate to major damage to poorly constructed buildings but none to slight damage to other buildings. Connecticut incorporated building codes for seismic activity into the state building code in 1992. There were no requirements prior to that. So, while the risk for a very damaging earthquake is relatively low in the region, some structures may be impacted by less intense earthquakes depending on the soil and integrity of the structure. Using FEMA’s Hazus-MH software, CRCOG analyzed several earthquake scenarios to estimate the potential loss to property and life. One scenario run was based on a 1998 5.2 magnitude earthquake centered in Pennsylvania and the results were typical for the modeling of historic earthquakes: No buildings or transportation and utility infrastructure were estimated to be damaged as a result of such an earthquake here. No fires were expected to result and no debris was expected to be generated as a result of the earthquake. Also, no injuries, deaths or displacements were expected to result from the quake. There were no economic losses estimated from such an earthquake scenario here.
We also ran a simulation of a magnitude 5 earthquake with an epicenter in Hartford. Such an earthquake would be stronger than we would expect based on historical evidence and has a low probability of occurring. An earthquake of this magnitude, however, would inflict considerable damage on the Capitol Region. Hazus estimates that over 12% of the buildings in the region or about 30,700 buildings would be at least moderately damaged and nearly 1,000 buildings would be damaged beyond repair. Four hospitals, 89 schools, seven police stations, five fire stations and two emergency operations centers would suffer at least moderate damage although none would be completely damaged. Thirty bridges would be expected to be moderately damaged and one completely damaged. Numerous leaks and breaks in water, wastewater and natural gas lines would be expected. Power outages would be widespread. Four fires are estimated to be ignited due to the earthquake resulting in about $3 million in building losses. Depending on the time of day that the earthquake struck, 40 to 85 deaths could be expected. Thousands of people would sustain minor injuries and hundreds would need hospitalization. Total economic losses estimated for such an earthquake would be $6.57 billion. Total building related losses were estimated at $5.51 billion with 47% of these losses attributed to residential properties. If a 5.0 magnitude earthquake were centered in Moodus, an area of historic “rumblings,” the effects on the Capitol Region would be considerably less severe. We ran a Hazus simulation of such an earthquake and found that only 1% of the buildings in the Capitol Region or about 2,200 buildings would be at least moderately damaged. Nearly 15 buildings in the region would be damaged beyond repair. No hospitals, schools, police stations, fire stations, emergency operations centers or bridges would suffer at least moderate damage and none would be completely damaged. Some leaks and breaks in water, wastewater and natural gas lines would be expected but no power outages would be expected. Only one fire is estimated to be ignited due to the earthquake. One death would be expected. About 40 people would sustain minor injuries and only a few would need hospitalization. Total economic losses estimated for the earthquake would be about $300 million. Total building related losses were estimated at $272 million with over 55% of these losses attributed to residential properties. These simulations highlight the significance of the location of the epicenter to the damages that could be expected. A moderately strong earthquake centered near a more populated, built up area would be expected to result in considerably more damage than one located in a more remote area. Based on our history and
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 13
geology, the Capitol Region’s vulnerability to damaging earthquakes is low. The damages we are likely to face here from earthquakes are much lower than in other parts of the nation and world. Drought
Droughts periodically occur in Connecticut and can have serious consequences. While a drought does not pose immediate threats to life and property, it can have severe economic, environmental and social consequences. A lack of precipitation can affect not only agricultural production, but also tourism, water utilities, residential wells, businesses and more. Connecticut experienced notable droughts in 1957, 1964-67, 1980-81 and 2002. During the 2002 drought, several water utilities imposed mandatory water conservation and restriction measures on their customers, while most other companies imposed voluntary restrictions. Such restrictions can impact businesses as well as residences. A meteorological drought was most recently declared for Hartford, Tolland and Windham Counties from April 12 through April 24, 2012 due to precipitation levels that were approximately half of normal levels. According to the NOAA Storm Events Database, rivers and streams were most affected as most ran at record low levels during the spring run-off season. The State did not issue a drought declaration, however, as reservoirs were at normal levels, thanks largely to above normal precipitation falling between August 2011 and November 2011. The main impact of this meteorological drought was periods of very high fire danger. Rainfall in the first half of 2013 has been higher than normal and drought seems unlikely for the near future. However, as the State’s draft Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update notes, predicting the future occurrences of drought within any given time period is difficult. Forest and Wildland Fires Forest or wildland fires can cause not only long-term damage to vegetation and ecosystems, but also damage to developments, especially as residential development has increased in woodland areas. In the last twenty years, a few forest fires have occurred in the Capitol Region including a fire in May 1995 which burned nearly 40 acres in Tolland; a brush fire in April 1999 in Vernon which also burned about 40 acres and came within 100 feet of homes in a nearby neighborhood; and a fire in April 2005 which burned eight acres along the Farmington River in Avon. The scale of these fires is much less than those experienced in the western and midwestern United States; nonetheless forest fires here pose a risk to lives and property especially at the urban/woodland interface.
Mitigation Strategy
To address the impacts of these natural hazards, the planning committee and local and regional staff reexamined the goals, objectives and strategic mitigation activities proposed in the 2008 Plan as well as assessed our experiences with natural disasters of the last five years and considered input from the public and other stakeholders in order to develop a blueprint for better protecting our region over the next five years. Each mitigation action was prioritized and responsible agencies, potential funding sources and time frames for implementing the projects were identified. What follows is a brief outline of the regional and local strategies proposed. We categorized the individual projects and actions proposed by the region and municipalities into the following types of measures:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 14
Education & Awareness – Projects and actions in this category include measures to inform and educate local residents and businesses, elected and appointed officials, and other stakeholders. Types of outreach include general public informational outreach efforts such as use of local websites to post information, mailings with tax statements, newspaper advertisements, press releases, e-mail blasts, etc. Other measures in this category include targeted outreach efforts to specific groups which could include more direct contact such as meetings. Also included are workshops, forums, fairs, seminars and the like. Natural Resource Protection – Actions included in this category are those that not only minimize hazard losses but also can preserve or restore functions of natural systems such as stream corridor restoration, watershed management, wetlands preservation and restoration, and timber management. Preparedness and Enhancement of Emergency Response – Actions in this category may not be thought of as directly tied to mitigation of damage due to natural disasters but they are measures vital to public safety and the restoration of normalcy in a community. In this regard, they play an important role in the reduction of losses a community will experience. Measures in this category include improving working relationships and coordination between agencies; securing new equipment, facilities, supplies and personnel to aid in emergency response; improving procedures related to emergency response; conducting emergency response training; and improving communications systems.
Prevention – Activities in this category generally include government actions or processes that influence the way land and buildings are developed, such as zoning regulations, floodplain regulations, building codes, open space preservation, and stormwater regulations. Also included are studies and assessments of risks and vulnerabilities including identifying and improving a community’s ability to contact vulnerable populations; improving mapping and data analysis capabilities; and undertaking engineering studies to address drainage, flooding, and power outage issues. Other government actions and programs such as implementing procedures for improving operations, using tax incentives and capital improvement programming are also included in this category. Structural Projects/Property Protection & Modifications – Activities in this category include modifications and retrofits of existing buildings, structures and infrastructure to protect or remove them from harm such as acquisition, relocation, elevation, flood proofing, installation of shatter proof glass, relining culverts, strengthening roofs, etc. Measures in this category could also include new construction or reconstruction projects to reduce the impact of hazards such as installation of improved drainage facilities, culverts, and other stormwater controls as well as undergrounding utilities. Expanding sheltering capacity and installation of backup power to critical facilities are other measures included in this category.
Regional Goal, Objectives and Mitigation Actions Because of the regional nature of natural hazards and common concerns, some mitigation activities are better addressed at the regional level; however, the means to carry out certain activities may not be available to regional agencies, but are available to municipalities. For example, CRCOG cannot enact laws and regulations, levy taxes, or enter into construction contracts. This section establishes our regional strategy for addressing natural hazards and sets out the mitigation actions that may best be undertaken on a regional level.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 15
Goal: Minimize the loss of life and property, and economic disruptions that can result from natural hazards.
Objective 1: Improve stormwater management and ground water recharge throughout the region to prevent increased flooding and lessen the effects of drought.
Mitigation Actions: 1.1 Encourage all municipalities in the Region to adopt regulations that incorporate or refer to recommended practices from the most current Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual, Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control and in particular, those which promote low impact development and green infrastructure techniques. 1.2 Encourage development that is in harmony with natural drainage systems in all municipalities through reviews of development referrals. 1.3 Foster improved understanding of the importance stream management, maintenance of natural drainage channels, and use of green infrastructure practices among municipal staff, inland wetlands commissions and planning and zoning commissions through education. 1.4 Continue participation with other regional planning agencies in Connecticut and Massachusetts in the Connecticut River Bi-State Partnership and, in particular, in the development of a Connecticut River Bi- State Corridor Management Plan.
Objective 2: Assist municipalities in implementing hazard mitigation strategies.
Mitigation Actions:
2.1 Work with member municipalities to maintain this regional natural hazard mitigation plan with updates at least every five years. 2.2 Work with member municipalities, state and federal agencies to improve availability of relevant data; including, but not limited to current land uses, vulnerable building stock inventories and values, and hazardous materials inventories. 2.3 Train CRCOG staff in HAZUS-MH software. 2.4 Assist member municipalities in pursuing federal and state funds to implement mitigation measures. 2.5 Incorporate natural hazard mitigation concerns into the regional plan of conservation and development and encourage municipalities to address natural hazards mitigation in local plans of conservation and development. 2.6 Encourage municipalities to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program’s Community Rating System.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 16
2.7 Work with municipalities to facilitate a process for improved communications with upstream communities to provide timely downstream notifications regarding water levels and releases from dams. 2.8 Encourage municipalities to increase their citizens’ awareness and use of the Get Ready Capitol Region website. (http://www.getreadycapitolregion.org/) 2.9 Encourage FEMA to recognize the cumulative effect of winter storm events
2.10 Assist member communities in efforts to develop and maintain lists of functional needs populations and in improving involvement of functional needs persons in planning and training for hazard mitigation.
Objective 3: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with power disruptions. Mitigation Actions: 3.1 Monitor state efforts to assist municipalities in working with Connecticut Light & Power concerns over appropriate utility right-of-way maintenance, emergency response and the burial of transmission lines. 3.2 Encourage the installation of generators at critical facilities and in developments serving the elderly or special need populations through outreach and associated work with local officials.
Objective 4: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with droughts.
Mitigation Actions: 4.1 Assist municipalities that do not currently have drought ordinances in enacting such ordinances to enable the enforcement of water conservation. 4.2 Assist in disseminating drought-related information by encouraging municipalities to post drought- related information released by the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security or Connecticut Department of Public Health through their websites and/or newsletters, and by posting drought-related information on the Get Ready Capitol Region website. Municipal Goals, Objectives and Mitigation Actions Each of the thirty municipalities in the Capitol Region also reassessed its goals, objectives, and strategic mitigation actions from the 2008 Plan, and developed a new strategic course of action for the upcoming five years. In all, some 400 specific mitigation actions and projects are proposed. While many are unique to the individual communities, there are commonalities among the actions proposed, and all communities have proposed a range of activities including public education and awareness; natural resource protection; plans, studies and regulatory actions; structural projects and modifications to buildings, facilities and infrastructure; as well as measures to improve preparedness and emergency response. The table which follows summarizes these actions and projects.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 17
Summary of Types of Mitigation Projects Proposed by Community
Education & Awareness
Natural Resource
Protection
Preparedness (Enhance Emergency Response)
Prevention Structural Projects – Property Protection & Modifications
Municipal Strategic Mitigation Actions, Processes, Projects
In fo
rm a
ti o
n a
l P
u b
li c
O u
tr e
a ch
T a
rg e
te d
O u
tr e
a ch
W o
rk sh
o p
s a
n d
F o
ru m
s
P re
se rv
e &
R e
st o
re N
a tu
ra l
F u
n ct
io n
s
T im
b e
r M
a n
a g
e m
e n
t
Im p
ro v
e C
o o
rd in
a ti
o n
&
W o
rk in
g R
e la
ti o
n sh
ip s
Im p
ro v
e P
ro ce
d u
re s
N e
w F
a ci
li ti
e s,
E q
u ip
m e
n t,
S u
p p
li e
s, P
e rs
o n
n e
l
T ra
in in
g
Im p
ro v
e C
o m
m u
n ic
a ti
o n
s
S y
st e
m s
A ss
e ss
R is
k s
& V
u ln
e ra
b il
it ie
s
A ss
e ss
/P ro
te ct
V u
ln e
ra b
le
P o
p u
la ti
o n
s
P ro
ce ss
e s
to M
it ig
a te
D a
m a
g e
s
to L
if e
& P
ro p
e rt
y
S tr
e n
g th
e n
P la
n n
in g
&
D e
v e
lo p
m e
n t
R e
g u
la ti
o n
s
A cq
u is
it io
n /R
e lo
ca ti
o n
Im p
ro v
e D
ra in
a g
e ,
C u
lv e
rt s,
R o
a d
s &
B ri
d g
e s
P ro
te ct
/I m
p ro
v e
U ti
li ty
In fr
a st
ru ct
u re
S tr
e n
g th
e n
/P ro
te ct
C ri
ti ca
l
F a
ci li
ti e
s
Andover X X
X
X X X
X X
X
Avon X
X X
X X X
X X
X
Bloomfield X
X X X
X
X
Bolton X
X
X
X X
X
X X
Canton X
X
X X X X X
East Granby
X
X
X X X X X
East Hartford X
X
X X X X X
X
X
East Windsor X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X
Ellington X X
X X X
X
X
Enfield X
X
X X X X X
X
X
Farmington X
X
X
X
X
Glastonbury X
X
X X X
X X X
Granby X
X X X X X
X
X X
X X
Hartford
X
X X
X X
X
X
Hebron X
X X
X
X X X X
X
Manchester X X
X X
X
X
Marlborough X
X X X X X
X
X
Newington
X
X
X X
X
X
Rocky Hill
X X X
X
X X X X
X
Simsbury
X
X
X
X X X
X
X
Somers X X
X X
X
X
South Windsor X
X X X X
X X X X
X X
Stafford X
X X X X
X
X X
X X
Suffield X
X
X
X X
Tolland X
X
X
X
X X X X
X
X
Vernon X X
X
X X
X
X
X
West Hartford
X X
X
X
Wethersfield X
X X
X
X X X X X X
Windsor X X
X
X X X
X
X
X X X
Windsor Locks X
X
X
X
Capitol Region X X X X
X
X
X X
X
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 18
Planning Process
The Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update planning process began in early 2012 when the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) awarded the Capitol Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) a Pre-Disaster Mitigation Planning Grant to update its 2008 regional natural hazard mitigation plan. This Plan Update was developed in collaboration with the Capitol Region Emergency Planning Commission (CREPC), the Region’s 30 municipalities and the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP). A planning sub-committee provided guidance to the project. In July 2012, the planning committee met to reexamine the list of hazards impacting the Capitol Region. The committee agreed that the list of eight natural hazards identified in the 2008 Plan should continue to be considered the natural hazards addressed in the Plan Update. The committee rated the hazards for their significance and impact on the Region. Flooding ranked as the number one hazard of concern, followed closely by hurricanes and then by winter storms and tornados. The planning committee met again in February 2013 to reassess the regional mitigation strategies and in September 2013 to review the draft plan document. CRCOG staff researched natural hazards and major storm events impacting the Region and State in the last several years. The data analyzed came from a variety of sources including FEMA, DEEP, the National Weather Service, regional newspapers, the United States Geological Survey, United States Census Bureau, municipalities and CRCOG’s internal geographic information system as well as other resources. The data were used to evaluate natural disasters in terms of frequency, magnitude, areas of impact and economic loss. The collected data was analyzed using the CRCOG’s geographic information system and HAZUS-MH, software developed for FEMA to estimate losses from earthquake, hurricanes and floods. CRCOG staff led efforts to involve officials from each town in updating individual municipal sections. Meetings were held in each of the thirty municipalities and included local staff from a variety of departments including administration, planning, emergency management, police, fire, public health, sanitation, public works, engineering, information technologies, social services, human resources, boards of education, ambulance services, among others. In some towns citizens and elected officials also participated. Following these municipal meetings, CRCOG staff worked with the municipally designated staff contacts to incorporate the updates prepared by the municipalities. In all, over 400 local officials were involved in updating the municipal sections. A variety of means were used to inform the public of the planning process and to gain public input on hazards, areas and issues of concern, and on mitigation measures. These specific outreach efforts included reports and presentations to local officials; web page updates; an opinion survey developed to solicit input from the public on local mitigation activities and strategies; a series of subregional public meetings. Specific efforts were also made to involve neighboring communities and other regional bodies including Connecticut Light and Power (CL&P) and the Metropolitan District (MDC) into the planning process. From the survey and subregional meetings, we found there is strong support: 1) for using an emergency alert system to contact residents; 2) for measures which could help restore a sense of normalcy after a significant event, such as providing back-up power to important community facilities and ensuring that roads are quickly passable after storms; 3) for ensuring that the public is prepared for natural disasters through various means of outreach; 4) for training of municipal staff and volunteers for emergency response; for trimming or removing trees to reduce the potential for power outages; and 5) for ensuring the needs of vulnerable populations are addressed.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 19
The public review and comment on the draft Plan Update extended from mid September through October 2013. Notifications of the availability of the plan are posted on CRCOG’s website and all municipalities were asked to post similar notices on their websites. Two public meetings were held, one in Hartford and one in Enfield, to gather public comment. Comment was also solicited through the CRCOG website and emails to an extensive list of stakeholders developed during the plan update process. Following the public review, the draft Plan Update was revised to incorporate suggestions received and submitted the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) for formal review. State officials reviewed the Plan Update and forwarded it to FEMA for federal review and approval. FEMA requested a number of revisions; these were addressed and the revised Plan Update was resubmitted for State and federal review. FEMA issued its Approval Pending Adoption August 29, 2014.
Plan Implementation and Maintenance
Upon approval of the Plan Update by FEMA, each municipality’s governing body as well as CRCOG’s Policy Board will need to formally adopt the Plan Update. CREPC will also be asked to append this plan to the Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP) Plan. Implementation of the strategies contained within this plan will depend largely on the availability of resources. Each municipality and CRCOG will have to consider the costs, availability of funding, and impacts of each strategy individually. The CRCOG Policy Development & Planning Department will be responsible for regional strategies and coordination with CRCOG Public Safety staff. The planning sub- committee of CREPC (ESF-5), which provided guidance to this project, will monitor progress on its implementation with assistance from CRCOG staff. The sub-committee will conduct annual outreach to municipalities to ascertain progress on proposed mitigation actions. For more information on natural hazard mitigation planning, please visit CRCOG’s website – http://www.crcog.org/community_dev/current_p_fema.html
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 20
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 21
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................................................................................3 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ..............................................................................................................................5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................7
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................7 Hazards Impacting the Capitol Region .......................................................................................................8 Mitigation Strategy ..................................................................................................................................13 Planning Process ......................................................................................................................................18 Plan Implementation and Maintenance ..................................................................................................19
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................21 TABLES ..............................................................................................................................................................24 MAPS ................................................................................................................................................................25 FIGURES .............................................................................................................................................................26
SECTION I: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF THE REGION ..................................................... 27
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................29 Plan ..........................................................................................................................................................29 Authority ..................................................................................................................................................29 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................................30
CONNECTICUT’S CAPITOL REGION ...........................................................................................................................30 Geography and Climate ...........................................................................................................................30 Population and Housing ...........................................................................................................................31 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................................33 Cultural and Natural Assets of the Region ...............................................................................................34
SECTION II: HAZARD EVALUATION .............................................................................................. 41
HAZARDS IMPACTING THE CAPITOL REGION ..............................................................................................................43 Hurricanes and Tropical Storms ...............................................................................................................49 Floods .......................................................................................................................................................55 Dam Failure ..............................................................................................................................................71 Severe Winter Storms ...............................................................................................................................74 Tornadoes/High Winds ............................................................................................................................80 Earthquakes .............................................................................................................................................86 Drought ....................................................................................................................................................91 Forest and Wildland Fires .........................................................................................................................95
HAZARDS SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................96
SECTION III: MITIGATION STRATEGIES ...................................................................................... 103
NATURAL HAZARD MITIGATION IN THE CAPITOL REGION .......................................................................................... 105 Our Capabilities for Implementing Mitigation Actions.......................................................................... 105 Existing Strategies ................................................................................................................................. 107 Resources .............................................................................................................................................. 117 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 126 Regional Goals, Objectives and Strategic Actions ................................................................................. 128 Municipal Goals, Objectives and Strategic Actions ............................................................................... 141 Analysis of Mitigation Actions and Processes ....................................................................................... 186
SECTION IV: MUNICIPAL PLANS ................................................................................................ 191
ANDOVER ....................................................................................................................................................... 193 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 193 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 194
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 22
AVON ............................................................................................................................................................. 201 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 201 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 202
BLOOMFIELD ................................................................................................................................................... 210 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 210 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 212
B O L T O N ....................................................................................................................................................... 218 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 218 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 219
CANTON ......................................................................................................................................................... 225 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 225 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 226
EAST GRANBY .................................................................................................................................................. 232 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 232 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 233
EAST HARTFORD ............................................................................................................................................... 240 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 240 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 242
EAST WINDSOR ................................................................................................................................................ 249 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 249 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 251
ELLINGTON ...................................................................................................................................................... 261 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 261 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 262
E N F I E L D ....................................................................................................................................................... 267 Existing Strategies ................................................................................................................................. 267 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 267 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 269
FARMINGTON .................................................................................................................................................. 277 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 277 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 279
GLASTONBURY ................................................................................................................................................. 285 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 285 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 286
GRANBY .......................................................................................................................................................... 294 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 295 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 297
H A R T F O R D ................................................................................................................................................... 306 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 306 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 308
HEBRON ......................................................................................................................................................... 316 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 316 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 318
MANCHESTER .................................................................................................................................................. 325 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 325 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 327
MARLBOROUGH ............................................................................................................................................... 332 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 332 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 333
N E W I N G T O N ................................................................................................................................................ 339 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 339 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 341
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 23
ROCKY HILL ..................................................................................................................................................... 346 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 346 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 349
SIMSBURY ....................................................................................................................................................... 356 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 356 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 358
SOMERS .......................................................................................................................................................... 366 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 366 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 368
SOUTH WINDSOR ............................................................................................................................................. 374 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 374 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 375
STAFFORD ....................................................................................................................................................... 384 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 385 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 387
S U F F I E L D ..................................................................................................................................................... 393 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 393 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 394
T O L L A N D ...................................................................................................................................................... 400 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 400 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 401
V E R N O N ....................................................................................................................................................... 410 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 410 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 411
WEST HARTFORD ............................................................................................................................................. 419 Existing Strategies ................................................................................................................................. 419 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 420 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 421
WETHERSFIELD................................................................................................................................................. 427 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 427 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 428
WINDSOR ....................................................................................................................................................... 436 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 436 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 438
WINDSOR LOCKS .............................................................................................................................................. 445 Challenges ............................................................................................................................................. 445 Goals, Objectives and Strategies ........................................................................................................... 446
SECTION V: PLANNING PROCESS ............................................................................................... 453
PLANNING PROCESS .......................................................................................................................................... 455 Hazards Identification ........................................................................................................................... 455 Data Collection and Analysis/Risk Assessment ..................................................................................... 455 Municipal Plans Review/Update ........................................................................................................... 456 Strategy Analysis and Prioritization ...................................................................................................... 459 Public Participation ............................................................................................................................... 460 Coordination with Neighboring Communities and Other Agencies ...................................................... 467
SECTION VI: PLAN IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE ...................................................... 471
BRINGING THE PLAN TO LIFE ............................................................................................................................... 473 PLAN ADOPTION .............................................................................................................................................. 474 STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION .............................................................................................................................. 474 IMPLEMENTATION MONITORING ......................................................................................................................... 475
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 24
PLAN UPDATES ................................................................................................................................................ 478
SECTION VII: REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 479
REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................... 481 MUNICIPAL WEBSITES ....................................................................................................................................... 483 REGIONAL PLANNING AGENCY WEBSITES .............................................................................................................. 484
SECTION VIII: APPENDICES ........................................................................................................ 485
APPENDIX A: PLANNING PROCESS AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ................................................. A5
PLANNING COMMITTEE MEETINGS ........................................................................................................................ A5 MEETINGS WITH MUNICIPAL OFFICIALS ................................................................................................................ A20 CRCOG WEBSITE POSTINGS .............................................................................................................................. A29 SURVEY RESULTS .............................................................................................................................................. A38 SUBREGIONAL PUBLIC MEETINGS......................................................................................................................... A64 DRAFT PLAN PUBLIC REVIEW AND COMMENT ...................................................................................................... A133
APPENDIX B: HAZUS-MH EVENT REPORTS .................................................................................. B1
REGIONAL EVENT REPORTS ................................................................................................................................... B1 MUNICIPAL EVENT REPORTS ............................................................................................................................... B52
APPENDIX C: ADOPTION RESOLUTIONS ...................................................................................... C1
(Please note: the Appendices are formatted to be able to be printed as a separate document.)
Tables
TABLE 1: CAPITOL REGION 2010 POPULATION AND DENSITY ..................................................................................... 31 TABLE 2: CAPITOL REGION HOUSING UNITS, 1990-2010......................................................................................... 32 TABLE 3: 2010 GRAND LIST DATA BY TOWN .......................................................................................................... 33 TABLE 4: COSTS INCURRED BY MUNICIPALITIES AND LOCAL AGENCIES DUE TO 2011 DISASTERS ..................................... 44 TABLE 5: LOSS ESTIMATES BY HAZARD FOR STATE FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE …………… ........................................ 47 TABLE 6: CONNECTICUT FEDERALLY DECLARED DISASTERS SINCE 1954 ...................................................................... 48 TABLE 7: HAZUS-MH LOSS ESTIMATES BY MUNICIPALITIES FOR A CATEGORY 3 HURRICANE .......................................... 51 TABLE 8: DAMAGE ESTIMATES TO CAPITOL REGION MUNICIPALITIES FROM THE AUGUST 1955 FLOOD ..............................56 TABLE 9: ESTIMATED LOSSES TO CAPITOL REGION COMMUNITIES FROM 100 YEAR FLOOD EVENTS .................................. 61 TABLE 10: PERCENTAGE OF LAND USES (BY ZONING DISTRICT CATEGORIES) IN FEMA FLOOD ZONES .............................. 63 TABLE 11: NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM LOSS STATISTICS S OF FEBRUARY 29, 2012 ..................................... 67 TABLE 12: NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM REPETITIVE LOSS CLAIMS 1982-2011 .......................................... 69 TABLE 13: DAM HAZARD CATEGORIES ................................................................................................................... 71 TABLE 14: CAPITOL REGION HIGH HAZARD DAMS (CLASS C) ..................................................................................... 72 TABLE 15: CAPITOL REGION DAMS IMPACTED BY OCTOBER 2005 FLOODING ............................................................... 74 TABLE 16: TORNADOES IN HARTFORD AND TOLLAND COUNTIES 1950-1995 ............................................................... 85 TABLE 17: SUMMARY OF LOCAL VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL HAZARDS AND KEY ISSUES .............................................. 99 TABLE 18: CAPITOL REGION MEMBER COMMUNITIES MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTAL STRUCTURES ................................. 106 TABLE 19: COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN NATIONAL FLOOD PROGRAM .....................................................................108 TABLE 20: MUNICIPAL FLOOD PLAIN REGULATIONS ......................................................................................... 109 TABLE 21: MUNICIPAL LAND USE AGENCIES AND PLANS .......................................................................................... 112 TABLE 22: SUMMARY OF TYPES OF MITIGATION PROJECTS PROPOSED BY COMMUNITY ................................................. 143
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 25
TABLE 23: LISTING OF MUNICIPAL STRATEGIC ACTIONS FROM 2008 PLAN & 2014-2019 PLAN UPDATE ......................... 144 TABLE 24: BENEFIT COST RATIO SCORING DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................... 186 TABLE 25: BENEFIT COST RATIOS FOR MUNICIPAL MITIGATION ACTIONS .................................................................... 188 TABLE 26: BENEFIT COST RATIOS FOR REGIONAL MITIGATION ACTIONS ...................................................................... 189 TABLE 27: MUNCIPAL REPRESENTATIVES INVOLVED IN PLAN UPDATE PROCESS ............................................................ 457 TABLE 28: MITIGATION MEASURES BY FREQUENCY OF SELECTION .............................................................................. 461 TABLE 29: NATURAL HAZARDS MITIGATION PLAN UPDATE PRIMARY MUNICIPAL CONTACTS .......................................... 475
Maps
MAP 1: CAPITOL REGION TOPOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................... 36 MAP 2: CAPITOL REGION LAND COVER - 2006 ....................................................................................................... 37 MAP 3: CAPITOL REGION PLAN OF CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT LAND USE POLICY MAP ..................................... 38 MAP 4: LOCATIONS OF ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAPITOL REGION ............................................... 39 MAP 5: NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC SITES AND DISTRICTS IN CAPITOL REGION .................................................... 40 MAP 6: CAPITOL REGION POPULATION DENSITY, FLOODPLAINS, AND HIGH & SIGNIFICANT HAZARD DAMS ..................... 66 MAP 7: TOTAL FLOOD INSURANCE LOSS CLAIMS & PAYMENTS FOR THE CAPITOL REGION FEB. 2012 ............................... 68 MAP 8: CAPITOL REGION INSURANCE CLAIMS FOR REPETITIVE FLOOD LOSSES ............................................................... 70 MAP 9: DAMS IN CAPITOL REGION ................................................................................................................. 72 MAP 10: ANDOVER POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ....................................................................... 199 MAP 11: ANDOVER FLOOD PLAIN, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 200 MAP 12 AVON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .............................................................................. 209 MAP 13: AVON FLOOD PLAIN, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ........................................... 210 MAP 14: BLOOMFIELD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ................................................................... 216 MAP 15: BLOOMFIELD FLOOD PLAIN, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .................................. 217 MAP 16: BOLTON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 223 MAP 17: BOLTON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 224 MAP 18: CANTON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 230 MAP 19: CANTON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 231 MAP 20: EAST GRANBY POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .................................................................. 238 MAP 21: EAST GRANBY FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................... 239 MAP 22 EAST HARTFORD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ............................................................... 247 MAP 23: EAST HARTFORD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ........................... 248 MAP 24: EAST WINDSOR POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ................................................................ 259 MAP 25: EAST WINDSOR FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................. 260 MAP 26: ELLINGTON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ...................................................................... 265 MAP 27: ELLINGTON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES................................... 266 MAP 28: ENFIELD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .......................................................................... 275 MAP 29: ENFIELD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ....................................... 276 MAP 30: FARMINGTON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .................................................................. 283 MAP 31: FARMINGTON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................... 284 MAP 32: GLASTONBURY POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ................................................................. 292 MAP 33: GLASTONBURY FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .............................. 293 MAP 34: GRANBY POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 304 MAP 35: GRANBY FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 305 MAP 36: HARTFORD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ...................................................................... 314 MAP 37: HARTFORD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ................................... 315 MAP 38: HEBRON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 323 MAP 39: HEBRON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 324 MAP 40: MANCHESTER POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .................................................................. 330
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 26
MAP 41: MANCHESTER FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................... 331 MAP 42: MARLBOROUGH POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ............................................................... 337 MAP 43: MARLBOROUGH FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................ 338 MAP 44: NEWINGTON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ................................................................... 344 MAP 45: NEWINGTON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ................................ 345 MAP 46: ROCKY HILL POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ..................................................................... 354 MAP 47: ROCKY HILL FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .................................. 355 MAP 48: SIMSBURY POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ....................................................................... 364 MAP 49: SIMSBURY FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .................................... 365 MAP 50: SOMERS POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 372 MAP 51: SOMERS FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 373 MAP 52: SOUTH WINDSOR POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ............................................................. 382 MAP 53: SOUTH WINDSOR FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS, IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................... 383 MAP 54: STAFFORD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ....................................................................... 391 MAP 55: STAFFORD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .................................... 392 MAP 56: SUFFIELD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ........................................................................ 398 MAP 57: SUFFIELD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ..................................... 399 MAP 58: TOLLAND POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ........................................................................ 408 MAP 59: TOLLAND FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ..................................... 409 MAP 60: VERNON POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ......................................................................... 417 MAP 61: VERNON FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ...................................... 418 MAP 62: WEST HARTFORD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ............................................................. 425 MAP 63: WEST HARTFORD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS,IMPORTANT FACILITIES ................................ 426 MAP 64: WETHERSFIELD POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ................................................................ 434 MAP 65: WETHERSFIELD FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES ............................. 435 MAP 66: WINDSOR POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES ....................................................................... 443 MAP 67: WINDSOR FLOOD PLAINS, REPETITIVE LOSS AREAS, DAMS AND IMPORTANT FACILITIES .................................... 444 MAP 68: WINDSOR LOCKS POPULATION DENSITY, DAMS AND FLOOD ZONES .............................................................. 450 MAP 69: WINDSOR LOCKS REPETITIVE FLOOD LOSS CLAIMS, DAMS, FLOOD ZONES, OPEN SPACE ................................... 451 MAP 70: CRCOG AND CREPC MUNICIPALITIES .................................................................................................... 468
Figures
FIGURE 1:STORM TRACKS OF CATEGORY 3 OR HIGHER HURRICANES ACROSS CONNECTICUT ............................................ 50 FIGURE 2: HAZUS-MH LEVELS OF ANALYSIS AND USER SOPHISTICATION ...................................................................... 60 FIGURE 3: CAPITOL REGION ZONING IN FEMA FLOOD ZONES .................................................................................... 62 FIGURE 4: OCTOBER 2011 SNOWFALL TOTALS ACROSS CENTRAL CONNECTICUT ........................................................... 79 FIGURE 5: BLIZZARD OF 2013 SNOWFALL TOTALS ................................................................................................... 80 FIGURE 6: TORNADO TRACKS ACROSS CONNECTICUT ............................................................................................... 86 FIGURE 7: EARTHQUAKE PROBABILITIES IN NEW ENGLAND ........................................................................................ 87 FIGURE 8: MAGNITUDE 5.0 EARTHQUAKE PROBABILITY MAP ..................................................................................... 88 FIGURE 9: CONNECTICUT DROUGHT MATRIX .......................................................................................................... 92 FIGURE 10: LEVEED AREAS IN EAST HARTFORD AND HARTFORD ................................................................................ 115 FIGURE 11: CORE STEPS IN THE MITIGATION PLANNING PROCESS .............................................................................. 473
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 27
Section I: Introduction and Overview of the Region
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 28
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 29
Introduction
The Capitol Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) received Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) funds through the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) to develop a Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update for the thirty municipalities comprising the region:
City of Hartford Town of Enfield Town of Somers Town of Andover Town of Farmington Town of South Windsor Town of Avon Town of Glastonbury Town of Stafford Town of Bloomfield Town of Granby Town of Suffield Town of Bolton Town of Hebron Town of Tolland Town of Canton Town of Manchester Town of Vernon Town of East Granby Town of Marlborough Town of West Hartford Town of East Hartford Town of Newington Town of Wethersfield Town of East Windsor Town of Rocky Hill Town of Windsor Town of Ellington Town of Simsbury Town of Windsor Locks CRCOG staff and municipal officials from each community contributed to this planning project.
Plan
This plan update builds on the existing Pre-Disaster Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan of 2008. (All of the
communities listed above except Stafford, which joined the Capitol Region in 2010, participated in the 2008 Plan.) This introductory section contains a brief overview of the plan’s purpose and an introduction to the region and its current conditions. It describes who we are and what we have at stake. Section II profiles and evaluates the natural hazards that affect the Capitol Region. Section III assesses regional and local capabilities, summarizes the local and regional mitigation actions, and describes the regional mitigation goals and strategies in more detail. Section IV describes each participating community, their vulnerabilities to natural hazards and their mitigation strategies. Section V describes the planning process undertaken by CRCOG and its member municipalities to complete this plan. Section VI outlines the process for implementing, monitoring and updating the plan as well as summarizing the adoption process. Section VII documents the sources we used. Finally, the appendices provide further details on our planning process and loss estimations.
Authority
The Federal Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA 2000) amended Section 322, “Mitigation Planning”
and other sections of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to promote natural hazard mitigation planning. DMA 2000 requires local governments to have an approved Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan to be eligible to receive Hazard Mitigation Grant Program project funding. Once approved by FEMA and adopted locally, this regional plan will fulfill that requirement.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 30
Purpose
The purpose of this plan is to identify natural hazards likely to affect the Capitol Region, assess our
vulnerabilities to these hazards and set forth mitigation strategies that will reduce the loss of life and property, economic disruptions and the cost of post-disaster recovery for the region’s communities. Unlike other emergency plans already adopted for the region, this Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan focuses on reducing or eliminating the impacts of natural hazards. Nevertheless, as mitigation measures are only a part of emergency preparedness, this plan will be incorporated into the Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP) after adoption. The Capitol Region’s communities recognize their responsibility to protect the health, safety and welfare of their citizens and will strive to implement the mitigation strategies they propose. However, while this plan provides a blueprint for local and regional efforts to reduce or eliminate risk to life and property from natural hazards, it does not constitute a mandate, specification or regulation.
The plan considers the following natural hazards that affect the region:
Dam failure
Drought
Earthquake
Flooding
Forest and Wild Land Fires
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Tornados and High Winds
Severe Winter Storms
Mitigation goals and strategies were developed at both the regional and local levels. CRCOG and the
Capitol Region Emergency Planning Committee (CREPC), in addition to local and other partners, are responsible for implementation of the regional goals contained in this plan. Each participating municipality identified its own mitigation goals and strategies and assumes responsibility for implementation of those measures.
Connecticut’s Capitol Region
Geography and Climate
The Connecticut River valley bisects the Capitol Region from north to south. The western and eastern
edges of the region contain more steep slopes, and narrower tributary river valleys than the relatively flat, central valley (see the topography map at the end of this section). The region’s climate, like the State’s, is dominated by relatively even distribution of precipitation across four seasons; a significant range in temperatures both seasonally and daily; and, significant variability in weather over brief time spans as well as across years. Generally, the region has a moderate climate with maximum temperatures ranging from 35-40⁰ in winter to 80-85⁰ in summer. The average minimum temperature ranges from about 31⁰ in winter to 70⁰ in summer. Average annual precipitation is about 45 inches, although this can vary widely. About 40 inches of snow can be expected per year, with wide variation across the hills and valleys of the region and again, with wide variation from year to year. For example, in Stafford in the region’s northeast, snowfall amounts average just less than 40 inches in the southern area of the town but increase to nearly 60 inches in the northwest corner.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 31
Population and Housing
Connecticut’s Capitol Region encompasses the City of Hartford, Connecticut’s capital, and the 29 surrounding suburban and rural communities. It is a region rich in history as well as human and natural resources. Portions of the Farmington and Connecticut Rivers traverse the region, in addition to several smaller river complexes, including the Hockanum, Park and Scantic. The region contains urbanized and heavily developed areas as well as low density suburbs and rural enclaves.
The total regional population according to the 2010 U.S. Census is 769,598. As Table 1 indicates, population density across the region varies dramatically, from a low of 208 people per square mile in Stafford to a high of 7,212 people per square mile in Hartford. The 2010 Census counts of the population represent a 3.8% increase in the region’s population since 2000. In that same time, the region experienced an overall growth in its number of housing units of about 4.3%; however, the region’s rural and suburban towns account for the bulk of this increase in housing units. Between 2000 and 2010, the number of single family housing units in rural portions of the region increased by about 12%; while in suburban areas the increase was about 7%; and in urbanized areas of the region (Hartford and the towns of East Hartford, Enfield, Manchester, Newington, Rocky Hill, Vernon, West Hartford, Wethersfield and Windsor Locks) the increase was about 1%. Over this same time period, multifamily housing units grew by nearly 12% in rural areas; 2% in suburban areas; and 8% in urbanized communities.
Overall, the region contained an estimated 315,237 housing units in 2010. The majority of these units are single family detached housing units as seen in Table 2 (It should be noted that the Capitol Region also grew since the preparation of the 2008 Pre-Disaster Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan because Stafford joined the Capitol Region.)
Table 1: Capitol Region 2010 Population and Density
Municipality 2010 Census Population
Land Area (sq. mi.)
Density (per sq. mi.)
Municipality 2010 Census Population
Land Area (sq. mi.)
Density (per sq. mi.)
Andover 3,303 16 213 Manchester 58,241 27 2,133
Avon 18,098 23 783 Marlborough 6,404 23 275
Bloomfield 20,486 26 788 Newington 30,562 13 2,315
Bolton 4,980 14 346 Rocky Hill 19,709 14 1,460
Canton 10,292 25 418 Simsbury 23,511 34 694
East Granby 5,148 18 294 Somers 11,444 28 404
East Hartford 51,252 18 2,847 South Windsor 25,709 28 918
East Windsor 11,162 26 424 Stafford 12,087 58 208
Ellington 15,602 34 458 Suffield 15,735 42 373
Enfield 44,654 33 1,337 Tolland 15,052 40 379
Farmington 25,340 28 902 Vernon 29,179 18 1,649
Glastonbury 34,427 51 670 West Hartford 63,268 22 2,876
Granby 11,282 41 277 Wethersfield 26,668 12 2,151
Hartford 124,775 17 7,212 Windsor 29,044 30 981
Hebron 9,686 37 262 Windsor Locks 12,498 9 1,389
Capitol Region 769,598 805 956
Source: U.S. Census Bureau; 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File and Connecticut Register and Manual, 2011.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 32
Table 2: Capitol Region Housing Units - 1990 – 2010
Municipality
Total Housing Units (1) Units in Structure - 2010 (2)
1990 2000 2010 2000 - 2010 Change
% Single Family (SF) Detached
1-unit (SF) detached
1-unit, attached
2 - 4 Units
5 or More Units
Andover 1,054 1,173 1,286 9.6% 95% 1,227 15 11 33
Avon 5,639 6,612 7,260 9.8% 71% 4,999 842 487 728
Bloomfield 7,853 8,175 8,985 9.9% 67% 6,135 556 668 1,719
Bolton 1,668 1,905 2,073 8.8% 86% 1,937 57 184 76
Canton 3,338 3,612 4,213 16.6% 73% 3,023 208 421 480
East Granby 1,679 1,931 2,121 9.8% 78% 1,590 56 144 253
East Hartford 21,335 21,355 21,370 0.1% 51% 11,012 936 4,195 4,887
East Windsor 4,290 4,410 5,070 15.0% 54% 2,553 353 361 1,207
Ellington 4,571 5,328 6,340 19.0% 62% 3,890 201 679 1,501
Enfield 16,520 17,106 17,319 1.3% 70% 11,950 969 2,190 1,864
Farmington 8,885 9,852 10,633 7.9% 65% 7,111 1,298 1,024 1,484
Glastonbury 11,098 12,632 13,390 6.0% 76% 10,208 1,051 973 1,189
Granby 3,555 3,991 4,253 6.6% 88% 3,841 182 159 159
Hartford 57,433 54,353 51,469 -5.3% 15% 8,164 1,608 20,115 24,803
Hebron 2,528 3,091 3,422 10.7% 91% 3,127 79 140 95
Manchester 22,322 23,249 25,647 10.3% 49% 12,379 1,726 4,670 6,679
Marlborough 1,850 2,182 2,308 5.8% 89% 1,976 109 103 33
Newington 11,782 12,350 12,764 3.4% 65% 8,141 1,616 1,000 1,816
Rocky Hill 7,044 7,927 8,537 7.7% 46% 3,945 979 724 2,870
Simsbury 8,267 8,808 9,069 3.0% 81% 7,027 412 529 733
Somers 2,818 3,075 3,314 7.8% 95% 3,301 18 113 23
South Windsor 8,185 9,083 9,900 9.0% 74% 7,245 1,051 240 1,146
Stafford 4,509 4,679 4,965 6.1% 75% 3,830 168 622 470
Suffield 4,399 5,006 5,393 7.7% 81% 4,339 405 408 213
Tolland 3,854 4,789 5,279 10.2% 91% 4,814 113 194 154
Vernon 12,629 12,984 14,269 9.9% 48% 6,459 452 2,484 3,803
West Hartford 24,948 25,361 26,026 2.6% 66% 16,872 831 3,040 4,919
Wethersfield 11,243 11,256 11,577 2.9% 74% 8,431 485 991 1,455
Windsor 10,709 10,846 11,565 6.6% 76% 8,666 874 1,095 766
Windsor Locks 4,982 5,091 5,420 6.5% 71% 3,851 351 461 752
Capitol Region 290,987 302,212 315,237 4.3% 58% 182,043 18,001 48,425 66,310
Sources: (1) U.S. Census, CT DECD - Annual Housing Inventory by Town: 1990-2010 from http://www.ct.gov/ecd/cwp/view.asp?a=1106&q=250640, and (2) U.S. Census, American Community Survey, 2006-2010 5- Year Estimates, Selected Housing Characteristics, http://factfinder2.census.gov/.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 33
Land Use
Like most inland areas in New England, the Capitol Region historically developed along its major
rivers. That early settlement pattern is still evident in contemporary land uses, with more urbanized areas concentrated along the Connecticut, Farmington, and Hockanum Rivers. Less dense development, and more significant forested and open space lands exist on the western and eastern edges of the region. Map 2 on page 37 displays land cover across the region in 2006. As is evident from the map, more development has occurred in a rather diffuse pattern, away from the traditional urban core. This map was derived from the Center for Land Use Education and Research (CLEAR) at the University of Connecticut. Town-level land cover change maps for the same time period are available on CLEAR’s website. These maps can help towns assess the vulnerability of new developments to natural hazard risks. The Capitol Region’s current Plan of Conservation and Development’s Land Use Policy Map is displayed on page 38 (Map 3). The Land Use Policy Map represents the generalized land use plan for the region and its thirty municipalities. It reflects existing and proposed regional priority areas of development and preservation and shows municipal focus areas for development and conservation.
From the State Capitol and state office buildings in Hartford to the multitude of state-owned facilities
in Enfield, Suffield, Rocky Hill, Wethersfield and Newington; from the repurposed Rentschler Field in East Hartford to Bradley International Airport in Windsor Locks and the rapidly emerging commercial/industrial Day Hill Road area in Windsor; from to the major retail developments in West Hartford to those in Manchester and South Windsor, the Capitol Region hosts significant commercial, industrial and public properties. According to 2010 equalized net grand list data, the region contains $64.4 billion in taxable real, personal and motor vehicle property. (See Table 3 below.) Not all properties are equally vulnerable to all natural hazards as location and building materials influence vulnerability; nevertheless, the region risks substantial financial losses from catastrophic natural hazards affecting not only property, but also business and government operations.
Table 3: 2010 Grand List Data by Town
GRAND LIST COMPONENTS
MUNICIPALITY
EQUALIZED NET GRAND LIST
10/1/10 Residential
Commercial/ Industrial/
Public Utility
Motor Vehicle Personal Other
Andover $279,528,100 84.1% 2.8% 8.5% 2.1% 2.4%
Avon $2,660,104,290 78.5% 11.7% 6.1% 3.4% 0.2%
Bloomfield $2,050,319,265 53.5% 26.6% 6.9% 12.8% 0.2%
Bolton $481,767,830 80.6% 5.2% 7.8% 2.4% 3.9%
Canton $1,123,215,696 76.5% 12.9% 6.8% 3.5% 0.2%
East Granby $599,134,920 61.7% 15.5% 8.3% 11.4% 3.1%
East Hartford $3,349,318,242 56.0% 22.8% 7.4% 12.9% 0.8%
East Windsor $1,103,050,514 55.6% 26.8% 8.1% 7.5% 2.0%
Ellington $1,264,066,286 74.6% 11.6% 8.8% 4.2% 0.7%
Enfield $3,247,614,530 65.1% 21.0% 7.5% 5.6% 0.8%
Farmington $3,773,377,563 65.3% 22.9% 5.4% 6.1% 0.2%
Glastonbury $4,186,777,080 76.6% 13.8% 6.3% 3.3% 0.0%
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 34
GRAND LIST COMPONENTS
MUNICIPALITY EQUALIZED NET
GRAND LIST 10/1/10
Residential Commercial/
Industrial/ Public Utility
Motor Vehicle Personal Other
Granby $1,061,469,580 77.1% 4.7% 7.7% 1.8% 8.7%
Hartford $3,791,364,553 21.3% 50.8% 7.3% 18.3% 2.4%
Hebron $871,545,420 86.1% 3.2% 7.8% 1.6% 1.3%
Manchester $4,392,920,742 56.1% 29.3% 7.1% 7.5% 0.0%
Marlborough $629,115,848 85.9% 5.0% 7.5% 1.4% 0.2%
Newington $2,742,989,011 64.4% 20.6% 7.5% 6.7% 0.8%
Rocky Hill $2,175,642,805 60.0% 27.2% 7.0% 5.5% 0.3%
Simsbury $2,612,598,506 76.3% 12.4% 6.6% 4.0% 0.8%
Somers $834,268,209 80.5% 4.7% 8.5% 3.2% 3.1%
South Windsor $2,854,210,130 65.9% 18.2% 6.8% 8.1% 1.0%
Stafford $843,111,400 68.8% 8.2% 9.3% 8.4% 5.3%
Suffield $1,413,185,714 80.3% 7.6% 7.2% 4.0% 0.8%
Tolland $1,299,161,599 81.2% 6.8% 8.9% 2.6% 0.5%
Vernon $1,931,920,463 65.8% 20.8% 8.5% 4.4% 0.5%
West Hartford $6,262,015,365 75.4% 14.6% 6.2% 3.2% 0.7%
Wethersfield $2,330,234,510 77.7% 12.4% 7.1% 2.8% 0.0%
Windsor $3,218,691,290 50.6% 27.4% 5.8% 15.5% 0.7%
Windsor Locks $1,374,810,906 46.3% 23.6% 13.0% 17.1% 0.0%
Source: Municipal Fiscal Indicators: Fiscal Years Ended 2007 - 2011. CT Office of Policy and Management Downloaded from http://www.ct.gov/opm/lib/opm/igp/munfinsr/FI_2007-2011_1-15-13.pdf.
Cultural and Natural Assets of the Region
The Capitol Region is rich in natural, historic and cultural assets. Efforts have been taken by many to
recognize, preserve and protect these assets. These assets should be considered in our mitigation planning whether in efforts to further protect the assets from the impacts of natural disasters or to minimize potential adverse impacts that may affect these assets.
The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) maintains a database of plant and animal species which are endangered, threatened or of special concern. The list is lengthy and can be seen on DEEP’s website at http://www.ct.gov/dep/cwp/view.asp?a=2702&q=323474&depNav_GID=1628. In the Capitol Region, some of the species listed include the Barn Owl, Red-headed Woodpecker, Timber Rattlesnake, Wood Turtle, Short-nose Sturgeon, Ground Beetle, Sedge, Yellow Lady’s-slipper, Red Pine and Prickly Pear. Map 4 displays the approximate locations endangered, threatened and special concern species and significant natural communities in the Capitol Region. These locations are taken from DEEP’s Natural Diversity Data Base (NDDB) Maps. These maps are intended to be a pre-screening tool to identify potential impacts to state-listed species. The DEEP should be consulted regarding any mitigation projects that may be considered in these areas.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 35
The numerous structures, sites and districts listed on the State and National Registers of Historic Places in the Capitol Region attest to the importance of historic preservation to our communities. Sites on the Registers are significant to our culture. (Map 5 displays sites on the National Register.) The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) should be consulted regarding any mitigation projects that may be considered which could affect buildings or sites on the Registers. SHPO also maintains a list of State Archeological Preserves. The Archaeological Preserves in the Capitol Region are:
Dividend Brook Industrial Archaeological District, Rocky Hill Small Pox Hospital Rock, Farmington Newgate Prison and Copper Mine, East Granby Fifth Camp of Rochambeau's Infantry, Bolton
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 36
Map 1: Capitol Region Topography
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 37
Map 2: Capitol Region Land Cover -2006
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 38
Map 3: Capitol Region Plan of Conservation and Development Land Use Policy Map
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 39
Map 4: Locations of Endangered and Threatened Species in the Capitol Region
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 40
Map 5: National Register of Historic Sites and Districts in the Capitol Region
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 41
Section II: Hazard Evaluation
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 42
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 43
Hazards Impacting the Capitol Region
The Capitol Region is vulnerable to the numerous natural hazards described in this section. While
flooding, winter storms and high wind events are the natural hazards that most frequently occur with enough severity to cause loss of life or property, this plan covers all of the natural hazards that have the potential to cause damage anywhere in the region. The hazards we evaluated are:
Dam failure Drought Earthquake Flooding
Forest and Wild Land Fires Hurricanes and Tropical Storms Tornados and High Winds Severe Winter Storms
These eight natural hazards are those which were identified by the planning committee as of most
concern for the region and its communities. Other natural hazards which can impact the region include ice jams, heat waves and solar flares. While not specifically evaluated in this plan, the impacts of such hazards can be mitigated by some of the measures identified to deal with the eight natural hazards evaluated in this plan update. Climate change is also expected to impact our temperature, precipitation and wind patterns and could cause a change in the frequency or intensity of natural hazards such as floods, droughts, winter storms and damaging rain storms.
Climate change is also projected to result in an acceleration of observed rates of Relative Sea Level Rise
(RSLR). Connecticut’s Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update, 2014, identifies Sea Level Rise as a natural hazard affecting the State. The State Plan evaluated the impact of rises in sea level ranging from 0.5 to 5.0 feet relative to mean sea level. The State analysis determined that a number of State-owned facilities and other critical facilities such as fire stations, EMS and law enforcement structures, and storage tank farms in Fairfield, New Haven and New London counties could be exposed to the risks associated with Sea Level Rise. The State analysis did not cite any expected impacts on State or other critical facilities in Hartford or Tolland counties which are the inland counties in which the Capitol Region’s communities are located. Although Sea Level Rise associated with climate change is included in the State Plan, because of the inland location of the Capitol Region we did not feel sea level rise would have a direct or significant impact on the region’s communities within the timeframe of this plan update.
Understanding the natural hazards we are likely to face is crucial for our ability to prepare for and
respond to disasters. Researching historic data on major storms and other natural disasters can be helpful in this analysis. Knowing where and when natural disasters have occurred in the past is important to our understanding of our risks. To assess the risks we face from natural disasters, we can evaluate past occurrences of major disasters, looking at the losses to life and property incurred by our communities, state, residents and businesses. The following pages contain descriptions of major storm events and their impact on the Capitol Region.
Natural disasters can be costly for local communities. Table 4 on the following page outlines the costs
incurred by Capitol Region municipalities and other local and private nonprofit agencies in each community from the three federally declared disasters of 2011. The costs incurred due to Storm Alfred in the fall of 2011 were particularly high due to the enormous amounts of debris generated in the aftermath of that storm.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 44
Table 4: Costs Incurred by Municipalities and Local Agencies Due to Federally Declared Disasters in 2011
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality & Other Agencies (Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profits)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters Town of Andover $20,262.29 $21,914.70 $12,205.65 $54,382.64 Andover Other $3,250.81 $15,757.65 $1,827.33 $20,835.79 Andover Total $23,513.10 $37,672.35 $14,032.98 $75,218.43
Town of Avon $60,686.78 $148,578.36 $2,388,663.29 $2,597,928.43
Town of Bloomfield $88,130.28 $8,275.76 $2,882,712.48 $2,979,118.52 Bloomfield Other $26,720.34 $26,720.34 Bloomfield Total $88,130.28 $8,275.76 $2,909,432.82 $3,005,838.86
Town of Bolton $27,738.45 $20,197.39 $127,070.54 $175,006.38
Town of Canton $37,329.72 $33,659.34 $386,482.66 $457,471.72 Canton Other $3,630.46 $25,154.85 $28,785.31 Canton Total $40,960.18 $33,659.34 $411,637.51 $486,257.03
Town of East Granby $75,416.27 $12,698.57 $555,322.46 $643,437.30
Town of East Hartford $273,700.15 $226,257.35 $1,812,341.64 $2,312,299.14 East Hartford Other $7,194.00 $147,730.66 $94,244.91 $249,169.57 East Hartford Total $280,894.15 $373,988.01 $1,906,586.55 $2,561,468.71
Town of East Windsor $36,736.12 $118,773.41 $282,704.32 $438,213.85 East Windsor Other $1,874.34 $8,855.44 $10,729.78 East Windsor Total $38,610.46 $118,773.41 $291,559.76 $448,943.63
Town of Ellington $77,625.51 $44,076.23 $620,025.07 $741,726.81 Ellington Other $16,231.20 $16,231.20 Ellington Total $77,625.51 $44,076.23 $636,256.27 $757,958.01
Town of Enfield $99,370.97 $66,936.15 $5,602,310.18 $5,768,617.30 Enfield Other $19,583.89 $214,754.25 $234,338.14 Enfield Total $118,954.86 $66,936.15 $5,817,064.43 $6,002,955.44
Town of Farmington $73,307.82 $144,255.66 $2,371,538.19 $2,589,101.67 Farmington Other $9,508.58 $58,644.34 $68,152.92 Farmington Total $82,816.40 $144,255.66 $2,430,182.53 $2,657,254.59
Town of Glastonbury $151,750.38 $143,264.05 $2,912,150.36 $3,207,164.79 Glastonbury Other $4,192.05 $61,468.77 $65,660.82 Glastonbury Total $155,942.43 $143,264.05 $2,973,619.13 $3,272,825.61
Town of Granby $39,537.37 $84,643.21 $1,925,977.58 $2,050,158.16
City of Hartford $212,570.62 $176,984.14 $3,895,708.62 $4,285,263.38 Hartford Other $230,581.69 $261,043.73 $876,819.30 $1,368,444.72 Hartford Total $443,152.31 $438,027.87 $4,772,527.92 $5,653,708.10
Town of Hebron $47,786.22 $61,537.03 $35,050.27 $144,373.52 Hebron Other $12,081.81 $6,741.62 $18,823.43 Hebron Total $59,868.03 $68,278.65 $35,050.27 $163,196.95
Town of Manchester $195,625.42 $98,051.65 $5,490,873.84 $5,784,550.91 Manchester Other $16,605.57 $120,205.26 $136,810.83 Manchester Total $212,230.99 $98,051.65 $5,611,079.10 $5,921,361.74
Town of Marlborough $50,074.99 $31,387.47 $78,128.83 $159,591.29
Town of Newington $65,803.73 $140,941.77 $1,975,847.48 $2,182,592.98
Town of Rocky Hill $113,168.33 $257,069.39 $690,662.55 $1,060,900.27
Town of Simsbury $75,635.26 $60,224.55 $3,557,624.88 $3,693,484.69 Simsbury Other $107,978.10 $107,978.10 Simsbury Total $75,635.26 $60,224.55 $3,665,602.98 $3,801,462.79
Town of Somers $52,949.48 $35,555.20 $1,218,810.02 $1,307,314.70
Town of South Windsor $99,058.79 $153,119.56 $6,860,182.25 $7,112,360.60 South Windsor Other $1,604.08 $1,604.08 South Windsor Total $99,058.79 $153,119.56 $6,861,786.33 $7,113,964.68
Town of Stafford $58,390.40 $24,715.39 $115,652.35 $198,758.14 Stafford Other $18,923.27 $4,713.82 $23,637.09 Stafford Total $77,313.67 $29,429.21 $115,652.35 $222,395.23
Town of Suffield $48,872.01 $26,647.77 $1,411,547.33 $1,487,067.11
Town of Tolland $93,126.72 $138,848.56 $811,818.36 $1,043,793.64 Tolland Other $29,789.98 $29,789.98 Tolland Total $93,126.72 $138,848.56 $841,608.34 $1,073,583.62
Town of Vernon $106,773.87 $142,079.05 $3,805,918.87 $4,054,771.79 Vernon Other $5,819.71 $5,819.71 Vernon Total $112,593.58 $142,079.05 $3,805,918.87 $4,060,591.50
Town of West Hartford $224,752.76 $111,036.05 $10,423,313.83 $10,759,102.64 West Hartford Other $11,074.33 $1,630.43 $86,759.95 $99,464.71 West Hartford Total $235,827.09 $112,666.48 $10,510,073.78 $10,858,567.35
Town of Wethersfield $114,269.56 $152,522.68 $1,243,730.14 $1,510,522.38 Wethersfield Other $4,222.19 $2,120.45 $121,939.41 $128,282.05 Wethersfield Total $118,491.75 $154,643.13 $1,365,669.55 $1,638,804.43
Town of Windsor $113,320.96 $38,998.75 $1,070,737.94 $1,223,057.65 Windsor Other $12,961.60 $14,219.63 $27,181.23 Windsor Total $126,282.56 $38,998.75 $1,084,957.57 $1,250,238.88
Town of Windsor Locks $58,133.89 $21,047.07 $1,583,630.87 $1,662,811.83
Total Capitol Region $3,153,409.42 $3,184,034.62 $68,015,959.99 $74,353,404.03
Notes: Amounts shown represent the costs associated with damages incurred by the municipalities and local public and private nonprofit agencies due to the three federally declared disasters of 2011. Up to 75% of these costs are reimbursable under FEMA’s Public Assistance Program. Source:
CT DEMHS, April 2013.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 45
In assessing our risks from natural hazards, we need to consider what and who will be affected. Identifying where essential community facilities such as hospitals, police and fire stations, emergency operations centers, and schools are located and determining if they are likely to be damaged is necessary for our understanding of our risks. Similarly, knowing where other facilities which are important to our communities, as well as where vulnerable populations are located is important to our ability to protect them from harm. This plan includes maps for each municipality which show the important community facilities, dams and floodplains.
While knowing where existing vulnerabilities are, it is also important to limit new or increased
vulnerabilities. The communities of the Capitol Region have development controls, such as flood plain and inland wetlands regulations and building codes, in place to regulate or restrict the construction of new structures which could increase their level of vulnerability to the natural hazards. Local communities have strictly limited the amount of new development in hazard prone areas and have required any new development to conform to flood plain requirements in accordance with the NFIP and to inland wetlands regulations in accordance with State requirements. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, most communities have not permitted any structures in the special flood hazard areas. Those that have allowed structures in these areas have required they be built above the base flood elevation and that compensatory storage be provided as needed. Furthermore, many of the local flood plain and wetland permits issued were for projects which improved stormwater drainage and helped mitigate flooding. Details of any local development since 2008 in hazard prone areas are provided for each community in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
Determining our potential losses from disasters is a daunting task. Reliable and comprehensive
estimates of the losses each community faces from the various natural hazards are generally not available. The costs incurred by local communities as a result of the federal disasters of 2011 shown in Table 4 provide a partial indication of potential losses but these costs do not cover all the costs associated with natural disasters including those experienced by private businesses and citizens. The equalized net grand list (Table 3) provides an estimate of the market value of all taxable property in each community and can give an indication of the total value of property exposed to natural disasters of a town wide or region wide scope. The State recently updated Connecticut’s Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan. In the development of the 2014 Update, the State estimated the losses that State facilities and infrastructure as well as certain other critical facilities would sustain from each of the natural hazards evaluated. These hazard specific loss estimates are based on the number of infrastructure/facilities and building and contents values exposed to the hazards. These hazard specific loss estimates are presented in Table 5 for each of the Capitol Region municipalities. As discussed in the State Plan, the data sets used in the estimation analysis are still under development and the loss estimates should not be used for other applications. As with the 2011 federal disaster-related losses, these estimates provide a partial indication of potential losses.
Computer modeling is another means of analyzing risks we face from natural disasters. CRCOG used
FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to evaluate our risks and estimate the losses we might face to life and property. We used Hazus-MH to analyze the risks that the region and each municipality might face from flooding, earthquakes and hurricanes. Hazus-MH is a software program which can be used throughout the United States and provides standard loss estimations and damage assessments based on historical hazard events, Census data and other federal and nationally-based databases. The Hazus-MH model uses 2000 Census data and block boundaries as a baseline for analyzing losses. Because of the limitations of the dated Census and inventory data used in the Hazus-MH analyses, the loss estimates should at best be considered approximate.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 46
About HAZUS
HAZUS ® MH is the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) nationally applicable software
program that estimates potential building and infrastructure losses from earthquakes, riverine and coastal floods, and hurricane winds. HAZUS-MH loss estimates reflect state-of-the-art scientific and engineering knowledge and can be used to inform decision-making at all levels of government by providing a reasonable basis for developing mitigation, emergency preparedness, and response and recovery plans and policies.
HAZUS-MH uses geographic information system software (ArcGIS) to map and display hazard data, the results of damage and economic loss analyses, and potential effects on area populations. HAZUS-MH analyses also can be run in real time to support response and recovery actions following a disaster event.
Flood Risk Assessments: The HAZUS-MH Flood Model is capable of assessing riverine and coastal flooding. It estimates potential damage and loss to buildings, essential facilities, bridges, vehicles, and agricultural crops. It also addresses the amount of building debris that will be generated as well as shelter requirements. The Flood Information Tool (FIT) helps users to prepare local flood hazard and other pertinent data for use in the HAZUS-MH Flood Model.
Earthquake Risk Assessments: The HAZUS-MH Earthquake Model estimates earthquake damage and loss to buildings, essential facilities, and transportation and utility lifelines. It also addresses debris generation, fire-following earthquake, casualties, and shelter requirements. The Advanced Engineering Building Module (AEBM) permits the analysis of individual buildings to measure the effects of various mitigation actions.
Hurricane Wind Risk Assessments: The HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model allows users in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions of the continental United States and Hawaii to estimate potential damage and loss to buildings and essential facilities from hurricane winds. It also allows users to estimate post-storm shelter needs, and building and tree debris quantities.
Source: National Institute of Building Sciences
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 47
Table 5: Loss Estimates by Hazard for State Facilities and Infrastructure
Municipality
Thunderstorm Losses
Hurricane Losses
Tornado Losses
Winter Weather
Losses
Flood Losses
Sea Level Rise
Losses
Erosion Losses
Dam Inundation
Losses
Wildland Urban Interface
Losses
Earthquake Losses
Andover $379,686 $710,062 $60,268 $12,656 $379,686 $14,062
Avon $30,754,567 $5,896,879 $8,787,019 $1,025,152 $6,834,348 $30,754,567 $455,623
Bloomfield $37,968,601 $10,887,620 $10,848,172 $1,265,620 $7,593,720 $11,390,580 $562,498
Bolton $2,939,769 $631,166 $466,630 $97,992 $2,939,769 $108,880
Canton $379,686 $4,102,581 $108,482 $12,656 $5,625
East Granby $2,873,843,382 $581,964,714 $821,098,109 $95,794,779 $132,130,73 0
$132,130,730 $42,575,458
East Hartford $18,604,614 $19,092,782 $5,315,604 $620,154 $275,624
East Windsor $200,853,897 $48,442,017 $57,386,828 $6,695,130 $139,724,450 $2,975,613
Ellington $92,268 $4,733,748 $14,646 $3,076 $3,417
Enfield $1,366,869,623 $265,982,577 $390,534,178 $45,562,321 $45,562,321 $45,562,321 $45,562,321 $20,249,920
Farmington $838,726,388 $162,572,669 $239,636,111 $27,957,546 $107,071,454 $107,071,45 4
$499,666,784 $12,425,576
Glastonbury $85,429,351 $20,197,323 $24,408,386 $2,847,645 $17,085,870 $1,265,620
Granby $379,686 $867,854 $108,482 $12,656 $379,686 $5,625
Hartford $5,197,521,742 $1,048,525,09 6
$1,485,006,21 2
$173,250,725 $44,423,263 $77,000,322
Hebron $37,968,601 $8,710,085 $6,026,762 $1,265,620 $7,593,720 $1,406,244
Manchester $151,874,403 $38,061,840 $43,392,686 $5,062,480 $112,500 $7,593,720 $2,249,991
Newington $1,233,599,835 $245,444,814 $352,457,096 $41,119,994 $21,642,102 $18,275,553
Rocky Hill $2,135,733,786 $437,713,863 $610,209,653 $71,191,126 $28,476,450 $56,952,901 $31,640,501
Simsbury $37,968,601 $30,927,151 $10,848,172 $1,265,620 $11,390,580 $168,749 $26,578,020 $562,498
Somers $319,315,931 $88,126,601 $50,685,068 $10,643,864 $22,021,788 $55,054,471 $11,826,516
South Windsor $379,686 $10,729,828 $108,482 $12,656 $5,625
Stafford $37,968,601 $9,940,870 $6,026,762 $1,265,620 $7,593,720 $1,406,244
Suffield $413,478,061 $78,422,419 $118,136,589 $13,782,602 $213,003,850 $6,125,601
Tolland $13,668,696 $6,785,038 $2,169,634 $455,623 $9,112,464 $13,668,696 $506,248
Vernon $20,820,707 $8,394,451 $3,304,874 $694,024 $4,556,232 $11,313,342 $771,137
West Hartford $13,668,696 $3,944,790 $3,905,342 $455,623 $202,499
Wethersfield $151,874,403 $34,871,941 $43,392,686 $5,062,480 $2,249,991
Windsor $85,429,351 $40,868,021 $24,408,386 $2,847,645 $1,265,620
Windsor Locks $9,240,038,652 $1,917,483,36 6
$2,640,011,04 3
$308,001,288 $118,462,034 $136,889,46 2 Capitol Region $24,548,531,27
0 $5,135,032,16
6 $6,958,862,36
2 $818,284,373 $331,465,884 $0 $388,039,09
7 $281,249 $1,271,773,163 $373,307,59
3
Note: This table is excerpted from Table 2-77 in Connecticut’s Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update, 2014. These hazard specific loss estimates are based on the number of infrastructure/facilities and building and contents values exposed to the hazards in each community. As discussed in the State Plan, the data sets used in the estimation analysis are still under development and the loss estimates should not be used for other applications.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 48
Some natural disasters, such as stream and river flooding affect specific areas and their damages although significant, may be localized. Other natural disasters such as hurricanes and blizzards can impact the whole region and beyond. Such widespread natural disasters can overwhelm State and local resources and the Governor may seek assistance from the federal government. Table 6 below lists the Federal Emergency and Disaster Declarations declared for Connecticut since 1954:
Table 6: Connecticut Federally Declared Disasters Since 1954
Date Incident Description Declaration Type Declaration
Number
3/21/13 Severe Winter Storm and Snowstorm Major Disaster Declaration 4106
2/8/2013 Severe Winter Storm Emergency Declaration 3361
10/28/2012 Hurricane Sandy Emergency Declaration 3353
11/17/2011 Severe Storm Major Disaster Declaration 4046
10/31/2011 Severe Storm Emergency Declaration 3342
9/2/2011 Tropical Storm Irene Major Disaster Declaration 4023
8/27/2011 Hurricane Irene Emergency Declaration 3331
3/3/2011 Snowstorm Major Disaster Declaration 1958
4/23/2010 Severe Storms and Flooding Major Disaster Declaration 1904
5/11/2007 Severe Storms and Flooding Major Disaster Declaration 1700
5/2/2006 Snow Emergency Declaration 3266
12/16/2005 Severe Storms and Flooding Major Disaster Declaration 1619
9/13/2005 Hurricane Katrina Evacuation Emergency Declaration 3246
2/17/2005 Snow Emergency Declaration 3200
1/15/2004 Snow Emergency Declaration 3192
3/11/2003 Snowstorm Emergency Declaration 3176
9/23/1999 Tropical Storm Floyd Major Disaster Declaration 1302
1/24/1996 Blizzard Major Disaster Declaration 1092
3/16/1993 Severe Winds and Blizzard, Record Snowfall Emergency Declaration 3098
12/17/1992 Coastal Flooding, Winter Storm Major Disaster Declaration 972
8/30/1991 Hurricane Bob Major Disaster Declaration 916
7/17/1989 SEVERE STORMS,TORNADOES Major Disaster Declaration 837
10/11/1985 HURRICANE GLORIA Major Disaster Declaration 747
6/18/1984 SEVERE STORMS, FLOODING Major Disaster Declaration 711
6/14/1982 SEVERE STORMS, FLOODING Major Disaster Declaration 661
10/4/1979 TORNADO, SEVERE STORMS Major Disaster Declaration 608
2/7/1978 Blizzards and Snowstorms Emergency Declaration 3060
8/20/1955 Hurricane, Torrential Rain, Floods Major Disaster Declaration 42
9/17/1954 Hurricane Major Disaster Declaration 25
Source: www.fema.gov/disasters
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 49
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
The Atlantic hurricane season extends from June 1
st through November 30
th each year. Hurricanes that
hit Connecticut normally form in the tropical waters of the Atlantic, Caribbean, or Gulf of Mexico. This is the time period when environmental conditions are most favorable for a tropical cyclone to develop. The greatest risk of a hurricane impacting New England within this six-month period is from late August to mid- October.
While the Capitol Region is spared the coastal storm surges associated with hurricanes, it is not immune from damaging winds and rain. According to the State’s Hazard Mitigation Plan, a moderate Category II hurricane can be expected to hit Connecticut once every twenty-three to thirty years. A major Category III or IV hurricane may occur before 2040, based on 20
th century trends. See the accompanying
description of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale on the next page for an explanation of hurricane categories.
Both the 1938 and 1944 hurricanes that hit Connecticut were Category III hurricanes. The 1938
Hurricane is still considered the greatest natural disaster to hit the State, as it killed 125 people and caused an estimated $53 million (1938 dollars) in damage across the state. Hurricane Carol in 1954 also caused widespread damage across the state. Remnants of two hurricanes (Connie and Diane) struck Connecticut in the same week in August 1955 causing massive flooding and 70 deaths throughout the state. A Category II hurricane, Gloria, made land fall in Connecticut in 1985 downing and damaging several thousand trees, and causing widespread power outages, but with little rain or flooding. In 1999, Hurricane Floyd, downgraded to a tropical storm prior to making landfall in Connecticut, resulted in presidential disaster declarations for Fairfield, Hartford and Litchfield Counties. Numerous less intense hurricanes and tropical storms have affected the region and state, some causing significant damage.
More recently, in August 2011, Hurricane Irene, also downgraded to a tropical storm before hitting
Connecticut, caused widespread damage to the region and state. Irene was responsible for three deaths associated with flooding and downed wires from falling trees. According to the Hartford Courant, insurance companies paid out $235 million on more than 60,000 claims in Connecticut related to damage from Irene. However, this figure does not include hundreds of millions more in uncovered expenses and clean up costs for Connecticut’s largest electric utility, Connecticut Light and Power. At the height of the storm some 754,000 residents were without power. Capitol Region cities and towns were widely affected by downed trees, flooding and power outages as a result of Irene. Many residents and businesses were without power over a week. According to the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, municipalities, other local and private nonprofit agencies incurred expenses of over $3.18 million due to Irene. The municipalities and agencies are eligible for reimbursement of 75% of these costs under FEMA’s Public Assistance program.
Hurricane Sandy made landfall on October 29, 2012, causing costly and widespread destruction to
coastal communities in Connecticut, as well in numerous other states in the Northeast. Damage due to Sandy was also felt far inland; in Connecticut, all but Hartford County was covered by the Disaster Declaration. In the Capitol Region, communities in Tolland County were designated as eligible for public assistance for funding to repair and rebuild disaster-damaged infrastructure as well as costs for debris removal and emergency protective measures.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 50
Flooding in Granby in the Aftermath of Irene. Credit: Ted Glanzer, West Hartford Patch.
Downed Wires in Enfield Caused by Hurricane Irene.
Credit: Ted Jensen, West Hartford Patch. The State Hazard Mitigation Plan states that hurricanes pose the most destructive potential of all
natural disasters for Connecticut. They occur relatively frequently, and cause structural damage, loss of life, felled trees, flooding, power outages and other damages. However, hurricanes pose a greater risk for coastal Connecticut because of storm surges and associated flooding risks.
Figure 1: Storm Tracks of Category 3 or Higher Hurricanes across Connecticut
The map above shows the storm tracks across Connecticut of hurricanes that achieved Category 3 or higher ratings at some point as they passed over the United States.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 51
Using FEMA’s Hazus-MH software, CRCOG analyzed several hurricane scenarios to estimate the potential loss to property and life for the region as a whole. The Hazus-MH hurricane model primarily considers wind damage for inland areas such as the Capitol Region which are not subject to storm surges. It primarily assesses physical damage and the economic losses associated with those. Economic losses associated with the loss of electricity are not considered except as a factor in determining the number of households displaced and/or likely to use public shelters. We also ran simulations for each municipality to assess the damages we could expect if a hurricane with the strength of the 1938 Hurricane happened today. We would expect this to be a “worst case scenario”. Such a storm would be expected to occur less than once in 500 years and would have a maximum peak gust of 116 mph in the Region. (Copies of the regional Hazus-MH Hurricane Event Reports are included in the Appendix.)
According to the “worst case scenario” regional analysis, if a hurricane with the strength of the 1938
Hurricane occurred today, the Capitol Region would suffer a total economic loss of about $3.678 billion. HAZUS software estimates that there would be nearly 27,000 buildings which would sustain at least moderate damage which is over 11% of the total buildings in the region. An estimated 71,000 buildings would receive minor damage. There would be an estimated 1300 buildings that will be completely destroyed. The great majority of these would be wooden residential structures. Ten of the region’s eleven hospitals and seven of the region’s 328 schools would suffer minor or moderate damage. No critical facilities are estimated to suffer complete damage. Over 6,000 households would be displaced and 1,600 people would seek short-term shelter in public shelters. The model estimates that a total of over 1.45 million tons of debris would be generated. The majority of this would be tree debris. However, over 14,000 truckloads of building debris would need to be removed. Table 7 below displays the total economic losses and numbers of buildings with moderate or worse damage estimated by the Hazus-MH model runs for each municipality in the Region.
Table 7: Hazus-MH Loss Estimations by Municipality for a Category 3 Hurricane Based on the 1938 Hurricane
Municipality Total Estimated Economic Losses due to Hurricane
Buildings at Least
Moderately Damaged
Municipality Total Estimated Economic Losses due to Hurricane
Buildings at Least
Moderately Damaged
ANDOVER $14,800,000 126 MANCHESTER $319,740,000 2,475
AVON $69,000,000 372 MARLBOROUGH $29,657,000 228
BLOOMFIELD $86,400,000 742 NEWINGTON $168,800,000 1,340
BOLTON $25,315,000 227 ROCKY HILL $115,185,000 827
CANTON $19,900,000 148 SIMSBURY $88,800,000 512
EAST GRANBY $19,800,000 135 SOMERS $38,200,000 301
EAST HARTFORD $241,100,000 2009 SOUTH WINDSOR $131,400,000 1009
EAST WINDSOR $52,460,000 22 STAFFORD $55,122,000 419
ELLINGTON $87,370,000 699 SUFFIELD $56,400,000 465
ENFIELD $183,300,000 1,509 TOLLAND $55,600,000 402
FARMINGTON $99,840,000 667 VERNON $139,900,000 1,182
GLASTONBURY $210,906,000 1,342 WEST HARTFORD $355,325,000 2,358
GRANBY $29,947,000 200 WETHERSFIELD $154,000,000 1,280
HARTFORD $564,530,000 3134 WINDSOR $135,530,000 978
HEBRON $46,100,000 335 WINDSOR LOCKS $54,270,000 479
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 52
We also analyzed the impacts the region would experience if a hurricane with a probability of
occurring once in a hundred years were to hit the Region. This is a less severe storm than the 1938 Hurricane and the damages while substantial would be less. In such a storm we would experience peak wind gusts of predominately 80-95 mph. HAZUS software estimates that there would be over 2,000 buildings which would sustain at least moderate damage which is about 1% of the total buildings in the region. There would be an estimated 12 buildings that will be completely destroyed. Four of the region’s eleven hospitals and none of the region’s 328 schools would suffer minor or moderate damage. No critical facilities are estimated to suffer complete damage. The model estimates that a total of over 360,000 tons of debris would be generated. The majority of this would be tree debris. However, over 2,500 truckloads of building debris would need to be removed.
We also used the Hazus software to model the impacts a hurricane with a probabilistic 20-year return
period would have on the Region. In such a storm we would experience peak wind gusts of 50-65 mph. Hazus estimates significantly less damage from the winds of such a hurricane. In fact, only nine buildings were estimated to be at least moderately damaged and none would be completely damaged although nearly 250 buildings would suffer minor damage. Nearly 15,000 tons of debris would be generated. The majority of this would be tree debris and only 21 truckloads of building debris would need to be removed.
While the Region could experience severe and widespread losses from rare, strong hurricanes, this
hazard poses moderate risk for the Capitol Region, given that coastal Connecticut bears the initial brunt of such storms.
FEMA Team Meeting in Hartford in Response to Hurricane Irene, 2011, Credit: FEMA.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 53
Manchester Shelter, October 31, 2011, Credit: CTNow.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 54
Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale
Sustained Winds Types of Damage Due to Hurricane Winds
1 74-95 mph
64-82 kt 119-153 km/h
Very dangerous winds will produce some damage: Well-constructed frame homes could have damage to roof, shingles, vinyl siding and gutters. Large branches of trees will snap and shallowly rooted trees may be toppled. Extensive damage to power lines and poles likely will result in power outages that could last a few to several days.
2 96-110 mph
83-95 kt 154-177 km/h
Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage: Well-constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding damage. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks.
3 (major)
111-129 mph 96-112 kt
178-208 km/h
Devastating damage will occur: Well-built framed homes may incur major damage or removal of roof decking and gable ends. Many trees will be snapped or uprooted, blocking numerous roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to weeks after the storm passes.
4 (major)
130-156 mph 113-136 kt
209-251 km/h
Catastrophic damage will occur: Well-built framed homes can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and/or some exterior walls. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.
5 (major)
157 mph or higher 137 kt or higher
252 km/h or higher
Catastrophic damage will occur: A high percentage of framed homes will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months.
Source: National Hurricane Center, NOAA
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 55
Floods
Flooding can occur as a result of other natural hazards such as heavy precipitation, hurricanes, winter
storms, snow melt, ice jams or dam failures. The Capitol Region’s numerous rivers and streams, as well as its urbanized areas, make floods and flash floods a regular risk. Individuals and local governments face significant economic loss, risks to public safety, and degraded waterways from flooding. There is not a “flood season” per se in Connecticut; however, waterways are normally higher during spring, and are thus especially vulnerable to flooding from intense precipitation. According to the State’s Plan, major flooding of small rivers and loss of life can be expected every 5-10 years throughout the State. Major flooding of larger rivers, such as the Connecticut and Farmington, with loss of life and structural damage can be expected once every 30 years. While inundation-related flood loss is a significant component of flood disasters, fluvial (river-related) erosion is another significant source of damage.
Historic floods of the 1930s and 1950s resulted in widespread damage in Connecticut. According to
accounts from the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration (NOAA), in March 1936, the combination of several heavy rain events and melting snow resulted in major flooding throughout New England. New flow records were established on the Connecticut River in Hartford and other locations upstream. Flooding was again widespread in New England following the Hurricane of 1938. The Flood of 1955 was one of the worst in Connecticut’s history. It resulted from heavy rains caused by the back-to- back hurricanes in August. Also according to NOAA, Hurricane Connie produced 4-6 inches of rainfall over southern New England on August 11 and 12, saturating the ground and raising river and reservoir levels to above normal levels. Then Hurricane Diane came a week later and “dealt a massive punch” to New England. Rainfall totals from Diane ranged up to nearly 20 inches over a two day period. The headwaters of the Farmington River in Connecticut recorded 18 inches in a 24-hour period. These were record accumulations. Damage was widespread throughout Connecticut. Table 6 below summarizes the damages experienced in the Capitol Region communities.
Heavy rainfall in June 1982 also resulted in record floods on the Farmington River and many
smaller streams through the central part of the state. According to NOAA, “One of the ironies of this event was that one of the facilities that was impacted was the Northeast River Forecast Center. The NERFC offices, which at that time were located in Bloomfield CT, were flooded for a day. Staff had to move to other locations including one home in order to complete their forecast responsibilities. The floods caused the loss of at least eleven lives. In addition damage estimates of approximately 230 million dollars were incurred. Thousands of homes suffered varying degrees of damage. One significant development from the aftermath of this flooding was the development of a statewide flood warning system under the management of the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection. While this will not prevent flooding to occur in the future, it may help provide advance warning and prevent the loss of lives and property.”
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 56
River/Stream Flooding
Severity
Recurrence
Interval
Broad Brook Major > 100-year
Connecti cut Ri ver Mi nor 2-Year
Hockanum Ri ver Moderate 25-Year
Stony Brook Moderate 40-Year
October 2005 Flooding of Capitol Region
Rivers and Streams
Table 8: Damage Estimates to Capitol Region Municipalities from the August 1955 Flood
Summary of Damage Estimates - August 19, 1955 Flood
Capitol Region Municipality
Public Facilities
Residential Industrial Business Private Schools,
Churches, & Institutions
Total
Avon $18,184 $100,000
$16,500
$134,684
Bloomfield $17,500 $17,500 $22,500 $66,250 $1,600 $125,350
Canton $80,000 $215,000 $1,000,000 $219,275
$1,514,275
East Granby $47,000 $480,000
$527,000
East Hartford $35,000
$35,000
East Windsor $20,000 $35,000 $6,500 $41,000
$102,500
Ellington $35,000
$35,000
Enfield $55,000
$55,000
Farmington $200,000 $1,800,000 $1,700,000 $500,000
$4,200,000
Glastonbury $8,000 $10,000 $58,300 $14,550
$90,850
Granby $455,000 $15,110 $14,000
$484,110
Hartford $25,000 $1,500,000 $1,800,000 $270,000 $100,000 $3,695,000
Manchester $12,095
$12,095
Rocky Hill
$2,000
$2,000
Simsbury $57,350 $350,000
$407,350
Somers $175,000
$175,000
South Windsor $5,000 $50,000
$55,000
Stafford $150,000
$150,000
Suffield $75,000 $50,000
$125,000
Tolland $11,000
$11,000
West Hartford $62,065 $255,000
$545,000
$862,065
Wethersfield $2,500 $75,000 $10,000
$87,500
Windsor $78,500 $50,000 $100,000 $11,500
$240,000
Windsor Locks $10,000
$10,000
Capitol Region $1,634,194 $5,004,610 $4,711,300 $1,684,075 $101,600 $13,135,779
Source: Report of the Connecticut Flood Recovery Committee to Governor Abraham Ribicoff, November 3, 1955, www.cslib.org/floodrecov.pdf.
The State and region have benefited from flood control projects spawned by the historic floods of the
1930s and 1950s, as well as innovations in response measures, such as the Automated Flood Warning System, which followed major flooding in 1982. Nevertheless, the severe flooding of October 2005 demonstrated once again the region’s vulnerability to this hazard.
Two heavy rainfalls during the week of October 7-
15, 2005 caused major flooding in several small rivers in Hartford and Tolland Counties, and moderate flooding elsewhere. Several dams were breached, and roads and bridges washed out. The storms flooded many basements, and some towns conducted evacuations because of severe urban flooding. Interstate 91 developed a sinkhole in Windsor. Enfield was particularly hard hit. The storms produced sufficient damage to provoke a federally declared major disaster in certain counties, including Tolland ($1.16 million), and eventually, Hartford County ($2.52 million).
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 57
Municipality
Rainfall for
Week of
Oct. 7-15,
2005
Enfield 15.90"
Farmington 11.61"
Glastonbury 13.27"
Hartford 10.51"
South Windsor 15.90"
Wethersfield 13.22"
Windsor Locks 13.12"
Route 191, East Windsor From http://ct.water.usgs.gov/DATA/floodindex.html
The National Weather Service’s Storm Events Database lists a number of other flooding events in the Capitol Region over the two decades including the following:
July 8, 1995: Thunderstorms produced very heavy rainfall. One road was reported to be impassable between Ellington and Stafford Springs and overflow and street flooding was reported on secondary roads off of Route 84. January 24, 1996: Strong south winds with gusts to 40 to 60 mph and isolated gusts to hurricane force preceded a sharp cold front. Peak wind gusts to 58 mph were recorded at both Bradley International Airport in Windsor Locks and at Glastonbury. There were scattered reports of wind damage including downed trees, downed tree limbs, and scattered power outages. Part of a roof of a Hartford apartment building was damaged, displacing about 15 people. Power outages affected up to 41,000 electric customers statewide. The high winds also brought a strong January thaw with temperatures rising into the 50s. This combined with rain and melting snow to cause some street flooding. Flash flooding occurred in West Hartford and Hartford, where homes flooded and roads washed out along the upper portion of the South Branch of the Park River and also along the North Branch of the Park River in the parking lots at the University of Hartford and Hartford Community College. April 16, 1996: Two to 3 inches of rain fell on April 16th in northern Connecticut, with totals of 3 to 5 inches in the south portion of Hartford and Tolland Counties. All of the rain fell in about a 12-hour period. The ground had remained saturated from heavy snowmelt during the previous week and this combined with the heavy rain to produce urban flooding, flooding of small streams, and finally minor to moderate flooding of the major rivers resulting in the most significant main stem river flooding along the Connecticut River in 9 years. In general, during this event low-lying riverfront land and some roads were flooded, but no significant damage was reported. July 13, 1996: Tropical Storm Bertha brought heavy rainfall totals of three to five and one-half inches as the center of the storm passed over the southeast part of Connecticut, moving northeast. The maximum rainfall reported was 5.5 inches at Vernon. Urban street flooding occurred throughout the area and minor river flooding occurred along the North Branch of the Park River in Hartford. December 2, 1996: Heavy rainfall amounts of 2 to 3 inches on the first and second of the month combined with some snow melt in the Connecticut River Basin to produce runoff, which resulted in minor flooding of several small streams and flooding along the Connecticut River below Thompsonville.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 58
August 29, 1997: A cold front moving very slowly across Connecticut caused an area of showers and thunderstorms that produced intense rainfall amounts of 3 to 6 inches in 1 to 3 hours across parts of Hartford County. A flash flood occurred in Manchester where Bigelow Brook rose at least 6 feet out of its banks, flooding roads and basements. Sixteen homes received extensive water damage. A majority of these had basement flooding. Three homes had total basement failure or collapse. One home was severely damaged. Many residents had to be evacuated to local shelters. Electric power was disrupted for 1,200 customers. A local shopping area also was flooded. An estimated 6 to 12 automobiles received extensive water damage when water rose to at least as high as the windows. Property damage was likely a half of a million dollars. Maximum rainfall totals reached 5 to 6 inches in the area of the flash flood and there was extensive urban street flooding in addition to the flash flood. The cloudburst was really confined to Manchester. Only one town away in Vernon, there was heavy rain but no flooding was reported. March 9, 1998: A powerful storm system moving slowly northeast from the Ohio Valley to the eastern Great Lakes brought strong winds and heavy rainfall to Connecticut, which resulted in urban street flooding, basement flooding, small stream flooding, and main stem river flooding. At times, the rainfall was torrential, especially in thunderstorms during the evening hours. June 30, 1998: An area of heavy showers and thunderstorms associated with a slow moving warm front brought 2 to 4 inches of rainfall to Hartford County resulting in urban street, basement, small stream, and river flooding. In West Hartford, the Trout Brook went over its banks flooding nearby areas. Urban street flooding was reported with water four feet deep on Pen Drive and one foot deep in some other areas. September 16, 1999: Tropical Storm Floyd brought torrential rainfall and strong winds to northern Connecticut, as it tracked up the Connecticut River valley into central Massachusetts. Although many areas received torrential rainfall, with totals between 4 and 8 inches, the heaviest rain fell in western Hartford County where as much as 10.80 inches was reported in Bristol. The rainfall produced widespread flooding of low-lying areas, especially in Hartford County. Surprisingly, no flood damage was reported, even in those areas where the smaller rivers rose rapidly. Strong winds were also felt in northern Connecticut as Floyd passed. There were scattered reports of small trees or branches downed, which did not cause significant damage. June 2, 2000: Severe thunderstorms moved across northern Connecticut in advance of a strong cold front. The storms moved through late in the afternoon and early evening. In Hartford County, a spotter in Granby reported nickel to quarter size hail, and observed a funnel cloud near State Route 20. The hail accumulated two inches deep. In Ellington, in Tolland County, thunderstorm winds downed two large trees, and torrential rainfall caused flash flooding of a small stream in the vicinity of Pinney Road. May 28, 2003: A slow moving severe thunderstorm produced penny sized hail in Enfield and Manchester. The storm then dumped 3 to 4 inches of rain in Bloomfield, West Hartford, and Hartford in less than one hour. This resulted in flash flooding on Beaman Brook in Bloomfield, and significant urban flooding in West Hartford and Hartford. Dozens of cars were submerged in flood waters and several people needed to be rescued. The north end of West Hartford along Trout Brook Drive was hardest hit, along with the neighborhood surrounding Bloomfield High School. There were no injuries reported. Lightning from the storm struck several houses in West Hartford causing minor damage. Power was briefly knocked out in West Hartford and Windsor, cutting off service to thousands of customers. July 15, 2005: Slow moving, nearly stationary, thunderstorms produced heavy downpours that lead to flash flooding and road closures in Hartford County. No direct injuries resulted from these storms. July 27, 2005: A hot and humid air mass combined with an approaching cold front sparked strong to severe thunderstorms. These thunderstorms produced severe winds, damaging lightning and flash flooding across north central and northeast Connecticut, especially Hartford County. The severe winds
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 59
brought trees, utility poles, and power lines down. In Hebron, approximately 40 trees were knocked down as these storms pushed through the area. Lightning and flash flooding were also produced from these storms. In Hartford, lightning destroyed a wooden shed. In East Hartford, flash flooding left cars stranded on a road. No direct injuries resulted from these storms, however. April 16, 2007: An unusually strong and slow moving coastal storm for mid April tracked to western Long Island Sound on April 16th before weakening slowly and drifting offshore. This storm brought strong winds and widespread river and stream flooding to northern Connecticut. Northeast winds gusted as high as 55 mph in the higher elevations of Tolland and Windham Counties. Rainfall totals of 3 to 5 inches, combined with wet antecedent conditions, resulted in widespread river and stream flooding, as well as significant flooding of urban areas. Minor to moderate flooding occurred on the Farmington and Connecticut Rivers. The Connecticut River at Thompsonville crested at 7 feet at 3 pm on the 17th (flood stage is 5 feet), and at Hartford it crested at 23.4 feet at 1215 pm on the 18th (flood stage is 16 feet). On the Farmington River, a crest of 16.6 feet was recorded at Simsbury at 915 am on the 17th (flood stage is 12 feet), while at Tarriffville the river crested at 9.9 feet at 430 pm on the 17th (flood stage is 9 feet). The Hockanum River in Manchester came out of its banks and threatened nearby homes. Several roads were flooded in Granby. September 28, 2008: Tropical Storm and then Hurricane Kyle moved east of Massachusetts on its trek towards Maine and Nova Scotia. The effects of Kyle were minimal on Southern New England with heavy rainfall and high surf the only concerns. Kyle, combined with a separate coastal storm that moved through Southern New England the day before, produced anywhere from two to seven inches of rain. This resulted in significant flooding across two counties in southeastern Massachusetts and flash flooding in Hartford County, Connecticut. Heavy rainfall behind Tropical Storm Kyle resulted in flash flooding across Hartford. On Elliot Street and on Flatbush Avenue, a total of six cars were stuck in flood waters. Numerous basements were flooded on both Maple and Wethersfield Avenues and on Parkview Drive. March 7, 2011: Heavy rains with amounts ranging 2 to 5 inches across coastal and interior New England coupled with melting snows resulted in flooding of tributaries and major rivers, inundating local neighborhoods and roadways. Several rivers and small streams in Hartford County flooded including the Farmington River at Tarriffville, Unionville, and Simsbury; the Hockanum River at East Hartford and the Connecticut River at Hartford. In addition, basements were flooded in Avon, Windsor and Windsor Locks. Bloomfield Avenue was closed near the Bloomfield/Windsor line because a nearby pond overflowed its banks. Several intersections were flooded, including the intersection of Old Farms and Tillotson Roads in Avon and the intersection of Wolcott and Wescott Roads in Simsbury. In Ellington, Route 140 was closed near its intersection with Route 30 because of flooding. Portions of Freshwater Boulevard in Enfield were flooded. In Somers, portions of Durkee, Four Bridges, and King Roads adjacent to the Scantic River flooded. September 8, 2011: A slow moving cold front moved across Southern New England and stalled just south of the area. This front was instrumental in bringing tropical moisture from the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee into New England resulting in several periods of showers and steady rainfall. Rainfall totals throughout the area over the four days totaled anywhere from two to eight inches, with most areas receiving four to six inches. This resulted in flooding both on the rivers and small streams and in urban areas. The bulk of the flooding in urban areas occurred on Sept. 8 as a band of very heavy rain moved through, dumping up to two inches of rain in an hour to hour and a half in some locations. Numerous roads were closed throughout Bloomfield because of water one to two feet deep over the roads. In addition, a ten foot section of Bloomfield Avenue was washed out near the intersection of Bloomfield Avenue and Route 218. Dozens of cars in Parking Lot E of the University of Hartford were floating after the north branch of the Park River overflowed its banks into the parking lot. University officials said it was only the second time in the past 15 years that flooding had been this bad. In
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 60
addition, several main stem rivers experienced flooding, including: the Farmington River at Simsbury and Unionville and the Connecticut River at Thompsonville and Hartford. No damage associated with this flooding was reported.
July 28, 2012: Several areas of low pressure along a stationary front stalled across Southern New England producing very heavy rain showers and a few thunderstorms. Many locations received up to two to three inches in less than an hour. This resulted in flash flooding, particularly in more urban areas. Route 190 and Stafford Road in Stafford was flooded with two feet of water, cars were stuck in the flood waters. In Stafford Springs, the parking lot in front of the Stafford Springs Savings Bank was flooded with one foot of water.
Assessing the Risks We Face From Flooding
To help assess the risks we face from major flooding, CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH loss estimation program to model the effects of flooding primarily at the local level. The Hazus-MH model has three levels of analysis depending upon the data used for the analyses. CRCOG performed Level 1 Analyses which rely on default data provided with the software. At this level, loss estimates are approximate and the analysis does not include damage/loss due to ground failure or erosion (riverine only), damage/loss due to earthquake driven flooding, or damage/loss due to dam failure. Level 2 Analysis improves Level 1 results and requires more extensive inventory data and effort than the Level 1 Analysis. However, it is likely that we would need to employ consultants to assist in the implementation of certain processes. For example, knowledgeable users of hydrology and hydraulics models are required to define flood elevations. Level 3 analyses require extensive efforts in developing information on the flood hazards and the measures of exposure. This type of analysis incorporates results from engineering and economic studies carried out using methods and software not included within the software. At this level, one or more technical experts would be required to acquire data, perform detailed analyses, assess damage/loss, and assist in gathering extensive inventory data. It is anticipated that at this level there would need to be extensive participation by local utilities and owners of special facilities. A multi-year effort would likely be required to complete a Level 3 Analysis. Level 2 and 3 Analyses are beyond the scope of this planning process.
Figure 2: Hazus-MH Levels of Analysis and User Sophistication
Source: Hazus-MH MR4 User Manual, FEMA
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 61
Our use of Hazus modeling provided a rough approximation of the damages each municipality could
experience from 100 year (1%) flooding. Table 9 below shows the damages each town in the region might face from a flood with a 1% probability of occurring in any given year (i.e., the 100 year flood). As can be seen, losses could be expected to be particularly high for Farmington River Valley communities. In all, the Capitol Region could experience losses of over $1.6 billion from such major flooding. (Summaries of the 100 year flood risk assessments are provided in the municipal sections of this Plan and copies of the event reports from the model runs are provided in the Appendix.)
Table 9: Estimated Losses to Capitol Region Communities from 100 Year Flood Events
Municipality
Total Estimated Economic Losses from a 100 Year Flood
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged
Municipality
Total Estimated Economic Losses from a 100 Year Flood
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged
ANDOVER $10,290,000 8 MANCHESTER $64,350,000 11
AVON $179,770,000 114 MARLBOROUGH $5,170,000 2
BLOOMFIELD $21,720,000 30 NEWINGTON $15,730,000 23
BOLTON $1,970,000 0 ROCKY HILL $4,740,000 1
CANTON $52,170,000 34 SIMSBURY $102,150,000 135
EAST GRANBY $13,340,000 13 SOMERS $12,790,000 10
EAST HARTFORD $33,550,000 41 SOUTH WINDSOR $33,240,000 48
EAST WINDSOR $17,970,000 26 STAFFORD $50,620,000 27
ELLINGTON $11,120,000 0 SUFFIELD $24,030,000 12
ENFIELD $91,120,000 135 TOLLAND $13,400,000 11
FARMINGTON $228,470,000 393 VERNON $50,460,000 76
GLASTONBURY $35,720,000 10 WEST HARTFORD $130,710,000 140
GRANBY $42,450,000 66 WETHERSFIELD $20,960,000 7
HARTFORD $206,450,000 61 WINDSOR $132,710,000 292
HEBRON $4,400,000 0 WINDSOR LOCKS $2,420,000 0
Other means can also provide insights into the risks our communities face from flooding. Analysis of
the types of land uses within FEMA designated 100 year flood zones gives some indication of the type of damage that flooding can cause in the region.
Figure 3 and Table 10 reveal percentages of general land uses, based on municipal zoning districts, in
the 100 Year Flood Zone in each municipality. Generally, about half of the Region’s land in flood zones is zoned residential, while over a quarter is zoned resource or recreation. Residential areas in flood zones are of particular concern for risk from this hazard.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 62
Figure 3: Capitol Region Zoning in FEMA Flood Zones
Residential 57%
Industrial 7%
Mixed Use 2%
Other, Water, ROW 3%
Business, Office,
Commercial 3%
Resource/ Recreation/ Public Use
28%
How do you explain the 1% annual chance of flooding (100 year event)?
The 1% annual chance exceedance flood sometimes referred to as the 100-year flood, or base flood, has a 1% chance
of occurring in any given year. It is not a safety standard, and it has been set as the level that flood insurance is not
required if the 1% annual chance flood can be excluded from the floodplain. Although a 1% annual chance flood
sounds remote, keep in mind that over the life of an average 30-year mortgage, a home located within the 1% flood
zone (A or V zone) has a 26% chance of being inundated by the size flood. This same home has less than a 1% chance
of fire damage during the same period. What is more significant is the house in a 10-year flood area is almost certain
to see a 10-year flood (96% chance) in the same 30-year mortgage cycle. In many areas the difference in flood heights
between a 10% and a 1% event is less than one foot.
Flood Frequency Chart Flood frequency
(years) Chance of flooding in any given year
Percent chance of flooding during 30-year mortgage
10 10 out of 100 (10%) 96%
50 2 out of 100 (2%) 46%
100 1 out of 100 (1%) 26%
500 0.2 out of 100 (0.2%) 6%
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Flood Risk Management Program, http://www.nfrmp.us/faqtypical.cfm#question5
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 63
Table 10: Percent of Land Uses (by Zoning District Category) in FEMA Flood Zones
MUNICIPALITY ZONING CATEGORY Total Acres in
100 Year Flood Plain
Percent of Flood Plain Land by Zoning Category
ANDOVER Town Total Acres 10057 Business/Commercial/Office 35 4.7%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 750 Industrial 116 15.4% % Town in Flood Plain 7.5% Residential 166 22.1%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 287 38.2% Water 148 19.7%
AVON
Town Total Acres 14989 Business/Commercial/Office 39 2.2% Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1779 Industrial 56 3.2%
% Town in Flood Plain 11.9% Residential 602 33.9% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 1081 60.8%
BLOOMFIELD Town Total Acres 16872 Business/Commercial/Office 15 0.9%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1748 Industrial 145 8.3% % Town in Flood Plain 10.4% Mixed Use 140 8.0%
Residential 1447 82.8%
BOLTON Town Total Acres 9433 Business/Commercial/Office 12 2.7%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 433 Industrial 11 2.4% % Town in Flood Plain 4.6% Residential 411 94.9%
CANTON Town Total Acres 16018 Business/Commercial/Office 30 3.9%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 770 Industrial 81 10.5% % Town in Flood Plain 4.8% Residential 659 85.6%
EAST GRANBY Town Total Acres 11217 Business/Commercial/Office 88 8.8%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 994 Industrial 19 1.9% % Town in Flood Plain 8.9% Mixed Use 13 1.4%
Residential 216 21.7% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 658 66.2%
EAST HARTFORD Town Total Acres 12040 Business/Commercial/Office 529 22.4%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2362 Industrial 83 3.5% % Town in Flood Plain 19.6% Mixed Use 113 4.8%
Residential 1638 69.3%
EAST WINDSOR Town Total Acres 17108 Business/Commercial/Office 37 2.3%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1575 Industrial 182 11.6% % Town in Flood Plain 9.2% Mixed Use 20 1.3%
Residential 1336 84.8%
ELLINGTON Town Total Acres 22140 Business/Commercial/Office 66 4.3%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1532 Industrial 168 11.0% % Town in Flood Plain 6.9% Residential 890 58.1%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 87 5.7%
Water 321 20.9%
ENFIELD Town Total Acres 21890 Business/Commercial/Office 154 7.2%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2158 Industrial 185 8.6% % Town in Flood Plain 9.9% Mixed Use 6 0.3%
Residential 1257 58.3%
ROW 37 1.7%
Water 518 24.0%
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 64
FARMINGTON
Town Total Acres 18384 Business/Commercial/Office 99 3.1% Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 3146 Industrial 228 7.3%
% Town in Flood Plain 17.1% Mixed Use 9 0.3%
Residential 839 26.7%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 1971 62.6%
GLASTONBURY Town Total Acres 33413 Business/Commercial/Office 14 0.4%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 3327 Industrial 10 0.3% % Town in Flood Plain 10.0% Mixed Use 28 0.9%
Residential 159 4.8%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 3056 91.9%
ROW 60 1.8%
GRANBY Town Total Acres 26301 Business/Commercial/Office 11 1.0%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1147 Industrial 57 5.0% % Town in Flood Plain 4.4% Mixed Use 178 15.5%
Residential 882 76.9% ROW 19 1.6%
HARTFORD Town Total Acres 11553 Business/Commercial/Office 14 2.2%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 661 Industrial 81 12.3% % Town in Flood Plain 5.7% Mixed Use 15 2.3%
Residential 209 31.7% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 341 51.7%
HEBRON Town Total Acres 23938 Industrial 38 2.4%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1607 Mixed Use 3 0.2% % Town in Flood Plain 6.7% Residential 1565 97.4%
MANCHESTER Town Total Acres 17704 Business/Commercial/Office 49 5.9%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 823 Industrial 167 20.3% % Town in Flood Plain 4.6% Mixed Use 4 0.5%
Residential 552 67.1% ROW 51 6.2%
MARLBOROUGH Town Total Acres 15032 Business/Commercial/Office 21 2.0%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1045 Industrial 30 2.9% % Town in Flood Plain 7.0% Residential 748 71.6%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 246 23.5%
NEWINGTON Town Total Acres 8394 Business/Commercial/Office 27 5.0%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 534 Industrial 262 49.1% % Town in Flood Plain 6.4% Residential 222 41.7%
ROW 23 4.2%
ROCKY HILL Town Total Acres 8835 Business/Commercial/Office 55 3.8%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1461 Mixed Use 2 0.1% % Town in Flood Plain 16.5% Residential 93 6.3%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 1301 89.1% ROW 10 0.7%
SIMSBURY Town Total Acres 21970 Business/Commercial/Office 17 0.6%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 3093 Industrial 409 13.2% % Town in Flood Plain 14.1% Mixed Use 11 0.3%
Residential 2656 85.9%
SOMERS Town Total Acres 18318 Business/Commercial/Office 3 0.2%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2109 Industrial 51 2.4% % Town in Flood Plain 11.5% Residential 2055 97.5%
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 65
SOUTH WINDSOR
Town Total Acres 18368 Business/Commercial/Office 37 1.1% Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 3386 Industrial 121 3.6%
% Town in Flood Plain 18.4% Mixed Use 24 0.7%
Residential 3172 93.7%
ROW 32 0.9%
STAFFORD Town Total Acres 37568 Business/Commercial/Office 111 4.2%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2620 Industrial 178 6.8% % Town in Flood Plain 7.0% Other 11 0.4%
Residential 1198 45.7%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 659 25.1%
ROW 94 3.6% Water 370 14.1%
SUFFIELD Town Total Acres 27540 Business/Commercial/Office 9 0.5%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1834 Industrial 328 17.9% % Town in Flood Plain 6.7% Mixed Use 16 0.9%
Residential 1330 72.5% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 152 8.3%
TOLLAND Town Total Acres 25740 Business/Commercial/Office 2 0.1%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 1076 Industrial 36 3.3% % Town in Flood Plain 4.2% Residential 1038 96.5%
VERNON Town Total Acres 11601 Business/Commercial/Office 82 10.8%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 753 Industrial 25 3.3% % Town in Flood Plain 6.5% Mixed Use 73 9.6%
Residential 537 71.3% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 37 4.9%
WEST HARTFORD Town Total Acres 14336 Business/Commercial/Office 15 1.5%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 975 Industrial 29 3.0% % Town in Flood Plain 6.8% Residential 931 95.5%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use LT 1 0.0%
WETHERSFIELD Town Total Acres 8430 Business/Commercial/Office 57 2.3%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2529 Mixed Use 76 3.0% % Town in Flood Plain 30.0% Residential 552 21.8%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 1844 72.9%
WINDSOR Town Total Acres 19868 Business/Commercial/Office 27 1.1%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 2500 Industrial 115 4.6% % Town in Flood Plain 12.6% Mixed Use 14 0.6%
Residential 389 15.6% Resource/Recreation/Public Use 1954 78.2%
WINDSOR LOCKS Town Total Acres 5977 Business/Commercial/Office 2 1.2%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 157 Industrial 133 84.9% % Town in Flood Plain 2.6% Residential 22 13.9%
CAPITOL REGION Region Total Acres 525030 Business/Commercial/Office 1656 3.4%
Total Acres in 100 Year Flood Plain 48883 Industrial 3344 6.8% % Region in Flood Plain 9.3% Mixed Use 746 1.5%
Other 11 0.0%
Residential 27771 56.8%
Resource/Recreation/Public Use 13674 28.0%
ROW 325 0.7%
Water 1356 2.8%
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 66
The maps and data on the following pages which show the FEMA flood zones, the significant and high hazard dams (discussed in the following section) in the Capitol Region, flood insurance claims by town and repetitive flood loss claims illustrate the Capitol Region’s potential for losses due to flooding. A review of flood insurance loss claims, and repetitive flood loss claims, from the past three decades indicates that flooding is a significant risk to the region not only because of its frequency, but also because of its damage potential.
Map 6: Capitol Region Population Density, Flood Plains, and High and Significant Hazard Dams
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 67
As seen in the table below, properties in Farmington and West Hartford have experienced substantial losses due to floods. Bloomfield, Canton, East Hartford, East Windsor, Enfield, Glastonbury, Hartford, Manchester, Newington, Simsbury, Somers, Stafford Springs, Vernon, Wethersfield, and Windsor Locks have also experienced large losses.
Table 11: National Flood Insurance Program Loss Statistics as of February 29, 2012
COMMUNITY NAME
TOTAL LOSS
CLAIMS TOTAL PAYMENTS
COMMUNITY NAME
TOTAL LOSS CLAIMS
TOTAL PAYMENTS
Andover 4 $4,980.94 Newington 43 $664,970.85
Avon 15 $50,059.02 Rocky Hill 10 $95,566.49
Bloomfield 41 $297,353.14 Simsbury 100 $526,615.71
Bolton 2 $3,989.54 Somers 10 $243,412.27
Canton 25 $122,853.58 South Windsor 16 $117,095.83
East Granby 3 $2,317.60 Stafford 4 $22,257.15
East Hartford 96 $455,077.42 Stafford Springs, Borough
28 $381,154.22
East Windsor 23 $281,501.59 Suffield 5 $5,733.52
Ellington 4 $8,954.08 Tolland 10 $9,289.54
Enfield 55 $292,021.82 Vernon 25 $149,474.90
Farmington 123 $1,189,996.47 West Hartford 318 $1,171,709.48
Glastonbury 44 $160,639.28 Wethersfield 66 $340,703.43
Granby 17 $98,904.16 Windsor Locks 9 $166,871.73
Hartford 50 $649,546.08 Windsor 25 $90,399.44
Hebron 3 $5,043.26 TOTAL FOR CAPITOL REGION
1,208 $7,761,724.82
Manchester 26 $106,584.64
Marlborough 8 $46,647.64 TOTAL FOR CONNECTICUT
20,832 $226,568,892.65
Source: CT DEEP 05/10/12
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 68
Map 7: Total Flood Insurance Loss Claims and Payments for the Capitol Region as of February 2012
Data Source: CT DEEP 05/10/12
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 69
A Repetitive Loss Property (RLP) is any insurable building for which two or more claims of more than $1,000 were paid by the NFIP within any rolling 10-year period, since 1978. At least two of the claims must be more than 10-days apart but, within 10 years of each other. The table below shows the Capitol region communities which have experienced repetitive losses. Properties in Farmington, Simsbury, Newington, East Hartford, Enfield and West Hartford have experienced high repetitive loss payments. The municipalities of Andover, Bolton, East Granby, East Windsor, Ellington, Glastonbury, Hebron, Somers, Stafford, Suffield, Tolland, and Windsor Locks have not experienced repetitive loss claims as of June 2012.
Table 12: National Flood Insurance Program Repetitive Loss Claims 1982-2011
Municipality Building
Payments Contents
Payments Total
Payments Average
Payments Losses
(#) Properties
(#)
Type of Property*
Avon $41,717.80 $3,479.24 $45,197.04 $6,456.72 7 3 3-R
Bloomfield $70,009.50 $716.00 $70,725.50 $7,858.39 9 3 3-R
Canton $49,460.04 $21,436.90 $70,896.94 $4,431.06 16 6 5-R, 1-N
East Hartford $210,352.42 $18,227.91 $228,580.33 $13,445.90 17 6 4-R, 2-N
Enfield $138,408.65 $30,731.06 $169,139.71 $11,275.98 15 6 6-R
Farmington $713,852.46 $83,712.20 $797,564.66 $39,878.23 20 6 4-R, 2-N
Granby $14,146.60 $8,898.02 $23,044.62 $5,761.16 4 1 1-N
Hartford $3,018.56 $80,029.08 $83,047.64 $9,227.52 9 2 1-R, 1-N
Manchester $16,543.90 $26,660.04 $43,203.94 $10,800.99 4 2 1-R, 1-N
Marlborough $6,386.46 $14.20 $6,400.66 $3,200.33 2 1 1-R
Newington $135,900.45 $507,654.38 $643,554.83 $37,856.17 17 5 1-R, 4-N
Rocky Hill $33,183.05 $8,276.65 $41,459.70 $20,729.85 2 1 1-R
Simsbury $326,410.85 $62,787.63 $389,198.48 $8,460.84 46 11 11-R
South Windsor $13,643.02 $29,046.50 $42,689.52 $10,672.38 4 1 1-N
Vernon $41,230.09 $51,502.19 $92,732.28 $8,430.21 11 4 2-R, 2-N
West Hartford $542,657.27 $169,734.75 $712,392.02 $7,828.48 91 34 34-R
Wethersfield $25,580.95 $1,794.00 $27,374.95 $3,041.66 9 4 4-R
Windsor $26,579.85 $5,058.57 $31,638.42 $7,909.61 4 2 2-R
Capitol Region $2,409,081.92 $1,109,759.32 $3,518,841.24 $12,260.77 287 98 83-R, 15-N
*R = Residential, N = Non-residential, i.e., Commercial
Source: CT DEEP 06/05/12
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 70
Map 8: Capitol Region Insurance Claims for Repetitive Flood Losses
Data Source: CT DEEP 05/10/12
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 71
Dam Failure
Dams provide vital benefits to our region such as water supply, power generation, flood control,
and recreation, but in the event of failure, they can pose a threat to lives and property. Dam failure can happen for a number of reasons including as a result of natural disasters such as structural failure due to earthquakes or overtopping due to heavy precipitation. Dams in Connecticut are regulated by the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP). Dams are rated by their hazard potential as outlined in the table below. According to DEEP’s Guidelines for Inspection and Maintenance of Dams, owners of class B and C dams are required to prepare and implement an emergency operations plan (EOP) which would include an identification of the area inundated by a dam failure; establishment of a procedure for monitoring the dam during heavy rainfall and runoff; and formalizing a warning system to alert local emergency management officials.
Table 13: Dam Hazard Categories
Class C: High hazard potential dam which, if it were to fail, would result in the probable loss of life; major damage to habitable structures, residences,
hospitals, convalescent homes, schools, etc.; damage to main highways; or
great economic loss.
Class B: Significant hazard potential dam which, if it were to fail, would result in possible loss of life; minor damage to habitable structures, residences, hospitals,
convalescent homes, schools, etc.; damage to or interruption of the use or
service of utilities; damage to primary roadways and rail- roads; or significant
economic loss.
Class BB: Moderate hazard potential dam which, if it were to fail, would result in damage to normally unoccupied storage structures, damage to low volume roadways, or moderate economic loss.
Class A: Low hazard potential dam which, if it were to fail, would result in damage to agricultural land, damage to unimproved roadways, or minimal economic loss.
Class AA:
Negligible hazard potential dam which, if it were to fail, would result in no measurable damage to roadways, land and structures, and negligible economic loss.
Source: Guidelines for Inspection and Maintenance of Dams, Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, September 2001, available for download at http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=325634&deepNav_GID=1654
According to the DEEP, there are 533 dams in the Capitol Region. The Capitol Region has 38 Class
C, or high hazard, dams (see Table 14 below). Failure of a Class C dam would result in probable loss of life, major damage to habitable structures, damage to major highways and great economic loss. The region also has 59 Class B, or significant hazard, dams. Failure in these dams would result in similar, but less severe damage. Following is a list of the high hazard potential dams located within the Capitol Region. The CT DEEP, Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) or municipalities own the majority of these dams, which serve in flood control, or water supply.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 72
Map 9: Dams in the Capitol Region
Table 14: Capitol Region High Hazard Dams (Class C)
CT Dam# Dam Name Town
Downstream Watercourse
Hazard Class Owner
1101 BLOOMFIELD DAM (TUNXIS RESERVOIR #3 BLOOMFIELD WASH BROOK C CT DEP
1103 WINTONBURY DAM SITE #1 BLOOMFIELD BEAMANS BROOK C CT DEP
1104 COLD SPRING DAM BLOOMFIELD TUMBLE BROOK C CT DEP
1105 BLUE HILLS RESERVOIR SITE #2 BLOOMFIELD BEAMANS BROOK TRIB C CT DEP
4902 FRESHWATER POND ENFIELD FRESHWATER BROOK C TOWN OF ENFIELD
5201 BATTERSON PARK POND DAMS FARMINGTON
BASS AND CADWELL BROOKS C CITY OF HARTFORD
5202 FARMINGTON RESV FARMINGTON PEQUABUCK RIVER TRIB C TOWN OF FARMINGTON
5211 SOUTH RESERVOIR DAM FARMINGTON UNNAMED C CT DEP
6407 RIVERFRONT DIKE HARTFORD CONNECTICUT RIVER C CITY OF HARTFORD-PUBLIC WORKS
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 73
6408 NORTH MEADOW DIKE HARTFORD CONNECTICUT RIVER C CITY OF HARTFORD-PUBLIC WORKS
6409 SOUTH MEADOW DIKE HARTFORD CONNECTICUT RIVER C CITY OF HARTFORD-PUBLIC WORKS
6410 FOLLY BROOK DIKE HARTFORD CONNECTICUT RIVER C CITY OF HARTFORD-PUBLIC WORKS
7703 HOWARD RESERVOIR DAM MANCHESTER PORTER BROOK C
MANCHESTER, WATER & SEWER DEPT.
7706 UNION POND DAM MANCHESTER HOCKANUM RIVER C MANCHESTER, WATER & SEWER DEPT.
13228 AVERY SITE I SOUTH WINDSOR C CT DEP
13229 AVERY SITE #2 SOUTH WINDSOR AVERY BROOK C CT DEP
13401 WHITNEY RESERVOIR SITE #1 STAFFORD PATTEN BROOK C CT DEP
13402 ELLIS RESERVOIR SITE #2 STAFFORD ELLIS BROOK C CT DEP
13403 POMEROY RESERVOIR SITE #3 STAFFORD MCINTYRES BROOK C CT DEP
13405 ELLITHORPE RESERVOIR SITE #5 STAFFORD MIDDLE RIVER C CT DEP
13406 SHENIPSIT RESERVOIR SITE #6 STAFFORD EDSONBROOK TRIB C CT DEP
13408 STAFFORDVILLE RESV STAFFORD FURNACE BROOK C TOWN OF STAFFORD
13410 WARREN POND STAFFORD FURNACE BROOK C WARREN CORPORATION
13411 RIVERSIDE POND STAFFORD FURNACE BROOK C TTM PRINTED CIRCUIT GROUP, INC.
14601 HOCKANUM RESERVOIR VERNON HOCKANUM RIVER C ANTOINETTE REALTY CO.
14602 SHENIPSIT LAKE VERNON HOCKANUM RIVER C CONNECTICUT WATER COMPANY
14606 PAPER MILL POND VERNON HOCKANUM RIVER C AMERBELLE CORP.
15507 HARTFORD RESERVOIR #1 WEST HARTFORD UNNAMED C
METROPOLITAN DISTRICT COMMISSION
15508 HARTFORD RESERVOIR #2 WEST HARTFORD UNNAMED C
METROPOLITAN DISTRICT COMMISSION
15509 HARTFORD RESERVOIR #3 WEST HARTFORD UNNAMED C
METROPOLITAN DISTRICT COMMISSION
15511 HARTFORD RESERVOIR #6 WEST HARTFORD UMBLE BROOK C
METROPOLITAN DISTRICT COMMISSSION
15512 BURNT HILL RESERVOIR DAM
WEST HARTFORD TROUT BROOK C CT DEP
15513 TALCOTT RESERVOIR DAM #1
WEST HARTFORD UNNAMED C CT DEP
15514 BUGBEE RESERVOIR WEST HARTFORD TROUT BROOK TRIB C CT DEP
15523 TALCOTT RESERVOIR DAM #2
WEST HARTFORD TROUT BROOK TRIB C CT DEP
15529 SOUTH RESERVOIR DIKE WEST HARTFORD C
15536 NEW PARK AVENUE FLOOD PREV. DIKE
WEST HARTFORD C TOWN OF WEST HARTFORD
16401 RAINBOW RESERVOIR WINDSOR FARMINGTON RIVER C THE FARMINGTON RIVER POWER CO.
Source: CT DEEP Dam Safety Section, October 2012
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 74
According to the 2014 Connecticut Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update:
The most critical and hazardous dams are required to meet a spillway design standard much higher than passing the runoff from a 100-year rainfall event. Although not all of the dams under DEEP jurisdiction have been shown to be able to withstand the 100-year rainfall event, most of the dams meet this standard due to original design requirements or recent spillway upgrades. For the most part if smaller rainfall events, (e.g. 10-year and 25-year events) occur more frequently there will be little impact on the ability of Connecticut dams to operate safely.
Although, the risk of dam failure may be low, the floods of October 2005 demonstrated the
Region’s vulnerability to localized storm impacts on dams. Several low and moderate hazard potential dams suffered some impact from localized major flooding. Table 15 below shows a list of dams within the Region that were breached or damaged in October 2005.
Table 15: Capitol Region Dams Impacted by October 2005 Flooding
The draft 2013 Connecticut Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update estimates there are nearly
12,000 people in Hartford County and 4,150 people in Tolland County within the mapped dam inundation areas of high and significant hazard dams. The Capitol Region does not include all municipalities in Hartford and Tolland Counties thus the regional population exposed to this risk is likely lower, probably under two percent.
Severe Winter Storms
Connecticut is subject to blizzards, ice storms and nor’easters - storms characterized by strong,
possibly damaging northeasterly winds. The Capitol Region receives an average annual snowfall of about 40”, although snowfall amounts vary widely from year to year and can vary dramatically across the Region in any given storm. Severe winter storms can result in damage to buildings and infrastructure, loss of life, and disruptions to regional transportation and communication systems. Half of all federal disaster declarations for Connecticut over the past 20 years have followed major winter or snow storms. Federal assistance is frequently used to offset the snow/ice removal costs the State and municipalities incur. For example, a federal emergency was declared for the February 11-12, 2006 snowstorm in several counties in Connecticut (including Hartford and Tolland) to help share the costs of snow removal. In 2011, FEMA obligated over $74 million in Public Assistance funds to the State of Connecticut to reimburse state agencies, local governments and eligible private nonprofit organizations for costs associated with the January 11-12, 2011 snowstorm and Storm Alfred in October (See Table 4). The frequency, intensity and timing of winter storms dramatically impacts snow removal budgets. Storm Alfred was particularly costly for municipalities because of the heavy debris loads resulting from the
Location Dam Ownership Dam Class Impact on Dam
Bl oomfi el d ABB Pond Dam Pri vate unknown Damaged
Somers Somervi l l e Pond
Dam DEP unknown Parti al l y Breached
East Wi ndsor Wi ndsorvi l l e Dam Pri vate BB Damaged
Enfi el d Spri ngborn Dam DEP BB Damaged
Cai ns Pond Pri vate A Ful l y Breached
Schwartz Pond Dam Pri vate BB Parti al l y Breached Suffi el d
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 75
high number of fully leafed trees downed in this storm. Municipalities also incur higher labor costs for snow removal on weekends and holidays.
Notable winter storms such as the blizzards of 1888, 1978, and 2013 delivered nearly an entire
season’s worth of snow in single events to the Region. The blizzard of 1888, called the Great White Hurricane, occurred on March 11 through 14
th . This blizzard produced over 50 inches of snow in
some parts of the State and caused over 400 deaths along the East Coast. The blizzard of 1978, which occurred on February 6
th , paralyzed the State for three days and resulted in four Connecticut
deaths. The blizzard caused widespread damage throughout New England resulting in 99 deaths and $520 million in damages. Ice storm Felix which occurred on December 18, 1973, was Connecticut’s most severe ice storm and resulted in two deaths and widespread power outages. Other notable winter storms in Connecticut include nor’easters in 1979, 1983, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2003, October 2011’s Storm Alfred, and most recently, the February Blizzard of 2013. Following are descriptions of some of the winter storms that have hit the Region in the last 15 years, and their impacts, from the National Weather Service’s Storm Events Database (unless otherwise noted). As is evident from these descriptions, individual winter storm events need not be unusually intense to cause damages and even loss of life.
January 7, 1996: This storm was one of the most significant winter storms to hit southern New England in the past 20 years and was named the "Blizzard of '96" from the Middle Atlantic States to southern New England. However, by National Weather Service definition, no actual blizzard conditions occurred in the state. Snowfall across the north and northeast portions of the state ranged from 15 to 23 inches. In Hartford County, Bradley International Airport recorded 18.2 inches. New Britain had 18 inches and Wethersfield, 15.3 inches. In Tolland County, 22.5 inches were recorded in Mansfield. This storm disrupted transportation systems and closed schools and businesses. A barn roof collapsed in Simsbury within a week or so following this very heavy snowfall. March 2, 1996: A total of 6 to 7 inches of snow fell across the northern part of the state. There were 391 skidding accidents reported to the state police. Three people were killed and dozens injured on the icy roadways. A number of state highways were closed for a time due to the numerous accidents and very slippery conditions, including Route 30 in Tolland and Route 195 in Mansfield. December 6, 1996: An intensifying storm system moving eastward from the southeast tip of Long Island caused heavy, wet snow across northern Connecticut. The greatest totals were reported from the higher elevations. Several thousand electric customers lost power, including a total of 1700 in Avon. In Simsbury, a town-owned tobacco barn collapsed under the weight of the snow. The barn was in rough shape to start with, but the collapse amounted to approximately $37,000, according to the Simsbury Assessors' Office. Road conditions became very poor as the snow continued to fall throughout the day. December 7, 1996: This storm brought heavy, wet snow and resulted in widespread power outages. There had been another heavy, wet snow event the day before, too. A total of 225,000 electric customers lost power statewide, including 100,000 in central Connecticut and 95,000 in the eastern part of the state. Power remained out for several days, despite the efforts of dozens of electric company repair crews, many from out-of-state. Many roads remained unplowed until the utility companies could clear away fallen wires. A firefighter died instantly while on duty in Somers when he came in contact with a 23,000 volt power line that had been knocked down by the heavy snow. Route 44 was closed for 15 hours due to a fallen power line. Up to 22 shelters were opened across the region and many residents left their unheated and darkened homes. Many vehicles and homes were damaged by falling tree limbs and damage was estimated in the millions of dollars.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 76
January 24, 1997: Light freezing rain created very treacherous driving conditions and caused numerous skidding accidents, including many multiple-car accidents. State police at the Tolland barracks reported 60-80 accidents, mostly minor, late Friday night, January 24th. Several bridges had to be closed in the Hartford area when more than a dozen cars collided. Several other highways also were closed in northern Connecticut due to icing conditions. A spotter in Windsor reported 1/4" to 1/3" of ice on trees during the early morning hours on January 25th. December 20, 1999: Light freezing rain fell in the deeper valleys of northern Connecticut, as rain fell into a shallow layer of below freezing air at the surface. The resultant light coating of ice formed "black ice" on many roadways, which caused many accidents. It was estimated that there were nearly one hundred accidents, mostly fender benders, throughout Hartford, Tolland, and Windham Counties as a result of the slick driving conditions. November 26, 2000: Low pressure moving north up the mid Atlantic coast brought a period of light freezing rain to much of northern Connecticut. Ice accretion was under one quarter inch, but the freezing rain left black ice on roads, causing dozens of accidents at the end of the Thanksgiving weekend, usually a busy travel day. Temperatures warmed into the 40s by late morning, ending the danger of icing. February 5, 2001: A major winter storm brought heavy snow and strong winds to northern Connecticut. The highest snowfall totals, between 12 and 24 inches, were reported in Hartford County. Totals of 12 to 18 inches were widely observed in Tolland and Windham Counties. Several minor accidents were attributed to the storm, and traffic in greater Hartford was brought to a standstill during the height of the storm. Several thousand electric customers were left without power. November 16, 2002: A major ice storm caused significant damage in north central Connecticut. There were numerous reports of downed trees, limbs, and power lines as a result of one-half to three-quarters of an inch of icing. An estimated 100,000 customers in Hartford and Tolland Counties were left without power because of the storm. Damage was especially severe in western Hartford County, where entire communities such as Hartland, Granby, Simsbury, and Canton were left without power for as much as five days. Sections of Canton were completely isolated due to downed trees and wires, according to local police. The damage from the ice storm was compounded by high winds one day later. Gusts as high as 50 mph hampered the cleanup effort, downed more trees and branches which were weighted down by ice. Total damage from the storm in Hartford County was estimated at two million dollars. The damage was less severe in neighboring Tolland County, but there were still many reports of downed trees, limbs, and wires countywide. Total damage was estimated at half a million dollars. January 8, 2005: Low pressure quickly strengthened as it passed south of New England and brought a mix of snow, sleet and freezing rain to much of interior southern New England. North central Connecticut was especially hard hit by freezing rain, where as much as one half inch of glaze brought down trees, tree limbs and power lines. There was no estimate of how many customers lost power, but dozens of accidents were reported as a result of icy roads. March 8, 2005: Low pressure strengthened rapidly off the Delaware coast and tracked southeast of New England, bringing heavy snow and high winds to parts of northern Connecticut. Several highways, including Interstate 84, were described by state police as "barely passable" during the height of the storm. In Hartford, downtown streets were jammed with cars as many businesses and state offices closed early. Commuting times were doubled or tripled in many locations. February 11, 2006: The “Blizzard of 2006” was a nor'easter that began on the evening of February 11, 2006. It dumped heavy snow across the northeast United States from Virginia to Maine through the early evening of February 12 and ended in Canada on February 13. Hartford received a total of 21.9 inches of snow — the second largest snowfall since 1906 — and West Hartford received 27 inches of snow. Despite
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 77
the large amounts of snow, there were only isolated individual power outages. Bradley International Airport was closed for several hours. While Connecticut was one of the hardest hit areas, the state was well-prepared for the storm and managed to avoid major problems. At the storm's onset, Governor M. Jodi Rell ordered all tractor-trailer trucks off the state's highways to facilitate the efforts of highway crews with snow removal. Connecticut mobilized 2,500 state-owned and privately contracted snowplows to keep state highways open during the storm. The state's 169 cities and towns employed hundreds of additional plows to keep local roads passable. December 2, 2007: A strong low pressure system moved across southern New England producing wintry precipitation across much of northern Connecticut. Ice accretion downed tree limbs and wires, causing power outages across much of Hartford County. Winter 2010/2011: Significant snowfalls from December 2010 through February 2011 with only a brief thaws in between allowed snow to pile up across southern New England resulting in numerous roof collapses, towns seeking permission to dump excess snow in area rivers and bays, and numerous disruptions to transportation. The first major snow storm occurred December 26 and 27, 2010, with several other snowfalls following in January. On January 11 and 12, 2011, a developing nor'easter coastal storm dumped up to two and a half feet of snow across Connecticut in a 24 hour period. Twenty-two and a half inches fell at Bradley International Airport setting a one day snowfall record for that location. This was the second major storm of an above average winter of snowfall. Then on January 26, 2011, a strong low pressure system moved up the coast and southeast of Nantucket producing up to a foot and a half of snow across Connecticut. Six to seventeen inches of snow fell across Hartford County and thirteen to nineteen inches fell across Tolland County. Another major storm hit February 1 and 2. Because there was no appreciable melting between storms, roof collapses continued. Federal assistance was sought by Governor Malloy for costs associated with the January 12 winter storm and its cleanup. It was granted by President Obama for Hartford and Tolland Counties. According to the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, municipalities and other local and private nonprofit agencies incurred expenses of over $3.15 million due to the heavy snowfalls associated with the federally declared disaster. The municipalities and agencies are eligible for reimbursement of 75% of these costs under FEMA’s Public Assistance program.
Hebron Building Collapse due to Heavy Snow Loads, February 2, 2011 Credit: John Sholtis, WTNH.com
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 78
Storm Alfred, October 29, 2011: A rare and historic October Nor'easter brought very heavy snow to portions of southern New England on Saturday October 29. Low pressure tracked northeast from the North Carolina coast Saturday morning, rapidly strengthening as it passed well south of Nantucket Saturday evening. As the storm intensified, colder air from aloft was drawn into New England resulting in heavy snow in the interior. The precipitation started as mainly snow early Saturday afternoon across the interior of southern New England, although a brief period of rain at the onset was common across the lower elevations. The snow tapered off just after midnight Saturday night in western New England with the last of the precipitation exiting eastern New England Sunday morning. The accumulation of the heavy wet snow on trees and power lines resulted in widespread tree damage and power outages across many communities in central and western Massachusetts, southern New Hampshire, and northeastern Connecticut. Six to seventeen inches of snow fell across Hartford County and six to ten inches of snow fell across Tolland County. Heavy wet snow fell on foliated trees, breaking branches and downing trees and wires, resulting in widespread power outages that lasted for up to 11 days. This resulted in school closures and numerous towns cancelled or rescheduled Halloween and trick-or- treating activities. At the peak, 830,000 customers in Connecticut were without power. Over 250 trees and 106 utility poles were downed in Somers. In addition, 8 transformers were destroyed and 24 were damaged in Tolland County. A motorist died in a traffic accident in Hebron blamed on the road conditions and weather. The Glastonbury Pheasant Farm lost more than 4,000 birds. Throughout Connecticut, 164 AT&T cell phone towers were damaged resulting in degraded cell phone service until towers could be repaired and power restored. Air travel in and around the Hartford area was disrupted when numerous flights were diverted to Bradley International Airport from the New York City metro area and then power outages affected the airport. Several airplanes were not able to allow their passengers to disembark for seven hours or more. The Enfield DMV roof was compromised by the heavy snow and was shutdown. Both Avon and South Windsor estimated 100,000 cubic yards of debris from fallen trees and power lines. According to the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, municipalities and other local and private nonprofit agencies incurred expenses of over $68 million due to Alfred. Most of this expense was due to cleanup efforts associated with the enormous amount of debris generated by the storm. The municipalities and agencies are eligible for reimbursement of 75% of these costs under FEMA’s Public Assistance program.
Snow Covered Trees and Streets, Glastonbury, October 30, 2011, CRCOG
October 2011 Storm Cleanup in Windsor, FEMA
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 79
Figure 4: October 2011 Snowfall Totals Across Central Connecticut
Source: National Weather Service.
Blizzard of 2013: A massive nor-easter hit the Northeast February 8
th and 9
th bringing record amounts of
snow to Connecticut and other areas in New England. According to NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center (http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/news/evaluating-february-2013-blizzard-regional-snowfall-index) over 49,000 people across 192 square mile area (including much of Connecticut) saw 30 inches or more of snow as a result of this storm. According to meteorologist Geoff Fox, the National Weather Service reported snow totals in Hartford County which ranged from 20 inches in East Hartford and Enfield to 33.5 inches in Glastonbury, and snow totals in Tolland County, ranging from 25 inches in Vernon to 32.5 inches in Coventry (http://www.geofffox.com/MT/archives/2013/02/09/2013-blizzard-snow-totals-for- connecticut.php). At times snow fell at a rate of 6 inches per hour. The governor closed limited access highways on February 8
th and all roads on February 9
th . Clean up took days and required cities and the
State to bring in additional crews and equipment. According to the Hartford Courant, the Connecticut Department of Transportation brought in 150 additional pay loaders to handle the massive accumulations of snow on the roads. The blizzard was also responsible for several deaths in Connecticut including two in Manchester. (http://articles.courant.com/2013-02-12/news/hc-weather-snow-connecticut-0208- 20130205_1_clear-snow-dannel-p-malloy-asylum-avenue). The Connecticut Department of Agriculture reported that more than 300 agricultural structures partially or completely collapsed (www.ct.gov/doag/lib/doag/Feb_27_2013_EMAIL.pdf - 2013-02-26).
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 80
Figure 5: Blizzard of 2013 Snowfall Totals
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Raleigh, North Carolina, taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_2013_nor%27easter.
Tornadoes/High Winds
Connecticut averages approximately three tornadoes every two years; however, in the first
week and a half of July 2013 four tornadoes hit the State including three which touched down in the Capitol Region. Hartford and Litchfield Counties are at the highest risk for tornadoes within the state based on historical patterns and locations of their occurrence. Between 1950 and 2003, Hartford County experienced 14 tornadoes and Tolland County experienced 10. These tornadoes occurred between April and October. Between 2006 and 2012, Connecticut experienced twelve tornados. Two of these were in Hartford County (Wethersfield and Bristol) and one in Tolland County (Somers). The Somers tornado was an EF0 tornado which struck on May 28, 2007 and damaged a barn. The Wethersfield tornado was an EF1 tornado which struck on June 29, 2009 and resulted in $750,000 in property damages but no reported injuries. On July 1, 2013, three tornadoes touched down in Connecticut; two of these were in the Capitol Region: an EF1 which traveled from Windsor Locks to East Windsor and an EF0 which struck Enfield. On July 10, 2013, an EF1 tornado touched down in Andover and traveled over 11 miles passing through Coventry and Mansfield.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 81
One of the country’s most destructive tornadoes touched down in Windsor Locks and Windsor
on October 3, 1979. The F4 tornado had winds in excess of 200 miles per hour, and tore an 11-mile path from Windsor to Suffield. The tornado killed 3 people, injured 500 and caused an estimated $250 million ($776,385,000 in 2011 dollars) in damage, in part because it struck the New England Air Museum destroying several planes and hangars. The 1979 tornado still ranks as the 9
th most costly
single tornado in the United States, according to the Storm Prediction Center of the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration.
Tornado Damaged Aircraft from New England Air Museum, October 4, 1979. Credit: John Long, Hartford Courant, http://www.courant.com/business/connecticut-insurance/hrt-hc- aircraft-devasted20120104123803,0,2414026.photo.
New England Air Museum, Windsor Locks, 1979 Credit: New England Air Museum. From the Tornado Page: http://www.neam.org/tornado5.htm
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 82
Wethersfield House torn in two by tree toppled during tornado of June 26, 2009. Credit: Wethersfield Historical Society http://www.wethhist.org/articles-from-the- community/2011/01/its-an-ugly-scene-out-there.html
More recently, on June 1, 2011, three tornados touched down in Hampden County, Massachusetts just north of the Connecticut state line. The strongest, an EF3 tornado resulted in 4 deaths, 200 injuries and $227,600,000 in property damage. This tornado first touched down in Westfield and continued on a 39 mile path through West Springfield, Springfield, Wilbraham, Monson, Brimfield and Sturbridge.
High winds and microbursts (strong straight-line downburst winds) can also inflict damage to property and result in injuries. A high wind event on October 29, 2006 with peak gusts of 49 mph. brought down trees and power lines in West Hartford, Andover, Ellington and Tolland. On March 8, 2008, Bradley International Airport recorded a wind gust of 53 mph. In addition, local television meteorologists in Hartford reported wind gusts of 62 mph. Trees and wires were downed in Glastonbury, closing a portion of Route 17. A light pole was downed on Garnett Lane and large tree limbs were downed on Avery Street, both in South Windsor. On February 19, 2011, Bradley International Airport recorded a sustained wind of 44 mph. Multiple trees were downed across Hartford County, including one that was downed onto a garage on Halwood Drive in Granby, another on a garage in East Hartford, and two on April Drive and Indian Hill Road in Glastonbury.
According to the Hartford Courant, on August 12, 2012, a microburst with winds up to 100 mph hit an area of Glastonbury one-half-mile wide and 2.5-miles long bringing down trees and damaging property. Based on the damage, the National Weather Service determined the microburst had wind speeds of 85 to 100 mph in the Butler Drive and Needletree Lane area, and 75 to 90 mph around Homestead Drive and Paddok Street. Outside of those areas, the storm brought wind speeds
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 83
ranging from 55-to-80 mph. The National Weather Service explained that for the area it affected, the microburst was as powerful as a category 2 hurricane, which is characterized by wind speeds of 96 to 100 mph. The microburst resulted from a violent storm which formed on a warm front to the south and moved into central Connecticut. While Glastonbury appeared to be the hardest hit, other parts of the state saw flash flooding and wind-related damage. About 17,000 homes and businesses powered by Connecticut Light & Power were without electricity as a result of the storm.
The most recent tornado activity in the region occurred on July 1 and July 10, 2013. According to the National Weather Service in Taunton, Massachusetts, an EF1 tornado with an estimated maximum wind speed of 86 miles per hour traveled 2.5 miles from Windsor Locks, crossed the Connecticut River and ended in East Windsor. The tornado which was estimated to be about 200 yards wide hit between 1:30 pm and 1:35 pm. Various news outlets reported that the tornado traveled through tobacco fields, flattening the crops and tearing netting off the crops and sending it onto trees, roofs and I-91. The tornado also knocked down a sports center bubble dome. Young campers at the center sought shelter in an adjacent building before the tornado struck. There were no injuries reported. Minutes later an EF0 tornado, with maximum wind speed of 65 mph, hit Enfield knocking down trees and fencing. On July 10
th , a tornado touched down in Andover about
5:20 pm and traveled eastward for over 30 minutes through Coventry and Mansfield. The tornado had maximum wind speeds of 90 miles per hour and was up to 100 yards wide. The same storm system caused a microburst which hit Tolland toppling numerous large trees.
The July 1, 2013 Tornado Credit: http://wjar.images.worldnow.com/images/22735124_BG1.jpg
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 84
Sports Dome Damage from July 1, 2013 Tornado in East Windsor. Credit: John Woike, Hartford Courant. http://articles.courant.com/2013-07-01/news/hc- tornado- warning-0702- 20130701_1_windsor-locks-tornado-rips-ef1
Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage
FUJITA SCALE DERIVED EF SCALE OPERATIONAL EF SCALE
F Number
Fastest 1/4-mile (mph)
3 Second Gust (mph)
EF Number
3 Second Gust (mph)
EF Number
3 Second Gust (mph)
0 40-72 45-78 0 65-85 0 65-85
1 73-112 79-117 1 86-109 1 86-110
2 113-157 118-161 2 110-137 2 111-135
3 158-207 162-209 3 138-167 3 136-165
4 208-260 210-261 4 168-199 4 166-200
5 261-318 262-317 5 200-234 5 Over 200
IMPORTANT NOTE ABOUT ENHANCED F-SCALE WINDS: The Enhanced F-scale still is a set of wind estimates (not measurements) based on damage judgments. Source: http://www.spc.noaa.gov/efscale/ef-scale.html
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 85
Table 16 displays a list of the tornadoes that occurred in Hartford and Tolland Counties from 1950 to 1995. The majority of tornadoes that touchdown in the Capitol Region are of a lesser intensity; however, the 1979 Windsor Locks tornado illustrates that the Region is vulnerable to tornadoes as strong as those that occur in the Midwest.
Table 16: Tornadoes in Hartford and Tolland Counties 1950-1995
Location of Touchdown Hour # Dead # Injured F Scale
Hartford County
August 21, 1951 1715 0 9 F2
May 10, 1954 1255 0 0 F2
October 24, 1955 1735 0 0 F1
June 19, 1957 1500 0 0 F1
May 30, 1959 1530 0 0 F1
May 24, 1962 1700 0 5 F3
October 3, 1970 1700 0 1 F1
June 28, 1973 1345 0 1 F1
August 31, 1973 1730 0 0 F2
September 6, 1973 1000 0 0 F2
October 3, 1979 1400 3 500 F4
July 5, 1984 1657 0 0 F2
August 4, 1992 1505 0 0 F0
June 29, 1994 1416 0 0 F0
Tolland County
August 20, 1951 1630 0 0 F2
May 10, 1954 930 0 2 F3
August 8, 1956 1630 0 0 F0
September 7, 1958 1610 0 2 F2
April 26, 1961 1115 0 0 F1
August 19, 1965 1705 0 0 F2
August 17, 1968 1800 0 0 F1
September 18, 1973 1208 0 0 F1
Source: The Tornado Project, www.tornadoproject.com
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 86
Figure 6: Tornado Tracks Across Connecticut
Approximate tracks of all tornadoes which affected Connecticut between 1950 and 1999, plotted with Fujita scale rankings. Derived from an image created using SeverePlot, free software maintained by John Hart, lead forecaster for the Storm Prediction Center.1950 to 1999 Tornado tracks. Source: Wikimedia
Earthquakes
Connecticut has a moderate risk of earthquakes based on the frequency of their occurrence, not
the intensity of individual earthquakes. Between 1568 and 1989, the state had 137 recorded earthquakes. According to records kept by Weston Observatory, between 1837 and 2012, sixteen earthquakes were recorded in the Capitol Region. These were centered in Hartford or East of the River. Of those where the magnitude was known, all were under magnitude 4.0. A strong earthquake centered in central Connecticut and thought to be 3.8 magnitude occurred on August 9, 1840. On August 23, 2011, a 5.8 magnitude earthquake struck 3.7 miles below the surface near Mineral, Virginia and was felt in the Capitol Region and beyond. A 4.0 magnitude earthquake centered near Portland, Maine hit on October 16, 2012 and was felt by some in Connecticut.
Earthquakes in Connecticut are intra-plate or intra-tectonic, as opposed to occurring at fault
lines. In these types of earthquakes, soil composition determines the magnitude of the impact. Soft soils and filled wetlands conduct energy better than bedrock. A magnitude 5.1 earthquake near Plattsburgh, New York in April 2002 was felt in Hartford and lower-lying areas in western Connecticut because of ground-motion amplification resulting from the soft soils located in these
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 87
areas. Many of the strongest earthquakes felt in Connecticut had epicenters in upstate New York, New Hampshire and Massachusetts.
Magnitude 3.0 to 3.9 earthquakes are often felt by people up to a hundred miles away from the
epicenter but rarely cause damage. Magnitude 4.0 to 4.9 earthquakes cause shaking of objects indoors but generally cause none to slight damage. Magnitude 5.0 to 5.9 earthquakes can cause moderate to major damage to poorly constructed buildings but none to slight damage to other buildings. Connecticut incorporated building codes for seismic activity into the state building code in 1992. There were no requirements prior to that. So, while the risk for a very damaging earthquake is relatively low in the region, some structures may be impacted by less intense earthquakes depending on the soil and integrity of the structure.
Figure 7: Earthquake Probabilities in New England
This map, produced by Boston College’s Weston Observatory, shows in green the areas in which there is a 66 percent chance that the next earthquake of magnitude 2.7 or greater will occur in New England. Source: Weston Observatory, http://www.bc.edu/research/westonobservatory/northeast/eqprobability.html
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 88
The map below, generated using a USGS earthquake probability mapping program, shows that there is a slight probability (between 0.01 and 0.02) that a magnitude 5.0 earthquake will strike the Capitol Region in the next 40 years.
Figure 8: Magnitude 5.0 Earthquake Probability Map
Source: USGS Geologic Hazards Science Center, https://geohazards.usgs.gov/eqprob/2009/index.php
Using FEMA’s Hazus-MH software, CRCOG analyzed several earthquake scenarios to estimate
the potential loss to property and life. (Copies of these Hazus-MH Earthquake Event Reports are included in the Appendix.) Several scenarios based on historic earthquakes were run. One scenario run was based on a 1998 5.2 magnitude earthquake centered in Pennsylvania and the results were typical for the modeling of historic earthquakes: No buildings or transportation and utility infrastructure were estimated to be damaged as a result of such an earthquake here. No fires were expected to result and no debris was expected to be generated as a result of the earthquake. Also, no injuries, deaths or displacements were expected to result from the quake. There were no economic losses estimated from such an earthquake scenario here.
We also ran a simulation of a magnitude 5.0 earthquake with an epicenter in Hartford. Such an
earthquake would be stronger than we would expect based on historical evidence and has a low probability of occurring. (Hazus-MH does not allow modeling of less intense earthquakes.) An
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 89
earthquake of this magnitude, however, would inflict considerable damage on the Capitol Region. Hazus estimates that over 12% of the buildings in the region or about 30,700 buildings would be at least moderately damaged and nearly 1000 buildings would be damaged beyond repair. Four hospitals, 89 schools, seven police stations, five fire stations and two emergency operations centers would suffer at least moderate damage although none would be completely damaged. Thirty bridges would be expected to be moderately damaged and one completely damaged. Numerous leaks and breaks in water, wastewater and natural gas lines would be expected. Power outages would be widespread. Four fires are estimated to be ignited due to the earthquake resulting in about $3 million in building losses. Over 4,000 people are likely to seek temporary shelter in public shelters. Depending on the time of day that the earthquake struck, 40 to 85 deaths could be expected. Thousands of people would sustain minor injuries and hundreds would need hospitalization. Total economic losses estimated for the earthquake would be $6.57 billion. Total building related losses were estimated at $5.51 billion with 47% of these losses attributed to residential properties.
If a 5.0 magnitude earthquake were centered in Moodus, an area of historic “rumblings,” the
effects on the Capitol Region would be considerably less severe. We ran a Hazus simulation of such an earthquake and found that only 1% of the buildings in the Capitol Region or about 2,200 buildings would be at least moderately damaged. Nearly 15 buildings would be damaged beyond repair. No hospitals, schools, police stations, fire stations, emergency operations centers or bridges would suffer at least moderate damage and none would be completely damaged. Some leaks and breaks in water, wastewater and natural gas lines would be expected but no power outages would be expected. Only one fire is estimated to be ignited due to the earthquake. About 100 people would be likely to seek temporary shelter in public shelters. One death would be expected. About 40 people would sustain minor injuries and only a few would need hospitalization. Total economic losses estimated for the earthquake would be about $300 million. Total building related losses were estimated at $272 million with over 55% of these losses attributed to residential properties.
These simulations highlight the significance of the location of the epicenter to the damages that
could be expected. A moderately strong earthquake centered near a more populated, built up area would be expected to result in considerably more damage than one located in a more remote area. Based on our history and geology, overall, the Capitol Region’s vulnerability to damaging earthquakes is low. The damages we are likely to face here from earthquakes are much lower than in other parts of the nation and world.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 90
Connecticut: Earthquake History According to the USGS, the lack of historical and instrumental reports of strong earthquakes in
Connecticut suggests that the State is a region of very minor seismic activity, even when compared to other States in the northeast region. Connecticut has, however, a history of earthquakes. The cause of earth noises or "rumblings" in the area near Moodus, a few miles north of East Haddam, have been a matter of scientific speculation for years. Native Indians called East Haddam Morehemoodus, or place of noises, and the town name "Moodus" derived from the Indian word.
The most severe earthquake in Connecticut's history occurred at East Haddam on May 16, 1791. Describing that earthquake an observer said: "It began at 8 o'clock p.m., with two very heavy shocks in quick succession. The first was the most powerful; the earth appeared to undergo very violent convulsions. The stone walls were thrown down, chimneys were untopped, doors which were latched were thrown open, and a fissure in the ground of several rods in extent was afterwards discovered. Thirty lighter ones followed in a short time and upwards of one hundred were counted in the course of the night.”
Historical records show the next moderate tremor occurred at Hartford in April 1837. “It jarred loose articles, set lamps swinging, and rang bells. Alarmed residents rushed from their homes into the streets.” In August 1840, an earthquake of similar intensity centered apparently 10 to 20 miles north of New Haven shook Hartford strongly, and was felt at many points in Connecticut. No damage resulted, however. At Chester, not far from East Haddam, observers compared the tremor "to the rumble of thunder."
The strongest tremor since that in 1791 hit near Hartford on November 14, 1925, at about 8 a.m. Plaster was knocked from walls, and many residents were frightened. At Windham, dishes were shaken from shelves, and at East Haddam, the familiar "Moodus" rumblings were noted. More recently, in March 1953, Stamford sustained a minor tremor that alarmed many. "Radiators beat a weird tattoo against the floor of the police station," notes one report. Houses were jarred, and earth noises were heard. The tremor caused no damage. An intensity V earthquake in southern Connecticut occurred on November 3, 1968, at about 3:30 in the morning. Plaster cracked at Madison, furniture shifter at Chester, and small items fell and broke. Loud earth noises accompanied the tremor. The Moodus noises were noted once again at East Haddam.
A few damaging shocks centered in neighboring states, and several Canadian tremors, have been felt in Connecticut over the past three hundred years. A devastating earthquake near Tros-Rivieres (Three Rivers), Quebec, on February 5, 1663, caused moderate effects in some areas of Connecticut. Massachusetts quakes in November 1727 and November 1755 were felt strongly by some in Connecticut. Both resulted in collapsed walls, toppled chimneys, and other damage common to most strong earthquakes at their epicenters.
The Timiskaming, Ontario, earthquake in November 1935 was quite noticeable in Connecticut and other New England States. Several cracked windowpanes were noted at Cornwall, Connecticut. Because of the sparse population, damage at the epicenter of this tremor was insignificant. However, an indication of its severity was the large felt area - one million square miles of Canada and the United States. An earthquake near Massena, New York, in September 1944 was also felt over a wide region. Mild effects were noticed by residents of Hartford, Marion, New Haven and Meriden, Connecticut. At its epicenter, the shock destroyed nearly all chimneys, crippled several buildings, and caused $2 million property damage in that region.
Source: Abridged from Earthquake Information Bulletin, January - February 1971. Taken from USGS Earthquakes Hazards Program website: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/connecticut/history.php
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 91
Drought
According to the American Planning Association, since 1980, drought has been the fourth most
common type of disaster in the United States but is the second most costly overall and per incident. Much of the United States was in the midst of a severe and persistent drought in 2012. This drought affected almost 40% of the country’s agricultural land and nearly a third of all farms. Although the eastern seaboard did not experience severe drought conditions in 2012, the impacts are likely to be felt nationwide. One expected consequence of the 2012 drought is an increase in the cost of food: 2013 prices are expected to rise by 2 to 4.5% for a variety of food products.
Droughts periodically occur in Connecticut and can have serious consequences. While a drought
does not pose immediate threats to life and property, it can have severe economic, environmental and social consequences. A lack of precipitation can affect not only agricultural production, but also tourism, water utilities, residential wells, businesses and more. See the following pages for a checklist of potential consequences from the National Drought Mitigation Center.
Scientists have classified types of droughts: meteorological, hydrological and agricultural.
Meteorological droughts are periods in which precipitation is below normal. In hydrological droughts, deficient precipitation, usually over a period of months, causes surface and subsurface waters to be low. It can take months to recover from hydrological droughts. Agricultural droughts occur during the growing season, when there is insufficient precipitation to support crop production. The region can recover from an agricultural drought more quickly than from a hydrological drought; however, an agricultural drought can result in significant economic losses for the agricultural community. Finally, a lack of precipitation is the primary cause for any drought; however, land use also influences the severity and timing of droughts. Areas with vast impervious-surface coverage inhibit groundwater recharge and can therefore hasten the on-set of a hydrological drought or increase its intensity.
Connecticut experienced notable droughts in 1957, 1964-67, 1980-81 and 2002. During the 2002
drought, several water utilities imposed mandatory water conservation and restriction measures on their customers, while most other companies imposed voluntary restrictions. Such restrictions can impact businesses as well as residences. The state responded to the 2002 drought by developing a drought management plan, which established monitoring and assessment protocols. (See the Drought Matrix below.) During the height of this drought, some municipalities conducted public outreach and education regarding water conservation.
A meteorological drought was most recently declared for Hartford, Tolland and Windham
Counties from April 12 through April 24, 2012 due to precipitation levels that were approximately half of normal levels. According to the NOAA Storm Events Database, rivers and streams were most affected as most ran at record low levels during the spring run-off season. The State did not issue a drought declaration, however, as reservoirs were at normal levels, thanks largely to above normal precipitation falling between August 2011 and November 2011. The main impact of this meteorological drought was periods of very high fire danger. In addition, small pond levels were reduced. While soil moisture was well below normal, this drought occurred prior to the beginning of the growing season. Thus, no agricultural impacts were realized.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 92
Figure 9: Connecticut Drought Matrix
Source: State of Connecticut Interagency Drought Work Group, www.ct.gov/waterstatus/cwp/view.asp?a=3238&q=397062
Rainfall in the first half of 2013 has been higher than normal and drought seems unlikely for the
near future. However, as the State’s draft Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update notes, predicting the future occurrences of drought within any given time period is difficult. As pointed out in the State draft plan, climate change acts to amplify natural hazards and extreme weather events have become more frequent over the past half century. Climate change can bring more intense heat waves which may result in more droughts. Drought remains a potential natural hazard for the Capitol Region. Also, as the State draft plan notes, because human actions can increase the risk of water shortages without any change in meteorological conditions, efforts to conserve water and reduce runoff can protect our water resources even in non-drought periods.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 93
Checklist of Potential Drought Impacts Economic: Costs and losses to agricultural and livestock producers— Annual and perennial crop losses Damage to crop quality Income loss for farmers due to reduced crop yields Reduced productivity of cropland (wind erosion, long-term loss of organic matter, etc.) Insect infestation Plant disease Wildlife damage to crops Increased irrigation costs Cost of new or supplemental water resource development (wells, dams, pipelines) Reduced milk production Forced reduction of foundation stock High cost/unavailability of water and/or feed for livestock Increased feed transportation costs High livestock mortality rates Disruption of reproduction cycles (delayed breeding, more miscarriages) Decreased stock weights Loss from timber production— Wildland fires Tree disease Insect infestation Impaired productivity of forest land Direct loss of trees, especially young ones Loss from fishery production— Damage to fish habitat Loss of fish and other aquatic organisms due to decreased flows General economic effects— Decreased land prices Loss to industries directly dependent on agricultural production Unemployment from drought-related declines in production Strain on financial institutions (foreclosures, more credit risk, capital shortfalls) Revenue losses to federal, state, and local governments (from reduced tax base) Reduction of economic development Fewer agricultural producers (due to bankruptcies, new occupations) Rural population loss Loss to recreation and tourism industry— Loss to manufacturers and sellers of recreational equipment Losses related to curtailed activities: hunting and fishing, bird watching, boating, etc. Energy-related effects— Increased energy demand and reduced supply because of drought-related power curtailments Costs to energy industry and consumers associated with substituting more expensive fuels (oil) for hydroelectric power Water suppliers— Revenue shortfalls and/or windfall profits Cost of water transport or transfer Cost of new or supplemental water resource development Transportation industry— Loss from impaired navigability of streams, rivers, and canals Decline in food production/disrupted food supply— Increase in food prices Increased importation of food (higher costs)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 94
Checklist of Potential Drought Impacts Environmental: Damage to animal species— Reduction and degradation of fish and wildlife habitat Lack of feed and drinking water Greater mortality due to increased contact with agricultural producers, as animals seek food from farms and producers are less tolerant of the intrusion Disease Increased vulnerability to predation (from species concentrated near water) Migration and concentration (loss of wildlife in some areas and too many wildlife in other areas) Increased stress to endangered species Loss of biodiversity Hydrological effects— Lower water levels in reservoirs, lakes, and ponds Reduced flow from springs Reduced stream flow Loss of wetlands Estuarine impacts (e.g., changes in salinity levels) Increased groundwater depletion, land subsidence, reduced recharge Water quality effects (salt concentration, increased water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity) Damage to plant communities— Loss of biodiversity Loss of trees from urban landscapes, shelterbelts, wooded conservation areas Increased number and severity of fires Wind and water erosion of soils, reduced soil quality Air quality effects (e.g., dust, pollutants) Visual and landscape quality (e.g., dust, vegetative cover, etc.)
Social: Health— Mental and physical stress (e.g., anxiety, depression, loss of security, domestic violence) Health-related low-flow problems (e.g., cross-connection contamination, diminished sewage flows, increased pollutant concentrations, reduced fire fighting capability, etc.) Reductions in nutrition (e.g., high-cost food limitations, stress-related dietary deficiencies) Loss of human life (e.g., from heat stress, suicides) Public safety from forest and wild land fires Increased respiratory ailments Increased disease caused by wildlife concentrations Increased conflicts— Water user conflicts Political conflicts Management conflicts Other social conflicts (e.g., scientific, media-based) Reduced quality of life, changes in lifestyle— Population migrations (rural to urban areas, migrants into the United States) Loss of aesthetic values Disruption of cultural belief systems (e.g., religious and scientific views of natural hazards) Reevaluation of social values (e.g., priorities, needs, rights) Public dissatisfaction with government drought response Perceptions of inequity in relief, possibly related to socioeconomic status, ethnicity, age, gender, seniority Loss of cultural sites Increased data/information needs, coordination of dissemination activities Recognition of institutional restraints on water use
Source: National Drought Mitigation Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, www.drought.unl.edu/portals/0/docs/checklist.pdf
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 95
Forest and Wildland Fires
Forest fires can cause not only long-term damage to vegetation and ecosystems, but also
damage to developments, especially as residential development has increased in woodland areas. The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Division of Forestry issues forest fire danger ratings. The ratings are: low, moderate, high, very high and extreme. These are based on an index of how quickly a fire is likely to spread and measures of drought. In addition, the National Weather Service issues “Red Flag” warnings. A Red Flag warning means that if a fire occurs, firefighters can expect it to behave erratically due to weather conditions.
There are three fire seasons in Connecticut. The spring season runs from mid-March to mid-
May. Prior to leaf-out, fuels such as grasses, dead leaves, branches and twigs on the forest floor, are heated and dried out by the sun. These fuels cause spring fires to tend to spread quickly, though they tend to cause little, long-term damage to the forest. The summer fire season lasts from mid- May through September and is largely dependent on precipitation, or lack thereof. Summer fires tend to spread less quickly than spring fires because they burn deeper into the ground. However, the burning of organic material in the soil makes summer fires more difficult to suppress. Summer fires are the most destructive to vegetation. Consequently, erosion usually follows summer forest fires. The fall fire season runs from October through the first snowfall. Fall fires can spread rapidly because of drying leaves that have fallen.
In the last twenty years, a few forest fires have occurred in the Capitol Region. Throughout
Connecticut, 1999 was a particularly busy fire year because of drought conditions. According to the DEEP, in an average year, forest fires burn approximately 1,000 acres of woodlands in the State. The State’s 2013 draft Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update notes that the worst year for wildland fires in the past decade was 2012 when 577 separate fire events occurred throughout the State. Following are descriptions of major forest fires within the Region, as reported in the Hartford Courant.
May 1995: A forest fire burned nearly 40 acres on a ridge near the Sweetheart Lake area of Tolland. Officials believed the fire was started accidentally. Unusually dry conditions contributed to the fire’s spread. Approximately 50 firefighters from seven departments laid nearly 2,000 feet of hose to contain the fire at its perimeter. April 1999: A brush fire in the Talcotville section of Vernon burned about 40 acres. Eight fire departments battled the blaze, hauling water in tanker trucks. The fire came within 100 feet of houses in a nearby neighborhood. April 2005: A fire burned about eight acres near the Farmington River in Avon. About 30 firefighters from five departments put the fire out. The DEP (predecessor of DEEP) Division of Forestry reported a “high” forest fire danger level for that day.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 96
Hazards Summary
The outline below summarizes the risks faced throughout the Capitol Region to the eight natural hazards evaluated in this plan update. The frequencies, potential impacts, vulnerable locations and likely economic losses of each natural hazard are presented. Following this outline is Table 17 which summarizes the vulnerabilities and key issues concerning these natural hazards each of the thirty communities of the Capitol Region face. Table 17 summarizes the concerns local officials identified during the plan update process relating to the impacts natural hazards have on the critical facilities, vulnerable locations and populations, and cultural assets of their communities.
Dam Failure
Frequency: The likelihood of dam failure is greatest in conjunction with
floods, hurricanes and earthquakes. Potential Impacts: Bodily harm and loss of life and property. A water shortage may
occur if a dam failure impacts an active reservoir. Vulnerable Locations: Stream reaches below dams. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and clean-up costs.
Drought
Frequency: A drought occurs about once every seven years or has a 14%
chance of occurrence in any given year. Potential Impacts: Water shortages, environmental and human health issues, and
increased risk of wildfires, especially in low-density, forested areas.
Vulnerable Locations: Entire region. Economic Loss: Agricultural and water-dependent businesses may experience
losses.
Earthquake
Frequency: A magnitude four or higher earthquake is likely to occur
approximately once every 25 years, or a 4% chance of occurrence in any given year.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 97
Potential Impacts: Minimal property and content damage. Vulnerable Locations: Entire region. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs.
Floods
Frequency: Major flooding of small rivers and loss of life can be expected
every 5-10 years throughout the State. Major flooding of larger rivers, such as the Connecticut and Farmington, with loss of life and structural damage can be expected once every 30 years.
Potential Impacts: Breached dams, street closures, power outages, utility damage,
property and content damage, basement flooding, bodily harm and death.
Vulnerable Locations: Flood prone and poorly drained areas. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and clean-up costs.
Forest and Wildland Fires
Frequency: Very low likelihood. Potential Impacts: Property and content damage, bodily harm and death. Vulnerable Locations: At the woodland/suburban interface. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and clean-up costs.
Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Frequency: A moderate category II hurricane can be expected to hit the
State once every ten years. A major category III or IV hurricane may hit before 2040, based on 20
th century trends. Hurricanes
are often downgraded to Tropical Storm status by the time they reach inland Connecticut.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 98
Potential Impacts: Street closures, power outages, tree damage, utilities damage,
property and content damage, bodily harm and death. Vulnerable Locations: Entire region but especially, flood prone and poorly drained
areas. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and clean-up costs.
Tornadoes and High Winds
Frequency: An average of three tornadoes every two years occur in the
State. Potential Impacts: Bodily harm and death, tree damage, utilities damage, property
and content damage. Vulnerable Locations: Entire region, although Hartford County is at highest risk. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and cleanup costs.
Severe Winter Storms
Frequency: A severe winter storm (Blizzard, Nor'easter, Ice storm) is likely
to occur once every five years or 20% chance of occurrence in any given year.
Potential Impacts: Street closures, power outages, schools closures, utility damage,
property and content damage, car accidents, tree damage, bodily harm and death.
Vulnerable Locations: Entire region. Economic Loss: Repair and replacement costs, business disruption, debris
removal and cleanup costs.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 99
Table 17: Summary of Local Vulnerabilities to Natural Hazards and Key Issues
Summary of Local Vulnerabilities to Natural Hazards
TOWN DAM
FAILURE DROUGHT EARTHQUAKE FLOODS
WILDLAND & FOREST
FIRES
HURRICANES & TROPICAL
STORMS
TORNADOES & HIGH WINDS
WINTER STORMS
OTHER CONCERNS/ COMMENTS/ISSUES
Andover SA VP
VP, SA SA
SA VP, CF Small municipal staff
Avon SA
CF, VP, SA
TW
TW
Floods and storms can block certain roads creating transportation and access issues
Bloomfield SA
SA, VP, CA SA VP, OC
OC
Debris management, transportation & access, non-resident public works staff
Bolton
SA
OC
OC
Power outages require generators for grinder pumps; experienced hail damage to crops & aluminum siding
Canton SA
VP, SA SA TW, SA
TW, SA, VP
North Canton - access and fire; 21 Dowd - access and power
East Granby
SA SA OC
OC Snow loads on flat roofs; areas with overhead wires
East Hartford
SA, VP, CF
VP, SA
Levee system upkeep; snow removal & storage; senior housing complexes; high heat strain on power system
Key: CF = Critical Facility Impact VP = Vulnerable Population Impact TW = Town Wide Impact
SA = Specific Area Affected CA = Cultural Assets Affected OC = Other Concerns
Note: This table summarizes the key issues local officials identified as concerns for their communit ies relating to natural hazards based on past occurrences of hazard events and the probability of impacts resulting from future events. Problem statements and additional details related to the concerns, risks and vulnerabilities of individual communities’ structures, systems, populations, and other community assets can be found in their respective Challenges description in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 100
TOWN DAM
FAILURE DROUGHT EARTHQUAKE FLOODS
WILDLAND & FOREST
FIRES
HURRICANES & TROPICAL
STORMS
TORNADOES & HIGH WINDS
WINTER STORMS
OTHER CONCERNS/ COMMENTS/ISSUES
East Windsor
SA VP
CF, VP, SA
CA CA CA Trolley Museum, Melrose Bridge
Ellington
VP, CF
SA CF, CA
TW, SA
Transportation & access issues to Crystal Lake area; most town facilities are located in close proximity to each other.
Enfield OC
SA
CF, SA, VP
CF
Communications - upstream dams; non-English speakers; group homes need generators
Farmington SA
SA, CF
TW, OC
TW, OC Transportation & access issues could affect evacuations
Glastonbury SA VP
SA, CF, CA
TW, OC
TW, OC Backup power for town center
Granby
SA, VF, CF SA OC
SA, OC Transportation & access, water wells (higher elevations)
Hartford
SA, CF SA VP
OC, CF MDC Clean Water Project; snow storage; snow loads on roofs
Key: CF = Critical Facility Impact VP = Vulnerable Population Impact TW = Town Wide Impact
SA = Specific Area Affected CA = Cultural Assets Affected OC = Other Concerns
Note: This table summarizes the key issues local officials identified as concerns for their communities relating to natural hazards based on past occurrences of hazard events and the probability of impacts resulting from future events. Problem statements and additional details related to the concerns, risks and vulnerabilities of individual communities’ structures, systems, populations, and other community assets can be found in their respective Challenges description in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 101
TOWN DAM
FAILURE DROUGHT EARTHQUAKE FLOODS
WILDLAND & FOREST
FIRES
HURRICANES & TROPICAL
STORMS
TORNADOES & HIGH WINDS
WINTER STORMS
OTHER CONCERNS/ COMMENTS/ISSUES
Hebron
CF, SA
CF SA CF, SA
CF, OC
Power outages impact wells, grinder pumps & schools, town hall; debris & snow storage
Manchester CF
CF, SA SA
Coordinate with neighboring communities re dams and brush fires
Marlborough
TW
SA SA VP, TW
VP, TW Power outages impact wells, & critical facilities
Newington SA
SA, OC
CF, VP, TW
Amtrak and Busway projects
Rocky Hill
SA, CF
VP
Coordination with State for snow removal, disaster recovery; State Building Code; backup power for town facilities
Simsbury
CF, VP
VP
VP Transportation & access; power outages
Somers
SA
CF
CF Power outages/sheltering capacities
South Windsor
SA TW CF SA, VP, CA
VP, TW, CF
VP, TW, CF
Power & communications outages, solar flares, debris management
Key: CF = Critical Facility Impact VP = Vulnerable Population Impact TW = Town Wide Impact
SA = Specific Area Affected CA = Cultural Assets Affected OC = Other Concerns
Note: This table summarizes the key issues local officials identified as concerns for their communit ies relating to natural hazards based on past occurrences of hazard events and the probability of impacts resulting from future events. Problem statements and additional details related to the concerns, risks and vulnerabilities of individual communities’ structures, systems, populations, and other community assets can be found in their respective Challenges description in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 102
TOWN DAM
FAILURE DROUGHT EARTHQUAKE FLOODS
WILDLAND & FOREST
FIRES
HURRICANES & TROPICAL
STORMS
TORNADOES & HIGH WINDS
WINTER STORMS
OTHER CONCERNS/ COMMENTS/ISSUES
Stafford SA
SA, CF, CA SA VP
Stormwater management & drainage; sheltering capacity
Suffield SA
SA
VP, CA
Street flooding: drainage & access; snow loads on roofs
Tolland
SA, VP SA VP, OC
Street flooding. Del-Aire Campground
Vernon
SA
CF
Back-up power for town facilities. Old mill buildings. Monitoring & alert systems
West Hartford
SA, CF CA TW SA, VP, CF
TW, VP TW TW Back-up power & sheltering
Wethersfield SA
CF, VP SA, CF, CA SA CF, VP, TW CF TW, CF Communications & back-up power
Windsor SA SA TW, CF SA, VP, CF, CA SA TW, CF, VP TW TW, CF,
VP Transportation & access; Heat waves
Windsor Locks
SA, CF, VP
VP
Stormwater & drainage; Back-up power; Heat waves; Emergency notifications
Key: CF = Critical Facility Impact VP = Vulnerable Population Impact TW = Town Wide Impact
SA = Specific Area Affected CA = Cultural Assets Affected OC = Other Concerns
Note: This table summarizes the key issues local officials identified as concerns for their communit ies relating to natural hazards based on past occurrences of hazard events and the probability of impacts resulting from future events. Problem statements and additional details related to the concerns, risks and vulnerabilities of individual communities’ structures, systems, populations, and other community assets can be found in their respective Challenges description in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 103
Section III: Mitigation Strategies
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 105
Natural Hazard Mitigation in the Capitol Region
In most cases, a severe natural hazard will affect several municipalities at once, though significant
variations with highly localized damage can occur. In addition to the inevitable regional effect of natural hazards, CRCOG staff recognized common existing strategies, concerns and mitigation needs in the course of working with individual member municipalities on this plan. Therefore, this section reviews existing mitigation strategies common to most, if not all, thirty municipalities and the region and discusses the challenges that are common throughout the region. Because of the regional nature of natural hazards and common concerns, some mitigation activities are better addressed at the regional level; however, the means to carry out certain activities may not be available to regional agencies, but are available to municipalities. This section discusses the capabilities and effectiveness of the existing authorities, policies, programs, and resources available to accomplish hazard mitigation. This section also examines the municipal and regional strategies proposed and evaluates the costs and benefits associated with the myriad actions considered. This section also establishes our regional goals and objectives for addressing natural hazards and sets out the mitigation strategies and actions that may best be undertaken on a regional level. Finally, summaries and analyses of the mitigation activities and projects proposed by the municipalities are presented.
Our Capabilities for Implementing Mitigation Actions
The Capitol Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) is the largest of Connecticut’s regional planning
organizations. CRCOG was established in 1968 under the Connecticut General Statutes as a voluntary association of municipal governments serving the City of Hartford and 28 surrounding suburban and rural communities. The Town of Stafford joined CRCOG in September 2010, bringing the total membership to 30 municipalities. The Capitol Region Council of Governments is governed by a Policy Board comprised of the mayors, first selectmen, and town council chairs of its 30 member municipalities. Our members have collaborated on a wide range of projects to benefit our towns individually and the region as a whole. CRCOG serves the Capitol Region and its member municipalities by:
Helping members improve governmental efficiency and save tax dollars through shared services and other direct service initiatives;
Promoting efficient transportation systems, responsible land use and preservation of land and natural resources and effective economic development;
Strengthening the Capitol City of Hartford as the core of a strong region, and as our economic, social and cultural center;
Strengthening our regional community by helping coordinate regional agencies and programs;
Advocating for the region and its towns with the State and Federal governments; and
Assisting local governments and citizens in articulating, advocating and implementing the vision, needs and values of their regional community.
To accomplish this work, CRCOG relies primarily on grants and member dues. CRCOG is not permitted to borrow money or issue debt in any form. As a regional planning organization, CRCOG does not have the ability to enact regulations, levy taxes or undertake construction projects.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 106
Each of CRCOG’s member municipalities has a broad scope of government authorities and powers including the ability to tax; establish laws, ordinances and regulations; exercise eminent domain; provide police protection; and establish, construct and maintain public facilities including roads, sewers, drainage and utilities. Municipal powers are outlined in the Connecticut General Statutes Sec. 7-148 (http://www.cga.ct.gov/2011/pub/chap098.htm#Sec7-148.htm). The table below outlines the governing structures of CRCOG’s thirty municipal members.
Table 18: Capitol Region Member Communities’ Municipal Governmental Structures
Municipal Governmental Structure
Municipality Legislative Body Chief Executive Officer
Andover Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Avon Town Council Town Manager
Bloomfield Town Council Town Manager
Bolton Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Canton Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
East Granby Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
East Hartford Town Council Mayor
East Windsor Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Ellington Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Enfield Town Council Town Manager
Farmington Town Council Town Manager
Glastonbury Town Council Town Manager
Granby Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Hartford City Council Mayor
Hebron Board of Selectmen Chairman
Manchester Board of Directors General Manager
Marlborough Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Newington Town Council Mayor
Rocky Hill Town Council Town Manager
Simsbury Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Somers Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
South Windsor Town Council Town Manager
Stafford Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Suffield Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Tolland Town Council Town Manager
Vernon Town Council Mayor
West Hartford Town Council Town Manager
Wethersfield Town Council Town Manager
Windsor Board of Selectmen 1st Selectman
Windsor Locks Town Council Town Manager
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 107
Existing Strategies
Regional Cooperation and Services
The thirty municipalities participating in this planning process are members of the Capitol Region Council of Governments, a regional agency in which member communities have collaborated for over thirty years on a range of projects to benefit the municipalities individually and the region as a whole. This institutional experience and capacity allows CRCOG to provide services which can advance hazard mitigation throughout the region such as service sharing, cooperative purchasing and bidding services; public safety planning, training and collaboration; data analysis and sharing; transportation studies and planning and traffic incident management; and land use and natural resources conservation planning. Through these services, CRCOG helps member municipalities save tax dollars, coordinate efforts, and enhance operating efficiencies. Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP)
The purpose of the Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP) is to provide a framework for the 42 DEMHS Region 3 communities and agencies to collaborate in planning, communication, information sharing, and coordination activities before, during, or after a regional emergency. The goal of this effort is to enhance the ability of each municipality to meet their emergency management objectives, which can be described as:
• maximize the preservation of life and property • correct or alleviate, as expeditiously as possible, serious disaster or emergency-related conditions
which present continued threats to the health or welfare of the residents of Region 3, and • facilitate a return to normalcy by all practical means.
Emergency Alerting and Notification Systems All of the CRCOG communities currently have a reverse notification system. This may be part of or
an addition to the CT Alert Emergency Alerting and Notification System offered by the State of Connecticut. This emergency notification system, which relies on GIS technologies, will allow communities in the Region to alert residents to impending natural hazards, thereby reducing risks to life and property. According to the CTALERT.gov website, all Capitol Region municipalities except East Windsor currently subscribe to the CTAlert system. East Windsor is served by an E9-1-1 dispatch center (PSAP) which uses its own emergency notification system for local alerts. All citizens in Connecticut however can register with CTAlert to receive emergency notifications that are sent statewide.
National Flood Program, FEMA Flood Maps and Floodplain Regulations
The thirty Capitol Region municipalities have participated in FEMA’s National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) for at least thirty years and all are in good standing in the program. It is the intention of all municipalities in the region to continue participation in the NFIP including continued compliance and enforcement on the local level of all NFIP requirements. (See Table 19 below for the latest information on current flood insurance rate maps). All thirty municipalities have adopted floodplain management regulations that have helped to prevent increased flood risks from new developments. Most municipalities in the region incorporate floodplain regulations in their zoning regulations; others provide separate ordinances for floodplain regulation. (See Table 19 below.) The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) periodically reviews these municipal regulations for conformance to the latest Flood Insurance Studies, FEMA flood maps and model flood hazard regulations. Chapter 124, Section 8-2 l of the Connecticut General Statutes governs the municipal regulation of development within floodplains as defined by the National Flood Insurance Program.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 108
Table 19: Community Participation in National Flood Program
Community ID
Municipality County Initial FHBM
Identified Initial FIRM Identified
Current Effective Map Date
090161# ANDOVER TOLLAND 04/18/75 02/03/82 02/03/82
090021# AVON HARTFORD 01/23/74 05/16/77 09/16/11
090122# BLOOMFIELD HARTFORD 02/01/74 08/15/77 09/16/11
090109# BOLTON TOLLAND 06/07/74 06/01/81 06/01/81
090135# CANTON HARTFORD 08/02/74 08/01/79 09/16/11
090025# EAST GRANBY HARTFORD 05/31/74 01/06/82 09/16/11
090026# EAST HARTFORD HARTFORD 12/28/73 12/18/79 09/16/11
090027# EAST WINDSOR HARTFORD 11/16/73 04/03/78 09/16/11
090158# ELLINGTON TOLLAND 11/01/74 03/15/82 02/05/97
090028# ENFIELD HARTFORD 04/05/74 03/28/80 09/16/11
090029# FARMINGTON HARTFORD 06/28/74 08/15/77 09/16/11
090125# GRANBY HARTFORD 07/19/74 02/15/80 09/16/11
090124# GLASTONBURY HARTFORD 04/20/73 06/15/78 09/16/11
095080# HARTFORD HARTFORD 07/01/70 07/01/74 09/16/11
090162# HEBRON TOLLAND 11/29/74 10/15/81 03/18/91
090031# MANCHESTER HARTFORD 05/24/74 08/16/82 09/16/11
090148# MARLBOROUGH HARTFORD 07/19/74 05/17/82 09/16/11
090033# NEWINGTON HARTFORD 07/26/74 10/16/79 09/16/11
090142# ROCKY HILL HARTFORD 06/07/74 08/01/80 09/16/11
090035# SIMSBURY HARTFORD 08/02/74 05/16/77 09/16/11
090112# SOMERS TOLLAND 08/02/74 02/17/82 08/16/06
090036# SOUTH WINDSOR HARTFORD 08/16/74 05/01/80 09/16/11
090152# STAFFORD TOLLAND 08/09/74 06/01/82 06/01/82
090038# SUFFIELD HARTFORD 08/02/74 08/15/79 09/16/11
090171# TOLLAND TOLLAND 01/31/75 04/01/82 04/01/82
090131# VERNON TOLLAND 01/04/74 12/04/79 08/09/99
095082# WEST HARTFORD HARTFORD NA 07/01/74 09/16/11
090040# WETHERSFIELD HARTFORD 05/11/73 05/02/77 09/16/11
090042# WINDSOR LOCKS HARTFORD 06/28/74 01/03/79 09/16/11
090041# WINDSOR HARTFORD 10/05/73 09/29/78 09/16/11
Source: FEMA National Flood Insurance Program Community Status Book Information downloaded from www.fema.gov/cis/CT.pdf - 2012-03-28 on March 29, 2012
The National Flood Insurance Program offers an additional voluntary program, the Community Rating System (CRS), which provides discounts on flood insurance premiums to property owners. The CRS recognizes a community’s efforts which go beyond the minimum standards for floodplain management by reducing flood insurance premiums from 5% to 45% depending on the number and type of activities undertaken in the community. These activities may include issuing elevation certificates for new construction in floodplains; outreach to property owners; maintaining flood and property data digitally; stormwater management regulations; open space preservation; and a host of other activities, many of which may be currently undertaken in a community. In the Capitol Region, only West Hartford currently participates in the CRS. A number of other municipalities have, however,
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 109
identified participation in the CRS as a mitigation action they will consider in this plan update. In the 2008 Plan, several communities identified investigating participation in the CRS program but were unable to advance this effort significantly. The limited progress made was generally due to constraints on the municipalities’ ability to commit personnel to fully explore the program and its impact on and relevance to the community. Interest in the program continues, however. Eight communities (Granby, Hartford, Simsbury, Somers, South Windsor, Vernon, Wethersfield and Windsor) expressed an interest in undertaking this activity in the 2014-2019 planning period. CRCOG hopes that by assisting these communities, as well as others, through passing on notices of FEMA sponsored training opportunities and arranging for a local workshop, we can give added impetus to these efforts.
Table 20: Municipal Floodplain Regulations
Municipality Regulation/Ordinance Reference
Andover Zoning Regulations Section 10
Avon Zoning Regulations Section III G
Bloomfield Zoning Regulations Article 5.1
Bolton Zoning Regulations Section 3.A.18
Canton Zoning Regulations Article V. Section 53
East Granby Zoning Regulations Section III E
East Hartford Zoning Regulations Article VI Section 601
East Windsor Zoning Regulations Chapter VIII Section 810
Ellington Zoning Regulations Article 5
Enfield Zoning Regulations Article VIII Section 8.50
Farmington Zoning Regulations Article II. Sections 15, 16, 17
Glastonbury Zoning Regulations Section 4.11
Granby Zoning Regulations Section 8.18
Hartford Zoning Regulations Article III. Division 21 FP
Hebron Zoning Regulations Section 8.10
Manchester Zoning Regulations Article II Section 19
Marlborough Code of Ordinances Ordinance J. Flood Plain Management
Newington Zoning Regulations Section 6.3
Rocky Hill Zoning Regulations, Town Code
Section 5.2, Chapter 141
Simsbury Zoning Regulations Article 7. Section M
Somers Zoning Regulations Article XV Section 214.84
South Windsor Zoning Regulations Article 5. Section 5.2
Stafford Zoning Regulations Section 5.20
Suffield Zoning Regulations Section 5. K.
Tolland Zoning Regulations Article XII Section 12
Vernon Zoning Regulations Section 5
West Hartford Code of Ordinances Chapter 177 – Zoning: Section 177-8
Wethersfield Zoning Regulations Article IV. Section 4.2
Windsor Code of Ordinances Chapter 3, Article III
Windsor Locks Zoning Regulations Section 223 (Appendix A)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 110
Options for Mitigating Flood Losses
Floods are inevitable, but there are many different approaches that can help reduce
flood losses. One common approach in the past has been to intensively manage river channels, by armoring and dredging and through the construction of berms, levees, and floodwalls. In addition to being very costly, these traditional engineering solutions often fail, leading to even more extensive and costly flood damages. This approach has been shown to be unsustainable, and has led to the situation we are in today, trapped in an escalating cycle of increasing flood damages and costly repairs. In addition, this engineering approach has negative impacts on the ecological health of river systems and the wildlife they support.
In recent decades, more environmentally-friendly river restoration techniques
(including “natural channel design”) have gained popularity. While these techniques still try to control riverine processes, they attempt to employ a more natural channel configuration. These restoration techniques can be an effective tool for mitigating fluvial erosion hazards by slowing bank erosion or limiting lateral channel migration. The high cost of designing and installing restoration projects limit the usefulness of restoration as a general approach to flood hazard mitigation. In addition, restoration projects are prone to failure, either during high flow events, or because the design may not have been compatible with river processes.
Another approach to mitigate flood losses is to remove or relocate existing
structures which are threatened by flood hazards. Removal of structures from hazardous areas can be an effective approach when it is feasible. While removal or relocation is effective, it is generally far too costly to be applied at a broad scale. In addition, many large structures, particularly transportation infrastructure or public facilities, are rarely feasible to remove or relocate. Retrofitting, another engineering approach (which includes elevating and flood proofing) is appropriate for mitigating inundation hazards but is ineffective in addressing fluvial erosion hazards.
In sum, river management alternatives include stabilization practices, retrofit or
removal of existing structures, active restoration, and avoidance. The most cost- effective way to mitigate flood hazards is avoidance: limiting human investments in river corridors. In addition to preventing future flood losses to structures built in hazardous areas, this approach limits constraints on a river, allowing them over time to achieve a more stable, equilibrium condition.
Source: Municipal Guide to Fluvial Erosion Hazard Mitigation, River Management Program Vermont Agency of Natural
Resources, file:///K:/NOAA-CT%20River/VTrv_floodhazard.htm
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 111
Stormwater and Erosion Control By statute (Section 22a-325 – 22a-329 of the CGS), all municipalities in Connecticut are required to
adopt regulations pertaining to soil erosion and sediment control and all applications for proposed development which will disturb more than a half acre must include a soil erosion and sediment control plan. The DEEP has guidelines which serve as the technical standard for compliance with the statute. The Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual provides guidance on site planning, source control and stormwater practices, including the design, construction and maintenance of stormwater systems, to protect the quality of Connecticut waters. The practices detailed in the Manual aim to reduce the volume of urban runoff and pollutant discharges, recharge groundwater and control peak flows. These types of stormwater best practices not only protect water quality, but also minimize flooding risks. The Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control also detail specific measures that can reduce the damages and pollution associated with erosion and sedimentation, while simultaneously reducing flooding risks. In 2012, the State DEEP updated the Manual and Guidelines to incorporate appendices on Low Impact Development (LID). Low Impact Development manages stormwater by designing with nature in mind. LID techniques seek to retain stormwater close to where it falls thus keeping runoff out of pipes that drain to waterways. CRCOG encourages its member municipalities to adopt and enforce regulations that would require new development to implement these types of best practices in as far as is possible.
Open Space Acquisition
The permanent preservation of undeveloped land can help support natural hazard mitigation efforts by preventing development in areas prone to natural hazards such as floodplains and wildland/urban interfaces. The State of Connecticut has established a goal of preserving 21 percent (or 673,210 acres) of the state’s land area for open space for public recreation and natural resource conservation and preservation by 2023. To-date, the State has preserved 255,030 acres throughout Connecticut. In the Capitol Region approximately 18% (or more than 94,116 acres of the region’s 525,032 total acres) have been preserved.
The statute governing open space preservation, CGS section 23-8, divides responsibility for meeting this goal between the State (10% or 320,576 acres) and municipalities, non-profit land conservation organizations and water utilities (11% or 352,634 acres).The State provides financial assistance to municipalities, conservation organizations and water utilities to help them acquire land under a competitive grant program. Funding through the DEEP Open Space and Watershed Land Acquisition Grant Program is usually available every two years. According to the Connecticut Council on Environmental Quality’s (CEQ) 2012 Annual Report, in 2012, State grants helped municipalities and land trusts acquire 740 acres. In 2012, in the Capitol Region, municipalities or organizations in Bloomfield, Canton, Bolton, Enfield, Hebron, Manchester, Simsbury, Somers, Tolland and Vernon were awarded funds for land acquisition. In 2010, in the Capitol Region, municipalities or organizations in Bloomfield, Canton, Ellington, Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Hebron, Simsbury, Somers, and Tolland were awarded funds for land acquisition. CRCOG assists municipalities and land trusts in their efforts to secure grants by writing letters of support on their behalf to the DEEP. The state grant program requires a local match be provided. Some municipalities have passed bond referenda and some local trusts have established fund raising programs to provide local resources for open space acquisition. At times these resources are used to provide the local match for the state grant; at other times they are used to acquire lands without state assistance.
Open space acquisition can be an effective means of preventing development in vulnerable areas, however, the CEQ 2012 Annual Report states that Connecticut is not on track for meeting its open space
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 112
preservation goal. While the report notes that probably thousands of acres are preserved by municipalities and land trusts in some years, there is no means to accurately track these acquisitions. To remedy the lack of an accurate inventory of open space, a new law, PA No. 12-52, An Act Concerning the State’s Open Space Plan, was passed in 2012 which should eventually lead to an accurate inventory of preserved lands.
Conservation easements can also be granted to land trusts and municipalities for the purpose of preserving and preventing development on environmentally sensitive lands. Municipalities often acquire conservation easements through the land development approval process. Conservation easements constitute a legally binding agreement that limits certain types of uses or prevents development on land which remains privately held. Regulation of Wetlands and Watercourses
Activities in wetlands areas and watercourses are regulated under Chapter 440 (Sec. 22a-28 – Sec. 22a-45d) of the Connecticut General Statutes. Under this statute, each municipality is required to establish an inland wetlands agency, identify boundaries of inland wetlands and watercourse areas, promulgate regulations to protect the inland wetlands and watercourses within its boundaries, and require that no regulated activities shall be conducted without a permit. All municipalities in the region have established inland wetlands agencies (see Table 20) and have enacted inland wetlands and watercourses regulations. According to the Connecticut Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), between 60 and 90 acres of inland wetlands were altered statewide by development from 2004 until 2011 when the rate spiked to more than 200 acres. (Detailed data are not available to the public or CEQ.) Also according to CEQ, municipal agencies, which issue 95 percent of all inland wetlands permits, have become more conserving of wetlands in recent years. CEQ attributes this increased protectiveness to the completion of wetlands training programs by municipal agency members and staff. Plans of Conservation and Development
Regional planning agencies and municipalities are required by state law (Chapter 127, Section 8- 35a and Chapter 126, Sec. 8-23, respectively) to update plans of conservation and development every ten years. These plans outline the policies and goals for physical and economic development of the region or municipality. (See Table 21.)
Table 21: Municipal Land Use Agencies and Plans
Municipality Current Plan of Conservation & Development
Agency Responsible for Enacting Zoning
Regulations Designated Inland Wetlands Agency
Andover 2005-2015 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Commission
Avon Adopted 2006
(Last amended 2013) Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Commission
Bloomfield 2012-2022 Plan & Zoning Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Commission
Bolton 2005-2015 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Commission
Canton 2014-2024 Zoning Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Commission
East Granby 2004-2014 Planning & Zoning
Commission Conservation Commission
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 113
Municipality Current Plan of Conservation & Development
Agency Responsible for Enacting Zoning
Regulations Designated Inland Wetlands Agency
East Hartford 2003-2013
(Update is currently under way) Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands/Environment
Commission
East Windsor 2004-2014 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Watercourse Agency
Ellington 2008-2018 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Agency
Enfield 2011-2021 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Agency
Farmington 2008-2018 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetland Commission
Glastonbury 2007-2017 Town Council Conservation Commission/Inland
Wetlands and Watercourses Agency
Granby 2005-2015
(Last amended 2007) Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Commission
Hartford 2010-2020 Planning & Zoning
Commission Planning & Zoning Commission
Hebron 2004-2014
(Update is currently under way) Planning & Zoning
Commission Conservation Commission/ Inland
Wetland Agency
Manchester 2013-2023 Planning & Zoning
Commission
Planning & Zoning Commission/Inland Wetlands
Commission
Marlborough 2009-2019 Zoning Commission Conservation Commission
Newington 2010- 2020 Planning & Zoning
Commission Conservation Commission/
Inland Wetlands Commission
Rocky Hill 2001-2011
(Update is currently under way) Planning & Zoning
Commission Open Space & Conservation
Commission
Simsbury 2007-2017 Zoning Commission Conservation Commission/ Inland
Wetlands Agency
Somers 2004-2014 Zoning Commission Conservation Commission
South Windsor 2013-2023
Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands
Agency/Conservation Commission
Stafford 2012-2022 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Commission
Suffield 2010-2020
(Amended 2012) Zoning & Planning
Commission Conservation Commission
Tolland 2006-2016 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands & Watercourses
Commission
Vernon 2012-2022 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands Commission
West Hartford 2009-2019 Town Plan & Zoning
Commission Town Plan & Zoning Commission
Wethersfield 2013-2023 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Commission
Windsor 2004-2014
(Amended 2008; Update is currently under way)
Town Planning & Zoning Commission
Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission
Windsor Locks 2007-2017 Planning & Zoning
Commission Inland Wetlands and Watercourses
Commission
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 114
State Building Code
Connecticut municipalities employ the 2005 State Building Code which is periodically amended. According to the Connecticut Department of Construction Services, the 2013 Amendment to the State Building Code is proposed to be adopted on October 1, 2013. The 2013 Amendment includes the 2009 International Residential Code and the 2011 National Fire Protection Association 70: National Electric Code along with the Connecticut Code changes. Also, a new State Building Code is planned for adoption in 2015 and will include 2012 International Building, Existing Building, Plumbing, Mechanical, Energy Conservation, and Residential Codes, 2014 National Electrical Code (NFPA 70), and a supplement of Connecticut specific items. The Code incorporates the standards in high-wind design and seismic activity appropriate for the State. Local building officials are bound by the State Code. Through local implementation of the State Building Code, Capitol Region municipalities help reduce the risks associated with natural hazards in new developments. Dam Safety
The Dam Safety Section of the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection’s Inland Water Resources Division enforces the state’s dam safety laws. The Dam Safety Office administers the inspection of existing dams, dikes or similar structures, and the permitting process for the construction, repair or alteration of dams. The Office inspects hundreds of dams annually based on their classification and potential risk to life and property, and then targets a limited number of lower hazard dams for inspection on a rolling basis. Any dams deemed unsafe upon inspection must be repaired by the owner. The Office of Dam Safety works to minimize the potential damage of dam breaches.
According to Connecticut’s 2010 Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update,
Dams which receive Dam Construction permits for repair and/or reconstruction are designed to pass at least the 100-year rainfall event with one foot of freeboard (a factor of safety against overtopping). The most critical and hazardous dams are required to meet a spillway design standard much higher than passing the runoff from a 100-year rainfall event. Although not all of the dams under DEP jurisdiction have been shown to be able to withstand the 100-year rainfall event, most of the dams meet this standard due to original design requirements or recent spillway upgrades. For the most part if smaller rainfall events, i.e., the 10-year and 25-year events occur more frequently there will be little impact on the ability of Connecticut dams to operate safely.
As more and more state owned and privately owned dams get repaired, the number of dams that will not meet the state minimum requirements for spillway design diminishes. However, the average age of all dams in Connecticut increases and we should remain vigilant.
Levees
There are levees in the City of Hartford and the Town of East Hartford which provide invaluable flood protection for the residents and businesses of those municipalities. In East Hartford, a nearly 4 mile long levee runs along the east side of the Connecticut River and north of the Hockanum River keeping flood waters from over 728 acres of land generally west of Main Street. In Hartford, a 7.27 mile long levee runs along the west side of the Connecticut River providing coverage for over 2,176 acres of
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 115
land. Also in Hartford, a .14 mile long levee runs along the Park River providing flood coverage for over 200 acres on the west side of the City. (See the map below.) These levees were constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and are overseen by the USACE Levee Safety Program but the municipalities are responsible for operations and maintenance. The levee systems are periodically inspected. Each received a minimally acceptable inspection rating in 2012 signaling that one or more inspection items were rated as unacceptable but an engineering determination concluded these issues would not prevent the system from performing as intended during the next flood event. The municipalities have proposed measures to address the identified inspection issues.
Figure 10: Leveed Areas in East Hartford and Hartford
Source: USACE National Levee Database, http://nld.usace.army.mil
USDA Assistance
Several towns within the Region have used the technical and financial assistance of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) to minimize damages from natural disasters. The Emergency Watershed Program provides financial and technical assistance to the state and towns to address dangerous problems that result from natural hazards. The Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention program provides technical assistance in designing and planning for structural measures to reduce flooding damage. The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection then assists in the actual installation of planned measures.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 116
Forest Fire Aid There are procedures in place for requesting assistance or other resources to aid in responding to all
hazards including forest and wild land fires. In the State of Connecticut, the first responding authority would be the local jurisdiction. If there is a need for additional aid or resources beyond the local capabilities, the Intrastate Mutual Aid Compact (CGS Sec. 28-22a) outlines the process for requesting assistance. If regional resources are depleted, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection’s Division of Forestry may be requested to assist local fire departments in suppressing wildland fires. The Forestry Division maintains an active forest fire prevention program and a specially- trained force of fire fighting personnel to combat fires that ravage an average of 1,300 acres of forestland per year. During the spring fire season and at other times of high or above fire danger, the Division broadcasts daily predictions of fire danger and issues advisories to state park staff, municipalities, fire departments and the media. The Division also has crews ready to assist the US Forest Service in controlling large fires across the nation. Summary of Effectiveness of Existing Strategies, Authorities, Policies, Programs and Resources
The communities of the Capitol Region have a variety of tools and resources to draw upon to prepare for and mitigate the impacts of natural hazards. Connecticut municipalities are enabled with a broad scope of government authorities and powers including the ability to tax; establish laws, ordinances and regulations; exercise eminent domain; provide police protection; and establish, construct and maintain public facilities and infrastructure. The municipalities have established commissions and boards to undertake their planning, zoning, inland wetlands, development, and conservation responsibilities. These commissions and boards are supported by professional staff and/or consultants. Local communities also have either full-time or volunteer fire departments. Police services are provided by a local department in most communities; however, in smaller communities, a resident state trooper may provide police services. Most municipalities also have public works or highway departments and building inspection departments.
While much has been accomplished to implement natural hazard mitigation throughout the region,
because of local governments’ broad range of responsibilities and financial limitations, resources may not be applied to natural hazard mitigation at a level which allows the communities to accomplish all their proposed mitigation actions within the timeframes proposed. Networks for collaboration among government agencies at the local, state and federal level, as well as with regional agencies and various organizations also have been established and are effective in supporting and supplementing the capabilities of individual communities. The ability of communities and the CRCOG to receive state and federal grants and other assistance also improves the effectiveness of local and regional hazard mitigation efforts.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 117
Resources
The following sources of funding and technical assistance may be available for the mitigation
projects identified by each community.
General Hazard Mitigation
FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) – funding for hazard mitigation projects following a presidentially declared disaster. More information on the HMGP program can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/hazard-mitigation-grant-program and at http://www.ct.gov/demhs/cwp/view.asp?a=4062&q=515030.
FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation Grant Program (PDM) – funding for hazard mitigation projects on a nationally competitive basis. More information on the PDM program can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/pre-disaster-mitigation-grant-program and at http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=325654&deepNav_GID=1654
U. S. Small Business Administration – Disaster Loan Program – provides funding to
individuals, businesses and non-profits including relocation loans. More information can be found at: http://www.sba.gov/content/disaster-loan-program
U. S. Economic Development Administration-Disaster Recovery –EDA assists local
governments affected by disasters. More information can be found at: http://www.eda.gov/disasterrecovery.htm
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development - CDBG Disaster Recovery Assistance-
HUD provides flexible grants to help cities, counties and States recover from presidentially declared disasters, especially in low-income areas, subject to availability of supplemental appropriations. More information can be found at: http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/comm_planning/communityd evelopment/programs/drsi
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development – CDBG Program – generally CDBG
funds to municipalities can be used as local match for other federal assistance granted for disaster mitigation provided the activity meets all applicable CDBG requirements. More information can be found at: http://portal.hud.gov/hudportal/HUD?src=/program_offices/comm_planning/communityd evelopment/programs
Connecticut Department of Housing CDBG Small Cities Program- This federally funded
program provides funding to municipalities with populations of less than 50,000 for a variety of activities including acquisition of property, relocation, public facilities and improvements, code enforcement, planning and capacity building, among other uses. More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/doh/cwp/view.asp?a=4513&q=530474
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 118
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) Open Space and Watershed Land Acquisition Grant Program – provides financial assistance to municipalities and nonprofit land conservation organizations to acquire open space. More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2706&q=323836&deepNav_GID=1641.
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) Nonpoint Source
Management Grant Program – provides grants for the prevention, control and/or abatement of nonpoint source pollution. Funded under Section 319(h) of the Federal Clean Water Act. More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2719&q=325594&deepNav_GID=1654
Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection, Division of
Emergency Management and Homeland Security – provides strategic planning and grant assistance. More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/demhs/cwp/.
Connecticut Land Conservation Council – can provide funding and advice on additional sources of
funding to local land trusts for open space acquisition. More information can be found at: http://www.ctconservation.org/fundingprograms.
AmeriCorps – service project teams may be available to assist with projects such as surveying,
tree planting, restoration, construction, and environmental education. More information on AmeriCorps can be found at: http://www.americorps.gov/for_organizations/overview/index.asp and at http://www.nationalservice.gov/profiles2013/state_profiles_detail.asp?tbl_profiles_state=CT.
Flood Mitigation
FEMA Flood Mitigation Assistance (FMA) Program – grants for flood hazard mitigation planning and projects such as property acquisition, relocation of residents, and flood retrofitting. More information can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/flood-mitigation-assistance-program.
FEMA National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating System, http://www.fema.gov/national-flood-insurance-program-community-rating-system
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Flood Risk Management Program – 50/50 match funding for
flood proofing and flood preparedness projects. More information can be found at: http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/Missions/FloodRiskManagement/FloodRiskManagemen tProgram.aspx
U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Emergency Watershed
Protection and Watershed and Flood Prevention Operations Programs – technical and financial assistance to reduce or prevent flood damage, reduce soil erosion and improve water quality. More information can be found at: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/programs/landscape/wfpo/ and at http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/ct/programs/financial/ewp/
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 119
Capitol Region Council of Governments - Assistance to municipalities for road and bridge projects
which could include related drainage improvements. Funding for this assistance is through federal and state sources and subject to specific program requirements. More information can be found at: http://www.crcog.org/transportation/tip_proj/project.html and at http://www.crcog.org/publications/TransportationDocs/2011-1104MunicipalFundingSources.pdf
Hurricane Mitigation
FEMA Mitigation Assessment Team Program - technical assistance to state and local governments provided through reports and technical manuals based on assessments of building performance in response to disasters. More information can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/mitigation- assessment-team-program.
Wildfire Mitigation
Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program – grants are provided to fire departments to enhance their ability to protect the public and fire service personnel from fire and related hazards. More information can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/welcome-assistance-firefighters-grant- program
Dams and Levees
Association of State Dam Safety Officials- Website with advice and information on dam safety. More information can be found at: http://www.damsafety.org/
Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) Dam Safety Program - More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=325634&deepNav_GID=1654
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Levee Program – Information on levee safety, risk assessment and risk reduction. More information can be found at: http://www.usace.army.mil/Missions/CivilWorks/LeveeSafetyProgram/USACEProgramLevees.aspx
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 120
Power Outages
State of Connecticut, Microgrid Program – An initial award of $18 million was announced in 2013 for nine microgrid projects in Connecticut including one in Hartford’s Parkville neighborhood and one for the University of Hartford and St. Francis Hospital. An additional $15 million in funding to continue microgrid work was authorized as part of the State’s FY14-FY15 Biennial Budget. More information can be found at: http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?Q=534450&A=4380 and at http://www.governor.ct.gov/malloy/cwp/view.asp?Q=529952&A=4010.
FEMA Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) – funding for hazard mitigation projects following a presidentially declared disaster including for the purchase and installation of generators for critical facilities. More information on the HMGP program can be found at: http://www.fema.gov/hazard-mitigation-grant-program and at http://www.ct.gov/demhs/cwp/view.asp?a=4062&q=515030.
Vulnerable Populations
The information on the following pages is provided courtesy of Shirley Bergert, Connecticut Legal Services, Inc.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 121
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 122
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 123
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 124
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 125
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 126
Challenges
The following challenges faced by local communities in implementing hazard mitigation measures
are common to most municipalities in the region. In the listing of municipal mitigation strategies which follows, some additional challenges unique to certain communities may be included; however, the following challenges apply to most Capitol Region municipalities. These challenges can impact the effectiveness of existing authorities, policies, programs and resources; however it should be noted that local governments have a number of procedures and tools available which can allow them to adjust, over time, their programs, procedures and resources to more effectively mitigate natural hazards.
Limited Resources
Local communities, as well as state and federal governments, private enterprise, non-profit organizations, and households, all face financial limitations which can restrict their ability to fully implement measures and activities which are in their best interest. At the local level most financial resources are provided through property tax revenue with additional support from state and federal governments through various programs and grants. The lingering effects of the Great Recession have severely tightened most local budgets. Through the local political and planning processes and budget deliberations, municipalities routinely reevaluate local programs and policies and adjust spending priorities. Expenditures on programs which support natural hazard mitigation may not always be considered by a community and its citizens as high priority as expenditures related to schools or other local initiatives as well as those related to mandated programs and expenditures. The lack of or limits on funding can lead to reduced effectiveness in a municipality’s capability to accomplish hazard mitigation. At the regional level, CRCOG’s ability to implement mitigation activities is also tied to financial limitations. Our funding is derived primarily from state and federal grants and programs and municipal dues. As these various levels of governments face financial cutbacks and changes in spending priorities, financial support to CRCOG can be impacted.
Multiple Jurisdictions
Hazard mitigation requires coordination among the multiple federal, state and local agencies that influence development, maintenance, and emergency response activities. At the local level, some municipalities have difficulties getting their inland wetlands commissions and public works staff to agree on the appropriateness of drainage maintenance activities to reduce flooding risk. In addition, some communities face flooding risks from natural and/or manmade influences located in other communities, requiring interlocal coordination and communication. Finally, it can be difficult for a community to take full advantage of available federal and state resources for mitigation activities because programs are spread among different departments and agencies such as FEMA, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) and the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security (DEMHS).
Most communities are active in regional organizations such as CRCOG, the Connecticut Conference
of Municipalities (CCM), and the Connecticut Council of Small Towns (COST) which provide a variety of services such as management and technical assistance, training, coordination among various agencies, lobbying for changes in state legislation; use of shared resources; and negotiating for competitive contracts for a variety of goods and services. These organizations can help improve the effectiveness of many local efforts including hazard mitigation.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 127
State Infrastructure When the initial plan was developed, most Capitol Region municipalities identified stormwater
management as a high priority natural hazard mitigation concern. This concern continues. Many communities have specific locations subject to periodic flooding that result from state road drainage systems. Resolving minor flooding problems on state roads is difficult for towns because they have no purview over improvements on state infrastructure. Some such flooding areas pose emergency access risks, while others present minor property damage concerns. Several towns also identified difficulties with the State’s response to storm, snow and accident clean-up on state roads.
In the aftermath of the two storms of 2011, Irene and Alfred, the Governor appointed a Two
Storm Panel to review how the storms were handled and to make recommendations for future disaster preparedness and response. Among the Panel’s recommendations were a number calling for improvements in state infrastructure and disaster preparedness including developing “new engineering standards that will better protect the built environment from the effects of extreme weather,” improved GIS mapping and analysis, and planning for the issues rising sea levels will have on combined sewer overflows and dam safety.
Vulnerability to Power Outages
The widespread and lengthy power outages resulting from downed wires and damages to transmission lines due to Irene and the October snowstorm in 2011 brought attention to the need for tree maintenance in utility rights of way and along roadways and the need for better coordination and communication between Connecticut Light & Power (CL&P) and municipal officials. Among the Two Storm Panel’s recommendations were calls for improved coordination among electric and telecommunications utilities, municipalities and state agencies in dealing with tree maintenance; a comprehensive study of the feasibility, cost and reliability of undergrounding utilities; and the establishment of a state working group to improve municipal and utility collaborations.
Clean Water Project
The Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) provides water supply, water pollution control, mapping, and household hazardous waste collection to eight member municipalities -- Bloomfield, East Hartford, Hartford, Newington, Rocky Hill, West Hartford, Wethersfield and Windsor. The MDC also provides water and/or sewer services to portions of several other towns in the region. The MDC has undertaken its Clean Water Project in response to both federal and state consent orders to achieve Federal Clean Water Act goals by 2020. The project, estimated at $2.1 billion, will reduce Combined Sewer Overflows (CSO), eliminate Sanitary Sewer Overflows (SSO) and increase Nitrogen removal from system discharges. The challenge, and significant opportunity, presented by the Clean Water Project is for the MDC and its member municipalities to ensure that the design of infrastructure improvements reduces or at least, does not increase, flooding risks. Because the MDC is pursuing funding for the project from several state and federal sources, FEMA Hazard Mitigation program funding is not a likely source of funding (federal funds cannot be used to match other federal funds). Nevertheless, it is important for MDC municipalities to remain active participants in Clean Water Project planning.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 128
Regional Goals, Objectives and Strategic Actions
Review of 2008 Regional Strategy
In developing the Capitol Region’s 2008 Pre-Disaster Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan, a single overarching goal of “Minimizing the loss of life and property, and economic disruptions that can result from natural hazards” was proposed to guide regional efforts in natural hazard mitigation. Four objectives and a number of mitigation strategies that were judged to be best addressed on a regional level were identified as means to accomplish this goal. Some are common objectives and actions which might be better addressed on a regional level to maximize efficiency, while others are objectives specific to CRCOG as coordinator of this planning process. The lead agency, or agencies, responsible for implementing specific tasks is listed; however, one can expect supporting agencies to assist in implementation. The regional goal, objectives and strategies were reexamined in the course of this 2014-2019 update to the plan. What follows is a status report on the 2008 Regional Mitigation Strategy and a presentation of revisions and new proposals for the 2014-2019 Plan Update. For a description of how strategies were prioritized both for the Region and individual municipalities, please see Section IV: The Planning Process. Goal: Minimize the loss of life and property, and economic disruptions that can result from natural hazards. (No change to this goal is proposed.)
Objective 1: Improve stormwater management throughout the region to prevent increased flooding and lessen the effects of drought.
Discussion: The Capitol Region Council of Governments partnered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to sponsor the development of guidelines local municipalities can use to plan and design sustainable development (Smart Growth Guidelines for Sustainable Design & Development, by Jonathon Rose Companies, LLC and Wallace Roberts and Todd, 2009.) These guidelines encourage incorporation of green infrastructure and low impact development (LID) into development and the avoidance of development in floodplains, wetlands and other environmentally sensitive areas. These guidelines were presented to local officials at a widely attended workshop in May 2009. As a follow up to this work, CRCOG partnered with the U.S. EPA and the Town of Manchester to develop, From Grey to Green: Sustainable Practices for Redeveloping a Vacant Shopping Center, by Wallace Roberts & Todd, LLC. This document describes green practices for stormwater management which can be applied to redevelopment projects. This work was presented to local officials at a widely attended workshop in January 2010. At the planning committee workshop on regional mitigation strategies held February 19, 2013, it was pointed out that use of sanitary sewers in areas served by wells can be disruptive to the water cycle. After discussion, attendees agreed to revise the objective statement to also refer to ground water recharge.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 129
A revision to this objective is proposed: Objective 1: Improve stormwater management and ground water recharge throughout the region to prevent increased flooding and lessen the effects of drought.
Strategic Actions:
1.1 Encourage all municipalities in the Region to adopt regulations that incorporate or refer to recommended practices from the most current Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual and Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Status: CRCOG has made presentations to the Regional Planning Commission (comprised of representatives from local planning and zoning commissions), the Connecticut River Assembly and encouraged municipalities to address stormwater management using green infrastructure and low impact development techniques through the development and dissemination of Smart Growth Guidelines for Sustainable Design & Development and From Grey to Green: Sustainable Practices for Redeveloping a Vacant Shopping Center. The practices recommended in these documents are in harmony with the Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual and Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control. (In 2011, DEEP developed a Low Impact Development Appendices to the Manual and Guidelines.) We recommend continuing to encourage municipal adoption of sound stormwater, erosion control and low impact development regulations and practices. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement
1.1 Encourage all municipalities in the Region to adopt regulations that incorporate or refer to recommended practices from the most current Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual, Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control and in particular, those which promote low impact development and green infrastructure techniques.
1.2 Encourage development that is in harmony with natural drainage systems in all municipalities through reviews of development referrals. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: For the last several years, CRCOG staff has routinely encouraged local officials to consider the Smart Growth Guidelines in our reviews of development referrals. We recommend continuing this practice. Proposed Changes: No change proposed.
1.3 Minimize conflicts between inland wetlands commissions and municipal staff over maintenance of natural drainage channels through education.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 130
Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments and Municipalities Priority: Medium Status: CRCOG did not undertake any direct action related to this strategy over the past five years, however, CRCOG has encouraged municipal participation in NEMO (Nonpoint Education for Municipal Officials) and Land Use Academy training programs offered by the Center for Land Use Education and Research (CLEAR) by notifying local planners of upcoming opportunities. We recommend continuing to encourage local officials to participate in available educational opportunities. Discussion: At the planning committee workshop on regional mitigation strategies held February 19, 2013, it was suggested that principles of sound stream management should also be addressed. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement.
1.3 Foster improved understanding of the importance stream management, maintenance of natural drainage channels, and use of green infrastructure practices among municipal staff, inland wetlands commissions and planning and zoning commissions through education.
New Strategic Action: 1.4 Continue participation with other regional planning agencies in Connecticut and Massachusetts in the Connecticut River Bi-State Partnership and, in particular, in the development of a Connecticut River Bi-State Corridor Management Plan.
Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments in partnership with the Lower Connecticut River Valley Council of Governments, Pioneer Valley Planning Commission and Franklin Regional Council of Governments Priority: Medium Discussion: Over the past several years CRCOG has been working cooperatively with other regional planning agencies in Connecticut and Massachusetts which serve communities along the Connecticut River to collaborate to improve the environment, water quality, recreation and public access along the Connecticut River. One proposed activity of this Partnership is the development of a Corridor Management Plan which will address, among other issues, flooding and flood control, stormwater management and erosion and sedimentation control, flood plain protection, and water quality and supply issues. Objective 2: Assist municipalities in implementing hazard mitigation strategies.
(No change to objective is proposed.)
Discussion: CRCOG believes strongly in preparing for and working to minimize losses to life and property from natural disasters and will continue to work with our member municipalities to strengthen their resiliency.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 131
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Work with member municipalities to maintain this regional pre-disaster natural hazard mitigation plan with updates at least every five years.
Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Status: CRCOG sought FEMA funding and municipal participation to update this plan. We are currently working with the thirty municipalities in the Capitol Region to update the Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan. We recommend continuing this effort. Proposed Changes: No change proposed (except to remove word pre-disaster per FEMA review).
2.1 Work with member municipalities to maintain this regional natural hazard mitigation plan with updates at least every five years. 2.2 Work with member municipalities, state and federal agencies to improve availability of relevant data; including, but not limited to current land uses, vulnerable building stock inventories and values. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Status: As part of the update to the Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan, we are working to update this information. CRCOG also periodically works with municipalities to update regional databases on current municipal land uses and to share Census data releases and analyses. We recommend continuing this effort. Discussion: At the planning committee workshop on regional mitigation strategies held February 19, 2013, it was suggested that data on hazardous materials inventories also be updated. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement.
2.2 Work with member municipalities, state and federal agencies to improve availability of relevant data; including, but not limited to current land uses, vulnerable building stock inventories and values, and hazardous materials inventories.
2.3 Train CRCOG staff in HAZUS-MH software. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: As part of the update to the Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan, CRCOG staff undertook online training on Hazus-MH and contacted other Hazus users and help-lines for technical support. We recommend training be an ongoing effort. Proposed Changes: No change proposed.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 132
2.4 Assist member municipalities in pursuing federal and state funds to implement mitigation measures. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: When CRCOG receives notices of funding opportunities, we disseminate this information to municipal officials. CRCOG also writes letters of support on behalf of municipalities for grant applications. CRCOG staff attended a FEMA training course on natural hazard mitigation grant programs. We recommend these efforts continue. Proposed Changes: Revise priority to High.
2.5 Incorporate natural hazard mitigation concerns into regional plan. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Status: The Capitol Region’s regional plan of Conservation and Development, Achieving the Balance, is currently being updated and references have been incorporated into the draft to address natural hazard mitigation concerns. We recommend this strategy be retained. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement
2.5 Incorporate natural hazard mitigation concerns into the regional plan of conservation and development and encourage municipalities to address natural hazards mitigation in local plans of conservation and development.
New Strategic Actions: 2.6 Encourage municipalities to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program’s Community Rating System. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Discussion: Discounts on flood insurance premiums are available to those in communities that participate in the NFIP’s CRS program. Currently, only West Hartford participates in the CRS. To encourage greater participation, CRCOG could provide information to and arrange an educational workshop on the Community Rating System to be conducted by NFIP and presented to member municipalities. In the 2008 Plan, a number of communities identified investigating participation in the CRS program but were unable to advance this effort significantly. The limited progress made was generally due to constraints on the municipalities’ ability to commit personnel to fully explore the program and its impact on and relevance to the community. Eight communities (Granby, Hartford, Simsbury, Somers, South Windsor, Vernon, Wethersfield and Windsor) expressed an interest in undertaking this activity in the 2014-2019 planning period. CRCOG hopes that by assisting these communities, as well as others, through passing on notices of FEMA sponsored training opportunities and arranging for a local workshop, we can give added impetus to these efforts.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 133
2.7 Work with municipalities to facilitate a process for improved communications with upstream communities to provide timely downstream notifications regarding water levels and releases from dams. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Discussion: Several communities observed that they do not receive routine notifications of rising water levels at dams in upstream communities. Although owners of dams in Connecticut are required to issue warnings to local emergency management and executive officials, officials in communities further downstream may not receive such warnings. Also, there does not appear to be an established communication process for local Connecticut officials to be notified of rising levels at Massachusetts dams. CRCOG could investigate means to improve the communications regarding notifications to downstream communities. 2.8 Encourage municipalities to increase their citizens’ awareness and use of the Get Ready Capitol Region website. (http://www.getreadycapitolregion.org/) Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Discussion: The Public Safety Division of CRCOG recently launched a website which provides emergency preparedness information for local residents. Support of the Get Ready Capitol Region website will increase its effectiveness and help to make the region as a whole more resilient to disasters. 2.9 Encourage FEMA to recognize the cumulative effect of winter storm events. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Discussion: At the planning committee workshop on regional mitigation strategies held February 19, 2013, it was suggested that efforts should be made to lobby FEMA for recognition of winter storm events as a cumulative natural hazard. 2.10 Assist member communities in efforts to develop and maintain lists of functional needs populations and in improving involvement of functional needs persons in planning and training for hazard mitigation. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments, CREPC RESF-19 Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2018
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 134
Objective 3: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with power disruptions.
(No change to this objective is proposed.)
Discussion: In response to the significant loss of power experienced throughout Connecticut as a result of 2011’s Tropical Storm Irene and Winter Storm Alfred, the Governor convened a panel to review the State’s approach to the prevention, planning and mitigation of impacts associated with major disasters. The panel issued a report in early 2012 (known as the Two Storm Panel Report) which made a number of recommendations related to utility issues involving tree trimming, infrastructure hardening and communications and information sharing between utilities and municipalities. These recommendations generally recognize that it is the utilities, various state agencies and municipalities which have the direct responsibility for preparing for and responding to power disruptions. The recommendations call for greater cooperation and communication among the utilities, state agencies and municipalities. CRCOG’s role can be supportive of state and local efforts to foster a cooperative and coordinated approach to preparing for and dealing with power disruptions. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Assist municipalities in working with Connecticut Light & Power concerns over appropriate utility right-of-way maintenance, emergency response and the burial of transmission lines. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: A CRCOG representative participates in a utilities working group established by the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security. We recommend the strategy be modified to reflect actual practices. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement
3.1 Monitor state efforts to assist municipalities in working with Connecticut Light & Power concerns over appropriate utility right-of-way maintenance, emergency response and the burial of transmission lines. 3.2 Encourage the installation of generators in age-restricted developments with communal facilities through development referrals and associated work with local officials. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: Since 2008, the market for age-restricted developments has decreased and CRCOG has not seen referrals of zone regulation or map changes for such developments. During our meetings with municipal officials to update this plan, the need for generators at nursing and group homes to allow residents to shelter in place was discussed. Because development proposals for nursing homes, group homes and similar facilities are not generally referred to CRCOG for review and comment, efforts to encourage installation of generators at such facilities is a matter best handled at the local level with regional support as needed. Further, with the advent of FEMA’s policy of funding generators for critical facilities,
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 135
it was proposed that the strategy statement be modified to include CRCOG support for municipal efforts to obtain funding for generators for critical municipal facilities. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement
3.3 Encourage the installation of generators at critical facilities and in developments serving the elderly or special need populations through outreach and associated work with local officials. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments and Municipalities Priority: Medium Objective 4: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with droughts.
(No change to this objective is proposed.)
Discussion: Although the Capitol Region has not experienced a prolonged or severe drought in recent years, this remains a potentially significant natural hazard for member municipalities. Public utilities serve over 80% of the housing units in the Capitol Region. Regional and local water utility companies and local health officials are better equipped for addressing the impacts of and responding to droughts, however, CRCOG could provide a supportive role. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Assist municipalities that do not currently have drought ordinances in enacting such ordinances to enable the enforcement of water conservation. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: CRCOG did not undertake any direct action related to this strategy over the past five years, however, we will provide information to any municipality that requests our assistance. Proposed Changes: Revise priority to Low
4.2 Encourage municipalities to disseminate drought-related information released by the CT Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security or CT Department of Public Health through their websites and/or newsletters. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Status: CRCOG did not undertake any direct action related to this strategy over the past five years, however, we can post notices and advice to residents on the Get Ready Capitol Region website. Proposed Changes: Modify the strategy statement and revise priority to Low
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 136
4.2 Assist in disseminating drought-related information by encouraging municipalities to post drought-related information released by the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security or Connecticut Department of Public Health through their websites and/or newsletter, and by posting drought-related information on the Get Ready Capitol Region website.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 137
The Capitol Region’s Proposed Mitigation Strategy for the 2014- 2019 Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan
Regional Activities Goal: Minimize the loss of life and property, and economic disruptions that can result from natural hazards.
Objective 1: Improve stormwater management and ground water recharge throughout the region to prevent increased flooding and lessen the effects of drought.
Mitigation Actions:
1.1 Encourage all municipalities in the Region to adopt regulations that incorporate or refer to recommended practices from the most current Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual, Connecticut Guidelines for Erosion and Sedimentation Control and in particular, those which promote low impact development and green infrastructure techniques. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget, future grant Timeframe: During monthly zoning/development referral process with more comprehensive outreach efforts to be considered during the five-year term of the plan (2014-2019). 1.2 Encourage development that is in harmony with natural drainage systems in all municipalities through reviews of development referrals. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: Reviews are done on a monthly basis and will continue throughout the 2014-2019 plan period. 1.3 Foster improved understanding of the importance stream management, maintenance of natural drainage channels, and use of green infrastructure practices among municipal staff, inland wetlands commissions and planning and zoning commissions through education. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments and Municipalities Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget
Timeframe: Outreach to commissions will be conducted on an annual or more frequent basis as programs become available throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 138
1.4 Continue participation with other regional planning agencies in Connecticut and Massachusetts in the Connecticut River Bi-State Partnership and, in particular, in the development of a Connecticut River Bi-State Corridor Management Plan. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments in partnership with the Lower Connecticut River Valley
Council of Governments, Pioneer Valley Planning Commission and Franklin Regional Council of Governments
Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: This is an established process. Partnership members meet several times a year and this practice is expected to continue throughout the 2014-2019 plan period. Objective 2: Assist municipalities in implementing hazard mitigation strategies.
Mitigation Actions:
2.1 Work with member municipalities to maintain this regional natural hazard mitigation plan with updates at least every five years. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: FEMA grant, local and regional resources Timeframe: We will seek annual status updates from local communities during the 2014-2019 planning period. We will seek FEMA grant funding through the State for the next update beginning in the fall of 2015 if such program funding is available. 2.2 Work with member municipalities, state and federal agencies to improve availability of relevant data; including, but not limited to current land uses, vulnerable building stock inventories and values, and hazardous materials inventories. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget, additional sources may need to be sought Timeframe: 2014-2019 2.3 Train CRCOG staff in HAZUS-MH software. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: Will seek training through FEMA’s Emergency Management Institute (EMI) with sponsorship through CT DEEP Timeframe: We will pursue training opportunities during the 2014-2019 planning period. 2.4 Assist member municipalities in pursuing federal and state funds to implement mitigation measures. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: Throughout the 2014 – 2019 planning period as grant application opportunities become available.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 139
2.5 Incorporate natural hazard mitigation concerns into the regional plan of conservation and development and encourage municipalities to address natural hazards mitigation in local plans of conservation and development. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: 2014 for regional plan; during referral process throughout the 2014-2019 plan period for municipal plans.
2.6 Encourage municipalities to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program’s Community Rating System. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget with cooperation from FEMA and CT DEEP Timeframe: A workshop to be organized by the end of 2014
2.7 Work with municipalities to facilitate a process for improved communications with upstream communities to provide timely downstream notifications regarding water levels and releases from dams. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget with cooperation from CT DEEP Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.8 Encourage municipalities to increase their citizens’ awareness and use of the Get Ready Capitol Region website. (http://www.getreadycapitolregion.org/) Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: Periodic reminders throughout the 2014 – 2019 planning period.
2.9 Encourage FEMA to recognize the cumulative effect of winter storm events. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.10 Assist member communities in efforts to develop and maintain lists of functional needs populations and in improving involvement of functional needs persons in planning and training for hazard mitigation. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments, CREPC RESF-19 Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 140
Objective 3: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with power disruptions.
Mitigation Actions: 3.1 Monitor state efforts to assist municipalities in working with Connecticut Light & Power concerns over appropriate utility right-of-way maintenance, emergency response and the burial of transmission lines. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: A CRCOG representative will participate in meetings of the ESF-12 utilities working group established by the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security throughout the 2014-2019 plan period. 3.2 Encourage the installation of generators at critical facilities and in developments serving the elderly or special need populations through outreach and associated work with local officials. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 4: Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with droughts.
Mitigation Actions: 4.1 Assist municipalities that do not currently have drought ordinances in enacting such ordinances to enable the enforcement of water conservation. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Low Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: On an as requested basis; we do not anticipate more than one request during the term of this plan (2014-2019). 4.2 Assist in disseminating drought-related information by encouraging municipalities to post drought- related information released by the Connecticut Division of Emergency Management and Homeland Security or Connecticut Department of Public Health through their websites and/or newsletters, and by posting drought-related information on the Get Ready Capitol Region website. Lead: Capitol Region Council of Governments Priority: Low Potential Funding Sources: CRCOG operating budget Timeframe: Periodically as warranted throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 141
Municipal Goals, Objectives and Strategic Actions
The thirty municipalities in the Capitol Region collectively identified over 400 mitigation strategies to
include in this plan update. While many are unique to the individual communities, there are commonalities among the actions proposed and all communities have proposed a range of activities including public education and awareness; natural resource protection; plans, studies and regulatory actions; structural projects and modifications to buildings, facilities and infrastructure; as well as measures to improve preparedness and emergency response. Most activities proposed in this Plan Update are not exclusive to this document. Some activities such as strengthening and enforcing regulations, and public outreach efforts, are routine, long term, sustained activities and established practices and procedures which will be conducted with an additional emphasis on hazard mitigation. Others are projects which may have also been previously identified in capital improvements programs, annual budgets, and various local plans. Other activities have been newly identified as a result of this planning effort. A blueprint for implementing all proposed projects in this Plan Update has been provided: departments and agencies which will be responsible for carrying out the activities, potential funding sources, and the time frames for conducting the projects have been identified for each mitigation activity. In the course of this update process, municipal officials evaluated progress made on the mitigation activities proposed in the 2008 Plan. From this effort, insights into means in which to ensure project implementation were gained. The tables below summarize and categorize these activities. The individual municipal sections which follow in the next chapter provide additional details on these activities and how they will be implemented. This Plan helps to focus attention on efforts that can reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life or property from natural hazards; however, there are no mandates to undertake these specific activities. The mitigation strategies that follow focus on actions that can be achieved within the 5 year plan period although some activities/projects may require a longer timeframe to be fully implemented. The availability of resources to fund and carry out these activities is crucial to their successful implementation.
We categorized the individual projects and actions proposed by the municipalities into the following types of measures:
Education & Awareness – Projects and actions in this category include measures to inform and educate local residents and businesses, elected and appointed officials, and other stakeholders. Types of outreach include general public informational outreach efforts such as use of local websites to post information, mailings with tax statements, newspaper advertisements, press releases, e-mail blasts, etc. Other measures in this category include targeted outreach efforts to specific groups which could include more direct contact such as meetings. Also included are workshops, forums, fairs, seminars and the like. Natural Resource Protection – Actions included in this category are those that not only minimize hazard losses but also can preserve or restore functions of natural systems such as stream corridor restoration, watershed management, wetlands preservation and restoration, and timber management.
Preparedness and Enhancement of Emergency Response – Actions in this category may not be thought of as directly tied to mitigation of damage due to natural disasters but they are measures vital to public safety and the restoration of normalcy in a community. In this regard, they play an important role in the reduction of losses a community will experience. Measures in this category include improving working relationships and coordination
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 142
between agencies; securing new equipment, facilities, supplies and personnel to aid in emergency response; improving procedures related to emergency response; conducting emergency response training; and improving communications systems. Prevention – Activities in this category generally include government actions or processes that influence the way land and buildings are developed, such as zoning regulations, floodplain regulations, building codes, open space preservation, and stormwater regulations. Also included are studies and assessments of risks and vulnerabilities including identifying and improving a community’s ability to contact vulnerable populations; improving mapping and data analysis capabilities; and undertaking engineering studies to address drainage, flooding, and power outage issues. Other government actions and programs such as implementing procedures for improving operations, using tax incentives and capital improvement programming are also included in this category. Structural Projects/Property Protection & Modifications – Activities in this category include modifications and retrofits of existing buildings, structures and infrastructure to protect or remove them from harm such as acquisition, relocation, elevation, flood proofing, installation of shatter proof glass, relining culverts, strengthening roofs, etc. Measures in this category could also include new construction or reconstruction projects to reduce the impact of hazards such as installation of improved drainage facilities, culverts, and other stormwater controls as well as undergrounding utilities. Expanding sheltering capacity and installation of backup power to critical facilities are other measures included in this category.
It should be noted that a number of specific measures could be classified into one or more of these types/categories. For the purposes of this planning effort, we chose to identify specific measures as being within only one of these categories.
Table 22 on the following page summarizes which municipalities have proposed measures in each of these categories. As can be seen, all communities have proposed a variety of actions to mitigate the damages natural hazards can cause. Most communities have proposed to undertake one or more public education/outreach project and one or more projects aimed at improving emergency preparedness and response. Most communities have also proposed to undertake structural projects to construct, modify, or relocate buildings, infrastructure, or critical facilities in order to strengthen them or protect them or their functions from the effects of natural disasters. All communities have proposed one or more activities designed to prevent or lessen the impacts of natural hazards. A number of communities, mostly rural, have proposed projects designed to protect or restore natural resources or natural functions.
Following this summary table is a listing by municipality of each mitigation action proposed in the 2008 Plan and in this Update (Table 23). For the actions which will be initiated or undertaken over the next five years, local priorities and a planning level benefit cost ratio also have been identified. The means in which priorities and benefit cost ratios were developed is explained in the Analysis of Mitigation Actions and Processes section which follows Table 23. Details of each proposed local mitigation activity or project including responsible agencies, project priorities, project statuses, potential funding sources, and anticipated timeframes, are provided in Section IV: Municipal Plans.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 143
Table 22: Summary of Types of Mitigation Projects Proposed by Community
Education & Awareness
Natural Resource
Protection
Preparedness (Enhance Emergency Response)
Prevention Structural Projects – Property Protection & Modifications
Municipal Strategic Mitigation Actions, Processes, Projects
In fo
rm a
ti o
n a
l P
u b
li c
O u
tr e
a ch
T a
rg e
te d
O u
tr e
a ch
W o
rk sh
o p
s a
n d
F o
ru m
s
P re
se rv
e &
R e
st o
re N
a tu
ra l
F u
n ct
io n
s
T im
b e
r M
a n
a g
e m
e n
t
Im p
ro v
e C
o o
rd in
a ti
o n
&
W o
rk in
g R
e la
ti o
n sh
ip s
Im p
ro v
e P
ro ce
d u
re s
N e
w F
a ci
li ti
e s,
E q
u ip
m e
n t,
S
u p
p li
e s,
P e
rs o
n n
e l
T ra
in in
g
Im p
ro v
e C
o m
m u
n ic
a ti
o n
s S
y st
e m
s
A ss
e ss
R is
k s
& V
u ln
e ra
b il
it ie
s
A ss
e ss
/P ro
te ct
V u
ln e
ra b
le
P o
p u
la ti
o n
s
P ro
ce ss
e s
to M
it ig
a te
D a
m a
g e
s
to L
if e
& P
ro p
e rt
y
S tr
e n
g th
e n
P la
n n
in g
&
D e
v e
lo p
m e
n t
R e
g u
la ti
o n
s
A cq
u is
it io
n /R
e lo
ca ti
o n
Im p
ro v
e D
ra in
a g
e ,
C u
lv e
rt s,
R
o a
d s
& B
ri d
g e
s
P ro
te ct
/I m
p ro
v e
U ti
li ty
In fr
a st
ru ct
u re
S tr
e n
g th
e n
/P ro
te ct
C ri
ti ca
l F
a ci
li ti
e s
Andover X X
X
X X X
X X
X
Avon X
X X
X X X
X X
X
Bloomfield X
X X X
X
X
Bolton X
X
X
X X
X
X X
Canton X
X
X X X X X
East Granby
X
X
X X X X X
East Hartford X
X
X X X X X
X
X
East Windsor X
X
X
X X
X X X
X
X
Ellington X X
X X X
X
X
Enfield X
X
X X X X X
X
X
Farmington X
X
X
X
X
Glastonbury X
X
X X X
X X X
Granby X
X X X X X
X
X X
X X
Hartford
X
X X
X X
X
X
Hebron X
X X
X
X X X X
X
Manchester X X
X X
X
X
Marlborough X
X X X X X
X
X
Newington
X
X
X X
X
X
Rocky Hill
X X X
X
X X X X
X
Simsbury
X
X
X
X X X
X
X
Somers X X
X X
X
X
South Windsor X
X X X X
X X X X
X X
Stafford X
X X X X
X
X X
X X
Suffield X
X
X
X X
Tolland X
X
X
X
X X X X
X
X
Vernon X X
X
X X
X
X
X
West Hartford
X X
X
X
Wethersfield X
X X
X
X X X X X X
Windsor X X
X
X X X
X
X
X X X
Windsor Locks X
X
X
X
Capitol Region X X X X
X
X
X X
X
Table 23: Listing of Municipal Strategic Actions from 2008 Plan and 2014-2019 Plan Update
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Andover Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate the public on new warning notification
system, sheltering facilities and other
emergency preparedness measures.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Andover Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate property owners on property
maintenance, especially around natural and
artificial drainage systems.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All, Flood Medium 4.8
Andover Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Coordinate with pipeline owner on public
education and outreach regarding line and
public safety.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Other Low 3.6
Andover
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Establish a list of, and agreements with, private
tree service companies to ensure prompt
debris removal service following storms.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update
Snow, Wind,
Flood Medium 3.4
Andover
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Investigate animal sheltering alternatives. Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All Low 1.1
Andover Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Continue to participate in National Incident
Management System (NIMS) training.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
Andover Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Monitor implementation of Reverse-911
system, and plan for updates.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
Andover Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Coordinate with municipal agent for the
elderly on special needs population list
maintenance
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
Andover Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate the CRCOG service sharing
initiative, especially surrounding tree and other
debris removal equipment
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, Wind, All Medium 2.0
Andover Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Coordinate with DEEP on maintenance of the
Andover Lake Dam and of state forest land for
structural integrity of dam, wild fire prevention
and emergency response.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams, Fires Medium 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 145
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Andover Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Areas draining into the Hop River will be
monitored to identify and prevent future
erosion.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 2.0
Andover Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Improve shelter facility, especially sanitary
facilities, handicapped accessibility and
generator.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.6
Andover Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Study debris and flooding issues on Parker
Bridge Road.
2008 Plan Action – Not to be
pursued further by Town Flood
Avon Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Use municipal website and town newsletter to
periodically update residents.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Avon
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Ensure that an equal amount of compensation
for any project that negatively affects flood
flows.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan (Covered by another
Action)
Flood
Avon
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Develop and maintain agreements with local
contractors for emergency tree and debris
removal, to quickly restore access throughout
town, for emergency response.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update
Snow, Wind,
Flood Medium 3.4
Avon
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Talk to CT Department of Transportation
about using state highway garage as staging
area for local personnel.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 3.4
Avon
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Meet with MDC staff to discuss coordinated
emergency response planning.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.4
Avon
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Coordinate with other agencies on an as
needed basis.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Low 3.4
Avon Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Fully implement new fleet management
system.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All High 2.8
Avon Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Continue with current practices of relocating
personnel to the East side of the Farmington
River as needed.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.8
Avon Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Continue to participate in regional National
Incident Management System (NIMS) and
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 146
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
other emergency response trainings.
Avon Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Inform municipal staff of revisions to
emergency response action plan.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
Avon Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Provide satellite televisions for Public Works
and Fire Departments to monitor information
when power and cable are out.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Avon Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Upgrade more staff members to wireless
communication systems.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Avon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Map structures located in floodplains, and
develop a targeted Reverse-911 list for those
property owners.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Low 1.9
Avon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Map, or obtain mapping of, MDC infrastructure
in town.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Low 1.9
Avon Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate CRCOG services sharing initiative,
and potential for shared equipment, such as a
chipper.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Avon Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Implement web-based GIS, and provide access
to sensitive information for emergency
responders.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Avon Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue with current practices to enforce
floodplain regulations.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Avon Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Acquire a portable generator and enable hook-
ups at shelters and emergency response
facilities.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Low 1.6
Bloomfield Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Encourage property owners to maintain and
clear debris from stream channels.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.8
Bloomfield
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Ensure public works has adequate facilities and
necessary equipment to be responsive various
storm types.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 1.1
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 147
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Bloomfield Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Ensure that all town officials are familiar with
emergency preparedness plans.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.0
Bloomfield Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Improve/replace existing Town communication
system in favor of one that is more reliable and
has better coverage during storm events.
New Initiative All Medium 1.8
Bloomfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Improve awareness and encourage flood-
proofing for threatened structures. New Initiative Flood Medium 2.0
Bloomfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Further study and pursue protection measures
for Town Library.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Bloomfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Conduct a tree and vegetation inventory and
develop a maintenance program.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.0
Bloomfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to explore service sharing
arrangements and engage in CRCOG's service
sharing initiative.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.0
Bloomfield Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Acquire and demolish house on Tunxis Ave.
that regularly experiences flooding.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Bloomfield
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Install storm water drainage on those Town
roads where it currently does not exist; and
improve/replace inadequate storm water
systems that currently do exist.
New Initiative Flood Very High 1.3
Bolton Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Conduct public outreach on safe operation of
generators.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Bolton
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Monitor and manage Notch Pond Dam beaver
population New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Bolton
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue informal arrangements with private
contractors for emergency tree/debris
removal.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 3.4
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 148
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Bolton
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain good communications with utility
companies.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.4
Bolton
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Pursue opportunities to increase sheltering
capacity.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Bolton Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Implement new town-wide communications
system.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.8
Bolton Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study Johnson Road culvert/dam and
recommend improvements New Initiative Flood, Dams Medium 1.9
Bolton Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study Lyman Road culvert associated with
Blackledge River and recommend
improvements.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Bolton Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study School Road culvert associated with
Baker Brook and recommend improvements.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Bolton Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop and implement plan to power
residential grinder pumps during prolonged
power outages
New Initiative All High 2.0
Bolton Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Monitor and maintain drainage and flood
control systems.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
Bolton
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement improvements recommended in
Johnson Road culvert/dam study. New Initiative Flood, Dams Medium 1.3
Bolton
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement improvements recommended in
Lyman Road culvert study.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Bolton
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement improvements recommended in
Baker Brook/School Road study.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Bolton Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Pursue opportunities to update and/or
underground transmission lines.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Low 0.9
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 149
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Canton Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate residents on most common alternative
routes in advance of storms through municipal
website and other resident communications.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Canton
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain good communications with
neighboring communities’ public safety
officials to coordinate road closures and
detours.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 3.4
Canton
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain good communications with
Connecticut Light & Power
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 3.4
Canton Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Enhance town warning system: sirens, public
address systems, etc.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All Medium
Canton Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study potential impacts of Nepaug Reservoir
Dam failure.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Dams Low 1.9
Canton Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Develop appropriate evacuation plan based on
Nepaug Reservoir Dam failure.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Dams Low 2.3
Canton Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Develop appropriate evacuation plan based on
Barkhamsted Reservoir Dam failure studies.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Dams Low 2.3
Canton Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Maintain flood proofing measures protecting
the sewage treatment facility.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
Canton Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to review and enforce development
regulations to prevent increased flood risks.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Canton Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Continue to monitor the availability of an
appropriate site for relocating the town
garage.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 0.9
Canton Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Develop a list of private properties for
acquisition as they become available at Dowd’s
Corner.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 0.9
East Granby Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Educate land use officials on low impact
development techniques.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 150
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Functions
East Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Implement recommendations from flood
access plan.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Low 2.8
East Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Treat roads in advance of winter storms, when
possible.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 2.8
East Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Continue to address state roads, when
necessary to maintain safety.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Low 2.8
East Granby Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Monitor and ensure effective implementation
of Reverse-911 system
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
East Granby Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Analyze areas where outages occur and
monitor new developments.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.9
East Granby Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to maintain special needs population
list.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
East Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop a plan for accessing flood prone areas,
such as Winding Hill Road
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
East Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Continue tree evaluation practices.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind, Snow Medium 2.0
East Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to contract out preventive
maintenance of trees
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind, Snow Medium 2.0
East Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Consider requiring more low impact
development measures through zoning
regulations.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.8
East Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Develop an open space plan, with special
attention paid to land along rivers and streams
not only because of flooding concerns, but also
for recreation and wildlife management
interests.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 151
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
East Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to implement measures under Phase
II MS4 Stormwater program.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
East Granby
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address Floydville Road culvert, either by
cleaning or by replacing.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood Low
East Granby Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Work with utility to reduce outages in areas
frequently without power
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All Medium
East Hartford Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Implement an educational system for property
owners, including insurance education,
evacuation strategies and business continuity
planning.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.8
East Hartford Education & Awareness -
Workshops and Forums
Offer educational forums for residents on
personal emergency planning.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.8
East Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Train Town employees according to the
updated manual in proper flood fighting
operation and maintenance techniques.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.0
East Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Exercise and refine critical components of
National Incident Management System with an
emphasis on interagency communication and
cooperation.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
East Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Participate in local, regional and state‐wide
natural disaster preparedness training.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.0
East Hartford Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems Use a public notification system.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
East Hartford Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Identify and acquire public notification system,
like Reverse‐911, for facilitating
communication of critical information to
residents of all means.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
East Hartford Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Evaluate the condition and sustainability of
existing drainage systems.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 152
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
East Hartford Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Develop and maintain an accessible registry of
residents with special needs using a regional
model
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
East Hartford Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue training for the evacuation,
sheltering and protection of special needs
populations.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
East Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue periodic updates to the flood control
system manual as system improvements are
completed.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
East Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop a capital improvement plan to
improve existing drainage projects.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
East Hartford
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Pursue priority drainage projects identified in
capital improvement plan
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
East Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Continue to implement necessary repairs and
upgrades required by FEMA and the Army
Corps of Engineers to retain accreditation
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.6
East Windsor Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Use town media, including newsletter, website
and other means to educate residents on
personal planning for emergencies.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
East Windsor
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Work with property owners, contractors and
the DEEP to regularly remove beaver dams
causing flooding problems
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
East Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue to use private contractors for
emergency debris removal.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update
Snow, Wind,
Flood Medium 3.4
East Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Improve the ability to clear roads by increasing
public works staff New Initiative Snow High 1.1
East Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Maintain adequate material for treating roads
in newly constructed salt shed.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.1
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 153
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
East Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Training and continue to train shelter staff
associated with Emergency Management New Initiative All Medium 4.0
East Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training Recruit more volunteers for shelter staff New Initiative All Medium 4.0
East Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Familiarize town staff with Reverse-911 as
system implementation begins.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.0
East Windsor Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Conduct study of dam on Main Street near
Depot Street intersection, using previously
awarded funds.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams, Flood High 1.9
East Windsor Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to maintain special needs population
lists.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
East Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Obtain service contracts and maintain gen-sets
at Police Department, Town Garage, Town
Hall, Broad Book Fire, and the Prospect Hill
Antenna site
New Initiative All High 2.0
East Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue regular tree maintenance, including
documentation and notification of issues in
CL&P utility right-of-way
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update
Snow, Wind,
Flood High 2.0
East Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Devise and implement a regular building
inspection and maintenance program
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind Medium 2.0
East Windsor Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Investigate and consider purchasing residential
properties located in floodplains, as they come
up for sale.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan (Suspended) Flood
East Windsor
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement recommendations of Natural
Resources Conservation Service, including
installation of a detention basin in Windsorville
Road/East Road area to reduce road closures
and washouts
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
East Windsor
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Consider replacing East Road and Melrose
bridges.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan/Completed Project Flood
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 154
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
East Windsor Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Obtain funding through grant opportunities
and Town appropriation to place new gen-sets
in High School, Town Garage (replace), Scout
Hall and Broad Brook Middle School.
New Initiative All High 1.6
East Windsor Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Establish the East Windsor High School as a
fully functional emergency shelter: maintain
commitment from electrical contractor to
supply 60 kw generator in times of mass power
outage
New Initiative All High 1.6
East Windsor Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Implement recommendations from the study
of dam on Main Street
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams, Flood Medium 1.6
Ellington Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate public on property owners'
responsibility to maintain drainage systems
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, All Low 4.8
Ellington Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Encourage private fuel dispensaries to install
back-up generator power to ensure continued
access to fuel for residential and business
transportation, heating/cooling and power
needs
New Initiative All High 3.6
Ellington Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Complete strategic plan for evacuating and
sheltering special needs populations with
emphasis on sheltering in place for those not
able to get to designated shelters (i.e. Snipsic
Village Community Building)
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 2.3
Ellington Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with State DOT to ensure
safe/emergency vehicular passage to the
Crystal Lake community prior to, during and
after storms (Routes 140 and 30)
New Initiative Flood High 2.0
Ellington Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to implement and enforce local
building and zoning regulations to prevent
development in risk-prone areas
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 155
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Ellington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Continue to work with CRCOG to advance
Route 74 bridge renovation project on DOT list
in Vernon
New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Ellington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Continue to work with CRCOG to advance
Windermere Bridge renovation project on DOT
list
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood 1.3
Ellington Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Work with the Capitol Region Emergency
Planning Commission to obtain generators for
all five schools and the town hall complex.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.6
Enfield Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate residents on emergency preparedness
and services available in the event of an
emergency through town website and
workshops.
New Initiative All Medium 4.8
Enfield
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Upgrade and replace public works fleet. New Initiative Snow High 1.1
Enfield
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Fund adequate staff and private labor for snow
removal operations New Initiative Snow Medium 1.1
Enfield Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Monitor implementation of Reverse-911
system and use to its greatest potential
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
Enfield Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities Maintain currency of the FHMP
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Enfield Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to involve the Visiting Nurses
Association, the Housing Authority, and social
service agencies in planning and training
efforts
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
Enfield Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to maintain a list of special needs
population
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
Enfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Fund and institute routine maintenance of
trees in town right-of-way either through town
staff or private contractor.
New Initiative All Medium 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 156
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Enfield Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Modify the Town of Enfield zoning & planning
codes and ordinances to require group homes
to have an emergency generator to provide
power for essential home utilities, i.e. heat,
refrigerator, lighting, etc. during power
outages, thus enabling the residents to
“shelter in place.”
New Initiative All Medium 1.8
Enfield Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to review development applications
broadly, with administration’s input
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Enfield
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Continue to pursue funding opportunities to
implement remaining flood mitigation projects
identified in earlier plans.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
Enfield Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities Obtain generators for shelters. New Initiative All High 1.6
Farmington Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Continue to use the town newsletter and
website to release relevant information.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.8
Farmington Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Consider partnering with neighboring
watershed communities to conduct a
hydrologic study of the Farmington River
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Farmington Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Consider performing a town-wide hydrologic
study
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Farmington Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Improve communications with the Army Corps
of Engineers to obtain advance warning of
releases from the Goodwin Dam
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Dams High 2.0
Farmington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Consider the feasibility of a fourth bridge over
the Farmington River
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 157
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Farmington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Conduct an engineering and feasibility study of
elevating Meadow Road and installing culverts
to allow flow in both directions
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Farmington Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Equip Irving E Robbins School as an emergency
shelter New Initiative All High 1.6
Farmington Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Equip Farmington Fire Station for use as the
backup dispatch center and EOC. New Initiative Flood, All High 1.6
Farmington Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Continue to work with the Capitol Region
Emergency Planning Committee on obtaining
generators and other supplies.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Farmington Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Design a permanent retaining wall system or
structure such as steel sheet piling to prevent
further erosion of the existing gravel
embankment.
New Initiative Flood
High 1.6
Glastonbury Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Develop materials instructing residents on
measures to take care of their own properties
(bleeding water lines etc.), and services offered
by the Town. Post information through
multiple means.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Glastonbury
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Increase inventory of emergency response
supplies and acquire storage for same (food,
water, cots, oxygen cylinders, signs, electronic
devices (charging stations) etc).
New Initiative All High 1.1
Glastonbury
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Identify and purchase generator/battery
powered messaging signs to provide important
safety emergency information to public during
times of extended power outages.
New Initiative All Medium 1.1
Glastonbury
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Procure additional Town equipment to
expedite cleanup operations as a result of
storm events which include large scale snow
blowing/removal and debris collection
New Initiative All Medium 1.1
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 158
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
equipment.
Glastonbury
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Consider purchasing additional watercraft for
emergency rescue operations during flooding. New Initiative Flood Low 1.1
Glastonbury Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Develop and implement messaging system to
provide early alert system to isolated and high
risk population utilizing Everbridge (reverse
911), Board of Education notification system
and social media.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 1.9
Glastonbury Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue voluntary registry and classifications
of those individuals who may require special
assistance in an emergency
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 2.3
Glastonbury Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Secure contractual tree removal services and
equipment prior to storm response and
cleanup
New Initiative All High 2.0
Glastonbury Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Increase Town budget for the trimming and
removal of potentially hazardous trees New Initiative All Medium 2.0
Glastonbury Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to implement and enforce
regulations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Glastonbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Consider drainage improvements to Shoddy
Mill, Forest Lane and other areas of periodic
flooding. New Initiative Flood Low 1.3
Glastonbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Study the feasibility of elevating the Naubuc
Avenue Bridge
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Glastonbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Establish state of the art EOC at Academy
Building and equip Police Training Room as
backup EOC. Utilize Fire Company #3 and #4 as
additional back-ups as needed.
New Initiative All High 1.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 159
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Glastonbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Installation of a new emergency generator at
the Community Center. New Initiative All High 1.6
Glastonbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Purchase mobile generators to be utilized as
primary and backup power sources for Town
operations.
New Initiative All High 1.6
Glastonbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Replace inoperable generator at the Town
Hall/Academy Complex. New Initiative All High 1.6
Glastonbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Replace inadequate generators at the Police,
Highway and Parks Maintenance Facility New Initiative All High 1.6
Glastonbury Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Review feasibility of micro-grid system(s)
within the Town Center area to supplement
Town Facilities as well as specific business
community operations such as gas stations and
grocery stores.
New Initiative All High 0.9
Granby Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate private snow-removal contractors and
residents on not obstructing roads and the
right-of-way
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 4.8
Granby Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Continue to issue press releases and advisories
regarding hazardous conditions.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All High 4.8
Granby Natural Resource Protection -
Timber Management
Develop and implement timber management
program for town-owned property
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 1.4
Granby Natural Resource Protection -
Timber Management
Promote timber management planning with
other major landholders including McLean
Game Refuge, Granby Land Trust and the State
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 1.4
Granby
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Regularly update the communication protocols
with neighboring communities on road
closures and detour routing
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood High 3.4
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 160
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Use GIS technology in coordinating and
prioritizing response to events. New Initiative Flood, All Medium 2.8
Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Improve Public Works personnel contracts to
ensure adequate staffing for storm situations.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Snow, All
Granby
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Pursue increased funding for equipment and
labor as necessary for improved snow removal
operations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.1
Granby Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Educate police personnel on detour routing
protocols to ensure alternative routes can
accommodate trucks
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood 4.0
Granby Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Create a long range plan for placing utility
facilities underground.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind Low 1.9
Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate participation in the National Flood
Insurance Program’s Community Rating
System.
New Initiative Flood Medium 2.0
Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to pursue opportunities for service
and equipment sharing with neighboring
communities through CRCOG’s service sharing
initiative and otherwise
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All Medium 2.0
Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with DEEP to continue to monitor dams
as necessary
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams, Flood Medium 2.0
Granby Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Seek to increase local budget for tree
trimming.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind Medium 2.0
Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Enforce existing ordinance prohibiting roadway
obstructions.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.8
Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to work with FEMA and DEEP to
maintain zoning, subdivision and wetlands
regulations current with best practices
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Promote and implement best practices, such as
fire roads, dry hydrants, etc.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 1.8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 161
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Consider regulations requiring dry hydrant
installations in new developments
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 1.8
Granby Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Update the stormwater management plan as
necessary
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 1.8
Granby
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address priority bridges, culverts and other
drainage projects as may be identified in
Capital Improvement Plan
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
Granby Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Pursue opportunities to relocate wires where
they are vulnerable: areas of repetitive power
failure
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind Medium 0.9
Hartford Education & Awareness -
Workshops and Forums
Continue to offer educational forums for
residents on personal emergency planning
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.8
Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Continue with National Incident Management
System (NIMS) and Incident Management
Team training, with a particular focus on
response to natural disasters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Participate in local and regional hurricane
evacuation training
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update;
Training Completed in 2013
Wind High 4.0
Hartford Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Investigate communications systems that will
allow for emergency personnel to
communicate in currently uncovered areas,
and will facilitate interdepartmental
communications along the flood control
system
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All, Flood
Hartford Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems Take full advantage of Reverse-911 system.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan All Medium
Hartford Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Research, identify means, including potential
acquisition of public address systems, for
facilitating communications with residents,
especially those in low-income areas
vulnerable to disasters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 162
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Hartford Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue training for evacuation of special
needs populations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
Hartford Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Support regional assessments of how to
identify, maintain and use databases of special
needs populations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Maintain refrigeration for perishable food
items. New Initiative All High 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to participate in the MDC's Clean
Water Project planning process
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Update the flood control system maintenance
manual
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Train City employees, according to updated
manual, in proper maintenance techniques
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Pursue priority debris related projects,
especially along the North Branch of the Park
River, identified in the Capital Improvement
Plan
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Inspect and clean Park River relief conduit
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Consider applying to FEMA's Community
Rating System (CRS) program to help reduce
flood insurance premiums for property owners
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Hartford
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Pursue priority drainage projects identified in
Capital Improvement Plan
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Ensure that the City's flood control pump
stations can handle changes that may result
from MDC measures to address combined
sewer overflows
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 163
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Continue to implement necessary repairs and
upgrades required by FEMA and the Army
Corps of Engineers to retain certification
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.6
Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Upgrade flood control facilities to automate
warning systems and as many other features
as possible to increase safety
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.6
Hebron Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Develop and disseminate public outreach
materials to citizens
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.8
Hebron Natural Resource Protection -
Timber Management
Develop and implement timber management
plan for town-owned forested land
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 1.4
Hebron
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue informal arrangements with private
contractors
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All Medium 3.4
Hebron
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Establish the Fairgrounds as a shelter for pets
and other animals and as a staging location for
shuttle service to and from the shelter.
New Initiative All High 1.1
Hebron
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Expand salt/sand storage facilities Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow High 1.1
Hebron Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Continue to monitor bridges and culverts for
adequate flow capacity
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Hebron Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Establish a security review of all schools,
reevaluate current school plans, and establish
Standard Operations Plan (SOP) for all schools
in the Town of Hebron
New Initiative All High 2.3
Hebron Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to maintain special needs population
list for monitoring during emergency situations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 164
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Hebron Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Maintain and implement equipment
replacement schedules
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All Medium 2.0
Hebron Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Investigate regional service sharing initiatives
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All Medium 2.0
Hebron Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Continue with tree maintenance program
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, Wind, All High 2.0
Hebron Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to encourage installation of dry
hydrants in new developments without water
sources
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire High 1.8
Hebron Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to enforce development regulations
to minimize impacts on wetlands and flood
zones
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.8
Hebron Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Establish RHAM High School as a regional
shelter New Initiative All High 1.6
Hebron Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Establish Town Hall as the Emergency
Operations Center with generator New Initiative All High 1.6
Manchester Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Implement an educational system for property
owners, including appropriate materials and
means for information dissemination. (Include
information on importance of properly
maintaining private trees)
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.8
Manchester Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Implement an educational program for private
owners including materials and
recommendations for appropriate remediation
of private utilities that have been subjected to
flooding, for health protection and promotion
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, All Medium 4.8
Manchester Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Continue to update identified private
properties including businesses, food service
establishments, daycares and group homes
served by private wells and/or on-site septic
systems located within known flood risks
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 3.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 165
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Manchester
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue communications with Vernon
emergency management personnel
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Dams High 3.4
Manchester Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Maintain list of on-call consultant engineers
who can provide necessary assistance for
structural and other specialized engineering
assistance in response to impacts from natural
disasters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.8
Manchester Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Determine real estate disclosure practices in
high risk areas
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Manchester
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Upgrade identified flood prone roadways to
reduce potential for access being blocked due
to flooding
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
Manchester
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Upgrade bridge and/or other structure
replacements based upon potential impact
from flood hazards
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Manchester Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Implement needed improvements to build a
new Emergency Operations Center, when
funding is available, at the Department of
Public Works facility to withstand hurricanes
and other disasters.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Manchester Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Implement needed upgrades to electrical
system at the Senior Center, which is the
primary emergency shelter to allow year-round
use.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Manchester Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Install operating generators at all primary and
tertiary shelters and designated alternate care
sites.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Manchester Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Upgrade Emergency Operations Center
communications system, including any
necessary building upgrades.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 166
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Marlborough Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate residents on emergency preparedness
and services available in the event of an
emergency through town website, print media
and other means
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Marlborough Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Expand citizen volunteers available to manage
the town shelter New Initiative All Low 2.8
Marlborough
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Fund and perform routine maintenance on and
replacement of public works fleet
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.1
Marlborough
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Fund adequate staff and private labor for snow
removal operations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.1
Marlborough Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training Establish a local CERT team. New Initiative All Medium 4.0
Marlborough Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Expand citizen registration in Marlborough
Alerts/Everbridge Program New Initiative All High 1.8
Marlborough Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities Prepare a forest fire suppression study. New Initiative Fire Low 1.9
Marlborough Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities Monitor utility right-of-way maintenance
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All, Snow, Wind Medium 1.9
Marlborough Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Fund and institute routine maintenance of
trees in town right-of-way either through town
staff or private contractor
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All, Snow, Wind Medium 2.0
Marlborough Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate opportunities for cost savings
through sharing tree maintenance services
with neighboring communities through CRCOG
service sharing initiatives or otherwise
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All, Snow, Wind Medium 2.0
Marlborough Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Pursue opportunities, through CREPC and
otherwise, to obtain generators for shelters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 167
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Newington Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Notify Wilbur Smith, who is conducting the
New Haven-Springfield commuter rail study, of
town's flooding and rail safety concerns, and of
NRCS study's recommendations
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood, Other
Newington Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Continue to support Metropolitan District
Commission efforts to disconnect residential
tie-ins to the sewer system
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 3.6
Newington
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue to support CT DOT in state road
treatment
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 3.4
Newington
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Ensure proper operations of Emergency
Operations Center (EOC) New Initiative All High 3.4
Newington
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Plan and implement enhanced salt road
treatment technology, including storage facility
construction
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.1
Newington Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Continue training through Local Emergency
Planning Committee
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.0
Newington Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Ensure that Amtrak properly maintains existing
drainage system around rail bed
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Newington Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Ensure Town properly maintains its drainage
facilities near Stamm Road/Piper Brook
complex
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Newington Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop and implement street and public tree
maintenance plan
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind Medium 2.0
Newington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Coordinate with Central CT State University,
Amtrak, CT Department of Transportation and
Northeast Utilities to implement
recommendations of the NRCS study of Piper
Brook/Stamm Road area and\or explore other
alternatives (design initiatives) to ameliorate
the flooding.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 168
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Newington
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving
natural and artificial drainage systems New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Rocky Hill
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Work with the State DOT towards better
coordination and quicker State response to
clear State Roads
New Initiative All High 3.4
Rocky Hill Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Continue to work with and improve
coordination with utility companies to provide
first order power restoration to Century Hills,
senior housing, age restricted developments
and assisted living developments.
New Initiative All High 3.4
Rocky Hill Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Ensure and supply transportation access to
emergency shelters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 3.4
Rocky Hill
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Seek funding sources for purchase of shelter
supplies New Initiative All Medium 1.1
Rocky Hill
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Acquired specialize snow removal equipment New Initiative Snow High 1.1
Rocky Hill
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Prepare plans to identify a potential site for a
warehouse facility for storage of emergency
sheltering resources as State/Federal funding
becomes available.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.1
Rocky Hill
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Continue to replenish sheltering supplies (cots,
water, food, etc.) as expiration dates warrant.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All Medium 1.1
Rocky Hill Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Continue with advanced notification and
education of flood impacted property owners. New Initiative Flood High 1.8
Rocky Hill Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to support MDC’s Clean Water
project New Initiative Flood Medium 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 169
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Rocky Hill Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Hold meetings on a regular basis with utilities
to plan and coordinate natural hazard
mitigation and coordinated disaster response.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.0
Rocky Hill Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Hold meetings with utilities and nearby towns
on a regular basis to plan and coordinate
natural hazard mitigation and coordinated
disaster response.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All Medium 2.0
Rocky Hill Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue enforcement of fire hydrant and
sidewalk clearing ordinance New Initiative Snow High 1.8
Rocky Hill Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue implementation and enforcement of
the Town’s Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance and the Flood Overlay District
Zoning Regulation.
New Initiative Flood
High 1.8
Rocky Hill Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue municipal education and fine
program to disconnect residential sump pumps
from sewage system.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 1.8
Rocky Hill Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Acquire targeted properties as State/Federal
funding becomes available New Initiative Flood Low 0.9
Rocky Hill
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Improve the drainage on Beach Road by
installing a box culvert raising the road above
the flood elevation.
New Initiative Flood Medium 1.3
Rocky Hill
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Improve the end of France Street to provide a
two lane road meeting current design
standards.
New Initiative Flood, All Medium 1.3
Rocky Hill
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Complete Belden Brook piping. Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Rocky Hill
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Improve drainage system in the Terry Lane/Elm
Ridge Park area.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 170
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Rocky Hill Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Work with the MDC towards implementation
of flood protection measures. New Initiative Flood Medium 1.6
Rocky Hill Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Supply new generators and appropriate fuel
for The EOC/Police Station, the Library, the
High School and West Hill School to be used as
emergency shelters
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 1.6
Simsbury
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Co-ordinate efforts with DOT for Rt 185 work New Initiative Flood High 3.4
Simsbury
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain relationship with CL&P - currently
CL&P serves on local public safety committee
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, Wind High 3.4
Simsbury
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain informal agreements with local
contractors for emergency debris removal
work
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, Wind High 3.4
Simsbury
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain mutual aid agreements with
neighboring communities
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.4
Simsbury
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Purchase mechanical signs. Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
Simsbury Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Continue to implement upgrades to fire, police
and town-wide communications systems
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
Simsbury Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations Maintain special needs population list
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
Simsbury Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Work with convalescent and day care centers
to plan for evacuations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
Simsbury Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Explore participation in the Community Rating
System
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 171
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Simsbury Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Continue local tree maintenance work
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, Wind Medium 2.0
Simsbury Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to implement regulations prohibiting
net flow increase from new development
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought High 1.8
Simsbury Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Implement recommended regulations that
result from study of impervious coverage in
various areas of town
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.8
Simsbury Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Pursue acquisition of parcels with potential for
development along or within 100-year
floodplain to preserve as open space.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Simsbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Raise Riverside Road near Drake Hill Bridge New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Simsbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Raise Rt 185 near East Weatogue Street New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Simsbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Upgrade culverts associated with Stratton
Brook on Town Forest and Stratton Brook
Roads
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Simsbury
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Upgrade culverts associated with Bissell Brook
on Fire Town Road.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Simsbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities Equip secondary shelter at Tariffville School New Initiative All Medium 1.6
Simsbury Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Work with CREPC to obtain funding to
purchase generators for shelters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.6
Somers Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate residents on having a personal family
disaster safety plan and emergency supply kit.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 4.8
Somers Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Encourage new developments housing special
needs populations to include generators for
sheltering on site
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 172
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Somers Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Implement the recommendations of the
Somers Floodplain Management Study
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 2.0
Somers Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to use the Floodplain Management
Study as a resource in determining the
potential impacts of proposed development
and town projects to be included in the Capital
Improvements Program.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Somers Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with the DEEP to improve the Camp
Road dam.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dam Medium 2.0
Somers Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate participation in FEMA’s Community
Rating System program.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Somers Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property Continue preventive tree maintenance
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind, Snow, All High 2.0
Somers Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue installation of dry hydrants and
cisterns in needed areas of Town.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Fire Medium 1.8
Somers
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Improve drainage system through continued
replacement and maintenance of older
culverts.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 1.3
Somers Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Acquire emergency generators at Town Hall
and Senior Center to ensure continuity of
government and provide additional sheltering
capacity
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 1.6
South Windsor Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Use municipal website, Facebook, Twitter,
Everbridge, You-Tube, and all other available
means of social media to educate residents on
emergency preparedness
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All Medium 4.8
South Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Improve coordination with State DOT for
emergency staging and management for
debris, snow, and all other emergencies
New Initiative All High 3.4
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 173
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
South Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue regional efforts to improve
communications with CL&P and address
lockout/tag out system issues
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All High 3.4
South Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Work with CRCOG and State DEEP to establish
a regional debris management site New Initiative All High 2.8
South Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Establish MOU with local food distributors and
special emergency response equipment
suppliers for emergency services
New Initiative All High 2.8
South Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Establish a local debris processing site at
Barton Property New Initiative All High 1.1
South Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Support replacement of equipment New Initiative All High 1.1
South Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Purchase cots, food supplies, and other
equipment for emergency operations New Initiative All High 1.1
South Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Continue effort to require new employees to
sign on to Everbridge System New Initiative All Medium 4.0
South Windsor Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Purchase and implement call-back number
communication system which will enable the
town to broadcast.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
South Windsor Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities Produce GIS mapping of critical town facilities New Initiative All High 1.9
South Windsor Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Assess and make recommendations on public
and private structures including, but not
limited to, Avery Heights dam, dam at Lake St.,
dam at Veteran's Park off Parkview Dr., and
Dzen's dam
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams Medium 1.9
South Windsor Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Continue to maintain special needs population
list
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 174
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
South Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Schedule quarterly reviews of GIS layers (data
sets) and Town EOP New Initiative All High 2.0
South Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Prioritize recommended measures and work
with property owners to implement dam
repairs and improvements
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Dams Medium 2.0
South Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate participating in FEMA’s Community
Rating System.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
South Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to contract out tree maintenance
work, and to work with CL&P to maintain right-
of-ways
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Wind, Snow Medium 2.0
South Windsor Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to enforce regulations requiring the
dedication of open space in new developments
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
South Windsor Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations Continue to enforce wetlands regulations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
South Windsor Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Ensure that privately owned and installed
generators are installed correctly
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
South Windsor Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Will consider whether in the future there is a
need to adopt a regulation that requires senior
housing developments to install some kind of
generator to power at least a communal space
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update All Medium 1.8
South Windsor Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure Harden equipment for potential solar activity New Initiative Other Medium 0.9
South Windsor Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Provide generators for Town shelters, Town
Garage, Town Hall, and Police Department New Initiative All High 1.6
Stafford Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate private snow-removal contractors and
residents on not obstructing roads and the
right-of-way
New Initiative Snow Medium 4.8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 175
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Stafford Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach Continue to issue press releases and advisories New Initiative Snow, All High 4.8
Stafford
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Improve communications with neighboring
communities on road closures and detour
routing
New Initiative Flood, All High 3.4
Stafford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Improve Public Works personnel contracts to
ensure adequate staffing for storm situations New Initiative Snow, All Low 2.8
Stafford
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Pursue increased funding for equipment and
labor New Initiative Snow Medium 1.1
Stafford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Educate police personnel on detour routing
protocols to ensure alternative routes can
accommodate trucks
New Initiative Flood, All Medium 4.0
Stafford Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Create a long range plan for undergrounding
existing facilities New Initiative Wind Low 1.9
Stafford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to pursue opportunities for service
and equipment sharing with neighboring
communities through CRCOG’s service sharing
initiative and otherwise
New Initiative Snow, All Low 2.0
Stafford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with DEEP to continue to monitor critical
dams. New Initiative Dams Medium 2.0
Stafford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop action plan, time table and budget to
repair dams New Initiative Dams High 2.0
Stafford Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Enforce an ordinance prohibiting roadway
obstructions New Initiative Snow Medium 1.8
Stafford Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue to maintain zoning, subdivision and
wetlands regulations current with best
practices
New Initiative Flood High 1.8
Stafford Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Complete and implement stormwater
management plan New Initiative Flood, Drought Medium 1.8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 176
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Stafford
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address priority bridge, culvert and other
drainage projects identified in Capital
Improvement Plan
New Initiative Flood High 1.3
Stafford Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Pursue opportunities to relocate wires where
they are vulnerable: areas of repetitive power
failure
New Initiative Wind Medium 0.9
Suffield Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Conduct periodic educational outreach to
residents on storm readiness and property New Initiative All Medium 4.8
Suffield
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Encourage property owners to refrain from
dumping debris into stream channels and
drainage culverts.
New Initiative Flood Medium 1.3
Suffield Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Conduct a study to identify the worst areas of
surface flooding and develop methods to
alleviate the problem areas.
New Initiative Flood Medium 1.9
Suffield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Secure contractual tree removal services and
equipment prior to storm response and
cleanup.
New Initiative All Medium 2.0
Suffield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Preemptively clean debris out of select
drainage structures before and during heavy
storm events.
New Initiative Flood Medium 2.0
Suffield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop inspection program for culverts and
other stormwater management structures. New Initiative Flood Medium 2.0
Suffield Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Amend zoning regulations to require low
impact development techniques in new
development.
New Initiative Flood, Drought Medium 1.8
Tolland Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Raise awareness in the community of the
National Flood Insurance Program
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.8
Tolland Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Use town website to communicate emergency
planning information to residents
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Tolland
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Educate commissioners, developers and the
community on Low Impact Development
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 177
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Tolland
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Maintain agreements with private contractors
for emergency tree service work
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind, All Medium 3.4
Tolland
Preparedness - Enhance
Relationships & Coordination to
Improve Emergency Response
Continue good communications with public
safety officials in adjacent communities
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.4
Tolland
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Purchase additional signs, barricades and
related supplies for road closures and
alternate-route marking
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.1
Tolland Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Analyze and make recommendations to
improve natural and artificial drainage in
Industrial Park and Gages Brook
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Tolland Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Monitor CT DOT studies of Willimantic River
(Depot/South River Road Bridge)
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Tolland Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Inspect and evaluate the South River Road
Bridge center pier and make recommendations
for its improvement and/or maintenance
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood High 1.9
Tolland Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Identify private bridges that may need repair,
and reach out to owners to determine best
means of evaluating and implementing
necessary upgrades
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Tolland Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Analyze and make recommendations to
improve Gehring Road crossing of Spice Brook
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Tolland Prevention - Assess/Protect
Vulnerable Populations
Develop and maintain list of special needs
populations maintained by the Fire
Department
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 2.3
Tolland Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop a system for servicing/dredging fire
ponds and dry hydrants periodically
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Fire Medium 2.0
Tolland Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate participation in the Community
Rating System program.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Tolland Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Increase funding for preventive tree
maintenance
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Wind 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 178
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Tolland Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Implement Low Impact Development
regulations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought High 1.8
Tolland Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Continue erosion and sedimentation control
enforcement
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.8
Tolland Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Investigate purchase of campground located
on Shenipsit Lake Road.
Discontinued Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Tolland
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement recommendations of Industrial Park
study
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Tolland
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement recommendations of South River
Road Bridge analysis
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Tolland
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement recommendations of Gehring Road
study
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Tolland Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities Secure funding for generator acquisition
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.6
Vernon Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Conduct periodic educational outreach to
residents on storm readiness and property
maintenance issues
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 4.8
Vernon Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Conduct periodic outreach to private medical-
care facilities and apartment complexes to
encourage installation of generators
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.6
Vernon
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Incorporate equipment needs in Capital
Improvement Plan and pursue opportunities to
upgrade equipment
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow, All Medium 1.1
Vernon
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Pursue opportunities to obtain vehicles -
through grants, surplus military equipment, etc
Completed Action from 2008
Plan All
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 179
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Vernon Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems Improve public notification systems. New Initiative All Medium 1.8
Vernon Preparedness - Improve
Communications Systems
Acquire telephones, computer server and
back-up, mobile hand-held radios and enable
wireless connections
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Acquire weather monitoring system that
provides real-time data and alerts to inform
critical decision making for emergency
preparedness and response operations.
New Initiative All High 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Acquire water level monitoring system that
provides real-time data and alerts to inform
critical decision making for emergency
preparedness and response operations.
New Initiative Flood, Dams, All Medium 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Continue planning to implement GIS for use by
all town departments, including emergency
services
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study improvements to Franklin Road to
prevent flooding of road.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study improvements to Manchester Flats area
(Route 83, Welles and Main Streets) to prevent
area flooding.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Study improvements along Frederick Road to
prevent area flooding.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Vernon Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Complete the requirements to join FEMA's
Community Rating System to reduce flood
insurance premiums for residents
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Vernon Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Investigate CRCOG service sharing initiative for
opportunities to share equipment used in tree
maintenance
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.0
Vernon
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Upon completion of studies of problem
drainage areas, prioritize and implement
recommended improvements
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 180
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Vernon Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Work with CREPC to identify grant programs
for purchasing portable generators and
modifying buildings for hook-up
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All High 1.6
West Hartford
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Increase sheltering supplies (cots, water, food,
etc.). New Initiative All High 1.1
West Hartford
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Establish pet sheltering alternatives. New Initiative All Low 1.1
West Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Provide Incident Command training to all
personnel for position and function. New Initiative All Medium 4.0
West Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Provide shelter management training to all
personnel for position and function. New Initiative All Medium 4.0
West Hartford Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Provide specific incident action plan
development training to positions and
functions of EOC representatives.
New Initiative All Medium 4.0
West Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Ensure and supply transportation access to
emergency shelters. New Initiative All High 2.0
West Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Ensure ability of the town to safely shelter in
place, and when necessary, New Initiative All High 2.0
West Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with local fuel stations to ensure
adequate emergency generating equipment
for emergency response vehicles.
New Initiative All Medium 2.0
West Hartford Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Continue to implement Repetitive Flood Loss
Plan.
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood High 2.0
West Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Install generators at all primary and tertiary
shelters and designated alternate care sites. New Initiative All High 1.6
West Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Implement needed improvements to the
Emergency Operations Center to withstand
high wind and other natural and manmade
disasters.
New Initiative Wind, All High 1.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 181
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
West Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Upgrade and enhance operational equipment
in Emergency Operations Center including
radio communications, satellite
communications and visual display media.
New Initiative All Medium 1.6
West Hartford Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Identify and establish a secondary Emergency
Operations Center. New Initiative All Medium 1.6
Wethersfield Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Educate residents on new flood zone maps via
website, public access portals
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 4.8
Wethersfield
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Replace/enlarge sand/salt storage facility Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 1.1
Wethersfield
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Expand capacity for public works trucks and
equipment storage
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.1
Wethersfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Formulate tree maintenance plan based on
inventory and integrate it into Public Works
operating budget
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 2.0
Wethersfield Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Investigate and train with City Hartford on
operation of levee flood gates New Initiative Flood Medium 4.0
Wethersfield Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Evaluate impact of flooding on Historic District
significant buildings and provide protective
measures.
New Initiative Flood Medium 1.9
Wethersfield Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities Conduct a tree inventory
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Wind, All
Medium/Lo
w 1.9
Wethersfield Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Determine areas in Town with frequent
outages
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.9
Wethersfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Work with Connecticut Light & Power for
aggressive tree pruning program New Initiative Wind, All Medium 2.0
Wethersfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop plan for relocating public works
equipment in the event of flooding of Town
Garage
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 182
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Wethersfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Explore participation in FEMA’s Community
Rating System program to reduce flood
insurance premiums for residents
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Wethersfield Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Actively participate in and monitor planning
and implementation of MDC’s Clean Water
Project
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Wethersfield Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Ensure that any future development within
town AG zone will not increase the risk of
flooding and is built to withstand flooding
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Flood Medium 1.8
Wethersfield Structural Projects - Acquisition/
Relocation
Consider relocation of public works facility out
of flood hazard area New Initiative Flood Medium 0.9
Wethersfield
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Pursue opportunities to implement further
dredging and drainage projects through the
capital improvement program and any other
available funding sources
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Wethersfield
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Improve natural and artificial drainage areas
that affect road flooding
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Wethersfield
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Investigate making improvements to channel
and underground conduit of Folly Brook with
Army Corps of Engineers
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Wethersfield Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Consider full time emergency power
generators at all MDC sewage pump stations New Initiative Wind, All Medium 1.6
Wethersfield Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Consider full time emergency power
generators at fuel tank distribution terminals New Initiative Wind, All Medium 1.6
Wethersfield Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Work with Connecticut Light & Power to
relocate distribution underground in repetitive
outage areas, or harden facilities remaining
overhead
Existing 2008 Plan Action -
Modified for 2014-19 Update Wind, All Medium 0.9
Wethersfield Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Consider full time emergency power
generators at all private cell service providers New Initiative Wind, All Medium 1.6
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 183
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
and at all shelters and back up shelters.
Windsor Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Conduct public information campaign on
property maintenance with respect to
flooding, wind, freezing and other hazards
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.8
Windsor Education & Awareness - Targeted
Outreach
Work with local hotels to ensure adequate
emergency generating equipment to reduce
reliance on municipal emergency shelters
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 3.6
Windsor
Natural Resource Protection -
Preserve & Restore Natural
Functions
Increase stormwater retention capacity Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood, Drought Medium 1.3
Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Evaluate alternative technologies for snow and
ice removal
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow High 2.8
Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response Procedures
Review and install roadway management
system to determine optimal time for liquid ice
control application
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Snow Medium 2.8
Windsor
Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: New Facilities,
Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Increase sheltering capacity Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.1
Windsor Preparedness - Enhance Emergency
Response: Training
Increase training for hazard response, e.g.
National Incident Management System (NIMS).
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 4.0
Windsor Prevention - Assess Risks &
Vulnerabilities
Map flooding extents from 1984, 2003 and
2005 incidents
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.9
Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Prioritize watersheds based on historic
negative impact
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop and implement maintenance plan for
River Street retaining wall
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Develop and implement maintenance plan for
stormwater facilities
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 184
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Windsor Prevention - Processes to Mitigate
Damages to Life & Property
Pursue Community Rating System designation
from FEMA
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 2.0
Windsor
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Implement identified improvements to Mill,
Meadow and Deckers Brooks watersheds.
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Identify, prioritize and implement local road
improvements
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Pursue improvements of state roads with the
CT Department of Transportation
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure
Support Metropolitan District Commission
efforts to prevent flood water infiltration of
sewer system
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 0.9
Windsor Structural Projects - Protect/
Improve Utility Infrastructure Bury power lines at public safety buildings
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 0.9
Windsor Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities
Consider and develop a secondary Emergency
Operations Center
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.6
Windsor Locks Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Work with school system to reach out to
students/families to educate public New Initiative All Medium 4.8
Windsor Locks Education & Awareness -
Informational Public Outreach
Use local advertising opportunities to educate
public New Initiative All Medium 4.8
Windsor Locks Structural Projects -Strengthen/
Protect Critical Facilities Provide generators for critical town facilities. New Initiative All Medium 1.6
Windsor Locks Prevention - Strengthen Planning &
Development Regulations
Review, amend as necessary, and enforce land
use regulations
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update All Medium 1.8
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues on Kettle Brook at
Middle School on Center Street
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 185
Municipality Type of Mitigation Measure Strategic Action Status of Action (See Municipal Plans Section
for Additional Status Details)
Hazard
Addressed*
Priority
Planning
Level
Benefit-Cost
Ratio
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues on Industrial Road Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues at West and Spring
Streets
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues in the Smally Road
area
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues on Bristol Road Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues at Dibble Hollow and
Bel Air Circle
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues at Gaylord and
Lowndes Drive
Existing Action to be Continued
in 2014-2019 Plan Update Flood Medium 1.3
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues on Papermill Brook at
Center Street/Whitton Street.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
Windsor Locks
Structural Projects - Improve
Drainage, Culverts, Roads &
Bridges
Address drainage issues at Chestnut and Main
Streets.
Completed Action from 2008
Plan Flood
* Note: Wind hazards include hurricanes, tornados, and other high wind events. Snow also includes other winter storms such as ice storms. Other
includes hazards not specifically evaluated in this Plan Update such as man-made disasters and solar activity.
Analysis of Mitigation Actions and Processes
In considering which projects, processes, and other measures to undertake in the upcoming plan
period, municipal and regional officials evaluated the need to address problems and vulnerabilities in their communities against the communities’ resources and capabilities. In the development of the 2008 Plan, CRCOG and municipal staff prioritized mitigation strategies according to a variation of the STAPLEE evaluation process recommended in FEMA’s Developing the Mitigation Plan: Identifying Mitigation Actions and Implementation Strategies (April 2003). At that time, each strategy was scored according to the following criteria:
Social: Is the action socially acceptable (compatible with community values)? Technical: Is the strategy technically feasible? Administrative: Does the community have the capacity to implement and maintain the action? Political: Is there public support to implement and maintain the action? Legal: Does the community have the legal authority to implement the strategy? Economic: Is the action cost-effective? Environmental: Is the strategy consistent with environmental policies and goals?
During the plan update process, the STAPLEE method was again presented to municipal staff and regional planning committee members as a means for the communities to evaluate their current and proposed mitigation strategies and thus aid in setting priorities. Officials were asked to reassess existing projects which would remain in the plan update and evaluate new initiatives to terms of whether the projects were high priority (“Must Do”), medium priority (“Should Do”), or low priority (“Nice to Do”). While all projects proposed for the plan update were not specifically scored against the STAPLEE criteria, STAPLEE was presented as a means for helping determine priorities. (For additional details, see the Strategy Analysis and Prioritization discussion in Section V, Planning Process.)
The STAPLEE criteria also formed the basis for the evaluation of the planning level benefit-cost comparison of mitigation strategies. Benefit-Cost Ratios (BCRs) were prepared for projects based on the category or type of mitigation measures they represented. (See the previous discussion of types of mitigation measures.) Each type of measure was assigned a score related to its expected benefit and its expected cost to the community. The scoring system used is outlined in the table below: Table 24: Benefit-Cost Ratio Scoring Definitions
Scoring Benefits Costs
Low: 0-1 points
Few would benefit; the impacts being addressed are not severe; benefits may be short term.
Likely to be done by existing personnel with little impact on budget; Not complicated to accomplish. Costs to implement are likely to be under $10,000.
Medium: 2-3 points
Benefits may be felt by many in the community; the action may solve a problem or otherwise benefit the community for a number of years
May need additional funding or studies; May require change in practices; Costs to implement may be between $10,000 and $100,000
High: 4-5 points
Benefits would accrue to many in community; benefits may accrue to the most vulnerable or those not able to recover on their own; benefits would be long term and may permanently protect from damages.
Likely to cost over $100,000 and require obtaining funding outside of operating budget; complicated, lengthy process to implement
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 187
The following charts present the calculated planning level benefit-cost ratios of the proposed municipal and regional mitigation measures respectively. These BCRs were calculated at the planning level prior to full analysis of all costs and benefits associated with implementation. The assumed costs of projects and the benefits accruing from them are not based on specific detailed cost estimates as that level of analysis is not appropriate for this type of planning effort. For some projects, such as routine or recurring operations that are established practices and conducted with municipal general operating funds and existing staff, this may be the only explicit comparison of costs and benefits. For projects for which bonding and/or grant funding will be sought, more in-depth evaluations of costs and benefits may be required. As project scopes are detailed, benefits and costs can be identified with more precision and the benefit cost ratio which results from a full benefit cost analysis may differ from the planning level BCR presented here. It should be noted that higher BCRs do not necessarily correspond to high priorities, nor do low BCRs or BCRs under 1.0 correspond to low priority projects. An important project with a high priority to the community may have a lower BCR because of its complexity, assumed high expense, and other costs. Communities should not be discouraged or deterred from further consideration of projects which have low BCRs or BCRs less than 1.0 until additional, more specific, evaluations of the costs and benefits have been undertaken.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 188
Table 25: Benefit Cost Ratios for Municipal Mitigation Actions
Category of Strategy
Action Type
STAPLEE Factors:
S O
C IA
L
T E
C H
N IC
A L
A D
M IN
IS T
R A
T IV
E
P O
LI T
IC A
L
LE G
A L
E C
O N
O M
IC
E N
V IR
O N
M E
N T
A L
Total Points
B/C Ratio
Education & Awareness
Informational Public Outreach Benefits 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 29
4.8 Costs 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 6
Targeted Outreach Benefits 4 4 4 5 4 4 25
3.6 Costs 1 1 1 1 2 1 7
Workshops and Forums Benefits 3 4 4 4 4 4 23
3.8 Costs 0 1 2 0 1 2 6
Natural Resource
Protection
Preserve & Restore Natural Functions
Benefits 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 24 1.3
Costs 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 19
Timber Management Benefits 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 24
1.4 Costs 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 17
Preparedness/ Emergency Response
Enhance Relationships & Coordination
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 24 3.4
Costs 1 1 2 1 1 1 7
Enhance Emergency Response through Training
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 24 4.0
Costs 2 1 1 0 1 1 6
New Facilities, Equipment, Supplies, Personnel
Benefits 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 24 1.1
Costs 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 22
Enhance Emergency Response Procedures
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 25 2.8
Costs 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 9
Improve Communications Systems
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 24 1.8
Costs 3 1 3 1 2 3 13
Prevention
Assess Risks & Vulnerabilities Benefits 4 4 3 3 4 3 21
1.9 Costs 0 1 3 3 1 3 11
Assess/Protect Vulnerable Populations
Benefits 4 3 4 4 3 3 21 2.3
Costs 1 1 3 1 2 1 9
Mitigation Processes Benefits 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 26
2.0 Costs 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 13
Strengthen Planning & Development Regulations
Benefits 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 27 1.8
Costs 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 15
Structural Projects/
Modifications
Acquisition/ Relocation Benefits 2 4 3 2 4 3 4 22
0.9 Costs 4 3 4 3 4 4 2 24
Improve Drainage, Culverts, Roads & Bridges
Benefits 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 25 1.3
Costs 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 19
Protect/Improve Utility Infrastructure
Benefits 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 20 0.9
Costs 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 22
Strengthen/Protect Critical Facilities
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 25 1.6
Costs 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 16
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 189
Table 26: Benefit Cost Ratios for Regional Mitigation Actions
Regional Objective
Action Type
STAPLEE Factors:
S O
C IA
L
T E
C H
N IC
A L
A D
M IN
IS T
R A
T IV
E
P O
LI T
IC A
L
LE G
A L
E C
O N
O M
IC
E N
V IR
O N
M E
N T
A L
Total Points
B/C Ratio
Improve stormwater
management and ground water
recharge
Encourage municipal adoption of DEEP recommended practices
Benefits 4
4 4 4 4 4 24 4.8
Costs 1
1 1 1 1 0 5
Advocate through development referrals reviews
Benefits 4
4 4 4
4 20 5.0
Costs 1
1 1 1
0 4
Educate municipal staff and commissions
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 4.7
Costs 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 6
Participate in CT River Bi-State Partnership
Benefits 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 26 2.0
Costs 1 1 3 3 2 2 1 13
Assist municipalities in
implementing hazard mitigation
strategies
Maintain & Update Regional Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 16 2.0
Costs 1 2 4 2 1 3 1 8
Improve availability of data Benefits 4 4 4 3 4 4
23
1.8 Costs 0 3 3 3 1 3
13
Train CRCOG staff on Hazus-MH Benefits
4 4
4 4
16
2.0 Costs
2 3
1 2
8
Assist municipalities in seeking funding for mitigation measures
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4
24 2.7
Costs 1 1 3 1 1 2
9
Incorporate natural hazard mitigation into plans of conservation & development
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 3.5
Costs 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 8
Encourage municipalities to participate in CRS
Benefits 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 27 3.0
Costs 1 1 2 3 1 1 0 9
Work to improve communications regarding dams
Benefits 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 24 1.8
Costs 1 2 2 3 2 2 1 13
Encourage use of Get Ready Capitol Region website
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4
24 4.0
Costs 2 2 1 0 0 1
6
Encourage FEMA to recognize cumulative effect of winter storms
Benefits 4 3 3 4 3 2
19 1.5
Costs 1 3 3 2 1 3
13
Assist municipalities in efforts involving functional needs populations
Benefits 5 4 4 4 3 4
24 2.2
Costs 2 2 2 1 2 2
11
Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with
power disruptions.
Monitor state efforts to address municipal concerns regarding CL&P
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4
24 4.0
Costs 1 1 1 1 1 1
6
Encourage installation of generators
Benefits 4 4 3 3 3 3
20 1.7
Costs 2 1 2 3 3 1
12
Assist municipalities in minimizing risks associated with
droughts.
Assist municipalities to enact drought ordinances
Benefits 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 27 3.0
Costs 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 9
Assist municipalities in outreach to public regarding drought issues
Benefits 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 28 3.5
Costs 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 8
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 190
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 191
Section IV: Municipal Plans
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 192
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 193
Andover
Andover is a rural community on the eastern edge of the Capitol Region with a population of about
3,300. The town is approximately 15.7 square miles and has an elevation of about 400 feet above sea level. Andover is located in the Willimantic Watershed. Several small rivers and streams flow through the town including the Hop and Skungamaug Rivers and their tributaries: Burnap and Staddle Brooks. Bear Swamp Brook runs through the Nathan Hale State Forest located in the northeast corner of town. The State owned Bishop’s Conservation Area is located in the southwest corner of town and includes the 53-acre Bishop Swamp Pond. Andover Lake is a 155-acre lake in the southeast corner that provides recreational opportunities to members of the private association that owns it. The Doris Chamberlain Nature preserve with small pond and walking trails is located on Route 316 near School Road. The major transportation routes through Andover include state routes 6, 87, and 316. Principal industries include agriculture and small wood and machine shops.
Route 6 through Andover and the neighboring towns of Bolton and Coventry was a recent focus of a
transportation corridor study and review of economic development opportunities. As a follow-up to this study, the town anticipates reviewing its zoning regulations to consider revisions which could encourage commercial development at appropriate locations in the corridor.
Challenges
Storm damage from trees resulting in road blockages, power outages and debris accumulation is a major concern of the Town. Andover also contains significant forested land, including State Forest land, which poses some fire risk to residential areas. Andover is the smallest of the Capitol Region municipalities, has a limited staff and budget, and relies on a volunteer fire department. Nonetheless, the town has established working relationships with neighboring towns for assistance when needed.
The Town has two areas of localized flooding concern: Bunker Hill Road and the bridge over Hop
River, and the bridge on Long Hill Road over the Hop River. Debris accumulation and erosion of stream banks are the main contributors to flooding problems at those locations. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid four property damage claims in Andover totaling $4,980.94 to-date. The Town has not permitted any new construction in the special flood hazard area. Andover has had no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Although flooding is not as large a concern in Andover as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Andover might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $10 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 57
People Needing Shelter 40
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 8
Total Estimated Economic Losses $10,290,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $5,870,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $4,400,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $20,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 194
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Andover might face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $15 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 0
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 126
Buildings Completely Damaged 6
Total Estimated Economic Losses $14,800,000
Total Residential Building Losses $12,660,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $990,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $1,150,000
Total Debris Generated 28,188 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 44
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and local and private nonprofit agencies of $75,218.43. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality and Other (Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Andover $20,262.29 $21,914.70 $12,205.65 $54,382.64
Andover Other $3,250.81 $15,757.65 $1,827.33 $20,835.79
Andover Total $23,513.10 $37,672.35 $14,032.98 $75,218.43
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND COMMERCIAL DISRUPTION AND FACILITATE RECOVERY FROM NATURAL HAZARDS.
Objective 1: Improve warning notification through Reverse-911 and evacuation assistance.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 195
Strategic Actions 1.1 Monitor implementation of Reverse-911 system, and plan for updates.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this action referred to the implementation of the Tolland
County TN 911 dispatch system. This system’s set up is complete now. It is recommended that this mitigation activity remain in the plan, however to address any available updates for Andover.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds will be used for updates. Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Educate the public on new warning notification system, sheltering facilities and other
emergency preparedness measures. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: CERT notified town residents through door to door notifications, social media
updates, and signs at strategic locations throughout town. The Board of Education uses call out notifications to parents in the event of emergencies such as snow storms. It is recommended that this activity be continued.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds will be used to continue efforts. The town will investigate grant funding to acquire Everbridge for call out notifications.
Timeframe: 2014-2019: Outreach efforts will be made prior to storm events on an as needed basis throughout the 2014-2019 plan period. Also periodic public notifications will be made in the local weekly publication, River East.
1.3 Coordinate with municipal agent for the elderly on special needs population list
maintenance. Lead: Emergency Management/Agent for the Elderly Priority: Medium Status: CERT compiled list of vulnerable persons several years ago. It is recommended
that this activity be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds will be used to continue efforts. Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual reviews of the list
Objective 2: Ensure adequate natural hazard response and recovery through zoning and public works activities.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Areas draining into the Hop River will be monitored to identify and prevent future
erosion. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this project was described as: Study and implement improved
bank stabilization measures near bridge on Long Hill Road. State inspections have been conducted and the bridge is considered in good repair. It is
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 196
recommended that this mitigation action be modified to address additional areas along the Hop River.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Periodic inspections will be made during the course of normal public
works operations.
2.2 Study debris and flooding issues on Parker Bridge Road. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Parker Road Bridge is located in Columbia and Coventry. Flooding on Parker
Bridge Road has not been an issue in Andover. It is recommended to remove this activity from the plan.
2.3 Educate property owners on property maintenance, especially around natural and artificial
drainage systems. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Public works contacts property owners of specific problems as needed.
Proposed subdivisions and first cuts are reviewed for their drainage impacts. It is recommended that be continued. Applications for development are to be reviewed through the site plan and subdivision process for drainage impacts.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Establish a list of, and agreements with, private tree service companies to ensure prompt debris
removal service following storms. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: The list has been established and is periodically updated; agreements are made
as required. Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual reviews during the budget process
2.5 Investigate the CRCOG service sharing initiative, especially surrounding tree and other debris
removal equipment. Lead: Public Works, Selectmen Priority: Medium Status: Andover has used regional service sharing for road salt and will investigate use
of additional services if there are cost savings. The town maintains mutual agreements with neighboring towns for plowing and other services such as brush removal. It is recommended that this activity be continued.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Service sharing agreements will be considered as available during
the 2014-2019 plan period. The town participates several times a year at COST (Council of Small Towns), CCM and CRCOG meetings related to service sharing opportunities.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 197
Objective 3: Ensure capacity for emergency sheltering of residents.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Improve shelter facility, especially sanitary facilities, handicapped accessibility and generator.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: The Congregational Church and Town elementary school were used as an
additional emergency shelters in the last two years. It is recommended that this activity be continued to address the need for a generator for the Town Hall addition.
Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding will be investigated. Timeframe: 2014-2016
3.2 Investigate animal sheltering alternatives.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: In the 2008 Plan, it was proposed to Investigate pet sheltering alternatives. The
opportunity for this was reviewed and the animal shelter/dog pound was improved in 2010 to allow this facility to be used for sheltering animals during emergency situations. For the Plan Update, it is recommended that this activity be restated so that additional opportunities for sheltering larger animals such as horses can be pursued.
Potential Funding Sources: General budget funds Timeframe: Next three years (2014-2017).
Objective 4: Train first responders and provide proper support, including supplies and equipment.
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Continue to participate in National Incident Management System (NIMS) training.
Lead: Emergency Management, Public Safety Priority: High Status: Andover was the site of a NIMS small town training drill in August 2012; the
Town has also participated in statewide drills. New radios were purchased in 2013 for CERT volunteers. It is recommended that this activity be continued as opportunities are available.
Potential Funding Sources: Funding for NIMS is provided by FEMA. Timeframe: 2014-2019
4.2 Coordinate with DEEP on maintenance of the Andover Lake Dam and of state forest land for
structural integrity of dam, wild fire prevention and emergency response. Lead: Fire and Emergency Management Priority: Medium (The town reassessed the priority assigned to this project in 2008,
raising it from Low to Medium.)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 198
Status: Town land is under a forestry plan which includes periodic cutting and vegetation removal. Active coordination with DEEP has not been pursued to- date. It is recommended that efforts to meet with the state be pursued.
Potential Funding Sources: State funding to address state lands and facilities. Town efforts are self-funded from the harvesting of trees.
Timeframe: 2015-2019
Objective 5: Ensure residents are aware of the gas pipeline that runs through town.
Strategic Action: 5.1 Coordinate with pipeline owner on public education and outreach regarding line and
public safety. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Algonquin Pipeline Company, owner of the pipeline, has conducted several
outreach efforts to public officials. It is recommended that this activity be continued particularly with outreach to first responders.
Potential Funding Sources: Private (Gas Company) Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual seminars to be conducted by the gas company
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 199
Map 10: Andover Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 200
Map 11: Andover Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 201
Avon
Avon is a suburban town in north-central Connecticut with a population of about 18,000. It has an average elevation of about 350 ft. The Town encompasses 23.5 square miles, lying entirely within the Farmington River watershed. The Farmington River forms the Town’s western border then makes a u- turn in neighboring Farmington, to flow south to north in the eastern section of Avon. Major tributaries that course through Town include Big, Chidsey, Cider, Hawley, Nod, Roaring, Thompson, and Wiggin Brooks. Major state routes that pass through Avon include Routes 10 and 44. Insurance, printing, concrete products, poultry processing, reflective tapes, fiber optics and medical facilities are the major industries in Avon.
Challenges
Flooding and wintery weather can easily disrupt the transportation network in Avon, given the vast floodplain area and the steep terrain on the eastern edge of Town. Town staff also lack some basic resources to target mitigation and/or response measures, e.g. maps of structures in the floodplain and maps of Metropolitan District Commission (MDC) infrastructure that can be shared among public safety, planning, engineering and public works departments; however efforts have been made over the past five years to improve the Town’s mapping capabilities.
Flooding is a concern for the Town of Avon and it has taken steps to reduce its vulnerability. No new development or changes in land use have been approved recently in the floodplain. Addressing repetitive flood claims is another challenge for the Town of Avon and its property owners. Among the property owners in Avon with flood insurance, three properties have filed multiple claims amounting to total payments of $45,197. These repetitive flood claims make up most of the total flood loss claims filed in Avon. Overall, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has paid 15 claims in Avon totaling over $50,000 to-date.
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Avon might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $180 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 312
People Needing Shelter 673
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 114
Total Estimated Economic Losses $179,770,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $45,310,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $133,460,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $970,000
Losses from strong hurricanes would also be significant. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a Category
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 202
3 hurricane such as the 1938 Hurricane would be nearly $70 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 19
People Needing Shelter 2
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 372
Buildings Completely Damaged 15
Total Estimated Economic Losses $69,000,000
Total Residential Building Losses $51,100,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $11,200,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $6,700,000
Total Debris Generated 30,082 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 220
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of nearly $2.6 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses. Storm Alfred, by far, wreaked the most havoc on the town.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Avon $60,686.78 $148,578.36 $2,388,663.29 $2,597,928.43
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF NATURAL DISASTERS Objective 1: Have a plan for emergency responders to respond to high winds.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Develop and maintain agreements with local contractors for emergency tree and debris
removal, to quickly restore access throughout town, for emergency response. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: No agreement has been made. Service purchase approval process has been
developed.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 203
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 2: Improve emergency responders’ knowledge of emergency action plans.
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Continue to participate in regional National Incident Management System (NIMS) and
other emergency response trainings. Lead: Police and Fire Priority: High Status: Staff has updates as required; new staff continues to train. Potential Funding Source: FEMA funding through CRCOG and General funds. Timeframe: Periodically, as available during the 2014 – 2019
2.2 Inform municipal staff of revisions to emergency response action plan.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: All departments have updated their plan annexes and have access to the EOP.
The plan is routinely updated due to staff changes and new procedures. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 3: Ensure equipment is maintained in proper operative condition.
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Fully implement new fleet management system.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: Completed. System is operating and managed by Public Works.
3.2 Investigate CRCOG services sharing initiative, and potential for shared equipment, such as a chipper. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Completed. Equipment has been purchased for regional use, Skid steer, and
mini-excavator.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 204
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY DURING ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS Objective 1: Monitor weather conditions and relocate personnel in key locations to lower response times.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue with current practices of relocating personnel to the east side of the Farmington River
as needed. Lead: Fire and Police Priority: High Status: This is an established practice which is implemented on an as needed basis. The
Town has also developed an automatic response plan with UCONN Fire Department.
Potential Funding Source: Funds are not required; UCONN response is provided through mutual aid.
Timeframe: 2014-2019.
1.2 Use Connecticut Department of Transportation highway garage as staging area for local personnel. Lead: Fire and Police Priority: High Status: This action was previously stated as Talk to CT Department of Transportation
about using State highway garage as staging area for local personnel. This action was accomplished. Units can be staged if necessary. The Town will continue to maintain a working relationship with ConnDOT and will use the garage for staging on an as needed basis throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.
Potential Funding Source: Not required (State and Local staff will implement.) Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Provide satellite televisions for Public Works and Fire Departments to monitor information when power and cable are out. Lead: Fire, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Completed. Police and Fire Departments have satellite TV.
Objective 2: Ensure adequate staffing and provide staff with necessary tools to respond to event.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Upgrade more staff members to wireless communication systems.
Lead: Emergency Management
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 205
Priority: Medium Status: Completed. All EOC staff have smart phones; many have laptops w/wifi.
2.2 Implement web-based GIS, and provide access to sensitive information for emergency
responders. Lead: Emergency Management, Planning Priority: Low Status: Complete. We have a web based program known as Community Explorer
Online (CEO) available to all responders. Continual and ongoing updates to the system will be made as plan program changes.
2.3 Map structures located in floodplains, and develop a targeted Reverse-911 list for those
property owners. Lead: Engineering Priority: Low Status: GIS staff continues to develop data. Continual development and updates to the
system will be made throughout the 2014 – 2019 planning period. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Acquire a portable generator and enable hook-ups at shelters and emergency response
facilities. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Completed. All public safety facilities have backup generators; however, two
communication sites have been identified as needing generators. Main shelter site is equipped with backup power.
Potential Funding Source: General fund, grants Timeframe: Project is expected to be initiated between 2014 and 2018. Completion
will follow receipt of funding - estimated to be 2015-2019.
Objective 3: Coordinate with all local, state and federal agencies and authorities.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Map, or obtain mapping of, MDC infrastructure in town.
Lead: Planning Priority: Low Status: This is an established practice. Engineering is attempting to get data from
MDC. Continual development and updates to the system will be made throughout the 2014 – 2019 planning period.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 206
3.2 Meet with MDC staff to discuss coordinated emergency response planning.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Participated in MDC yearly drills; Engineering is attempting to get data from
MDC. Will continue to maintain a working relationship with MDC and will participate in future drills throughout the 2014 – 2019 planning period.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.3 Coordinate with other agencies on an as needed basis. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY DURING SIGNIFICANT FLOODING EVENTS Objective 1: Continue to enforce the towns of Avon's flood plain regulations.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue with current development review and enforcement practices.
Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: High Status: Regulations require structures be built above the 500’ flood zone. Proposed
development is routinely evaluated for conformance with floodplain regulations during the development review process. This practice will continue throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Note: the following strategy was in the 2008 Plan but will not be identified as a separate action in the 2014-2019 Update.
1.2 Ensure that an equal amount of compensation for any project that negatively affects
flood flows. Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 207
Status: Proposed development in the floodplain is required to be constructed in accordance with the Town’s floodplain regulations, including compensatory storage. Implementation of this strategy is covered within the strategic action above (1.1 Continue with current practices). For this reason, the Town has opted not to include this as a separate strategic action for the update.
Objective 2: Educate public in regards to town's emergency plan and emergency shelter.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Use municipal website and town newsletter to periodically update residents.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: The Town has undertaken a number of activities over the past five years to
implement this strategic action. For example, relevant information is routinely posted on the town web site; pertinent articles have been written for the town newsletter and FEMA STEP training has been provided for all 5
th grade students.
Potential Funding Source: General funds, DEMHS funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Periodic informational updates; annual STEP training
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 208
Map 12: Avon Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 209
Map 13: Avon Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 210
Bloomfield
The Town of Bloomfield encompasses 26.4 square miles with an average elevation of about 150 feet. The 2010 Census reported Bloomfield’s population at 20,486 Bloomfield is primarily within the Park River Watershed. Portions of the Town at the northwest and eastern edges also drain to the Farmington River and directly to the Connecticut River via local brooks. Main watercourses within the Town include Wash, Tumbledown, Beaman, Griffin, and Mill Brooks. Four major flood control reservoirs owned by CT DEEP, and jointly maintained by DEEP and the Town, are located in Bloomfield within the Park River watershed. Large portions of a MDC reservoir and Penwood and Talcott Mountain State Parks are also located in the Town. Major transportation routes through Town include east-west state Routes 218 and 178, as well as north-south running routes 185, 187 and 189. Industries include insurance, aerospace products, specialized tools, electronics, gold and diamond products, diversified industries and agriculture.
Challenges
Flooding is a major concern for the Town of Bloomfield. The Connecticut Department of Environment and Energy owns and manages most of large flood control structures within Bloomfield’s borders. The Town does provide limited maintenance to flood control structure. Small areas of the community are frequently subject to flooding, including along Tunxis Avenue and the Town Center, especially around the library. Ensuring proper maintenance of streambeds, to prevent flooding, is also a challenge, as many run across private property.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 41 property damage claims in Bloomfield totaling $297,353 to-date. The NFIP has paid out has nine Repetitive Loss Property claims on three properties in Bloomfield to-date. These claims have totaled over $70,000. The Town has taken steps to reduce its vulnerability to flooding. Since 2008, there have been three demolitions of structures located totally or partially in the floodplains. The Old Masonic Hall at 3 Tunxis Avenue, a residential outbuilding at 60 Tunxis Avenue and the warming shed on Filley Park. The Town also adopted new zoning regulations which included a major overhaul and updating of the Floodplain section in 2009. This update of the Floodplain section was in response to directives from FEMA to strengthen the regulations to continue our participation in the Flood Insurance Program.
A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Bloomfield might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $22 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 197
People Needing Shelter 373
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 30
Total Estimated Economic Losses $21,720,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $6,440,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $15,160,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $120,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 211
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Bloomfield might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $86 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 33
People Needing Shelter 8
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 742
Buildings Completely Damaged 36
Total Estimated Economic Losses $86,400,000
Total Residential Building Losses $55,650,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $20,250,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $10,500,000
Total Debris Generated 35,692 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 349
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $3 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town & Other (Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Bloomfield $88,130.28 $8,275.76 $2,882,712.48 $2,979,118.52
Bloomfield Other $26,720.34 $26,720.34
Bloomfield Total $88,130.28 $8,275.76 $2,909,432.82 $3,005,838.86
The chart above indicates the amount of Federal (FEMA) claims that the Town of Bloomfield made in
2011. It does not reflect the total amount of economic losses suffered by the community during those events. Debris management and snow storage are issues facing the Town following major storm events.
Another challenge to the Town is maintaining vehicle access through the town during and after
disasters. Route 185 is a major east-west route over the ridge in western Bloomfield and the Farmington River in neighboring Simsbury. When Route 185 is closed due to debris or ice and snow, significant traffic volumes must be re-routed in Bloomfield.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 212
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF FLOODING Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving natural and man-made drainage systems.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Install storm water drainage on those Town roads where it currently does not exist; and
improve/replace inadequate storm water systems that currently do exist. Lead: Engineering/Public Works Priority: Very High Status: Engineering is currently identifying those areas which need either storm water
sewer system installation or replacement. Potential Funding Sources: Capital budget Timeframe: FY 2013-2014 and in future years as needed (2014-2019).
1.2 Encourage property owners to maintain and clear debris from stream channels.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred except as related to specific wetlands violations. It is recommended to
continue this effort in the plan update. May consider a review of town ordinances. Could include website updates. Specific means of outreach to be defined and addressed within 2014-2019 plan period.
Potential Funding Sources: Operations & maintenance budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Where feasible, improve and/or modify existing structures that experience flooding to protect from flood damage. Previous plan strategy:
2.1 Acquire and demolish house on Tunxis Ave. that regularly experiences flooding.
Lead: Administration Priority: Medium Status: Property owner demolished one outbuilding on property subject to flooding.
Primary residence remains. (This strategic action will be replaced by 2.1 below.)
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Improve awareness and encourage flood-proofing for threatened structures.
Lead: Engineering/Building
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 213
Priority: Medium Status: Efforts have been initiated including posting information regarding flooding
issues and the NFIP on the Town website. Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding and Capitol Budget Timeframe: By 2018.
2.2 Further study and pursue protection measures for Town Library.
Lead: Engineering & Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Preliminary study completed. Two options: relocate to town hall site or add
space to facility at higher elevation. Options are still under consideration and further study will be undertaken. Procedures have been put in place for moving books prior to expected flooding.
Potential Funding Sources: Bonding supplemented by potential grants. Timeframe: 2014-2019.
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF SEVERE WEATHER Objective 1: Minimize potential debris from severe storms.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Conduct a tree and vegetation inventory and develop a maintenance program.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred; It is recommended to continue this effort. Potential Funding Sources: Grants, Capital or O&M budgets Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Improve ability of public works to prepare and respond to severe weather.
Previous plan strategy:
2.1 Ensure public works has adequate equipment to respond to downed electric wires.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred, downed electric wires need to be handled by CL&P authorized
personnel. (This strategic action will be replaced by 2.1 below.)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 214
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Ensure public works has adequate facilities and necessary equipment to be responsive to
various storm types. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: Improve facilities and acquire equipment necessary to plan for, respond to, and
manage storms and consequence management operations. Need to analyze and improve existing operations facility, improve communications, acquire generators, chippers, bucket trucks, slow speed grinders, saws, upgrade electric system at various facilities, provide quartering and other life support capabilities at public works facility in order to sustain extended storm clean up and debris management efforts.
Potential Funding Sources: Capital budget, O& M budget Timeframe: Annually during the budget review process (2014-2019).
Objective 3: Implement a resource sharing program with other public works departments.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue to explore service sharing arrangements and engage in CRCOG's service sharing
initiative. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Resources are routinely shared with other communities during incidents and
will continue. State mutual aid agreement has been formalized but needs further development to deal with risk and payment of public works staff.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants through region. Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 4: Improve coordination among, and ability of, all town staff to respond appropriately to severe weather. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Ensure that all town officials are familiar with emergency preparedness plans.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Department heads have done debriefing after events and periodic reviews of
emergency preparedness plans Potential Funding Sources: O&M general budget; grants could be sought for specific exercises. Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual review of plan
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 215
4.2 Improve/replace existing Town communication system in favor of one that is more reliable and
has better coverage during storm events. Lead: Emergency Management/Public Works/Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a newly identified initiative for the plan update; however, a steering
committee is currently meeting to plan the replacement and develop equipment costs.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, Capital Budget. Timeframe: FY 2013-2014
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 216
Map 14: Bloomfield Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 217
Map 15: Bloomfield Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 218
B o l t o n
Bolton is a rural community in Tolland County with a population of about 5,000. The town is approximately 14.4 square miles and has an elevation of about 700 feet above sea level. Bolton’s elevation makes it the high point of the three watersheds it is divided among: the Hockanum, Willimantic, and Salmon. Principal watercourses in Bolton include Railroad Brook, Hop River, Porter Brook, Blackledge River and Baker Brook. The main industries in Bolton include agriculture, manufacturing of printed circuits, commercial cleaning solvents, candy manufacturing, and small machine shop. Major transportation routes through Bolton include the terminus of Interstate 384 and state routes 44, 6 and 85.
Challenges
The Town has a couple of specific areas of concern with respect to flooding, as a result of an under-
sized or older culvert. Flooding is typically localized, generally affecting roads rather than facilities and buildings. Financing the studies, planning and actual implementation of new culverts is a major concern. Beaver dams at Notch Pond are also a concern for localized flooding. Bolton has not had any changes in permitting or regulations that would increase its vulnerability to natural hazards since the adoption of the 2008 Plan.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid two property damage claims in Bolton totaling
$3,989.54 to-date. Bolton has no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Although flooding is not as large a concern in Bolton as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage particularly to residential properties. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Bolton might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $2 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1% (100-Year) Flood
Households Displaced 34
People Needing Shelter 14
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 0.00
Total Estimated Economic Losses $1,970,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $1,540,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $440,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $0.00
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Bolton might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be significant and could be over $25 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated
Damages from
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 227
Buildings Completely Damaged 15
Total Estimated Economic Losses $25,315,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 219
a 1938
Strength
Hurricane
Total Residential Building Losses $19,985,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $2,759,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $2,571,000
Total Debris Generated 25,149 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 88
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other public and private nonprofit agencies of over $175,000. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Bolton $27,738.45 $20,197.39 $127,070.54 $175,006.38
In addition, some areas of Bolton are served by older electrical infrastructure and are especially
vulnerable to power outages. As a result, many residents own their own generators; however, the safe operation of generators in houses is a concern to public safety officials. During power outages generators are needed for the operation of grinder pumps serving some residences.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
The Town of Bolton reviewed the Goals, Objectives and Strategies proposed in the 2008 Plan and determined that the previous goal, its associated objectives and the established mitigation actions should remain. In addition, the Town proposed to initiate several additional strategic actions for the upcoming five years. Several mitigation actions proposed in the 2008 Plan have been completed. These are: 1.1 Study School Road culvert associated with Baker Brook and recommend improvements.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Completed
1.2 Implement improvements recommended in above study. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Completed
2.4 Pursue opportunities to increase sheltering capacity. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Completed
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 220
The following is the Town of Bolton’s Mitigation Strategy for the 2014-2019 Plan Update: GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY, AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Ensure safe access throughout town during storm events and floods.
Strategic Actions:
1.1 Study Lyman Road culvert associated with Blackledge River and recommend improvements.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Initial efforts are underway, however study is not complete. Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget/Grants Timeframe: 2015-2019.
1.2 Implement improvements recommended in above study.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for implementing the recommended improvements. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: Study needs to be completed first. Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget/Grants Timeframe: 2018-2019
1.3 Continue informal arrangements with private contractors for emergency tree/debris removal. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget Timeframe: Annually throughout the 2014-2019 plan period
1.4 Monitor and maintain drainage and flood control systems.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Sources: Operating Budget Timeframe: Annually throughout the 2014-2019 plan period
1.5 Study Johnson Road culvert/dam and recommend improvements. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget/Grants Timeframe: 2015-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 221
1.6 Implement improvements recommended in above study.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for implementing the recommended improvements. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget/Grants Timeframe: 2018-2019
1.7 Monitor and manage Notch Pond Dam beaver population. Lead: DEEP with Public Works Priority: High
Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 2: Reduce power outages resulting from natural hazards and their consequences.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Pursue opportunities to update and/or underground transmission lines.
Lead: Public Works, Planning, Administration Priority: Low Status: This is an established practice. Efforts will continue dependent on funding Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget/Grants Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
2.2 Maintain good communications with utility companies.
Lead: Public Works, Public Safety, EMD Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget Timeframe: Annually throughout the 2014-2019 plan period
2.3 Conduct public outreach on safe operation of generators.
Lead: Emergency Management, Building Official Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget Timeframe: Annually throughout the 2014-2019 plan period
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 222
Objective 3: Ensure emergency services are prepared to respond to natural hazard events.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Implement new town-wide communications system.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: High Status: In Progress Potential Funding Sources: Town Operating Budget Timeframe: Project is expected to be completed in 2014
3.2 Develop and implement plan to power residential grinder pumps during prolonged power outages. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration with the Bolton Lakes Regional Water
Pollution Control Authority (BLRWPCA) Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: Grants Timeframe: 2014-2015
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 223
Map 16: Bolton Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 224
Map 17: Bolton Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 225
Canton
Canton is a rural town in Hartford County with a population of about 10,000. The Town encompasses 25 square miles and has an elevation ranging from 250 feet in Collinsville to 1100 feet in North Canton. Canton lies within the boundaries of the Farmington River Watershed. The principal watercourses in Town include the Farmington River and the Cherry, Barbour, and Jim Brooks. The major transportation routes that run through Canton include state routes 44, 202 and 179. Major industries located in Canton include plastic injection molding, small businesses and large commercial retail, restaurants, small farming, art galleries, and antique shops.
Challenges
The Town faces flooding challenges, especially at the sewage plant and town garage along the
Farmington River, as well as at Dowd’s Corner where the East Branch of Rattlesnake Brook meets Rattlesnake Brook. The town garage is located about four feet under Base Flood Elevation. Private properties, including at least one commercial property, at Dowd’s Corner have experienced repetitive flood losses. There has been over $70,000 in claims paid out for repetitive losses on six properties insured under the National Flood Insurance Program. Overall, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has paid 25 claims in Canton totaling nearly $123,000 to-date. Since 2008, there has been no new construction in the floodplain; however, recently a residence located in the floodplain was approved to be reconstructed with the foundation at base flood elevation.
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Canton might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $52 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 155
People Needing Shelter 245
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 34
Total Estimated Economic Losses $52,170,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $16,300,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $35,680,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $180,000
Losses from strong hurricanes would also be significant. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a Category 3 hurricane such as the 1938 Hurricane would be nearly $20 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 226
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 1
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 148
Buildings Completely Damaged 3
Total Estimated Economic Losses $19,900,000
Total Residential Building Losses $15,800,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $2,200,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $1,900,000
Total Debris Generated 23,947 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 83
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $486,000. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town and Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Canton $37,329.72 $33,659.34 $386,482.66 $457,471.72
Canton Other $3,630.46
$25,154.85 $28,785.31
Canton Total $40,960.18 $33,659.34 $411,637.51 $486,257.03
In addition, if the dam at the Barkhamsted Reservoir, located outside of Canton, failed, Canton would experience serious flooding along the Farmington River in about 20 minutes. Similarly, a failure in the Nepaug Reservoir Dam also located just outside of Canton, would quickly cause serious flooding in town. Maintaining accessibility throughout Town during storms is another challenge, given the number of rivers and streams, and the steep slopes in many areas. Areas of potential concern include maintaining access in North Canton and maintaining access and power to the Town elderly housing development at 21 Dowd Avenue.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY, AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Reduce flooding damages to existing municipal infrastructure.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 227
Strategies: 1.1 Continue to monitor the availability of an appropriate site for relocating the town garage.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: The Town has developed cost estimates to construct a new garage, identified a
site, and held a referendum in 2013, which was not approved by residents. The Town applied for FEMA Pre-Disaster Mitigation Program funds in 2010 to assist in relocating the garage but was unsuccessful in securing these grant funds. Efforts to be undertaken 2014-2016, dependent upon availability of funding and approval of residents
Potential Funding Source: Bonding, grants Timeframe: 2014-2016
1.2 Maintain flood proofing measures protecting the sewage treatment facility.
Lead: WPCA, Public Works Priority: High Status: Supervision and control measures have been established as standard operating
practices. Flood proofing measures will continue to be maintained on a routine and as needed basis.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 2: Reduce flooding damages to private properties.
Strategies: 2.1 Develop a list of private properties for acquisition as they become available at Dowd’s Corner.
Lead: Planning, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: While no formal plan has been implemented, the Town has considered this
strategy as a possibility. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: Efforts to be initiated 2014-2016; completion is estimated for 2019.
(Note: The 2008 Plan also included a related mitigation activity to, “Pursue opportunities for purchasing listed properties.” Because no formal list has been developed yet, this follow-up activity has not been included in the Plan Update.) 2.2 Continue to review and enforce development regulations to prevent increased flood risks.
Lead: Planning, Engineering, Building Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 228
Status: Applications for development are routinely reviewed for their conformance to flood plain, inland wetlands, and erosion and sedimentation control regulations as they are received. Town inspectors ensure the developments are constructed in conformance with approved plans and regulations. The Town has proposed amendments to the zoning regulations to add low impact development (LID) requirements.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.3 Study potential impacts of Nepaug Reservoir Dam failure.
Lead: Emergency Management, Planning, Administration Priority: Low Status: Deferred. A meeting with the Metropolitan District Commission is anticipated in
2014 to discuss planning for a potential failure of the dam and its impacts. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2016.
2.4 Develop appropriate evacuation plan based on Nepaug Reservoir Dam failure.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Work with MDC to analyze existing plans and update as necessary. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2016.
2.5 Develop appropriate evacuation plan based on Barkhamsted Reservoir Dam failure studies.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Work with MDC to analyze existing plans and update as necessary. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2016.
2.6 Enhance town warning system: sirens, public address systems, etc.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: This project, which was identified in the 2008 Plan, has been completed.
Objective 3: Ensure good traffic management during any type of hazard event.
Strategies: 3.1 Maintain good communications with neighboring communities’ public safety officials to
coordinate road closures and detours. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: High Status: This is an established practice.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 229
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Educate residents on most common alternative routes in advance of storms through
municipal website and other resident communications. Lead: Police, Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Continue to utilize media, such as the Town website and QNotify to relay
information to residents. This will be a sustained and routine procedure undertaken in advance of anticipated events.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 4: Minimize power disruptions.
Strategies: 4.1 Maintain good communications with Connecticut Light & Power.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. CL&P has instituted a Town Liaison Program
which has helped to ensure good communications between town officials and the utility.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 230
Map 18: Canton Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 231
Map 19: Canton Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 232
East Granby
East Granby is a rural community in the Capitol Region that covers encompasses about 17.5 sq.
miles and has a population of approximately 5,277. Most of the land area in Town falls in the Farmington River Watershed, though the northeastern portion drains to the Stony Brook watershed. The Farmington River forms the southern municipal boundary. The Salmon and Muddy Brooks are major tributaries to the Farmington that flow through East Granby. Other watercourses running through town include Holcomb, Sanborn and Shelden’s Brooks. Farming has traditionally been the mainstay of the Town however today’s principle industries include manufacturing and quarrying. The major transportation routes through East Granby are State routes 20, 187 and 189. The Connecticut Air National Guard has a base in East Granby. Bradley International Airport, while primarily located in Windsor Locks to the east, has runway space in East Granby.
Challenges
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid three property damage claims in East Granby
totaling $2,317 to-date. East Granby has no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, East Granby has not permitted any new structures or had any demolitions in the floodplain. Although flooding is not as large a concern in East Granby as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of East Granby might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $13 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 67
People Needing Shelter 96
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 13
Total Estimated Economic Losses $13,340,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $7,210,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $6,110,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $10,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of East Granby might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $20 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 1
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 135
Buildings Completely Damaged 6
Total Estimated Economic Losses $19,800,000
Total Residential Building Losses $13,580,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 233
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $4,210,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $2,040,000
Total Debris Generated 21,073 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 67
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of $643,437.30. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
East Granby $75,416.27 $12,698.57 $555,322.46 $643,437.30
In the past, the town experienced roof collapses due to heavy snow loads on flat roofed buildings.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE IMPACTS OF FLOODING ON PEOPLE AND PROPERTY Objective 1: Strengthen land use regulations, and their implementation, to ensure flood risks do not increase.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Consider requiring more low impact development measures through zoning regulations.
Lead: Community Development Priority: Medium Status: Adopted performance based LID regulations in 2012. Will continue to evaluate
applications to existing development and amendments to the regulations. May look at case studies.
Potential Funding Sources: Used DEEP grant to develop regulations. Will explore additional grant funding options for future efforts.
Timeframe: 2015-2018
1.2 Educate land use officials on low impact development techniques. Lead: Community Development Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 234
Status: Prepared education manual to accompany model regulations. Will work with development community on expectations for use of LID as part of development review process and will look into developing demonstration sites. Demonstration site would be dependent on available funding.
Potential Funding Sources: grant funding Timeframe: 2015-2018
Objective 2: Encourage acquisition of undeveloped land subject to flooding as open space.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Develop an open space plan, with special attention paid to land along rivers and streams not
only because of flooding concerns, but also for recreation and wildlife management interests. Lead: Community Development Priority: Medium Status: Deferred; however, as part of the LID project, the Town conducted a natural and
cultural resources inventory which will set the stage for identifying open spaces. State funds were used to buy development rights for 400+ acres of farmland. The Town will be updating the Plan of Conservation and Development in 2014.
Potential Funding Sources: Limited funds available in town open space fund which is funded through fees in lieu and from the CIP.
Timeframe: 2014-2019: Further initial efforts to be considered as part of POCD update in 2014. Develop priorities for evaluating parcels for preservation: 2017. Complete Plan: 2019.
Objective 3: Improve stormwater management practices to reduce runoff.
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Continue to implement measures under Phase II MS4 Stormwater program. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: Nearly complete with mapping: Used CRCOG 2009 aerials to identity and mark
manholes, catch basins, culverts. Will continue work in the plan update period. Potential Funding Sources: Operating budget
Timeframe: Expect completion in 2014.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 235
Objective 4: Ensure that vulnerable areas remain accessible during floods.
Strategic Actions:
4.1 Develop a plan for accessing flood prone areas, such as Winding Hill Road. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management, Community Development and
Administration Priority: Medium Status: Identified two new routes for emergency access. Construction of Tunxis Avenue
access is anticipated for fall 2013. Cowles Park access option is in the planning process currently.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating funds. Timeframe: 2013-2014 for Tunxis; 2017-2018 for Cowles Park
4.2 Implement recommendations from above-mentioned plan. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management, Community Development and
Administration Priority: Low Status: Underway (see above) Potential Funding Sources: Cowles Park – operating budget Timeframe: 2013-2014 for Tunxis; 2017-2018 for Cowles Park
4.3 Address Floydville Road culvert, either by cleaning or by replacing.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Low Status: Completed: replaced in 2011. No additional work needed.
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF HIGH WIND AND WINTER STORM EVENTS Objective 1: Ensure adequate tree trimming in public rights-of-way.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue tree evaluation practices.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: The Director of Public Works is also the Town’s tree warden and routinely
although informally evaluates maintenance; will consider more formal process and identification of areas with overhead wires.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 236
Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: Initiate in 2015. Complete in 2017.
1.2 Continue to contract out preventive maintenance of trees.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Purchased bucket truck in 2010 to do some work with town staff. Will continue
to contract for larger jobs. Routine work to be carried out with town staff. Annual review to be conducted during budget process.
Potential Funding Sources: operating budget. Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Minimize power outages.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Analyze areas where outages occur and monitor new developments.
Lead: Public Works, Police, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Held two workshops with industrial users to identify reliability issues over the
last two years. Will hold another workshop on cogeneration for manufacturers. Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: Expect completion in 2014
2.2 Work with utility to reduce outages in areas frequently without power.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Worked with CL&P on aggressive tree cutbacks and to identify a prioritized list
of facilities for power restoration. This effort is completed. (CL&P upgraded transmission line after Storm Alfred.)
Objective 3: Communicate effectively with residents before, during and after hazard events.
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Continue to maintain special needs population list. Lead: Administration Priority: Medium Status: Updated quarterly and available to public safety personnel. Potential Funding Sources: operating budget
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 237
Timeframe: Will continue to maintain quarterly throughout 2014-2019 3.2 Monitor and ensure effective implementation of Reverse-911 system.
Lead: Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Purchased Everbridge Aware module in 2012. Will continue to maintain annual
subscription. Will consider tying Everbridge into website for notifications. Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: To be included annually as line item in police/public safety budget.
Objective 4: Ensure that roads in East Granby remain passable.
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Treat roads in advance of winter storms, when possible.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Advance treatment is routinely carried out. Will continue. Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: In advance of storms.
4.2 Continue to address state roads, when necessary to maintain safety. Lead: Public Works Priority: Low Status: Work to clear state road is done as necessary. Will continue to maintain a good
working relationship with ConnDOT staff. This is a routine and sustained effort which will continue to be undertaken as necessary.
Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 238
Map 20: East Granby Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 239
Map 21: East Granby Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 240
East Hartford
The Town of East Hartford is a suburban community of approximately 52,212 located east of the City
of Hartford and west of the Town of Manchester. The Town covers slightly more than 18 square miles. East Hartford’s land area drains primarily to the Connecticut and Hockanum Rivers. Four other waterways: Burnham, Willow, Pewterpot, and Porter Brooks, provide critical paths for the drainage of upland areas. Many regionally significant transportation routes traverse and intersect in East Hartford including Interstate 84 and 384, and Routes 2, 5, 15, and 44.
Principal industries include aerospace manufacturing and contractors, warehouse and distribution
centers, as well as light industrial and retail businesses. Connecticut Natural Gas and the State Department of Information Technology, among others, maintain critical infrastructure in Town. East Hartford is home to the University of Connecticut Huskies football team, Goodwin College, Coca Cola, and, more recently, Cabela’s retail store at Rentschler Field. Continued development of the former Rentschler Airfield promises to bring additional corporate, state, municipal and retail opportunities to the Town.
Challenges
Following historic flooding of the Connecticut River Valley in 1936 and 1938, the Army Corps of Engineers designed and constructed a levee system in East Hartford to protect the Town from future catastrophic flooding. The Town has operated and maintained the levee system since its initial construction and recently has undertaken an multi-year $21 million capital improvement program dedicated to the system. These improvements have allowed the Town to obtain accreditation by FEMA and maintain active status on the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ list of flood control systems.
The Metropolitan District Commission’s (MDC) Clean Water Project presents substantial opportunities and challenges to the Town. As planning for the separation of storm water and sewer lines throughout the Region continues, it is critical for the Town to monitor impacts on flood control infrastructure.
East Hartford participates in the National Flood Insurance Program and carefully evaluates proposed development in hazard prove areas. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, a number of floodplain permits have been reviewed and approved subject to the requirements of the adopted floodplain regulations. The Town has made a number of roadway improvements, culvert repairs, and levee repairs. The Town has also permitted renovations, repairs or replacement of a parking lot, stormwater outfall, dock and pier; building additions; replacement of a house; as well as construction of a new magnet school, and demolition of a house and tobacco shed in the flood plain.
To date, the National Flood Insurance Program has paid 96 property damage claims in East Hartford totaling $455,077. East Hartford has had 17 Repetitive Loss Property claims, totaling $228,580, on six properties to-date. A significant flood event could result in considerable damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks from flooding that might face the Town of East Hartford. The model estimates that economic losses to the Town, including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions, from a ‘100 year’ flood would be over $33 million. The specific economic impact of such a flood is summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 241
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 422
People Needing Shelter 997
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 41
Total Estimated Economic Losses $33,550,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $14,330,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $19,030,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $18,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of East Hartford might
face from a hurricane similar to the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town, including residential and commercial damage and business interruption, would be over $240 million. The specific economic impact of such a storm is summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 271
People Needing Shelter 73
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 2009
Buildings Completely Damaged 113
Total Estimated Economic Losses $241,100,000
Total Residential Building Losses $168,500,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $42,250,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $30,350,000
Total Debris Generated 49,140 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 1100
According to information provided by the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality over $2.5 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings. This amount does not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality and Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non- Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of East Hartford $273,700.15 $226,257.35 $1,812,341.64 $2,312,299.14
East Hartford Other $7,194.00 $147,730.66 $94,244.91 $249,169.57
East Hartford Total $280,894.15 $373,988.01 $1,906,586.55 $2,561,468.71
Under the Direction of the Mayor, an effort is underway to expand the Town’s GIS capacity and use.
This can support Emergency Management needs of this community by providing a more robust GIS that can provide real-time tracking of debris, damaged structures, and infrastructure disruptions.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 242
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF LOSSES OF LIFE AND PROPERTY FROM FLOODING Objective 1: Ensure proper maintenance of flood control system.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to implement necessary repairs and upgrades required by FEMA and the Army Corps
of Engineers to retain accreditation. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Status: The Town has instituted a multi-million dollar multi-year flood control system
modification/reconstruction project. The Town’s draft update to its Plan of Conservation and Development includes recommendations to monitor the flood protection system and fund additional improvements as necessary to ensure the retention of Army Corps of Engineers certification. Flood control system modifications and reconstruction are included in the Town’s Capital Improvements Program.
Potential Funding Source: bonds Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Continue periodic updates to the flood control system manual as system improvements are
completed. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
1.3 Train town employees, according to the updated manual, in proper flood fighting operation and
maintenance techniques. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 2: Identify and pursue priority drainage improvement projects in existing natural and artificial drainage systems.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 243
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Evaluate the condition and sustainability of existing drainage systems.
Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Status: The Town has included drainage studies of Willow Brook, Burnham Brook and
the town wide storm drainage and outfall repair programs in the Capital Improvements Program. The Town’s draft update to its Plan of Conservation and Development includes recommendations to undertake a comprehensive drainage study and recommends revising local regulations to reduce impervious surfaces and encourage green site development techniques.
Potential Funding Source: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: The drainage studies are anticipated to be completed in 2014.
Storm drainage and outfall repair projects are assessed annually during the budget process.
2.2 Develop a capital improvement plan to improve existing drainage projects.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: The Town has developed an annually updated Capital Improvement Program to
address the drainage repair program. Potential Funding Source: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: Drainage projects are included in Town’s FY13/14 – 17/18 Capital
Improvements Program. The CIP is reevaluated annually during budget process.
2.3 Pursue priority drainage projects identified in capital improvement plan.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: The Capital Improvement Program includes funding to replace the McAuliffe
Park culvert, repair the Porter/Main Street culvert, repair the Arbutus Street outfall, and reconstruct drainage on Howard Street and John Street. The program also includes funding to repair numerous storm drains and outfalls throughout the city.
Potential Funding Source: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: Drainage projects are included in Town’s FY13/14 – 17/18 Capital
Improvements Program. The CIP is reevaluated annually during budget process.
Objective 3: Improve the ability of emergency responders to prepare for and respond to natural disasters. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Exercise and refine critical components of National Incident Management System with an
emphasis on interagency communication and cooperation.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 244
Lead: Fire, Police, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This remains a high priority despite substantial progress in this area. The
community has trained a significant number of employees to the appropriate NIMS level.
Potential Funding Source: FEMA funding through CRCOG Timeframe: 2014-2019: Periodically, as available.
3.2 Participate in local, regional and state-wide natural disaster preparedness training.
Lead: Emergency Management, Fire, Police Priority: Medium Status: This remains a medium priority despite substantial progress in this area. The
community participates in the regional preparedness and training effort through its participation in the regional emergency planning team (REPT). This goal is also met by maintaining a community presence in statewide efforts such as the Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security Coordinating Council.
Potential Funding Source: Town general fund, FEMA funding through CRCOG Timeframe: 2014-2019: Periodically, as available.
Objective 4: Improve the ability of emergency responders to serve the special needs population during all types of emergencies. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Develop and maintain an accessible registry of residents with special needs using a regional
model. Lead: Emergency Management, Health Priority: High Status: This remains a high priority. The community has not made significant progress
in this area. This was identified as a need for improvement after the October 2011 storm. The community will use the newly issued Emergency Support Function 6 Mass Care Annex as a guide and planning tool for improvement of shelter operations.
Potential Funding Source: Town general fund
Timeframe: 2014-2019
4.2 Use a public notification system.
Lead: Emergency Management, Fire, Police Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 245
Status: This is a high priority for the community. The community has signed an agreement with Everbridge to provide full-service public messaging. This contract was executed in 2012. This system fully implemented now. Use of system will continue throughout the 2014-2019 plan period and upgrades will be made as required.
Potential Funding Sources: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
4.3 Continue training for the evacuation, sheltering and protection of special needs populations.
Lead: Emergency Management, Fire, Police Priority: Medium Status: This remains a medium priority. The community has not made significant
progress in this area. This was identified as a need for improvement after the October 2011 storm. The community will use the newly issued Emergency Support Function 6 Mass Care Annex as a guide and planning tool for improvement of shelter operations.
Potential Funding Sources: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 5: Improve emergency communications to residents prior to and during natural disasters. Strategic Actions: 5.1 Identify and acquire public notification system, like Reverse-911, for facilitating communication
of critical information to residents of all means. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: Similar to Objective 4.2, this is a high priority for the community. The
community has signed an agreement with Everbridge to provide full-service public messaging. Implementation is complete. Use of and upgrades to system will continue.
Potential Funding Sources: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
5.2 Offer educational forums for residents on personal emergency planning.
Lead: Emergency Management, Health Priority: Medium Status: This remains a medium priority. The Community Emergency Response Team
(CERT) has and will continue to provide personal emergency planning for residents of the community. They will be participating in a pilot delivery of the regional ‘Get Ready’ program in an effort to improve our capability.
Potential Funding Source: Town general fund, FEMA funding through CRCOG Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 246
Objective 6: Improve awareness of flooding risks among property owners. Strategic Actions: 6.1 Implement an educational system for property owners, including insurance education,
evacuation strategies and business continuity planning. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This remains a medium priority. There has not been significant effort to meet
this objective although the Town posts flood awareness and insurance information on its website. In 2008, East Hartford amended its flood zone regulations to maintain eligibility with the National Flood Insurance Program. Educational efforts will be developed and undertaken during the 2014-2019 planning period.
Potential Funding Sources: Town general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 247
Map 22: East Hartford Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 248
Map 23: East Hartford Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 249
East Windsor
East Windsor has a population of about 11,400, and a land area of 26.3 square miles. Daytime
population is estimated to increase to approximately 13,250 due to people entering the town for employment purposes. Population density is approximately 412 persons per square mile, however 60 percent of the residents are concentrated in the Warehouse Point area of town in the northwest section and 40 percent are located principally in the Broad Brook area in the eastern-central section of town.
Situated on the east side of the Connecticut River, the town lies at an elevation of about 160 feet.
The eastern portion of town is within the Scantic River Watershed, while the western portion lies in the Connecticut Main Stem basin. Both the Connecticut and Scantic Rivers run through East Windsor, along with several tributaries including Broad, Chestnut, Ketch, Namerick and Spring Glen Brooks.
Interstate 91 crosses the northwest corner of East Windsor. State Route 5 is a major north-south
thoroughfare, while State Routes 140 and 191 provide east-west access. Principal industries include: agriculture, support system facilities, and manufacture of small tools, paper boxes, electronics, aluminum by-products, farm implements and fertilizers.
The form of government in East Windsor is Selectmen, Town Meeting, Board of Finance, and a five
person Board of Selectmen. The First Selectman is the Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board of Selectmen and a full-time official of the town.
Law enforcement is provided by a full-time paid force of 24 regular officers including a Chief, a
Deputy Chief, a Lieutenant, and five sergeants. In addition, there are five dispatchers, an Administrative Assistant, a Records Manager and a part-time Records Clerk.
Fire service is provided by two volunteer fire departments that are partially funded by the town.
They are the Warehouse Point Volunteer Fire Department Inc. with 50 firefighters, under the command of an appointed chief, and six vehicles and one boat; the Broad Brook Volunteer Fire Department Inc. with 54 firefighters and six vehicles. All vehicles are radio equipped and on the fire frequency and both fire stations have auxiliary generating equipment for emergency power.
For emergency medical response the Town of East Windsor contracts the East Windsor Ambulance
Association. The East Windsor Ambulance Association is licensed to operate five ambulances and three paramedic intercept vehicles. Two of their ambulances are staffed at the paramedic level 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
The Emergency Management Agency has a part-time director and substantial equipment for use in
disaster situations. There is a volunteer staff made up of 30 members, six of which also serve as the Advisory Council.
Challenges
The Town of East Windsor is vulnerable to many types of disaster including hurricane effects, severe
wind and ice storms, electrical storms, blizzards, floods, power outages, forest and wild land fires,
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 250
chemical and other hazardous materials incidents/accidents, explosions, air disasters and transportation accidents. Tornadoes, earthquakes, public demonstrations, civil disturbances and enemy attack must also be considered as potential disaster possibilities. Motor transportation accidents involving chemicals, radioactive materials, flammable substances and other dangerous materials must also be considered since Interstate 91, U.S. Route 5 and State Route 140 pass through the town. The town is vulnerable to possible aircraft accidents on landing and take-off in view of the close proximity of Bradley International Airport to the community.
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of nearly $450,000. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT (Irene)
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather Oct
2011 (Alfred)
Town of East Windsor $36,736.12 $118,773.41 $282,704.32 $438,213.85
East Windsor Other $1,874.34 $8,855.44 $10,729.78
East Windsor Total $38,610.46 $118,773.41 $291,559.76 $448,943.63
Flooding is a concern for East Windsor and the Town has taken steps to reduce its vulnerability to
flooding. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, no new structures have been approved in the special flood hazard zone and a residential structure in the floodplain on North Water Street was recently removed through a demolition order. The National Flood Insurance Program paid 23 property damage claims in East Windsor totaling $281,502 to-date. East Windsor has not had any Repetitive Loss Property claims filed to-date. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus- MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of East Windsor might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $18 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 164
People Needing Shelter 346
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 26
Total Estimated Economic Losses $17,970,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $13,370,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $4,590,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $10,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of East Windsor might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 251
the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $52 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 271
People Needing Shelter 73
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 22
Buildings Completely Damaged 4
Total Estimated Economic Losses $52,460,000
Total Residential Building Losses $35,830,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $10,250,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $6,380,000
Total Debris Generated 36,294 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 218
Shelter capacity in the event of a major disaster is a concern for the Town. Risk Assessment flood
model data suggests that in the event of a 10-Year flood the Town of East Windsor will have emergency shelter needs for approximately 230 people. In the event of a 100-Year flood the Town will need to shelter approximately 350 people. In the event of a 500-Year flood the Town will need to shelter approximately 450 people.
The public fallout shelter in East Windsor is limited to 13 in Category 2 spaces in the Broad Brook
School on Rye Street. In addition, the survey of Home Fallout Shelter capability made by the Federal Government revealed 6,457 spaces in Category 1 that could be improved to equal the requirement for public shelter and 399 spaces in Category 2 that are equal to the standard for public shelter. In all cases a space is considered to be 10 square feet per person. The small amount of approved Public Fallout Shelters existing in the town would indicate the necessity for an effective evacuation plan to move residents to less vulnerable areas.
The existence of nuclear weapons creates the potential for a nuclear accident/incident or
enemy/terrorist attack. In a nuclear attack situation, East Windsor is considered to be at "blast risk" in accordance with the criteria outlined in the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) document NAPB-90 (Nuclear Attack Planning Base-1990). Public fallout shelter capacity in East Windsor is limited to 13 spaces in Category 2.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: ENSURE SAFETY OF RESIDENTS AND PROPERTIES DURING PROLONGED POWER OUTAGES CAUSED BY WINTER STORMS, HURRICANES (HIGH WINDS), OTHER NATURAL DISASTERS, AND MANMADE DISASTERS SUCH AS TERRORISM OR ACCIDENTS.
(Note: this is a new goal incorporating proposals included in the 2008 plan to maintain special needs population lists, train staff on the Reverse-911 system and use town media for public outreach, as well as proposing new initiatives to strengthen shelter capabilities and ensure backup power at critical facilities.)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 252
Objective 1: Ensure reliable alternative power sources at key government buildings.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Current Status: In progress
Strategic Action: 1.1 Obtain funding through grant opportunities and Town appropriation to place new gen-sets in
High School, Town Garage (replace), Scout Hall and Broad Brook Middle School. Lead: Emergency Management and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: High Status: Identified in 2013-2014 Capital Improvements Plan. Potential Funding Source: Grants, local revenue Timeframe: Seek funding in 2014; completion is anticipated by 2015.
Objective 2: Identify special needs individuals and establish means of communicating with the public.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police and Human Services Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue to maintain special needs population lists.
Lead: Fire and Police, & Human Services Priority: High Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: Annual updates are anticipated throughout 2014-2019
2.2 Familiarize town staff with Reverse-911 as system implementation begins.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.3 Use town media, including newsletter, website and other means to educate residents on
personal planning for emergencies. Lead: Emergency Management and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: Medium Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: Annual updates are anticipated throughout 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 253
Objective 3: Maintain existing generator equipment.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Completed
Strategic Action: 3.1 Obtain service contracts and maintain gen-sets at Police Department, Town Garage, Town Hall,
Broad Book Fire, and the Prospect Hill Antenna site. Lead: Emergency Management and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: High Status: In progress. It is anticipated contracts will be funded through annual budget
process Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 4: Establish the East Windsor High School as a fully functional emergency shelter.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: In Progress
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Maintain commitment from electrical contractor to supply 60 kW generator in times of mass
power outage. Lead: Emergency Management and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: High Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: To be established in 2014
4.2 Training and continue to train shelter staff associated with Emergency Management.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: to be undertaken annually
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 254
4.3 Recruit more volunteers for shelter staff. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: to be undertaken periodically
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FROM WINTER STORMS.
Objective 1: Improve the ability to clear roads by increasing public works staff.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Objective 2: Maintain equipment and supplies for treating roads.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Action: 2.1 Maintain adequate material in newly constructed salt shed.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
Objective 3: Reduce the amount of debris through preventative tree maintenance.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 255
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue regular tree maintenance, including documentation and notification of issues in CL&P
utility right-of-way. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
3.2 Continue to use private contractors for emergency debris removal.
Lead: Public Works and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: Medium Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF HIGH WIND EVENTS Objective 1: Reduce damages to municipal buildings through regular maintenance.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Devise and implement a regular building inspection and maintenance program.
Lead: Public Works and Building Department Priority: Medium Status: In progress. Program will continue to be implemented on a sustained basis. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Improve ability of emergency responders to prepare and respond to wind events.
Lead: Police, Fire, EMS, and Emergency Management Priority: High Status: In progress
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 256
Objective 3: Reduce debris through preventative tree maintenance.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Continue regular tree maintenance, including documentation and notification of issues in CL&P
utility right-of-way. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue, utility Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
3.2 Continue to use private contractors for emergency debris removal.
Lead: Public Works and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: Medium Status: In progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FROM FLOODING Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Conduct study of dam on Main Street near Depot Street intersection, using previously awarded
funds. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Status: In progress Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: To be completed 2013-2014
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 257
1.2 Implement recommendations from the above study. Lead: Public Works, Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred while funding is sought; grant funding through State sought in fall
2013. To be undertaken upon completion of the study and availability of funding
Potential Funding Source: local revenue; grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Implement recommendations of Natural Resources Conservation Service, including installation
of a detention basin in Windsorville Road/East Road area to reduce road closures and washouts. Lead: Public Works, Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred while funding is sought. Efforts to develop a work plan and seek
funding through annual budget process will be undertaken during the 2014- 2019 planning period
Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.4 Work with property owners, contractors and the DEEP to regularly remove beaver dams causing
flooding problems. Lead: Public Works, Inland Wetlands Priority: Medium Status: In Progress; this is an established, long term and sustained effort which is
undertaken on an as needed basis. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.5 Investigate and consider purchasing residential properties located in floodplains, as they come
up for sale. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Not a viable option at this time because the Town lacks the necessary
capital. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: Suspended for the duration of the 2014-2019 planning period; may be
considered in the future if circumstances warrant.
1.6 Consider replacing East Road and Melrose Road bridges. Lead: Emergency Management, Planning Priority: Low Status: East Road culvert work completed 2009-2010. Melrose Road Bridge is not considered a viable option at this time because the
Town lacks the necessary capital.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 258
Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: Suspended for the duration of the 2014-2019 planning period; may be
considered in the future if circumstances warrant.
Objective 2: Reduce debris through preventative tree maintenance.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In progress
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue regular tree maintenance, including documentation and notification of issues in CL&P
utility right-of-way. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: In Progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue, utility Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
2.2 Continue to use private contractors for emergency debris removal. Lead: Public Works and First Selectmen’s Office Priority: Medium Status: In Progress; this is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: local revenue Timeframe: 2014-2019: funding to be sought annually through budget process
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 259
Map 24: East Windsor Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 260
Map 25: East Windsor Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 261
Ellington
Ellington is a growing community located in Tolland County. The town covers 34 square miles with a
population of approximately 15,600. Ellington lies at an elevation between 100 and 800 feet above sea level and is part of three watersheds, the Scantic to the west, the Hockanum in the middle, and the Willimantic to the east. Principal watercourses that run through Ellington include Broad, Charters, Creamery, Kimball’s, Marsh, Martins and Muddy Brooks. With over 5,500 acres under cultivation, Ellington remains one of the largest agricultural production towns in Connecticut. Major thoroughfares in Ellington include north-south state route 83 and east-west state route 140. The eastern highlands ridgeline runs through the central part of town. This area contains extensive areas of upland forest including more than 1,200 acres of the Shenipsit State Forest.
Challenges
For Ellington, the natural hazards of most importance, and those having the greatest impact on the community, are winter storms and hurricanes/tropical storms. No new construction or demolition has occurred since 2008 in floodplains or other vulnerable areas. No changes have been made to zoning, floodplain or inland wetlands regulations since 2008 which would increase or decrease Ellington’s vulnerability to natural hazards. Most critical municipal facilities are located within a two mile radius in the Town’s center. A major challenge, as verified by most recent storms, is maintaining public/emergency access from town center out toward the Crystal Lake community. Access is essential via State Routes 140 and 30. During times of lengthy town-wide power outages access to fuel could be limited by lack of generator power at fuel distribution facilities in and around town.
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $750,000. The majority of these costs were incurred as a result of Storm Alfred which hit in late October while leaves were still on the trees. These disaster related expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town & Other (Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather Oct 2011 Alfred
Town of Ellington $77,625.51 $44,076.23 $620,025.07 $741,726.81
Ellington Other $16,231.20 $16,231.20
Ellington Total $77,625.51 $44,076.23 $636,256.27 $757,958.01
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Ellington might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $87 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 262
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 65
People Needing Shelter 9
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 699
Buildings Completely Damaged 54
Total Estimated Economic Losses $87,370,000
Total Residential Building Losses $63,640,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $14,245,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $9,485,000
Total Debris Generated 57,551
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 314
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid four property damage claims in Ellington totaling
$8,954 to-date; none have been Repetitive Loss Property claims. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $ 11 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 132
People Needing Shelter 130
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged none
Total Estimated Economic Losses $11,120,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $1,620,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $9,460,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $40,000
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT CAUSED BY LOSS OF POWER Objective 1: Provide auxiliary power to critical facilities.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Work with the Capitol Region Emergency Planning Commission to obtain generators for all five
schools and town hall complex. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Four of five schools completed since 2011; Windermere School and the Library
remain. The Annex building containing land use offices needs physical connection to Town Hall generator.
Potential Funding Source: grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 263
1.2 Complete strategic plan for evacuating and sheltering special needs populations with emphasis
on sheltering in place for those not able to get to designated shelters (i.e. Snipsic Village Community Building) Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Plans are in place to connect a generator to Snipsic Village Community Building
for electric and water service and heat. Trained persons have to transport residents to and from the community building
Potential Funding Source: grants or other funding (i.e. CIP) Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Encourage private fuel dispensaries to install back-up generator power to ensure continued
access to fuel for residential and business transportation, heating/cooling and power needs. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: Town general fund for municipal staff time; private (fuel companies)
funds for equipment and installations. Timeframe: 2014-2019.
Objective 2: Continue to provide adequate equipment for clean-up initiatives.
After Storm Alfred, the Town established a list of on-call contractors and available equipment (through competitive bidding) for assistance when needed.
GOAL: MINIMIZE DAMAGE RESULTING FROM FLOODING Objective 1: Ensure infrastructure is constructed to FEMA standards.
Strategic Actions:
1.1 Continue to work with CRCOG to advance Windermere Bridge renovation project on DOT list.
Lead: Administration Priority: High Status: Completed in 2008
1.2 Work with State DOT to ensure safe/emergency vehicular passage to the Crystal Lake community
prior to, during and after storms (Routes 140 and 30). Lead: Administration Priority: High Status: Although this is a new initiative for the Plan Update, emergency contact lists
have been established between the Department of Public Works, CL&P and tree
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 264
removal services. Mutual aid packs are in effect and coordinated through a regional dispatch center.
Potential Funding Source: State Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates to the list are anticipated.
1.3 Continue to work with CRCOG to advance Route 74 bridge renovation project on DOT list in
Vernon. Lead: Administration Priority: High Status: This is a new Initiative Potential Funding Source: State Timeframe: 2014 - 2015
Objective 2: Ensure buildings are constructed to FEMA standards.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Continue to implement and enforce local building and zoning regulations to prevent
development in risk-prone areas. Lead: Planning, Building Priority: High Status: This work is undertaken routinely as part of the development review and
construction inspection processes. Reviews are conducted as development applications and building permits are received.
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Protect the integrity of "Great Swamp" and other wetlands from development pressure.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Educate public on property owners' responsibility to maintain drainage systems.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Low Status: Information has been periodically sent to residents via a town newsletter Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019; annual efforts are anticipated.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 265
Map 26: Ellington Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 266
Map 27: Ellington Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 267
E n f i e l d
The Town of Enfield encompasses 33.4 square miles with an estimated population of approximately
44,600 people. Enfield is located along the Massachusetts border and is both in the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed (eastern drainage) and the Scantic River Watershed which drains to the west. Elevation is approximately 154 feet above sea level. The main watercourses include the Grape, Pierce and Terry Brooks as well as the Connecticut and Scantic rivers. Parks in Enfield include: Powder Hollow Park, Scantic River State Park, Lafayette Park, and Hazardville Historic District. Interstate 91 travels north-south in Enfield while other main transportation routes are 190, 192 and 220. Industries include insurance, manufacture of toys, water filtration systems, specialized machinery, aluminum and magnesium castings, wooden reels for wire and cables, silk screening, games, greeting cards, tools and gauges, envelopes, laser beam welding, warehouse distribution of toys, clothing and pharmaceuticals, manufacture of electronic assemblies, processing of food and dairy products, ice cream, vegetable and tobacco farming.
Existing Strategies
The Town adopted a Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan (FHMP) in 2000 to assist the community in identifying localized flood prone areas, flood hazards and risks, and strategies for preventing the loss of life and reducing property damages. The Town updated and incorporated its FHMP into the 2008 Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan.
The Town of Enfield has several structural and regulatory flood mitigation tactics currently in place. The Town issued floodplain permits for 13 projects including applications to widen and replace bridges over the Scantic River. Other applications included temporary mobile offices, a loading dock, building additions, parking area modifications, and the rebuilding of an existing house. The Town requires flood compensation on all applications. There are several water bodies that still pose potential flood hazards. Beemans Brook, Waterworks Brook, Grape Brook, Freshwater Brook, Jawbuck Brook, Shaker Lake, Terry Brook, Boweyns Brook, Buckhorn Brook, and the Connecticut River are some of the major watercourses that have been researched for their previous flooding history and their current flooding potential.
The Town has completed, or is currently working on, most of the planned mitigation projects included in the 2000 FHMP, including drainage system improvements, dredging, catch basin cleanings, GIS implementation, and property acquisitions among other things. Equally important to these structural and property remedies are the education and outreach efforts that Enfield has made. All- hazard workshops are offered twice a year for emergency management personnel and non-profit organizations, and flood insurance policy seminars are available for homeowners.
The Town has also initiated a planning team to study and make recommendations to the Town Council regarding drainage and erosion capital improvement projects. Members of the team include staff from Public Works, Engineering, Highway, Finance, Planning and the Town Manager’s office.
Challenges
Flooding remains the most significant hazard affecting the community. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 55 property damage claims in Enfield totaling $292,021 to-date. Enfield has had fifteen Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date on six properties totaling $169,140.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 268
The Town experienced significant flooding in October 2005, when the area received two significant rainfalls in a one-week period. Interstate 91 in Enfield was flooded and closed. Areas of Route 5 and the Enfield Square Mall, in addition to numerous residential areas also suffered severe flooding. The closure of the Interstate and flooding on Route 5 (the other major north-south route) resulted in serious traffic congestion that endangered public safety as emergency vehicles could not get through. The total damages to town infrastructure amounted to more than $800,000. FEMA eventually awarded the Town disaster aid to help cover the costs of repairs to municipal infrastructure.
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Enfield might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $91 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 1,197
People Needing Shelter 578
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 135
Total Estimated Economic Losses $91,120,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $39,020,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $51,720,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $45,000
Losses from strong hurricanes would also be significant. The model estimates that economic losses
to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a Category 3 hurricane such as the 1938 Hurricane would be over $183 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 71
People Needing Shelter 10
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1,509
Buildings Completely Damaged 89
Total Estimated Economic Losses $183,300,000
Total Residential Building Losses $131,700,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $30,400,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $21,200,000
Total Debris Generated 57,113 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 756
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $6 million. These expenses (shown in the following table) include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 269
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town and Other Agencies Other = Fire Districts, Schools, & Private Non-Profit Agencies
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather Oct 2011 Alfred
Town of Enfield $99,370.97 $66,936.15 $5,602,310.18 $5,768,617.30
Enfield Other $19,583.89
$214,754.25 $234,338.14
Enfield Total $118,954.86 $66,936.15 $5,817,064.43 $6,002,955.44
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND NEGATIVE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF FLOODING Objective 1: Implement flood hazard mitigation projects identified in the 2000 Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan and subsequent hazard planning efforts. The Town of Enfield has pursued a number of approaches to help reduce the community’s vulnerability to flooding and prepare for emergencies. Examples of such actions by the Town in recent years include, but are not limited to the following accomplishments:
Implemented a GIS system which both citizens and staff can access. This database provides detailed information, including wetlands.
Continued its comprehensive road resurfacing/rebuilding program which was initiated in 2000. Any street contemplated for improvement under this program is also assessed for flooding problems, and corrected where such action is feasible.
Implemented an erosion control effort for areas of Town vulnerable to rapid slope deterioration, particularly the area along the west bank of the Scantic River with its escarpment soils. One location in particular – Cloud Street has several residential properties threatened due severe erosion from rainfall runoff. An extensive slope stabilization project was implemented and completed in 2010 to save these properties.
Conducted extensive stream clearing and bank stabilization work in Beeman’s Brook which flows through a heavily development residential neighborhood.
Trained over 150 Town of Enfield employees in the Red Cross Shelter Worker program.
Established a local television station – E-TV to broadcast emergency alerts with a scrolling banner, commonly referred to as “Chy-Alerts.”
Implemented the Everbridge phone/message alert system to inform citizens of emergency situations in Enfield.
Established and actively share important information with citizens through social media. Enfield Emergency Management Facebook wall presently has over 1,200 “likes.”
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 270
Established a Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), whose primary mission is shelter operations, with a secondary mission of providing emergency support such as HAM radio operations.
Hosted the Capitol Region Full Scale Exercise in May 2010 which simulated an active shooter/hostage situation in a public school. Students (Grades 6, 7, and 8) actively participated in the exercise. This was the second time Enfield has hosted a full-scale exercise for the Capitol Region within 5 years, the first one occurring in May 2005.
Completely revised its Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations in March 2011.
Continue to reduce the volume of storm-water entering the Town’s Water Pollution Control’s sanitary sewage system by systematic elimination of infiltration and inflow. Progress in recent years has not been as substantive as in prior time periods due to reduced funding.
Totally reorganized its land-use review and regulation structure by creating a Development Services Department which is comprised of Planning, Zoning Enforcement, Inland Wetlands, Conservation Commission, Blight Enforcement, Building Code Inspection, Housing Code Enforcement, Economic Development and Community Development (CDBG). Tasked assigned to Development Services is the Assistant Town Engineer who also serves as the Town’s NFIP Administrator.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to pursue funding opportunities to implement remaining projects.
Lead: Various Priority: High Status: Enfield’s highest priority for flood mitigation is reducing the vulnerability from
Freshwater Brook flooding, particularly the section from I-91 to Route 5. Enfield has twice attempted in 2012 to procure funding from the Federal government’s Flood Hazard Mitigation Grant program. To date, the Town has not received notification from the State of Connecticut regarding the status of the Town’s application. The timeframe to accomplish projects will be based on the award of any hazard mitigation grant funds to Enfield. The Town will continue to seek grant funds to pursue this project.
Potential Funding Sources: Hazard Mitigation Grants Timeframe: 2014-2019.
1.2 Maintain currency of the Flood Hazard Mitigation Plan.
Lead: Administration Priority: High Status: The Town of Enfield will continue to participate in the Capitol Region’s Natural
Hazard Mitigation Plan efforts and be an active member in this regional collaborative effort.
Potential Funding Sources: Funding to accomplish this strategy will be a combination of general operating funds, Emergency Management Planning Grant (EMPG) funds to support emergency management personnel, Capital Improvement Project funds for major undertakings such as road/drainage improvements, and project- specific grant awards such as those supported under the Flood Hazard Mitigation Grant Program.
Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 271
Objective 2: Ensure that future development does not increase flood risk.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue to review development applications broadly, with administration’s input.
Lead: Planning, Administration Priority: High Status: The Town reorganized its land-use review and regulation structure by creating a
Development Services Department which is comprised of Planning, Zoning Enforcement, Inland Wetlands, Conservation Commission, Blight Enforcement, Building Code Inspection, Housing Code Enforcement, Economic Development and Community Development (CDBG). Development Services is overseen by the Assistant Town Engineer who also serves as the Town’s NFIP Administrator. The Town’s Inland Wetlands & Watercourses Regulations were comprehensively revised in March 2011 and are now in effect. Additionally, the Town’s Plan of Conservation and Development which was adopted in April 2011 identifies number of actions for the Town to undertake or continue to undertake which will help protect sensitive lands, people and infrastructure from flooding. Town Staff has and will continue their development review process which routinely assesses proposed development projects for floodplain, inland wetland and erosion control and sedimentation control impacts. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update. This is an established practice which will occur as projects are submitted to the Town of Enfield’s Development Services Department over the course of the Town’s fiscal year. Site plans and subdivisions will continue to be reviewed for floodplain, inland wetland and erosion control and sedimentation control impacts, as development applications are received throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds. Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF OTHER NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Ensure adequate protection of all residents.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to involve the Visiting Nurses Association, the Housing Authority, and social service
agencies in planning and training efforts. Lead: Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: In addition to the accomplishments in the “bullet points” previously listed,
Enfield Emergency Management will continue the training and public education
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 272
efforts listed in this strategy as public awareness is an ongoing effort. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Potential Funding Sources: Funding for this effort is through general operating budgets and the EMPG funds.
Timeframe: Meetings and training will occur at least twice a year during the 2014-2019 plan period.
1.2 Continue to maintain a list of special needs population.
Lead: Police - Communications Priority: High Status: This list is routinely updated as information is received on a daily basis. As
information is received, the Enfield Public Safety Dispatchers (located at the Police Department) will continue to update their database to reflect citizens with special needs who may require assistance during an emergency. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Potential Funding Sources: Funding will come from the Department’s annual operating budget. Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Monitor implementation of Reverse-911 system and use to its greatest potential.
Lead: Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Both the Town municipal government and Enfield Public Schools have
implemented and are operating reverse telephone notification systems. The Town uses the Everbridge Municipal model and the Schools use School Messenger. Both systems can deliver phone call, e-mails and text messages. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Potential Funding Sources: Funding to maintain these systems will continue to come from the organizations’ annual operating budgets.
Timeframe: 2014-2019: System updates will take place as required by the vendors and the organizations.
GOAL: REDUCE POWER OUTAGES AND ENSURE SAFETY OF PROPERTY AND LIFE AS A RESULT OF NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Establish effective tree maintenance program for town right-of-way.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Fund and institute routine maintenance of trees in town right-of-way either through town staff
or private contractor. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: New initiative. A routine program will be established and implemented annually
through the budget process as funds become available. Potential Funding Sources: General Budget
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 273
Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Ensure access to power for residents in emergency situations.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Obtain generators for shelters.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a newly identified initiative in this plan. Efforts will be undertaken as
grant funding becomes available. Potential Funding Sources: Grants. Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Educate residents on emergency preparedness and services available in the event of an
emergency through town website and workshops. Lead: Emergency Management, Public Safety Priority: Medium Status: Although this is a newly identified initiative in this plan, the Town has offered
all-hazard workshops twice a year for emergency management personnel and non-profit organizations, and flood insurance policy seminars are available for homeowners.
Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: All-hazards workshops will be held twice yearly during the 2014-2019 plan
period; website to be updated seasonally and before expected storms.
2.3 Modify the Town of Enfield zoning & planning codes and ordinances to require group homes to have an emergency generator to provide power for essential home utilities, i.e. heat, refrigerator, lighting, etc. during power outages, thus enabling the residents to “shelter in place.” Lead: Town of Enfield Development Services Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative which will require approval by various policy and land-use
boards such as the Planning and Zoning Commission. Staff review of this initiative has not been started.
Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2016
GOAL: ENSURE CAPACITY OF TOWN TO REMOVE SNOW Objective 1: Maintain an adequate staffing and fleet of trucks and equipment to clear roads in a timely manner.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 274
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Upgrade and replace public works fleet.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This is a newly identified initiative in this plan. Implementation will be according
to Vehicle Replacement Plan and subject to available funding Potential Funding Sources: Surplus funding, sale of existing equipment, bonding, lease purchase,
military surplus Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Fund adequate staff and private labor.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This is a newly identified initiative in this plan; however, the town has a current
policy of maintaining on on-call list of private contractors to assist with snow removal.
Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: Annually through budget process (2014-2019).
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 275
Map 28: Enfield Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 276
Map 29: Enfield Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 277
Farmington
Farmington is located in the southwest corner of the Capitol Region. It has a land area of 28.1
square miles and a population of approximately 25,000. Farmington’s elevation is between 160-245 feet. The majority of Farmington’s land area is located in the Farmington River watershed, but the eastern portion of Town is within the Park River Watershed. The main watercourses in Town include the Farmington and Pequabuck Rivers and Great, Hyde and Scott Swamp Brooks. Several major transportation routes traverse Farmington, including Interstate 84, and routes 4, 6, 9 and 10. The University of Connecticut’s John Dempsey Hospital and medical and dental schools are located in Farmington. Principal industries located in town include numerous national and international corporate facilities, banking, insurance, retail (West Farms Mall), biomedical research and product development, aerospace engineering and products, laser research and production, precision and specialty manufacturing, manufacture of ball bearing spindles, springs, flow and level switches, fans, metals and plastics.
Challenges
Farmington’s transportation network is frequently disrupted by flooding because of the Farmington
River and its tributaries. The traffic impacts of road closures in and around Farmington are compounded by the limited number of river (Farmington and Pequabuck) crossings.
During the 2011 Hurricane Irene flooding event, the main roads leading to the Town’s emergency shelter became flooded and inaccessible. There is a significant gap in our ability to provide a shelter during flooding events. Currently there are no other schools equipped with generator backup power.
Farmington’s Emergency Operations Center is located in the Police Department. The Police Department is also the PSAP for the Towns of Burlington and Farmington and is the communications center for all Police/Fire operations in Farmington and Fire operations in the Town of Burlington. The Police Department is located in the 100 year flood plain and almost flooded during the last storm. We have no alternate site to move the communications center.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 123 property damage claims in Farmington totaling $1,189,996 to-date. Farmington also has six properties that suffer repetitive flood loss. The NFIP has paid out claims totaling over $797,564 in twenty Repetitive Loss Property claims on these properties to- date. Due to the low lying area of these houses and the disinterest of sale by the homeowners, we are left with mitigation in the form of early warning. The Town plans to utilize the Reverse 911 communications system along with the proposed hydrologic study of the Farmington River in order to warn these property owners of potential flooding incidences based upon rainfall predictions. This will allow for the early mitigation and evacuation of affected properties, thereby reducing the potential for loss of life and mitigating the loss of property. The Town has not permitted any recent new construction in the floodplain.
A significant flood event could result in substantial damage beyond those which have experienced
repetitive losses. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Farmington might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 278
including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $230 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 748
People Needing Shelter 1,992
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 393
Total Estimated Economic Losses $228,470,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $92,150,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $135,120,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $1,200,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Farmington might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $100 million. The model also estimates that the probability of the UConn Health Center suffering at least moderate damage is over 50%. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 41
People Needing Shelter 6
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 667
Buildings Completely Damaged 27
Total Estimated Economic Losses $99,840,000
Total Residential Building Losses $67,080,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $21,020,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $11,740,000
Total Debris Generated 39,248 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 374
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $2.6 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town & Other
(Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages
Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Farmington $73,307.82 $144,255.66 $2,371,538.19 $2,589,101.67
Farmington Other $9,508.58 $58,644.34 $68,152.92
Farmington Total $82,816.40 $144,255.66 $2,430,182.53 $2,657,254.59
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 279
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE TRAFFIC CONGESTION DUE TO FLOODING OF MAJOR EAST/WEST ROUTE (MEADOW ROAD) Objective 1: Implement traffic study to improve access to alternate routes (Town Strategic Plan).
Strategic Action: 1.1 Consider the feasibility of a fourth bridge over the Farmington River.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for a feasibility study. Lead: Planning, Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: A fourth bridge was considered during the 2008/2009 Unionville
Traffic Subcommittee. Two potential locations were identified; however currently there is a lack of funding to pursue the project.
Potential Funding Source: Grants, bonds Timeframe: 2015-2019
Objective 2: Consider the elevation of Meadow Road to reduce incidents of flooding.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Conduct an engineering and feasibility study of elevating Meadow Road and installing culverts
to allow flow in both directions. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work and Request for Proposal (RFP) for the study. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Deferred while funding is investigated. Potential Funding Source: Grants, bonds Timeframe: 2015-2019
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AS A RESULT OF SEVERE STORMS Objective 1: Reduce the impacts of flooding.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 280
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Improve communications with the Army Corps of Engineers to obtain advance warning of
releases from the Goodwin Dam. Lead: Emergency Management, Public Works Priority: High Status: Town staff has worked consistently and on a regular basis with the MDC on river
flow conditions including storm events. Town staff will continue to work with MDC and ACOE throughout the 2014 – 2019 plan period to obtain information on river flow conditions.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Consider partnering with neighboring watershed communities to conduct a hydrologic study of
the Farmington River. Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Some discussions have taken place to date. Over the next five years, town staff
will continue to investigate means undertake a hydrologic study of the river. Potential Funding Source: General funds, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Consider performing a town-wide hydrologic study. Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: High Status: The study is listed as a recommendation from the Storm Irene After-Action
Report but has not been funded to date. The town has identified a hydraulic watershed study in its capital improvements program for 2015-2016.
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2015-2016.
Objective 2: Enhance the capabilities of the main town shelter (High School).
Strategic Action: 2.1 Continue to work with the Capitol Region Emergency Planning Committee on obtaining
generators and other supplies. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Completed: A generator and other improvements to the high school were
installed.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 281
Objective 3: Enhance the capabilities of emergency responders to prepare and respond to severe weather.
Objective 4: Improve the information flow to the public regarding pre-disaster planning. Strategic Action: 4.1 Continue to use the town newsletter and website to release relevant information.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: High Status: Notifications were made a number of times over the past five years. Over the
next five years, town staff will continue to provide updated information. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: updates to be posted seasonally and before major storm events.
THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL OBJECTIVES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES ARE PROPOSED TO BE INCLUDED IN THE 2014 – 2019 PLAN UPDATE:
Objective 5: Locate and equip an alternate site to be used as a Town shelter. Strategic Action: 5.1 Equip Irving A. Robbins School as a shelter.
The current shelter becomes inaccessible during flooding events. The Town plans to make Irving A. Robbins School our shelter. The school is also a medical backup shelter to the University of Connecticut Health Center. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: High Status: Completion is expected in 2014 dependent upon availability of funding Potential Funding Source: Town Funding and Hazard Mitigation Grant Program. The Town is
seeking grant and bond funding to provide a generator to power the Irving A. Robbins Middle School as an additional shelter.
Timeframe: 2014-2015
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 282
Objective 6: Develop plans and procedures in the event that the Police Department floods and requires evacuation. Strategic Action: 6.1 Establish the Farmington Fire Station as a backup dispatch center and EOC. The site needs to be
equipped with phone lines and communications equipment. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Bond funding has been approved in this year’s capital budget to equip a backup
dispatch center and EOC Potential Funding Source: bonds Timeframe: Completion is expected in 2014
Objective 7: Stabilize the Farmington River Embankment at the cemetery on Garden Street where the river turns north and has eroded during the last several flooding conditions. There are graves and a gravity sanitary sewer line that runs adjacent to the embankment. Strategic Action: 7.1 Design a permanent retaining wall system or structure such as steel sheet piling to prevent
further erosion of the existing gravel embankment. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Status: Staff has met with CT DEMHS, Federal Agencies FEMA, and NRCS and has had
dialogues with the USACE requesting assistance. Project will be undertaken as soon as funding is available to assist with the costs for the design and construction.
Potential Funding Source: Grant and limited Town General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 283
Map 30: Farmington Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 284
Map 31: Farmington Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 285
Glastonbury
The Town of Glastonbury encompasses 51.37 square miles with an estimated population of over 34,000 people. The elevation ranges from about 80 to 800 feet. The Town lies primarily in the Main Stem of the Connecticut River drainage basin while a small portion in the northeast corner of Glastonbury drains to the Hockanum Watershed. In addition to the Connecticut River which flows along the western boundary, main watercourses include Hubbard, Roaring, Salmon and Slab Gut Brooks. Major transportation routes through Glastonbury include Routes 2, 3, 17, 83 and 94. Glastonbury’s major industries include insurance and financial services, technology and banking, computer services, medical and adult care facilities, agriculture, as well as retail.
Challenges
Glastonbury has experienced disruptions and damages due to flooding and severe storms. Ten percent of Glastonbury‘s land area is located in the 100-year floodplain, however, nearly 92% of this area is in the Flood Zone or otherwise zoned for resource protection /agriculture, recreation or public use. Five flood zone permits were approved between 2008 and 2014. All structures were flood-proofed and designed with flow-through standards and compensatory storage. The permitted structures included three accessory sheds or garages; a retail refrigeration addition in which the utilities were installed above the 500-year flood limit; and a municipal boathouse which was constructed with a 400 cubic yard increase in flood storage capacity. The Town also adopted enhanced Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations in 2010 which could reduce its overall level of vulnerability.
Since 1978, the National Flood Insurance Program has paid 44 property damage claims in
Glastonbury totaling $160,639. Glastonbury has not had any Repetitive Loss Property claims. Although development is generally restricted from the floodplain, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Glastonbury might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $36 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 278
People Needing Shelter 456
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 10
Total Estimated Economic Losses $35,720,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $13,590,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $22,010,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $120,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Glastonbury might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $210 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages
Households Displaced 191
People Needing Shelter 40
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 286
from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1,342
Buildings Completely Damaged 78
Total Estimated Economic Losses $210,906,000
Total Residential Building Losses $144,360,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $42,373,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $24,173,000
Total Debris Generated 90,099 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 724
The Town’s experience during Storm Alfred indicates that the Hazus-MH model may underestimate
local sheltering requirements. According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to Glastonbury and other local agencies of over $3.2 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Other Agencies (Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow DR-4023-CT
Irene - August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Glastonbury $151,750.38 $143,264.05 $2,912,150.36 $3,207,164.79
Glastonbury Other $4,192.05 $61,468.77 $65,660.82
Glastonbury Total $155,942.43 $143,264.05 $2,973,619.13 $3,272,825.61
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
While the Town of Glastonbury’s 2008 Plan created two separate goals to reduce losses due to either winter storms and or hurricanes, the 2014-2019 Plan will address one single goal for any type of natural disaster. The plan will restate some previously identified objectives and strategies from the 2008 plan, as well as address new initiatives which will be undertaken during the 2014-2019 planning period. The overall reaching goal for the Town of Glastonbury will be to reduce loss of life, property and the economic consequences from a natural disaster. GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES FROM NATURAL DISASTERS SUCH AS WINTER STORMS, HURRICANES AND FLOODING. Objective 1: Improve ability to clear roadways as a result of storm events, which may be impassable due to snow, flooding or debris in order to improve emergency access and to assist in expediting utility restoration as required.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 287
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Secure contractual tree removal services and equipment prior to storm response and cleanup.
Lead: Parks Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative supported by goals and priorities identified in the Town’s
2013/2014 budget. Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Procure additional Town equipment to expedite cleanup operations as a result of storm events which include large scale snow blowing/removal and debris collection equipment.
Lead: Physical Services Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually during the budget process.
Objective 2: Expand the Town’s tree maintenance program for tree trimming located within public right of ways to mitigate the delay in the restoration process of utilities, such as electricity, natural gas and public water service.
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Increase the Town budget for the trimming and removal of potentially hazardous trees.
Lead: Parks, Administration Priority: Medium
Status: This is a new initiative supported by goals and priorities identified in the Town’s 2013/2014 budget.
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: To be reevaluated annually during the budget process.
Objective 3: Improve Town’s ability to provide emergency shelter for residents and small pets.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Increase inventory of emergency response supplies and acquire storage for same (food, water,
cots, oxygen cylinders, signs, electronic devices (charging stations) etc.) Lead: Emergency Management, Social Services, Administration Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2015-2016: Annually during the budget process.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 288
Objective 4: Continue to enhance capabilities to track high risk population and provide emergency notification systems to reach isolated/special needs population. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Continue voluntary registry and classifications of those individuals who may require special
assistance in an emergency. Lead: Health Priority: High
Status: The registry has been established and is periodically updated. It is anticipated that an annual review will be conducted.
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
4.2 Develop and implement messaging system to provide early alert system to isolated and high risk
population utilizing Everbridge (reverse 911), Board of Education notification system and social media.
Lead: Public Safety/Health Priority: High
Status: This is a revised initiative for the Plan Update. In the 2008 Plan, the Town proposed to ensure operation of Reverse 911 as a means of establishing capability to develop and track high risk populations. The Public Safety Department currently utilizes a reverse 911 system.
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: Expected to be completed by the end of FY 2013-2014
Objective 5: Enhance public information efforts and promote public education for residents and businesses of Glastonbury as to how to prepare for a natural disaster and the necessary precautions that should be taken to protect their assets during an extended power outage.
Strategic Action: 5.1 Develop materials instructing residents on measures to take care of their own properties
(bleeding water lines etc.), and services offered by the Town. Post information on town website, social media and produce for distribution in welcome packets, with tax mailings and through other periodic offerings. Create checklist for public to utilize during emergencies.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium
Status: The town has developed and distributed promotional materials to residents through its website, mailings and at community events. Updates, website postings and distribution of materials will continue periodically.
Potential funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 289
5.2 Identify and purchase generator/battery powered messaging signs to provide important safety emergency information to public during times of extended power outages.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2016
Objective 6: Establish state of the art Emergency Operations Center (EOC) with secondary and backup EOC for redundancy. Strategic Action: 6.1 Relocated EOC to Academy Building from Police Training Room to improve overall operational
efficiencies. Police Training Room will be utilized as backup EOC. Identify and purchase supplemental equipment/enhancements to operate effectively (GIS software for accessing/monitoring damage reports, technology, phone/alert systems, storage). In addition to the primary and secondary EOC locations an additional contingency to utilize Fire Company #3 and #4 may be required based on specific extenuating needs.
Lead: Administration Priority: High Status: Academy Building serves as EOC. Enhancements, equipment to be procured. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: Expected to be completed by the end of FY 2014-2015 Objective 7: Enhance overall functionality of Town operations and specified business community during extended power outages. Strategic Actions: 7.1 Installation of a new emergency generator at the Community Center as this facility can be
utilized as an emergency shelter. In addition to providing emergency power to the compressed natural gas filing station located at the Community Center which provides fuel for vehicles within the Town fleet. Lead: Facilities, Administration
Priority: High Status: New initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015 7.2 Purchase mobile generators to be utilized as primary and backup power sources for Town
operations. Lead: Facilities, Administration
Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 290
Status: New initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015. 7.3 Replace inoperable generator at Town Hall/Academy complex.
Lead: Facilities, Administration Priority: High Status: New initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015 7.4 Replace inadequate generators at Police, Highway and Parks Maintenance Facility.
Lead: Facilities, Administration Priority: High Status: New initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015 7.5 Review feasibility of micro-grid system(s) within the Town Center area to supplement Town
Facilities as well as specific business community operations such as gas stations and grocery stores. This system could be utilized in the event of an extended power outage.
Lead: Facilities, Administration Priority: High Status: New initiative Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015 Objective 8: Maintain strict control of development to and near flood prone areas.
Strategic Action: 8.1 Continue to implement and enforce regulations.
Lead: Planning, Engineering, Building Priority: High Status: This is an established practice and routine effort of the Town. The Community
Development Department administers a development review process and enforces regulations which ensure that development conforms to floodplain, inland wetlands and erosion and sedimentation control as well as zoning regulations and building codes. Efforts will continue throughout the planning period.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 291
Objective 9: Improve public safety's capabilities to reach isolated population.
Strategic Actions: 9.1 Consider drainage improvements to Shoddy Mill, Forest Lane and other areas of periodic
flooding. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: Low Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding: General Fund Timeframe: 2015-2019
9.2 Consider purchasing additional watercraft for emergency rescue operations during flooding. Lead: Fire Priority Low
Status: New initiative. Equipment would supplement existing water rescue equipment. Potential Funding: General Fund Timeframe: 2015-2019
The following Strategic Action was included in the 2008 Plan but because of work accomplished, it is not proposed for inclusion in the 2014-2019 Plan Update:
Study the feasibility of elevating the Naubuc Avenue Bridge.
Lead: Physical Services, Engineering Priority: Low Status: Rehabilitation to this historic bridge was completed in 2012 to address
structural deficiencies. The work included storm drainage updates and the provision of flood compensation area. No changes in elevations were made and are not planned.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 292
Map 32: Glastonbury Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 293
Map 33: Glastonbury Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 294
Granby
Granby is a rural, low density residential community located in northwest Hartford County on the
Massachusetts border. It covers a land area of 40.7 square miles and has an estimated population of 11,300. Granby is not only large in area, but it has a substantial variation in elevation. The Town’s many brooks serve as a drainage basin of the Farmington River. The main watercourses running through Granby include Beech, Bissell, Dismal, Higley, Hungary, Mountain and Salmon (East and West Branches) Brooks. Major transportation routes include state routes 10/202, 20, 189 and 219.
Since preparing the initial Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan in 2008, the Town has had unique
opportunities to evaluate its ability to respond to natural hazards. These opportunities were presented in 2011 by Hurricane Irene, and by the 2011 Halloween nor'easter, sometimes referred to as Storm Alfred. To a lesser degree the Town was challenged by the 2008 Ice Storm which impacted homes within the higher elevations of the town. With the Ice Storm, the Department of Public Works was directed to re-open roads that were blocked by fallen trees and the Town’s emergency shelter was activated to assist those without power. It is recognized that most residents in Granby who are without power will also be without water. This is true for all residents living at the higher elevations. Following the storm, the Town’s YMCA was made available for residents to shower, and Town water was made available for residents to fill water containers. Within a few days the Town was mostly back to normal and it was felt that the Town could successfully respond to such an emergency. Connecticut Light and Power also responded quickly and effectively to this emergency.
With both Hurricane Irene and the Halloween Nor’easter, the Town’s emergency response team was
activated and helped to coordinate the necessary response. CERT was formed in 2010, following the guidelines of Homeland Security. Hurricane Irene presented initial problems mostly related to flooding. Many roads were closed as the flood waters rose, but were quickly re-opened as the water receded. Power outages were limited to a few individual property owners, as was basement flooding. The Town did not need to provide emergency shelter. The Emergency Response Team was satisfied with their ability to respond to Hurricane Irene, but felt that they could have charted the flooding and road closers more effectively if they had better maps. They requested large plastic coated maps to assist with the future coordination of road closers. These were created through the Town’s GIS system and provided to every fire station along with multiple copies to the Police Department and CERT.
The Halloween Nor’easter hit the Town of Granby only two months after Hurricane Irene. With most
of the trees still retaining their leaves and with the combination of high winds and heavy snow, trees broke apart throughout the town in all but the highest elevations. The trees took down power lines throughout the Town and the downed trees and power lines prevented the Town crews from plowing the roads. All over Town residents were trapped without power and emergency vehicles had little opportunity to reach them. The Town was fortunate that the weather quickly broke and was followed by somewhat warmer days and sunshine. However the electrical service was completely devastated throughout much of the region and CL&P was overwhelmed by the destruction. Restoring power was very slow and tedious. The Town opened its emergency shelter and quickly learned that it was not sufficient to service the large number of residents in need. Fortunately, as the roads were cleared, many residents were able to find accommodations outside of Town. CERT worked well with CL&P asking that they prioritize certain areas. A major electrical route of Route 10 was opened within 3 days, which solved some of the Town’s most serious problems. The YMCA opened and made showers available to all area citizens. Town facilities, operating on generators help residents as best they could. Generators
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 295
were in short supply and needed to be moved in order to clear waste from the Town’s sewer pump stations. Schools were closed for over a week.
Learning from the Halloween Nor’easter, the Town has added generators to all of its fire houses, the
Senior Center and Schools. CERT is now working on a plan to utilize these buildings during future emergencies. The Town also has a better understanding of the areas which need to be prioritized during emergencies. These include the Meadowbrook Nursing Home and the water tanks and pumps that service the Salmon Brook Water District. Through the actions of the State, CL&P is also improving its plans to respond in future emergencies. It was reported that CL&P was not prepared for an event of this size and had planned for a worst-case scenario in which 100,000 customers lost power, only one-eighth of those who actually did.
Challenges
Granby’s population is spread out over 40+ square miles resulting in a population density of only
284 persons per square mile. While some Granby citizens reside in areas of less than 200 feet above sea level, others live above 1000 feet. In Connecticut where winter weather often hovers around 32 degrees, even a slight decrease in temperature due to the increase in elevation will result in a snow/ice division. This is a common occurrence in Granby, where ice/snow conditions may be found in half of the town while simple rain falls in the remaining portion. Such was the case on 12/12/2008 when the town had significant road closures and power outages at elevations above 600 feet while residents in the lower areas wondered why school was being cancelled. Fortunately the Town has an excellent understanding of this and dispatches crews systematically to address each occurrence. While the steep terrain can be difficult to navigate during winter storms, the town crews are well trained and equipped to address such circumstances. New equipment and personnel are made available as necessary.
The Town contains significant forested lands, including state forest and the privately held properties
of the McLean Game Refuge and Granby Land Trust, and therefore has more concern over forest fires than most other towns in the region. The Lost Acres Fire Department has an excellent understanding of forests fires and is well equip to address the situation should it arise. The LAFD regularly updates its equipment as needed. New electrical generators were recently installed in all the fire houses.
A small portion of the Town is within the 100 year flood zone and very little development has
occurred or is allowed to occur within the area. Therefore the Town has had relatively minor losses due to flooding. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 17 property damage claims in Granby totaling nearly $99,000 to-date. The NFIP has paid out four Repetitive Loss Property claims on one property in Granby to-date. These claims have totaled over $23,000. Because of its steep terrain, when flooding does occur, the flood waters quickly recede following the storm. The Town has an excellent understanding of local flooding and is prepared to address areas of flooding for the short duration when the flood waters are present. In most cases this involves short term road closers. No new development is anticipated within the areas of potential flooding. Granby had no new construction or demolition since 2008 in floodplains or other vulnerable areas. The Town did a complete review and adopted modifications to Section 8.18 of the Zoning Regulation Special Flood Hazard Areas in September of 2008. These changes were adopted in accordance with recommendations of the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP). The changes are designed to decrease Granby’s vulnerability to flooding.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 296
Nonetheless, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH
model to analyze the risks that the Town of Granby might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring in any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $42 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 290
People Needing Shelter 538
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 66
Total Estimated Economic Losses $42,450,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $26,430,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $15,940,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $90,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Granby might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $86 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 0
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 200
Buildings Completely Damaged 9
Total Estimated Economic Losses $29,947,000
Total Residential Building Losses $26,053,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $1,783,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $2,111,000
Total Debris Generated 39,975 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 93
Hurricane Irene, which occurred in August of 2011, provided an opportunity for the Town to test its
preparation for such major events. Early on the Emergency Management team was activated. Many roads were flooded during the height of the storm and the Town quickly closed such roads and re- routed traffic. As expected the floodwaters quickly receded after the storm and the Town returned to normal. The October 2011 snowstorm, proved a much greater problem. Again the emergency management team was called into operation. However, the heavy snowfall and resulting tree and power line damage completely crippled the Town. The power outages were extensive and prolonged. The Town’s emergency shelter proved to be a great help in accommodating those without power, but also proved inadequate. In response to these events the Town has added generations to most of its public building and plans are being considered as to the future use of these building during prolonged emergencies.
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $2 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 297
protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011: Alfred
Town of Granby $39,537.37 $84,643.21 $1,925,977.58 $2,050,158.16
The Town is completely dependent on ground water for its potable water supply. Most homes in
Granby have individual wells, most of which are bedrock wells, though gravel pack or point wells are not uncommon. The Town has no history of droughts seriously impacting local wells, though shallow wells can be temporarily impacted. However, wells cannot operate without electricity. Therefore prolonged electrical outages will result in potable water and sewage disposal issues. Granby is serviced by two water companies, the Salmon Brook Water District and the Aquarian Water Company. Both of these companies are supplied by well water. The Aquarian Water Company is located in Simsbury, where its wells are all located. The Salmon Brook Water District has a 190,000 gallon water tank off of Pendleton Road, with wells located near the Town’s Salmon Brook Park. There is no history of concerns in regards to the quantity of the water supply. The Town works cooperatively with the Salmon Brook Water District in regards to maintaining the quality of the water. Plans are currently underway for the construction of a second water tank to service the District.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE PROPERTY DAMAGE DUE TO UNSAFE CONDITIONS RESULTING FROM WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Improve snow removal equipment and techniques. Strategic Actions:
1.1 Pursue increased funding for equipment and labor as necessary.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: The Town has purchased new and improved snow removal equipment
since 2008. It is recommended that this mitigation action be continued in the 2014-2019 Plan Update.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually during the budget process.
1.2 Continue to pursue opportunities for service and equipment sharing with neighboring communities through CRCOG’s service sharing initiative and otherwise. Lead: Public Works, Administration
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 298
Priority: Medium Status: Although there has not been an opportunity for service and equipment sharing
specific to snow removal, Granby has participated in a number of service sharing opportunities in the past and will continue to pursue opportunities to support snow removal.
Potential Funding Source: grants and local funds Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
1.3 Improve Public Works personnel contracts to ensure adequate staffing for storm situations. Lead: Administration Priority: Medium Status: Contracts have been revised and the Town feels that, absent unforeseen
circumstances staffing is adequate for most storms. Objective 2: Remove and prevent impediments to snow removal operations. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Educate private snow-removal contractors and residents on not obstructing roads and the right-
of-way. Lead: Police and Fire Priority: Medium Status: Continuing efforts have been made. Efforts will continue and outreach will be
conducted periodically. Potential Funding Source: local funds
Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Enforce existing ordinance prohibiting roadway obstructions. Lead: Police Priority: Medium Status: Continuing efforts have been made. Efforts will continue and enforcement will
be conducted as needed. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Educate public on hazardous conditions during storm events - promote safe driving techniques. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue to issue press releases and advisories.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 299
Status: The Town is now actively using the Everbridge Aware emergency notification system. This reverse notification system enables the Town to notify its citizens through every communication device—including mobile phones, landlines, smart phones, email, text messaging, instant messaging, pagers, and more based on their preferences and stops sending messages after a recipient confirms receipt. Outreach will continue to be conducted periodically.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: IMPLEMENT GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS TO REDUCE EXPOSURE TO PROPERTY DAMAGE AND LOSS OF LIFE AS A RESULT OF FLOODING Objective 1: Restrict development of buffer areas in flood prone zones and promote best development practices for minimizing environmental impacts. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to work with FEMA and DEEP to maintain zoning, subdivision and wetlands regulations
current with best practices. Lead: Community Development Priority: High Status: In September of 2008, the Town updated its Flood Hazard Regulation in
accordance with recommendations of the State DEEP and FEMA. Town regulations will continue to be evaluated periodically and updated as necessary.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Update the stormwater management plan as necessary. Lead: Engineering, Planning Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, the Town proposed to complete and implement a Stormwater
Management Plan. A comprehensive Stormwater Management Plan was revised and adopted in April of 2008. The Plan will be evaluated periodically and updated as necessary.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Investigate participation in the National Flood Insurance Program’s Community Rating System. Lead: Planning, Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 300
Objective 2: Maintain waterways, drainage and other structures in critical flood areas. Strategic Actions:
2.1 Address priority bridges, culverts and other drainage projects as may be identified in Capital
Improvement Plan. Lead: Public Works, Engineering, Administration Priority: High Status: As of December, 2012 the Town was in the final stages of a complete
reconstruction of the Silver Street Bridge. Over the past 5 years numerous drainage projects have been completed, mostly in conjunction with road reconstruction projects. The Town continues such concerns.
Potential Funding Source: local funds, bonding, and/or grants Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual evaluation of improvement projects will be undertaken
during the budget process.
2.2 Work with DEEP to continue to monitor dams as necessary. Lead: Engineering, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice; periodic monitoring of dams with DEEP will
continue. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Ensure traffic safety during flood events. Strategic Actions:
3.1 Regularly update the communication protocols with neighboring communities on road closures
and detour routing. Lead: Police, Fire Priority: High Status: The Town has worked to improve communications with neighboring towns and
this will remain a continuing effort. Updates will be made periodically. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Educate police personnel on detour routing protocols to ensure alternative routes can accommodate trucks. Lead: Police Priority: Medium Status: Continuing. Training will continue to be conducted periodically. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 301
3.3 Use GIS technology in coordinating and prioritizing response.
Lead: Police, Fire Community Development Priority: Medium Status: New, large size maps, with updated information were recently produced and
made available to first responders. GIS technology is available and has been provided to the Public Works and Police Departments. Education on its use continues.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: REDUCE PERSONAL PROPERTY DAMAGE AND POWER FAILURES CAUSED BY HIGH WINDS Objective 1: Aggressively work with utility companies to identify high risk areas and promote tree trimming. Status: Tree trimming is ongoing and aggressive. Objective 2: Relocate high density utility facilities underground. Strategic Actions:
2.1 Create a long range plan for placing utility facilities underground.
Lead: Planning, Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: Efforts have been initiated and the town will continue to work with the utilities
to develop an appropriate plan. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Pursue opportunities to relocate wires where they are vulnerable: areas of repetitive
power failure. Lead: Emergency Management, Planning Priority: Medium Status: Efforts have been initiated and the town will continue to work with the utilities
and property owners to encourage relocation of vulnerable wires as opportunities arise.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Promote an ongoing tree maintenance program along public rights-of-way.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 302
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Seek to increase local budget for tree trimming. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Since the storms of 2011 the DPW has been actively involved in tree trimming. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual evaluation of the tree trimming budget will be undertaken
during the budget process.
GOAL: REDUCE PERSONAL PROPERTY DAMAGE AND LOSS OF LIFE RESULTING FROM FOREST FIRES Objective 1: Promote forest management to reduce fire risks. Strategic Actions:
1.1 Develop and implement timber management program for town-owned property.
Lead: Public Works, Parks Priority: Medium Status: The Lead department heads will meet with local foresters to discuss the
development and implementation of a timber management plan. Separate plans may be necessary for individual properties. Prior to any adoption, draft plans will be subject to a public review process.
Potential Funding Source: local funds, grants Timeframe: 2015
1.2 Promote timber management planning with other major landholders including McLean Game
Refuge, Granby Land Trust and the State. Lead: Public Works, Parks Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. It is recommended that this project will continue to be considered in
next plan period. Outreach will be conducted periodically. Potential Funding Source: local funds (for outreach) Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Determine and implement best practices to facilitate forest-fire fighting.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 303
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Promote and implement best practices, such as fire roads, dry hydrants, etc. Lead: Community Development, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: The Office of Community Development has established an important working
relationship with the Lost Acres Fire Department for the review of proposed developments. This will be a continual effort and will be conducted as development proposals are reviewed.
Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Consider regulations requiring dry hydrant installations in new developments.
Lead: Community Development Priority: Medium Status: The Town is currently working with the Lost Acres Fire Department on a dry
hydrant requirement. Potential Funding Source: local funds Timeframe: Regulations are expected to be drafted in 2014 and are anticipated to
be adopted by 2016.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 304
Map 34: Granby Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 305
Map 35: Granby Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 306
H a r t f o r d
Hartford, Connecticut’s capital city, is an urban community centrally located within the Region. It
has a land area of 17.3 square miles and an estimated population of nearly 125,000. The elevation ranges from approximately 30 to 150 feet above sea level. Hartford drains to two watersheds – the Connecticut River to the east and the Park River to the west. In addition to the Connecticut and Park Rivers, other watercourses within the City include Cemetery and Gully Brooks. Interstates 91 and 84 intersect in Hartford. State routes 44, 187 and 189 also traverse the City.
Hartford is home to the Capitol and numerous state office buildings and other facilities. Brainard
Airport is located in the southeastern corner of the City. Numerous industries and businesses operate throughout Hartford, including many insurance companies. The City also houses three major hospitals: Hartford, Connecticut Children’s, and St. Francis. The City is also home to Trinity College and the University of Hartford. The University of Connecticut and University of St. Joseph has branches in the Downtown area. Finally, Hartford attracts many visitors throughout the year to its historic, arts and cultural venues including among others the Convention Center, XL Center, Riverfront Recapture, Comcast Music Theater, the Wadsworth Athenaeum, the Connecticut Science Center, the Old State House, Mark Twain and Harriet Beecher Stowe Houses, and the Bushnell Center for Performing Arts.
Challenges
Historically, Hartford has suffered significant losses from flooding and continues to be vulnerable to the risks posed by flooding. The Army Corps of Engineers built a dike in Hartford along the Connecticut River following historic floods in 1936 and 1938. The City has maintained the levee system for 70 years, and recently began a $21 million capital improvement program devoted to the system. The flood control system is an Accredited Levee under FEMA’s map modernization project. Hartford has not approved any building construction within the 100 year floodplain and has undertaken significant work since the adoption of the 2008 Plan to reduce its vulnerability to flooding as detailed in the list below:
Hartford Flood Control Projects completed during the period 2008 to 2013
1. Hartford Dike Repair and Maintenance Project: Completed in 2009, Cost: $5,000,000. Work accomplished: Levee Rip Rap Repair, Vegetation removal and animal burrow repair, Structural repairs on flood wall, Toe drain and drainage ditch repairs, construction of Access road on river side, Perform system certification analysis, testing and engineering.
2. Replacement of Diesel Engines, Gears and Equipment at North Meadow Pump Station and South Meadow Pump Station: Completed: 2009, Cost: $624,000
Work accomplished: Replaced four diesel engines at South Meadow pump station and four diesel engines at North Meadow pump station. Changed the gear box ratio for eight pumps. Installed five backstops for engines at South Meadow pump station.
3. Replacement of Valve Operators at Three Pump Stations: Completed: 2008, Cost: $475,000 Work accomplished: Replaced Valve Operators at South Meadow, Keney Lane and Bushnell park pump stations.
4. Replacement of Valve Operators at North Meadow Pump Station: Completed: 2009, Cost: $294,000
Work accomplished: Replaced four valve operators at North Meadows pump station. 5. Folly Brook Conduit Repairs: Completed: 2011, Cost: $ 1.00 Million
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 307
Work accomplished: Internal repair/rehabilitation to concrete and steel sections. 6. Park River and Auxiliary Conduits Sediment Removal and Maintenance: Completed: 2011, Cost: $2.9 Million
Work accomplished: Removed 8500 CY of Sediment from Auxiliary Conduit. 7. Weston Street and West Service Road Drainage Improvement (Phase 1): Completed: 2009, Cost: $283,000.00
Work accomplished: Drainage improvements to correct levee interior drain problem. 8. North and South Meadows Pond Dredging and Restoration Project: Completed 2013, Cost: $3,880,000
Work accomplished: Removed sediment from North Meadow Pond and South Meadow Pond. Installed fore bays at inlet locations in the pond.
9. Bulkeley Bridge Under Seepage Analysis: Completed: 2011, Cost: $ 200,000.00 Installed new Piezometers to measure levee under seepage.
In addition to the map modernization project, the Metropolitan District Commission’s (MDC) Clean
Water Project also poses significant opportunities and challenges to the City. As planning for the separation of storm water and sewer lines in the City and region, much of which discharges to the Connecticut River in Hartford, it is critical for the City to monitor potential impacts on flood control infrastructure.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid fifty property damage claims in Hartford totaling
$649,546 to-date. Hartford has had nine Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date on two properties with payments totaling $83,047. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the City of Hartford might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $206 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 812
People Needing Shelter 2,034
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 61
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities At least moderate damage and loss of use to one fire
station and one school Total Estimated Economic Losses $206,450,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $38,770,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $165,740,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $1,950,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the City of Hartford might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $565 million. The City’s hospitals would likely suffer moderate damage but would not be expected to experience loss of use. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 308
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 1707
People Needing Shelter 625
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 3134
Buildings Completely Damaged 58
Total Estimated Economic Losses $564,530,000
Total Residential Building Losses $343,675,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $140,680,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $80,175,000
Total Debris Generated 88,973tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 2820
According to information from the City and Connecticut Department of Emergency Management
and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the City and other local public and nonprofit agencies of over $7.4 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant City & Other Agencies Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non- Profit Agencies
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for
Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
WS Charlotte
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred
City of Hartford $1,996,519.30* $176,984.14 $3,895,708.62 $6,069,212.06
Other Agencies $230,581.69 $261,043.73 $876,819.30 $1,368,444.72
Hartford Total $2,227,100.99 $438,027.87 $4,772,527.92 $7,437,656.78 *Amount being reviewed by FEMA
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF NATURAL DISASTERS
Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems.
Currently the MDC is addressing this issue with improvements to existing systems. The City’s DPW is also making improvements to plans and operational systems to address flooding. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Pursue priority drainage projects identified in Capital Improvement Plan.
Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management, Administration
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 309
Priority: High
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Work is expected to be undertaken annually contingent upon availability of funding
Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2 0 1 4 -2 01 9
Objective 2: Address combined sewer overflows.
The MDC has made systematic improvements to the sewer systems within city limits to address overflow issues consistent with heavy rains. Strategic Actions:
2.1 Continue to participate in the MDC's Clean Water Project planning process. Lead: Metropolitan District (MDC), Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: High
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Staff will continue participation in periodic meetings with MDC.
Potential Funding Sources: MDC Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Ensure that the City's flood control pump stations can handle changes that may result from MDC
measures to address combined sewer overflows. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: High
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Reviews are conducted as information becomes available.
Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Ensure proper maintenance of flood control system. The City’s DPW has a detailed plan for maintaining the existing flood control systems. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue to implement necessary repairs and upgrades required by FEMA and the Army Corps of
Engineers to retain certification. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: High
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal, State Timeframe: Work to be scheduled annually during the 2014-2019 plan period
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 310
3.2 Update the flood control system maintenance manual. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: Medium
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Periodic updates will be made as needed.
Potential Funding Sources: local Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.3 Train City employees, according to the updated manual, in proper maintenance techniques.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: local Timeframe: It is anticipated that training will be offered at least annually throughout the
2014-2019 plan period.
3.4 Upgrade flood control facilities to automate warning systems and as many other features as
possible to increase safety. Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: Deferred while funding is investigated. Potential Funding Sources: Grants, state bonding
Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 4: Develop system for identifying and addressing potential debris hazards. The Department of Public Works has contingent plans and resources to address potential post-storm debris issues and is working with the State’s Interagency Debris Management Task Force CCM Municipal Management Bulletin #13-24.
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Pursue priority debris related projects, especially along the North Branch of the Park River,
identified in the Capital Improvement Plan Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management Priority: Medium
Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually, contingent upon funding
4.2 Inspect and clean Park River relief conduit.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium
Status: This is an established and sustained effort.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 311
Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2014-2019: Every year
Objective 5: Improve the ability of emergency responders to prepare and respond to natural disasters. Hartford Fire Department’s Department Directive titled “Storm Warnings and Preparedness” (DD 4.1 EOP) directly addresses the preparation levels necessary to effectively organize and respond to natural disasters. CRCOG’s Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP Plan) also provides preparedness and response direction.
Strategic Actions: 5.1 Continue with National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Incident Management
Team training, with a particular focus on response to natural disasters. Lead: Police, Fire, Emergency Management, Health & Human Services, Public
Works, Emergency Services & Telecommunications Priority: High Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: Regional & State Partners Timeframe: It is anticipated that training will be offered at least annually during the 2014-
2019 plan period
5.2 Investigate communications systems that will allow for emergency personnel to communicate in
currently uncovered areas, and will facilitate interdepartmental communications along the flood control system. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire, Health & Human Services, Public Works,
Emergency Services & Telecommunications Priority: Low Status: Completed
5.3 Research, identify means, including potential acquisition of public address systems, for facilitating communications with residents, especially those in low-income areas vulnerable to disasters. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire, Emergency Services &
Telecommunications Priority: Medium Status: Work is currently being undertaken. Potential Funding Sources: Federal, State, & Regional Timeframe: Study expected to be completed 2014
Objective 6: Improve the ability of emergency responders to serve special needs populations during natural disasters.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 312
The Hartford Fire Department’s Special Services division in conjunction with the City of Hartford’s CERT team have prepared and trained to address this specific issue. CRCOG’s Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP Plan) also provides preparedness and response direction.
Strategic Actions: 6.1 Take full advantage of the Reverse-911 system.
Lead: Police, Fire, Emergency Management, Health & Human Services, Emergency Services & Telecommunications
Priority: Medium Status: Completed
6.2 Continue training for evacuation of special needs populations. Lead: Police, Fire, Emergency Management, Health & Human Services Priority: Medium Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: None needed Timeframe: 2014-2019: training will be offered annually.
6.3 Support regional assessments of how to identify, maintain and use databases of special needs
populations. Lead: Emergency Management, Health & Human Services Priority: Medium
Status: This is a sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 7: Improve emergency communications to residents prior to and during natural disasters.
Hartford Fire Department has several communication methods in place such as Twitter, Facebook, Social Media, Media, Everbridge Notification System, as well as a new method soon to be implemented utilizing a smart phone app.
Strategic Actions: 7.1 Continue to offer educational forums for residents on personal emergency planning.
Lead: Health & Human Services, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This is an established and sustained effort. Potential Funding Sources: Federal, State, City operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: It is anticipated that forums will be offered at least annually.
7.2 Consider applying to FEMA's Community Rating System (CRS) program to help reduce flood
insurance premiums for property owners. Lead: Emergency Management, Planning, Public Works
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 313
Priority: Medium Status: Ongoing Potential Funding Sources: City operating budget, Federal & State Timeframe: 2014/2015: 3 months
Objective 8: Ensure ability of City to safely shelter in place, and when necessary, evacuate residents and visitors. The City has several shelters in place to serve as gathering points in an emergency. The Hartford Fire Department’s Special Services division in conjunction with the City of Hartford’s CERT team have prepared and trained to address this specific issue. CRCOG’s Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP Plan) also provides preparedness and response direction.
Strategic Actions: 8.1 Participate in local and regional hurricane evacuation training.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: High Status: Ongoing: Training exercise completed June 20, 2013. Further training as
available will be completed during the 2014-2019 plan period. Potential Funding Sources: Federal, State & Regional Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: ENSURE THE ABILITY TO DISTRIBUTE COMMODITIES.
Objective 9: Improve viability of food commodities during natural disasters.
The Hartford Fire Department’s Special Services division in conjunction with the City of Hartford’s CERT team have prepared and trained to address this specific issue. CRCOG’s Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP Plan) also provides preparedness and response direction. The City’s Board of Education also has a plan to address this issue. Strategic Actions:
9.1 Maintain refrigeration for perishable food items. Lead: Board of Education, Emergency Management, Public Works, Health & Human
Services Priority: High Status: New Initiative Potential Funding Sources: Federal, State, Regional Timeframe: 2014/2015: Within 9 months
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 314
Map 36: Hartford Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 315
Map 37: Hartford Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 316
Hebron
Hebron is a rural community in Tolland County, in the southeast corner of the Capitol Region. Major
transportation routes through Hebron include state routes 66, 85, 207 and 316. The Town’s land area covers 37 square miles with an estimated population of 9,700. According to the U.S. Census, between 2000 and 2010, the number of housing units has increased by nearly 15% to over 3,500 units. Most of the residential development in Hebron consists of single family homes. Recently, most new development has been constructed near the center of town.
The elevation in Hebron ranges from 300 to over 650 feet above sea level. Most water drains to the
Salmon River Watershed, but a small portion in the northeast drains to the Willimantic Watershed. The principal watercourses in Hebron are Fawn, Mint, Raymond and Senate Brooks. The 184 acre Amston Lake is located in the southeast portion of Town. Amston Lake’s water level is controlled by an earthen dam with a concrete spillway. The outlet of the lake is an unnamed watercourse that feeds into Raymond Brook. The dam was recently repaired and upgraded.
The Town relies on its underground water supply for its drinking water. Most residences and
businesses rely on private wells for their drinking water supply. Public water, provided through a private water company, serves several neighborhoods including the Town Center and Amston Lake areas. The Town’s most extensive aquifer is located in the Raymond Brook Marsh area. The aquifer has been identified in the Aquifer Protection Zone of the Town’s Zoning Regulations. The Town actively seeks to protect sensitive lands and was recently awarded a state open space grant to purchase a 50 acre parcel near the Raymond Brook Marsh. Approximately 20% of the Town’s land area is permanently protected open space.
Challenges
Among the challenges facing Hebron in the event of a natural disaster are providing adequate water
supply and emergency shelter for residents. Public water service in the Town Center has recently been extended. The Fire Department inventoried all fire ponds and dry hydrants in Town and is now working to develop a plan for additional dry hydrant locations. The Town and Chatham Health District will need to monitor the available capacity of the sewer treatment plant and ability of the town’s ground water reserves to address the needs of future development including fire suppression particularly in the event of drought. The Town is currently updating its Plan of Conservation and Development and will be assessing its infrastructure needs as part of that process.
The Town will also need to assess the capability of the RHAM middle and high school to serve as
regional emergency shelters. Hebron, Andover and Marlborough share a regional middle/high school (RHAM) located in the center of the town of Hebron. The high school is being considered for use as a regional general population shelter while the middle school is being considered for use as a special needs shelter. Electrical upgrades, generators and fuel capacity sufficient to provide power to operate bathroom and cooking facilities are needed to enable the schools to be used as emergency shelters.
The three federally declared disasters of 2011 tested the Town’s ability to respond to severe snow
and tropical storms. According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 317
Management and Homeland Security, these three natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other public and private nonprofit agencies of $163,197. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town & Other Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Hebron $47,786.22 $61,537.03 $35,050.27 $144,373.52
Hebron Other $12,081.81 $6,741.62 $18,823.43
Hebron Total $59,868.03 $68,278.65 $35,050.27 $163,196.95
The loss of power is particularly challenging because the Town has hundreds of residences and
businesses which rely on wells and grinder pumps. Also, the Town Hall does not have back up power. Debris management after storm events is another concern for the Town. Hebron’s landfill is capped and cannot be used for debris disposal.
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Hebron might face from
a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be significant and could be over $46 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 4
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 335
Buildings Completely Damaged 22
Total Estimated Economic Losses $46,100,000
Total Residential Building Losses $38,940,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $3,190,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $3,970,000
Total Debris Generated 69,870 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 140
The Town of Hebron has worked to limit its vulnerability to flood hazards. In 2004, a structure in a
floodplain on Grayville Road was modified to place all mechanical equipment above flood elevation. No new construction has occurred in a floodplain since 2008. The building codes are based on FEMA requirements or reference FEMA recognized ASCE 24 construction standards. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid three property damage claims in Hebron totaling $5,043.26 to-date. Hebron has no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Although flooding is not as large a concern in Hebron as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Hebron might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 318
interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $4 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 74
People Needing Shelter 37
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 0
Total Estimated Economic Losses $4,400,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $2,870,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $1,520,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $0
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: ASSURE ADEQUACY OF RESPONSE TO WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Provide adequate equipment, staff and other resources to maintain passable roads and facilitate power restoration.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Maintain and implement equipment replacement schedules.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Annually through CIP Potential Funding Sources: General operating fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: to be reviewed annually during budget process
1.2 Investigate regional service sharing initiatives.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Hebron has participated in several service sharing projects in the past including
GIS flight and mapping project and a trails maintenance project. The Town will continue to investigate service sharing opportunities which can improve response to natural disasters.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating fund, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Continue informal arrangements with private contractors.
Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 319
Status: Contractors are routinely put on notice of approaching needs and opportunities Potential Funding Sources: General operating fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.4 Continue with tree maintenance program.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: This is a sustained effort. There is a continual need for tree maintenance. Potential Funding Sources: General operating fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.5 Expand salt/sand storage facilities.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This project is in the planning stage Potential Funding Sources: CIP Timeframe: Expected to be in place by 2015
Objective 2: Educate public on how to prepare for hazardous conditions.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue to maintain special needs population list for monitoring during emergency situations.
Lead: Emergency Management, Fire Marshal, Police Priority: High Status: The Town has an established and sustained public education and outreach
effort to at risk population through registration in the Everbridge Potential Funding Sources: General operations budget, EMD, Fire Marshal’s budget. Free
publications from Department of Health and Fire Administration, Everbridge reverse notification system currently funded through Preparedness grant through Chatham Health District. Funding may not be in place in 2014 due to cuts in bioterrorism budget at State level. The system currently in place will be maintained throughout the 2014 -2019 planning period.
Timeframe: 2014-2019 with an annual review.
2.2 Develop and disseminate public outreach materials to citizens.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Because there is a continual need to keep residents informed, the Town
undertakes outreach efforts on a sustained basis. Updated materials are posted on the Town’s website and mailed to residents periodically and handed out at special interest group meetings. Efforts will continue.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 320
Potential Funding Sources: General operating fund Timeframe: 2014- 2019
GOAL: OPTIMIZE MITIGATION ACTIVITIES AGAINST NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Minimize risk of forest fires.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to encourage installation of dry hydrants in new developments without water
sources. Lead: Planning Priority: High Status: The Planning and Development Department routinely encourages installation
of dry hydrants in areas without access to public water supplies in predevelopment and weekly staff meetings with developers and builders. It is recommended this practice continue.
Potential Funding Sources: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Develop and implement timber management plan for town-owned forested land. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to complete a draft plan. Lead: Planning, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Research needed Potential Funding Sources: Federal and state grants and local funds Timeframe: 2015-2019
Objective 2: Minimize risk from flooding.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue to monitor bridges and culverts for adequate flow capacity.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: Reports received periodically from the State of Connecticut Assessments will
continue to be made routinely as crews are in the field. Potential Funding Sources: CIP and operating fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 321
2.2 Continue to enforce development regulations to minimize impacts on wetlands and flood zones. Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: High Status: The Planning and Development Department coordinates the development
review process; conducts weekly staff meetings with potential developers and builders; ensures technical review by the Town Engineer, Fire Marshal and Chatham Health District staff; and advises the Planning and Zoning Commission and Inland Wetlands Commission on staff recommendations. Efficient enforcement of development regulations is routine for the Department whose offices include: the Town Planner, the Building Official, the Zoning Enforcement Officer, the Wetlands Agent, and the Water Pollution Control Administrator. This effort will continue to be carried out on a routine basis as development proposals are received and construction is undertaken.
Potential Funding Sources: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL OBJECTIVES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES ARE PROPOSED TO BE
INCLUDED IN THE 2014 – 2019 PLAN UPDATE:
Objective 3: Improve ability of town and residents to prepare for and respond to severe weather Strategic Action: 1.1 Establish RHAM High School as a regional shelter
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for establishing the school as a shelter. Lead: Town Administration, Region Eight Board of Education, Emergency
Management CEOs from Hebron, Marlborough, Andover Priority: High Status: New Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Establish Town Hall as the Emergency Operations Center with generator
Lead: Town Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative; however, an application was submitted in the spring of
2013 for funding under the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program for a generator. To be completed in 2014 dependent upon availability of funding.
Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding Timeframe: By end of 2014
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 322
1.3 Establish the Fairgrounds as a shelter for pets and other animals and as a staging location for
shuttle service to and from the shelter. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for establishing the school as a shelter. Lead: Town Administration Emergency Management, Lion’s Club, supporting town
Administrations, local Veterinarians Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Sources: Grant funding, donations initially, no funding is in place in town
budgets, but is recognized as a regional need. Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 4: Improve School Security and response to emergency situations Strategic Action: 1.1 Establish a security review of all schools, reevaluate current school plans, and establish Standard
Operations Plan (SOP) for all schools in the Town of Hebron. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to complete the security review and evaluation of current school plans. Lead: Emergency Management, Hebron Schools, RHAM Regional School, Fire Marshal,
Connecticut State Police (CSP) Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Planning has begun, school self-survey has been
conducted winter 2013, identifying and prioritize gaps found in the survey. CSP team has conducted walkthrough 6-12-2013. Confirm findings and immediate needs to address short term, and seek funding sources for long term solutions.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, School board funding, Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 323
Map 38: Hebron Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 324
Map 39: Hebron Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 325
Manchester
Manchester is a fully suburban community of over 58,000 located east of East Hartford. The Town covers about 27.3 square miles. Elevation ranges from about 80 to 500 feet above sea level and Manchester’s land area drains primarily to the Hockanum River and its watershed. Small areas along the southern border of the town drain to the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed. In addition to the Hockanum River, other major waterways in Manchester include: Bigelow, Birch Mountain, Lydall and Porter Brooks. Several regionally significant transportation routes run through Manchester including Interstates 84, 384 and 291, as well as state routes 44/6 and 83. Principal industries include: engineered fibers, steel metal fabrication, plastics, machine tool companies, printing, warehouse/distribution facilities, electronic equipment, aircraft and missile components. Manchester is also home to one of the largest regional retail concentrations in New England. The Buckland Hills area includes over 3 million square feet of retail and services anchored by the Buckland Hills Mall, over 300 hotel rooms, restaurants, and movie theaters. The Town also boasts the Cheney Brothers National Register Historic District which includes historic mills and housing, and the downtown Main Street National Historic Register district.
Challenges
Manchester owns and operates its own water company. The protection and management of significant forested watershed land and the multiple stratified-drift aquifers relied upon by the residents of Manchester is paramount. In addition, Manchester is fortunate to have a significant open space recreation area of regional importance. The vast and rugged forested landscape known as Case Mountain Recreation Area poses some fire risk, especially at the natural/residential interface. Finally, there is some hazard potential to Manchester if there is a failure of an impoundment in towns upstream. Manchester will continue to maintain communications regarding potential hazards.
Since 2008, the Town of Manchester Public Works Department has received Flood Plain Zone and
Wetlands Permit approval for five (5) projects including structural improvements to stormwater drainage infrastructure in Special Flood Hazard Areas that help mitigate flood risks. No new construction of primary residential or commercial structures has been permitted in the Special Flood Hazard Area. The Planning and Zoning Commission and Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Agency has approved several minor structural renovations, installation of accessory structures and site improvements in regulated areas in accordance with the flood hazard reduction and resource compensation standards outlined in the Zoning and Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations. Manchester revised its Flood Plain Zone regulations in 2008 to meet required standards for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program. In accordance with the adopted standards, encroachments in the floodway are prohibited and any reduction of water holding capacity in the Special Flood Hazard Area caused by filling, new construction or substantial improvements shall be compensated for by deepening and/or widening of the flood plain.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 26 property damage claims in Manchester totaling
$106,585 to-date. Manchester has had four Repetitive Loss Property claims on two properties totaling $43,204 to-date. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $64 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 326
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 542
People Needing Shelter 983
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 11
Total Estimated Economic Losses $64,350,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $16,900,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $47,180,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $280,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Manchester might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $320 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 341
People Needing Shelter 78
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 2,475
Buildings Completely Damaged 132
Total Estimated Economic Losses $319,740,000
Total Residential Building Losses $226,970,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $54,870,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $37,900,000
Total Debris Generated 70,116,tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 1,357
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $5.9 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Other Agencies (Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow DR-4023-CT
Irene August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Manchester $195,625.42 $98,051.65 $5,490,873.84 $5,784,550.91
Manchester Other $16,605.57 $120,205.26 $136,810.83
Manchester Total $212,230.99 $98,051.65 $5,611,079.10 $5,921,361.74
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 327
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DUE TO FLOODING, WINTER STORMS, HURRICANES AND HIGH WINDS Objective 1: To reinforce, renovate and upgrade existing critical town facilities.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Implement needed improvements to build a new Emergency Operations Center, when funding
is available, at the Department of Public Works facility to withstand hurricanes and other disasters. Lead: Facilities Management Priority: High Status: Completed
1.2 Implement needed upgrades to electrical system at the Senior Center, which is the primary
emergency shelter to allow year-round use. Lead: Facilities Management, Human Services Priority: High Status: Completed
1.3 Install operating generators at all primary and tertiary shelters and designated alternate
care sites. Lead: Facilities Management Priority: Medium Status: Completed
Objective 2: To upgrade existing transportation infrastructure in order to allow for continuity of operations.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Upgrade identified flood prone roadways to reduce potential for access being blocked due to
flooding. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Status: Capital improvement program regularly includes funding for road and drainage
upgrades that are used to address drainage issues and flood prone roadways. It is anticipated work will continue to be scheduled annually.
Potential Funding Source: Capital Improvement funds and local bonding Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Maintain list of on-call consultant engineers who can provide necessary assistance for structural
and other specialized engineering assistance in response to impacts from natural disasters.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 328
Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Completed. The list is updated periodically. Potential Funding Source: Capital Improvement funds, local bonding and General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019; it is anticipated updates will be made annually
2.3 Upgrade bridge and/or other structure replacements based upon potential impact from flood
hazards. Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Work is currently being undertaken; assessment of bridges under 20’
completed. Hartford Road/Hop Brook bridge replacement project is currently in design phase.
Potential Funding Source: Local bond funds combined with State and local bridge program grants
Timeframe: 2013-2015
Objective 3: To upgrade existing communication system in order to facilitate efficient emergency response in a natural disaster.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Upgrade Emergency Operations Center communications system, including any necessary
building upgrades. Lead: Police, Fire, Facilities Management Priority: High Status: Completed
GOAL: REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF FLOODING DAMAGES THROUGH MONITORING AND INCREASED PUBLIC AWARENESS Objective 1: Coordinate with the Town of Vernon to monitor dams and potential flooding along Hockanum River.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue communications with Vernon emergency management personnel.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 329
Objective 2: Raise awareness of flooding risks among property owners.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Determine real estate disclosure practices in high risk areas.
Lead: Planning Priority: High Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Implement an educational system for property owners, including appropriate materials and means for information dissemination. (Include information on importance of properly maintaining private trees). Lead: Planning Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Raise awareness of public health concerns from flooding of private wells and/or on-site septic systems.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue to update identified private properties including businesses, food service
establishments, daycares and group homes served by private wells and/or on-site septic systems located within known flood risks. Lead: Health, Environmental Health Services, GIS staff Priority: High Status: This is an established practice; regular monitoring will continue Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Implement an educational program for private owners including materials and
recommendations for appropriate remediation of private utilities that have been subjected to flooding, for health protection and promotion. Lead: Health, Environmental Health Services Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice; regular updates to be program are made
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: it is anticipated outreach will be made on a yearly basis.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 330
Map 40: Manchester Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 331
Map 41: Manchester Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 332
Marlborough
Marlborough is a rural community in Hartford County covering a land area of 23.3 square miles and
with an estimated population of 6,410. Elevation ranges from about 160 to 800 feet. The Town is located in the Salmon River Watershed. The Blackledge River, Dickinson Creek, and Fawn and Lyman Brooks are the principal watercourses in Marlborough. The 83 acre spring fed Lake Terramuggus is located in the center of Town. State routes 2 and 66 intersect in Town. As a chiefly residential community, local businesses are the predominant industry. According to the Town’s Plan of Conservation and Development, one-third of Marlborough’s land area is protected forest land. Continued protection of the Town’s natural resources is a focus of the Town’s Plan.
Challenges
Storm damage to trees resulting in road blockages, power outages and debris accumulation is a
concern for the town. Because the Town has large tracts of forested land, wildfire is another concern. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Marlborough might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $30 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 2
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 228
Buildings Completely Damaged 13
Total Estimated Economic Losses $29,657,000
Total Residential Building Losses $24,955,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $2,213,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $2,489,000
Total Debris Generated 45,503 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 90
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of nearly $160,000. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene- August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Marlborough $50,074.99 $31,387.47 $78,128.83 $159,591.29
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 333
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid eight property damage claims in Marlborough totaling over $46,647 to-date. The NFIP paid a total of $6,400 on two claims on one repetitive loss property to-date. No new construction or demolition has occurred in the floodplains since the adoption of the 2008 Plan. Although flooding is not as large a concern in Marlborough as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Marlborough might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $5 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 57
People Needing Shelter 30
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 2
Total Estimated Economic Losses $5,170,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $3,450,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $1,720,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $0.00
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: ENSURE CAPACITY OF TOWN TO REMOVE SNOW Objective 1: Maintain an adequate fleet of trucks and equipment, and staff.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Fund and perform routine maintenance on and replacement of public works fleet.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: Purchased three dump trucks through bonding during last five years. It is
recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update to address needs for additional equipment and vehicles. Acquisitions to be made according to the Vehicle Replacement Plan and subject to available funding.
Potential Funding Sources: Surplus funding, sale of existing equipment, bonding, lease purchase, military surplus
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Fund adequate staff and private labor. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Maintained staffing levels over past five years during economic downturn. It is
recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update. Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually through budget process
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 334
GOAL: REDUCE POWER OUTAGES AND ENSURE SAFETY OF PROPERTY AND LIFE AS A RESULT OF NATURAL HAZARDS (Note: This goal was stated as “Reduce power outages as a result of natural hazards” in the 2008 Plan.) Objective 1: Establish effective tree maintenance program for town right-of-way.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Fund and institute routine maintenance of trees in town right-of-way either through town staff
or private contractor. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Doubled General Budget for this effort from $5,000 to $10,000. It is
recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update. Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually through budget process
1.2 Investigate opportunities for cost savings through sharing tree maintenance services with
neighboring communities through CRCOG service sharing initiatives or otherwise. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Options will be explored within next five years. Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Monitor utility right-of-way maintenance.
Lead: Public Works, Public Safety Priority: Medium Status: Developed better working relationship with CL&P over past five years through
CL&P Liaison Program. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: periodic and before expected events.
Objective 2: Ensure access to power for residents in emergency situations.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Pursue opportunities, through CREPC and otherwise, to obtain a generator for the Town Hall
Emergency Operations Center. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: In the 2008 Plan, this action was identified as “Pursue opportunities, through
CREPC and otherwise, to obtain generators for shelters.” That activity is
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 335
deferred. However, Town is seeking a FEMA grant currently for a generator for Emergency Operation Center in Town Hall. It is recommended this strategic action be revised in Plan Update to address need for a generator for Emergency Operation Center in Town Hall. The project will be undertaken upon availability of funding.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants. Timeframe: 2014-2015
2.2 Educate residents on emergency preparedness and services available in the event of an
emergency through town website, print media and other means.
Lead: Emergency Management, Public Safety Priority: Medium Status: Town has had several outreach efforts over past five years including seasonal
and pre-event website and Everbridge updates; annual notices to sewer users regarding need to pump out grinder sewers; post event outreach to grinder pump users; distribution of emergency preparation booklets through school children and inclusion of a notice about the CT Alert system and Get Ready Capitol Region website in the July 2012 tax bill mailing. It is recommended this strategic action be retained in Plan Update.
Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Seasonally and before expected storms.
THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND MITIGATION ACTIONS ARE PROPOSED FOR THE 2014-2019 PLAN UPDATE:
GOAL: EXPAND CAPACITY OF THE COMMUNITY TO DEAL WITH NATURAL DISASTERS Objective 1: Develop programs to educate and involve residents Strategic Action: 1.1 Establish a local CERT team.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Potential Funding Sources: General Budget / EMPG Grant Timeframe: 2014-2015: Within one to two years
1.2 Expand citizen volunteers available to manage the town shelter Lead: Emergency Management / CERT Team / Administration Priority: Low Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Periodically
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 336
1.3 Expand citizen registration in Marlborough Alerts/Everbridge Program
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Upcoming year and periodically thereafter
Objective 2: Undertake studies and analyses to assess risks. Strategic Action: 2.1 Prepare a forest fire suppression study.
Lead: Planning & Development, Marlborough Volunteer Fire Department, Public Works
Priority: Low Potential Funding Sources: Grants and General Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 337
Map 42: Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 338
Map 43: Marlborough Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 339
N e w i n g t o n
Newington is a fully suburban town in central Connecticut with a population of about 30,562. The Town encompasses 13.2 square miles and ranges in elevation from 40-350 feet above sea level. The northern section of Newington lies in the Park River Watershed, while the southern section is within the Mattabesset River watershed. The principal watercourses in Town include the Mill, Piper, Rockhole and Webster Brooks. Many state highways run through Newington, including the limited access Route 9, and the Berlin Turnpike (Routes 5/15). Major industries in Newington include printing and manufacturing of airplane parts, dies, gauges, tools and plumbing supplies, as well as significant retail development along the Berlin Turnpike. Newington also houses the Veterans Administration’s Connecticut Health Primary Care Facility, the Connecticut Department of Transportation and the Connecticut International Skating Center. The town has recently experienced the development of three major residential complexes; Newington Ridge, Waverley Drive, and Woodland Estates. In addition, there are various elderly housing campuses around town; Cedar Village, Kelliher Park, Millbrook Village, and the newly developed New Meadow Village.
Challenges
The Town has not permitted any new structures in the 100 year flood zone since the adoption of the 2008 Plan and thus has not increased its vulnerability to flooding. Nonetheless, flooding is a major concern for Newington. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 43 property damage claims in Newington totaling nearly $665,000 to-date. There have been 17 Repetitive Loss Property claims on five properties totaling over $643,000. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $16 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 144
People Needing Shelter 283
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 23
Total Estimated Economic Losses $15,730,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $4,690,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $8,930,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $70,000
The Town frequently experiences flooding in the Stamm Road area, which encompasses an industrial
area and the Amtrak rail line. In fact, the Town contracted the Natural Resources Conservation Service to conduct a study of flood reduction alternatives for the area due to concern for the safety of residents, property owners, and Amtrak riders in light of recent flooding events. The existing flood insurance study did not factor in the potential for failures of the railroad embankment, which occur relatively frequently, therefore, a study using a more realistic flood model was needed. The NRCS study, completed in 2004, documents the flooding problems in this area and reviews several mitigation strategies. The report recommends removing the railroad spur line culvert, replacing existing culverts with box culverts sized to the 100-year flow level along the rail line, and installing various flood proofing measures for eight buildings on Stamm Rd. and Liberty St. The replacement of culverts would reduce the cost of flood
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 340
proofing measures. In addition, minor flooding conditions continue to be a problem in the following areas; at the intersection of Main and Dowd and Main and Harding, in the area of Mill Brook.
To implement the recommendations of the 2004 NRCS study would require cooperation from Amtrak, as rail service would have to be suspended while tracks are removed and replaced. Given the amount of planned activity in this area, including the Hartford-New Britain Busway, New Haven- Springfield commuter rail service and plans for the Central CT State University campus, the risks for damages to property and life appear likely to increase. Therefore, the implementation of the NRCS flood reduction recommendations is a top priority although it will require the cooperation of multiple agencies, (Town, State, and Federal), and other regulating authorities and neighboring towns.
In addition to flooding, the Town is also concerned with hurricanes and severe storms. Recently, the
town has added the use of the Everbridge Notification System, providing the ability to target the whole town or selected areas.
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Newington might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be almost $169 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 55
People Needing Shelter 7
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1,340
Buildings Completely Damaged 90
Total Estimated Economic Losses $168,800,000
Total Residential Building Losses $119,715,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $30,630,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $18,415,000
Total Debris Generated 30,900 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 616
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $2 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for
Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Newington $65,803.73 $140,941.77 $1,975,847.48 $2,182,592.98
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 341
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF FLOODING, HIGH WINDS AND SEVERE WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Coordinate with Central CT State University, Amtrak, CT Department of Transportation and
Northeast Utilities to implement recommendations of the NRCS study of Piper Brook/Stamm Road area and\or explore other alternatives (design initiatives) to ameliorate the flooding. Lead: Highway, Engineering Priority: High
Status: This is an established practice. Town will review and continue correspondence with the State.
Potential Funding Source: C.I.P., State and Federal Grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Ensure that Amtrak properly maintains existing drainage system around rail bed.
Lead: Highway Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: Amtrak Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Ensure Town properly maintains its drainage facilities near Stamm Road/Piper Brook complex.
Lead: Highway Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: C.I.P., General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.4 Notify Wilbur Smith, who is conducting the New Haven-Springfield commuter rail study, of town's flooding and rail safety concerns, and of NRCS study's recommendations. Lead: Town Planner Priority: High Status: Completed. The NHHS rail project Environmental Assessment addresses the
need to repair/replace the Piper Brook and Webster Brook stream crossings. (For the Plan Update, this strategic action will be replaced by the broader action below.)
1.5 Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems. Lead: Town Planner
Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 342
Status: This is a new Initiative for this Plan Update, however, efforts are underway. In 2013, the Town established a Low Impact Development and Stormwater Manual and in March 2014, the Zoning Regulations were revised to require use of low impact development techniques. Efforts will continue through the development review process.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.6 Continue to support Metropolitan District Commission efforts to disconnect residential tie-ins to the sewer system. MDC will provide public outreach updates by informational sheets (i.e. flyers) and community meetings. Lead: Highway Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Potential Funding Source: MDC Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates are expected
Objective 2: Improve the ability of public works to prepare and respond to severe winter storms and other natural emergencies.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Plan and implement enhanced salt road treatment technology, including storage facility
construction. Lead: Highway Priority: Medium Status: Completed
2.2 Continue to support CT DOT in state road treatment.
Lead: Highway Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice and will continue on an as needed basis. Potential Funding Source: general fund, state aid Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Improve the ability of public works and parks and recreation to prepare and respond to hurricanes/high wind events.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Develop and implement street and public tree maintenance plan.
Lead: Parks & Grounds Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 343
Status: Efforts have begun to develop this plan Potential Funding Source: general fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: completion is expected by the end of 2019.
Objective 4: Ensure ability of municipal departments to respond to emergencies resulting from natural hazards.
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Continue training through Local Emergency Planning Committee.
Lead: Police, Fire, and other Management personnel Priority: High Status: This is an established and sustained practice. Potential Funding Source: general fund, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual training is anticipated
4.2 Emergency Operations Center (EOC)
Lead: Town Manager, Fire, Police, and other Management personnel Priority: High
Status: This is a newly identified initiative; however, efforts are underway to ensure that local officials are familiar with the functions and capabilities of the EOC. The EOC is located in the new Police Station. The operations of the EOC will be maintained through the annual budget process.
Potential Funding Source: general funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 344
Map 44: Newington Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 345
Map 45: Newington Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 346
Rocky Hill
Rocky Hill is located in the southern portion of the Capitol Region. Its land area covers 13.9 square
miles with an estimated 2010 Census population of 19,703. Elevation in Rocky Hill ranges from approximately 30 feet to 400 feet. Land area drains primarily to the Connecticut River Watershed, although the southwest portion of Town drains to the Mattabesset River Watershed. Aside from the Connecticut River, major watercourses include Dividend, Goff, Hog and Saw Mill Brooks. Principal transportation routes through Rocky Hill include Interstate 91 (with access to two exists), State Route 99 (running north-south located on the east side of Town), State Route 3 (running north-south located on the west side of Town), State Route 160 (running east-west and centrally located) and State Route 400 (running east-west and centrally located). An active freight rail line, owned by Providence-Worchester Railroad, runs north-south through Town along the Connecticut River providing service to one Rocky Hill business on a weekly basis and providing access to regional freight lines throughout New England, New York and Ohio. Paralleling the rail line is the Buckeye Jet Fuel line which runs from New Haven to Bradley International Airport, providing jet fuel to Bradley. The State Veterans Home and Hospital and Dinosaur State Park are among approximately a dozen State agencies located in Town. Rocky Hill’s major industries include professional, scientific and technical services, finance and insurance, warehouse/ distribution, health care and construction.
Rocky Hill is professionally managed by a full-time Town Manager. The Police Station serves as the
Emergency Operations Center with the Rocky Hill Public Library serving as back-up and a warming/cooling center. The Police Department is comprised of 26 sworn police officers plus the Police Chief, Deputy Police Chief and seven full time emergency dispatch personnel. Fire protection is provided by three volunteer fire stations.
An economic assessment study completed in 2011, projects an additional 1,838,000 square feet of
new development potential. Recent completed and approved projects include a 250,000 square foot refrigerated warehouse/distribution facility, 22,000 square feet of new medical buildings, a 142,000 square foot mixed-use retail-restaurant-office project, the redevelopment of the CT Foundry, a Brownfield property located on the Connecticut River, into a residential mixed use development, construction of a 144 unit apartment building, the location of a new pre-k through 5 magnet school and over 22 new businesses.
Challenges
The top three natural hazard mitigation challenges likely to impact Rocky Hill will result from floods,
hurricanes/tropical storms and winter storms. Floods: The Connecticut River forms the Town’s eastern border for approximately four miles. The
other major watercourses are the Mattabesset River on the west side of Town and Goff Brook, Hog Brook and Saw Mill Brook.
Flood mitigation measures should be addressed to protect the MDC wastewater treatment facility
located in the northeast corner of Town in the Connecticut River flood plain. The facility is vulnerable to the 100 year flood event. Additional threats resulting from annual flood events directly along the
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 347
Connecticut River are few. Ferry Landing Park and parts of meadow Road become inaccessible during many spring flood events. Access to some of the buildings during some flood stage events is not possible. Advance notification and education are key mitigation measures for these property owners.
When the Mattabesset River floods in Berlin, Saw Mill Brook will flood, rendering the extreme
western portion of France Street, the residences located there and the Town the of Berlin inaccessible. Additional areas of concern are Beach Road and Main Street (CT RT 99) in the vicinity of the former Ames property. Beach Road is susceptible to periodic flooding isolating homes north of Little Brook. State Drainage structures located on Main Street (CT 99) are under-sized, causing periodic localized flooding.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 10 property damage claims in Rocky Hill totaling
over $95,500 to-date. There have been two Repetitive Loss Property claims totaling over $41,400 filed on a single property. To limit future vulnerability to floods, the Town has not permitted any new structures in flood zones, and in 2008, updated the Town Code Chapter 141, Flood Damage Prevention, in accordance with NFIP minimum standards. Nonetheless, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $ 5 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 24
People Needing Shelter 27
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1
Total Estimated Economic Losses $4,740,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $1,840,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $2,900,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $0.00
Winter Storms & Hurricanes/Tropical Storms: Rocky Hill emergency response personnel are highly
skilled and experienced in emergency response. Emergency response personnel and the Town of Rocky Hill highway employees are crossed trained in snow removal and emergency response for multiple and pre-disaster events.
Snow removal on Town roads is not an issue. However, the State roadways are insufficiently cleared
and/or there are significant delays in snow removal, causing complications with snow removal at intersections of Town and State roadways and transportation delays for emergency response personnel and Town plow crews. Specialized snow removal equipment, such as for clearing sidewalks and restricted access areas, would greatly assist with mobilization efforts in and around staging areas and at designated public buildings.
Maintaining access to the Town’s fire hydrants is always an issue during heavy snow events. A Town
Ordinance requiring residents to clear hydrants in front of their properties, as well as public notification reminders, help to address this issue.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 348
Heavy snow and high winds associated with winter storms and hurricanes/tropical storms bring the risk of power failures. A primary concern is to maintain power at the Town’s EOC/Police Station, the Town Community Center/Town Hall (shelter) and the Library, which is utilized as a back-up shelter during power outages. The existing generator for the Police Station/EOC is older than 20 years and requires replacement the generator for the Library is in need of up-grading. The High School and West Hill School are appropriately located to be utilized as shelters.
Power restoration sequencing is important. The Town, in cooperation with CL&P, has designated
Century Hills Apartments as a first priority restoration area due to a high concentration of apartment and a large Asian Indian population. The second priority for power restoration is senior and over 55 adult housing developments.
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Rocky Hill might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $155 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 138
People Needing Shelter 25
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 827
Buildings Completely Damaged 47
Total Estimated Economic Losses $115,185,000
Total Residential Building Losses $80,688,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $21,190,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $13,307,000
Total Debris Generated 28,622 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 463
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $1 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program Applicant:
Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 -Alfred
Town of Rocky Hill $113,168.33 $257,069.39 $690,662.55 $1,060,900.27
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 349
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
The Town reassessed its goal, objective and mitigation actions identified in the 2008 Plan. The
Town’s 2008 goal of “Reducing the risk of loss of life and property as a result of natural disasters,” was restated to specifically identify flooding, winter storms and hurricanes/tropical storms. A number of new objectives and associated mitigation actions were proposed. Also, some mitigation actions from the 2008 Plan were modified to recognize work accomplished or changes in priorities.
GOAL: REDUCE THE RISK OF LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AS A RESULT OF FLOODING, WINTER STORMS AND HURRICANES/TROPICAL STORMS.
Objective 1: Improve the ability of the Town to provide emergency sheltering for at least 5,000 residents. Strategic Actions:
1.1 Supply new generators and appropriate fuel for The EOC/Police Station, the Library, the High
School and West Hill School to be used as emergency shelters. Lead: Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High (raised from Medium in 2008 Plan) Status: Grant application submitted. The need for generators at the EOC/Police Station
and Library is now recognized in addition to the need for generators at the schools.
Potential Funding Source: FEMA Timeframe: Completion anticipated by end of FY 2013-14
1.2 Prepare plans to identify a potential site for a warehouse facility for storage of emergency
sheltering resources as State/Federal funding becomes available. Lead: Emergency Management, Planning & Zoning Priority: High (raised from Medium in 2008 Plan) Status: Preliminary planning is underway to identify a potential site Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants Timeframe: Completion anticipated by end of FY 2013-14.
1.3 Continue to replenish sheltering supplies (cots, water, food, etc.) as expiration dates warrant. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Current practice; continue as needed. Replenishments will be made dependent
upon expiration dates of stocks. Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants Timeframe: FY 2013-18
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 350
1.4 Seek funding sources for purchase of shelter supplies Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Current practice; continue as needed Potential Funding Source: FEMA, General Fund Timeframe: Annually during FY 2013-18
1.5 Ensure and supply transportation access to emergency shelters. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a current practice. The Town has dedicated three vehicles to this purpose
which is addressed in the emergency operation procedures. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: FY 2013-18
Objective 2: Provide access for police, fire and other emergency response personnel to the roadway system, to fire hydrants and to sidewalks a timely manner during and after storm events. (Note: This is a newly identified objective for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.)
Strategic Actions:
2.1 Work with the State DOT towards better coordination and quicker State response to clear State
Roads Lead: Town Administration, Highway Priority: High Status: This is a new Initiative which was begun in August 2013. Efforts will continue
throughout the plan period. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Acquire specialized snow removal equipment
Lead: Highway Priority: High
Status: This is a new Initiative. Potential Funding Source: FEMA Timeframe: Completion is anticipated by end of FY 2013-14
2.3 Continue enforcement of fire hydrant and sidewalk clearing ordinance
Lead: Police Priority: High
Status: Although this is a new Initiative for the Plan Update, this is an current practice of the Town.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: following snow storms
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 351
Objective 3: Restore power loss due to storm events in an expeditious manner and to targeted priority areas through improved emergency response coordination with utility companies (Note: This is a newly identified objective for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.) Strategic Actions:
3.1 Continue to work with and improve coordination with utility companies to provide first order
power restoration to Century Hills, senior housing, age restricted developments and assisted living developments.
Lead: Administration, Emergency Management, Engineering Priority: High
Status: Although this is a new Initiative for the Plan Update, this is an established practice of the Town. The Town has coordinated with NU to implement a staging plan for power restoration
Potential Funding Source: General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Hold meetings on a regular basis to plan and coordinate natural hazard mitigation and
coordinated disaster response. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium
Status: This initiative builds on existing efforts to coordinate with the MDC and with CL&P through its municipal liaison program.
Potential Funding Source: General fund, Utilities Timeframe: 2014-2019: Quarterly or as required (Emergency response personnel meet
quarterly with MDC.)
Objective 4: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems.
Status Update: In the 2008 Plan, the Town identified two drainage improvement projects which have been completed. These are the Belden Brook piping project and improvements in the Terry Lane/Elm Ridge Park area.
Strategic Actions:
4.1 Improve the drainage on Beach Road by installing a box culvert raising the road above the flood
elevation. Currently periodic flooding occurs isolating the homes north of the Little Brook. Lead: Engineering
Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Source: LOCIP-Town Roads Timeframe: FY 2016-18
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 352
4.2 Improve the end of France Street to provide a two lane road meeting current design standards. Outer France Street becomes impassable during times of flooding due to flood waters over the road from the Sawmill Brook in Rocky Hill and Mattabesset River in Berlin. Rocky Hill residents have no access to or from the west and are forced to use a one lane road with limited visibility. Lead: Engineering Priority: Medium Status: This is a new Initiative Potential Funding Source: LOCIP-Town Roads, FEMA Timeframe: FY 2018-2019
4.3 Continue municipal education and fine program to disconnect residential sump pumps from sewage system. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: The 2008 Plan proposed the establishment of a municipal education program;
this program has been implemented along with an associated fine program. The Town will continue these efforts.
Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual educational outreach is anticipated.
4.4 Continue to support MDC’s Clean Water project
Lead: Administration Priority: Medium
Status: Although this is a new Initiative for the Plan Update, this is an established practice of the Town.
Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2018
Objective 5: Implement flood mitigation measures to protect the MDC wastewater treatment facility located in the northeast corner of Town. (Note: This is a newly identified objective for the 2014-2019Plan Update.) Strategic Action:
5.1 Work with the MDC towards implementation of flood protection measures.
Lead: Town Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: FY 2014 - As required
Objective 6: Mitigate flood loss/damage during flood events within the Connecticut River flood plain. (Note: This is a newly identified objective for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.)
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 353
Strategic Actions:
6.1 Continue with advanced notification and education of impacted property owners.
Lead: Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: Although this is a new Initiative for the Plan Update, this is an established
practice of the Town. Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: in advance of storms; annual educational outreach efforts are
anticipated
6.2 Continue implementation and enforcement of the Town’s Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance and the Flood Overlay District Zoning Regulation. Lead: Planning & Zoning Priority: High Status: Although this is a new Initiative for the Plan Update, this is an established
practice of the Town. Efforts will continue as development reviews, inspections and enforcement are undertaken.
Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
6.3 Acquire targeted properties as State/Federal funding becomes available Lead: Engineering Priority: Low Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: FEMA, other federal grants and state aid Timeframe: 2015-2019
Objective 7: Improve emergency response coordination with utility companies and the Towns of Berlin, Newington, Wethersfield and Cromwell. (Note: This is a revised objective for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.) Strategic Action:
7.1 Hold meetings on a regular basis to plan and coordinate natural hazard mitigation and
coordinated disaster response. Lead: Administration, Emergency Management, Highways, Engineering
Priority: High Status: This is a revised initiative which expands on current strategy of meeting with
utility companies. Emergency response personnel currently meet quarterly with MDC.
Potential Funding Source: Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Quarterly or as required
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 354
Map 46: Rocky Hill Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 355
Map 47: Rocky Hill Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 356
Simsbury
Simsbury is a suburban community of about 23,600 located in the western portion of the Capitol Region. Its land area encompasses 33.9 square miles. Elevation in town generally ranges from about 150 to 500 feet above sea level. Most of Simsbury contributes to the Farmington River Watershed, although a very small portion in the southeast drains to the Park River Watershed. Watercourses in town include the Farmington River and Bissell, Grimes, Hop, King Philip, Nod, Minister, Munnisunk, Owens, Saxton, Second, and Still Brooks. Principal industries include agriculture, insurance offices, non-electric blast initiation systems, polypropylene fiber manufacturing, and safety and detonating fuse making. The main transportation routes through town are north-south state routes 10/202 and 167, and east-west state routes 185, 309 and 315.
Challenges
While Simsbury has been pro-active in assuring that new land-use developments are not placed in floodplains or wetlands, and the Town has worked to preserve open space in the floodplain, flooding is a significant challenge for Simsbury. The Town has several areas of repetitive loses involving at least eleven properties and resulting in claims of over $389,000. Overall, the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has paid 100 claims in Simsbury totaling over $526,615 to-date. For homes with repetitive loses, the Town is utilizing the Everbridge notification system. The Towns Social Services Department maintains a listing of elderly, frail and disabled persons so that notification and contact can be made in flooding and loss of power events. The Town is carefully reviewing renovation/reconstruction plans for homes in repetitive lose areas in order to assure that flood proofing is accomplished and that utility/heating facilities are located above the 100 year flood level.
Also, there are a number of important roads that in recent years have been overtopped by flood
waters, with resulting limitations to travel by emergency vehicles and access to the Town’s Emergency Shelter. In two flood events (Hurricane Irene and Storm Sandy), certain critical access roads were blocked. Route 185 was closed at East Weatogue Street, severing a major east/west transportation artery. Route 315 was closed, isolating the Tariffville Village area and preventing those residents access to the Town emergency shelter. Town Forest Road flooding blocked access/egress to the Town Public Works Campus. Riverside Road flooding blocked emergency vehicle access to the neighborhood. Solutions for some of these roads, such as Route 185 and Riverside Road are accomplishable by raising road elevations above the 100 year flood level. However, the environmental and cost implications in raising Route 315, suggest that a secondary emergency shelter site be established at the Tariffville Elementary School. Access improvements on Town Forest Road can be accomplished, but at a large expense. Work involves raising the road above the 100 year flood level and replacing two large culverts and associated drainage.
CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Simsbury might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $102 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 357
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 347
People Needing Shelter 604
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 135
Total Estimated Economic Losses $102,150,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $50,940,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $50,880,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $330,000
Losses from strong hurricanes would also be significant. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a Category 3 hurricane such as the 1938 Hurricane would be nearly $89 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 11
People Needing Shelter 1
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 512
Buildings Completely Damaged 21
Total Estimated Economic Losses $88,800,000
Total Residential Building Losses $74,170,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $7,550,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $7,070,000
Total Debris Generated 44,301 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 259
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $3.8 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses. Storm Alfred, by far, wreaked the most havoc on the town. During Storm Alfred, the municipality experienced extreme costs in excess of $3.6 million in order to clear downed trees, operate emergency shelters, and clear roads. Snow storms have been found to be the most costly events, with widespread community impacts. A comprehensive, fully founded, and utility coordinated tree trimming/removal program is urgently needed to address the issue of downed trees from damaging overhead utilities.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Simsbury $75,635.26 $60,224.55 $3,557,624.88 $3,693,484.69
Simsbury Other
$107,978.10 $107,978.10
Simsbury Total $75,635.26 $60,224.55 $3,665,602.98 $3,801,462.79
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 358
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE POTENTIAL FOR LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AS A RESULT OF FLOODING Objective 1: Incorporate natural hazard mitigation strategies into new/existing projects. Strategic Actions: (The following mitigation measures which were identified in the 2008 Plan are proposed to be continued in the 2014-2019 Plan Update) 1.1 Continue to implement regulations prohibiting net flow increase from new development.
Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: High Status: This is an established practice of the Town. As applications for development are
received by the Town, they are routinely reviewed for their conformance to flood plain regulations. Town inspectors ensure the developments are constructed in conformance with approved plans and regulations.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019.
1.2 Implement recommended regulations that result from study of impervious coverage in various
areas of town. Lead: Planning, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: The Town undertook a low impact development study and developed
stormwater design guidelines, a development checklist and proposed regulations in 2011. As development proposals are submitted they will continue to be reviewed in accordance with approved guidelines and regulations.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Correct undersized drainage systems in repetitively flooded areas.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Upgrade culverts associated with Bissell Brook on Fire Town Road.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This project identified in the 2008 Plan was completed prior to the 2014-2019
Update
2.2 Upgrade culverts associated with Stratton Brook on Town Forest and Stratton Brook Roads. Lead: Public Works, Administration
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 359
Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan was not completed and is
proposed to be included in the 2014-2019 Plan Update. This work is identified in the Town’s Capital Improvements Program.
Potential Funding Sources: Bonding and State Aid Timeframe: Completion is anticipated by end of 2015
Objective 3: Ensure the protection of private properties at greatest risk.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Explore participation in the Community Rating System.
Lead: Emergency Management, Planning Priority: High Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan was not completed and is
proposed to be included in the 2014-2019 Plan Update Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Pursue acquisition of parcels with potential for development along or within 100-year floodplain
to preserve as open space. Lead: Planning, Administration Priority: High Status: This project, identified in the 2008 Plan, was completed prior to the 2014-2019
Plan Update. Connecticut DEEP acquired land in the floodplain on Eno Place adjacent to the Simsbury Game Management Area.
GOAL: REDUCE THE POTENTIAL FOR LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AS A RESULT OF WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Continue to trim/remove hazard trees.
Strategic Actions: (The following mitigation measures which were identified in the 2008 Plan are proposed to be continued in the 2014-2019 Plan Update) 1.1 Maintain relationship with CL&P - currently CL&P serves on local public safety committee.
Lead: Public Safety Committee Priority: High Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Bi-monthly meetings
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 360
1.2 Continue local tree maintenance work. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds (Note: Additional funding is needed.) Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Maintain informal agreements with local contractors for emergency debris removal work Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Provide planning and equipment for traffic rerouting.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Purchase mechanical signs.
Lead: Police, Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This project identified in the 2008 Plan was completed prior to the 2014-2019
Plan Update 2.2 Maintain mutual aid agreements with neighboring communities.
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Minimize risks vulnerable to populations as a result of power failure.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Maintain special needs population list.
Lead: Social Services Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 361
Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates are anticipated.
3.2 Work with convalescent and day care centers to plan for evacuations. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual outreach is anticipated.
3.3 Work with CREPC to obtain funding to purchase generators for shelters. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.4 Equip a secondary shelter at Tariffville School. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This project is proposed as a new initiative to be included in the 2014-2019 Plan
Update. This project is identified in the Town’s Capital Improvements Program. FEMA grant funding was awarded in the fall of 2013.
Potential Funding Sources: General funds and grants Timeframe: Installation to be completed in 2014
GOAL: REDUCE THE POTENTIAL FOR LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AS A RESULT OF WIND Objective 1: Continue to trim/remove hazard trees. (Note: This is the same as Objective 1 from Goal 2 above.)
Strategic Actions: (The following mitigation measures which were identified in the 2008 Plan are proposed to be continued in the 2014-2019 Plan Update) 1.1 Maintain relationship with CL&P - currently CL&P serves on local public safety committee.
Lead: Public Safety Committee Priority: High Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Bi-monthly meetings
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 362
1.2 Continue local tree maintenance work.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds (Note: Additional funding is needed.) Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Maintain informal agreements with local contractors for emergency debris removal work Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Provide planning and equipment for traffic rerouting. (Note: This is the same as Objective 2 from Goal 2 above.)
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Purchase mechanical signs.
Lead: Police, Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This project identified in the 2008 Plan was completed prior to the 2013/14
Update
2.2 Maintain mutual aid agreements with neighboring communities. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice
which will be continued. Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Coordinate back-up communications. Strategic Action: 3.1 Continue to implement upgrades to fire, police and town-wide communications systems.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 363
Status: This project which was identified in the 2008 Plan is an established practice which will be continued.
Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Upgrades to be considered annually during the budget process.
THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL GOAL, OBJECTIVES AND MITIGATION ACTIONS ARE PROPOSED TO BE INCLUDED IN THE 2014-2019 PLAN UPDATE:
GOAL: IMPROVE ACCESS DURING FLOOD EVENTS
Objective 1: Raise road elevations to assure access Strategic Actions: 1.1 Raise Riverside Road near Drake Hill Bridge
Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: Bonding and State Aid Timeframe: 2016-2018
1.2 Raise Route 185 near East Weatogue Street
Lead: Public Works, Engineering Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: Bonding and State Aid Timeframe: 2016-2018
Objective 2: Co-ordinate efforts with Connecticut DOT Strategic Actions: 2.1 Coordinate with Connecticut DOT for Route 185 work.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Potential Funding Sources: General funds Timeframe: 2015-2018
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 364
Map 48: Simsbury Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 365
Map 49: Simsbury Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 366
Somers
The rural town of Somers is located in the northeast corner of the Capitol Region, along the Massachusetts border. The Town has a population of over 11,400, and covers a land area of 28.3 square miles. Elevation ranges from about 250 feet on the western side of town to over 900 feet in the hills on the eastern side. Somers lies in the Scantic River Watershed. Its major watercourses include the Scantic River and Abbey, Gillette, Gulf, Shady, Thrasher, Watchaug and Wrights Brooks, as well as Woods Stream. The main transportation routes through town are north-south state routes 83 and 186, and east-west route 190. Somers hosts the State of Connecticut Osborn and Northern Correctional Facilities. Somers is also home to portions of the Shenipsit State Forest. Principal industries are agriculture and diversified industry.
Challenges
Flooding is a concern for the Town of Somers. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid ten property damage claims in Somers totaling $243,412 to-date. However, there have been no Repetitive Loss Property claims in Somers to-date. No new development or demolition in floodplains has occurred since the 2008 Plan. A particular area of flooding concern is the site of the former Somersville Mill on the Scantic River. On June 1, 2012, the mill burned down and building materials were deposited into the River. The mill site spans the river, is located in the floodplain and restricts flow in the river. The bricks which were deposited in the watercourse as a result of the fire further restrict the Scantic River flow. The mill owner has abandoned the property and the Town is seeking state funding to remove the debris and thus reduce the environmental and flooding hazards here.
A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to
analyze the risks that the Town of Somers might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $13 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 157
People Needing Shelter 145
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 10
Total Estimated Economic Losses $12,790,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $4,920,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $7,770,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $120,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Somers might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $38 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 367
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 0
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 301
Buildings Completely Damaged 20
Total Estimated Economic Losses $38,200,000
Total Residential Building Losses $30,160,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $4,420,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $3,630,000
Total Debris Generated 42,316 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 126
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $1.3 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for
Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Somers $52,949.48 $35,555.20 $1,218,810.02 $1,307,314.70
Providing back-up power and sufficient sheltering capabilities during prolonged outages is also a concern of the Town. The Town’s primary shelter is the High School. To address the need to increase shelter capacity, the Town has discussed providing a secondary shelter/warming center. Such a secondary center would allow classes to resume at the High School while meeting residents’ needs at another location. The Senior Center has been considered for this purpose and could also serve as a backup polling place in the event of a power outage.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 368
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF NATURAL DISASTERS Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Implement the recommendations of the Somers Floodplain Management Study.
Lead: Floodplain Manager, Land Use, Engineering, Public Works, and Administration (Note: due to reorganization, the Land Use Department replaces the Planning Department for the plan update.)
Priority: High (Note: The priority for this mitigation action was Medium in the 2008 Plan, however, the Town has revised the priority to High for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.)
Status: There were several flood studies developed for specific areas of town. In 2013, the Town was awarded a $500,000 STEAP (Small Town Economic Assistance Program) grant to improve culverts on Battle Street and Mountain Road. As an initial project to be funded with this grant, the Town will hire a consultant to prioritize which culverts to improve. ACOE & DEEP permits will also need to be obtained.
Potential Funding Sources: STEAP grants as well as LoCIP, TAR and bond funds as needed to undertake additional culverts.
Timeframe: 2013-2015
1.2 Continue to use the Floodplain Management Studies as a resource in determining the potential impacts of proposed development and town projects to be included in the Capital Improvements Program. Lead: Floodplain Manager, Engineering, Land Use Department, Planning Commission,
Zoning Commission Priority: Medium Status: As part of development review process, plans are reviewed for flood impacts
and floodplain regulations are enforced. Peak runoff from new development is detained in detention basins per the town’s regulations. (There have been few new development proposals and subdivisions proposed in last 5 years, however.) The Town also uses the flood studies to identify projects to be included in the Capital Improvements Program. Also, a recent University of New Hampshire inventory and study of road surface conditions identified a number of road flooding issues. Use of the flood studies in the development review process will continue as a routine effort. Semi-annual reviews of road conditions will be conducted.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating expense budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 369
1.3 Work with the DEEP to improve the Camp Road dam. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this strategic action was identified as, “Work with the YWCA
and DEEP to improve the Camp Road dam, regardless of ownership.” The Town was awarded a grant in December 2012 to purchase the YWCA property and is currently finalizing the sales contract. Some improvements to the dam were made over the past few years: a clogged structure was removed and overflow pipes were replaced. Additional improvements and permitting are needed at the outlet.
Potential Funding Sources: Operations funding will be used for the additional dam improvements that are needed. Grant funding opportunities will also be reviewed as potential sources of funding.
Timeframe: 2014 to 2015
1.4 Improve drainage system through continued replacement and maintenance of older culverts. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this strategic action was identified as, “Improve artificial
drainage system through continued lining of older culverts to increase flow capacity.” Gulf Road and Stafford Road culverts were relined over the past several years.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating budget, grants, CIP, bonding Timeframe: 2014-2018: specific projects to be identified annually
1.5 Investigate participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System program.
Lead: Emergency Management, Land Use Department, Administration (Note: due to reorganization, the Land Use Department replaces the Planning Department for the plan update.)
Priority: Medium Status: Deferred until 2014-2015.
The Town plans to work in conjunction with CRCOG to establish the Community Rating System program in Town.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating budget, grants Timeframe: 2014-2018
Objective 2: Reduce the likelihood of damage from wind and severe storms.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue preventive tree maintenance.
Lead: Public Works, Tree Warden
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 370
Priority: High (Note: The priority for this mitigation action was Medium in the 2008 Plan, however, the Town has revised the priority to High for the 2014-2019 Plan Update.)
Status: The Town maintains an inventory of trees requiring trimming and hires a private contractor to assist with tree trimming on an as needed basis. Over last three years, tree trimming has been done on average of three times per month.
Potential Funding Sources: DPW operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Acquire emergency generators at Town Hall and Senior Center to ensure continuity of government and provide additional sheltering capacity. Lead: Administration, Emergency Management, Public Works Priority: High Status: This initiative is a refinement of a strategic action identified in the 2008 Plan to
“Increase sheltering capacity and educate residents on emergency sheltering.” (See below). To address the need to increase shelter capacity, the Town has discussed providing a secondary shelter/warming center which would allow residents needs to be met at a location other than the high school (which is the Town’s primary emergency shelter) as sheltering needs diminish in the days following an event. A secondary facility would allow classes to resume at the high school while meeting residents’ needs at another location. The Senior Center has been considered for this purpose and could also serve as a backup polling place in the event of a power outage.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, operating funds Timeframe: By 2016.
2.3 Educate residents on having a personal family disaster safety plan and emergency supply kit. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This initiative is a revision of a strategic action identified in the 2008 Plan to
“Increase sheltering capacity and educate residents on emergency sheltering.” (See below). Public outreach is and will be a routine effort.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Encourage new developments housing special needs populations to include generators for
sheltering on site. Lead: Land Use, Building Priority: Medium Status: It is recommended this action be continued in the Plan Update. The Town
intends to review ordinance proposals to require generators for new such developments.
Potential Funding Sources: Operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: As developments are proposed.
Ordinance: 2014
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 371
The following mitigation strategy was included in the 2008 Plan; however, the Town modified this strategy for the 2014-2019 plan update replacing it with 2.2 and 2.3 above.
Increase sheltering capacity and educate residents on emergency sheltering. Lead: Emergency Management and Administration Priority: Medium Status: The Town website has been used for educating the public on the availability of
emergency shelter services and to advance notifications of impending storms. Press releases to Patch.com and other news outlets are also routinely used to notify about public about shelter facility and services. (Also see strategic action 2.2 above.)
Objective 3: Reduce the likelihood of damage from forest fires.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Continue installation of dry hydrants and cisterns in needed areas of Town.
Lead: Land Use, Fire Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this strategic action was identified as, “Implement regulations
requiring installation of dry hydrants and cisterns in new developments.” The strategic action is restated for the 2014-2019 Plan Update because of the work the Town has accomplished in the past years and to address the fire suppression needs of existing development. In 2007, the Town enacted an ordinance requiring cisterns and dry hydrants for developments not served by public water. Implementation of this requirement will continue on a routine basis as a part of the development review/enforcement process. As developments are reviewed, the ordinance will be enforced. Also, the Fire Department secured grants in 2013 for dry hydrant installation in river at King Road.
Potential Funding Sources: Reviews to be done with current staffing through the Town’s operating budget; grants will be sought for additional dry hydrant installations to serve existing developments.
Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 372
Map 50: Somers Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 373
Map 51: Somers Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 374
South Windsor
South Windsor is a suburban community northeast of Hartford. It encompasses roughly 28.5 square
miles, with a population of about 26,900. The varied topography of South Windsor contributes to three watersheds; primarily to the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed, but also to the Scantic River in the north and the Hockanum River to the east. The Connecticut River flows along the western boundary. Other major watercourses include the Podunk and Scantic Rivers and Averys, Bancroft, Dry, Newberry and Waples Brooks. Interstate 291 travels through the southwestern corner of South Windsor; other major transportation routes include state routes 5, 30, 74 and 194. Principal industries include commercial and institution food distributors, fuel cell power plants, machine and equipment design and manufacture among others. South Windsor also has significant retail development located in the southeast corner of town, around the Buckland Hills regional mall, and at the Shops at Evergreen Walk.
Challenges
Flooding and severe storms are the primary natural hazards of concern of the Town of Windsor.
Flooding has generally localized impacts while severe storms are more likely to have town wide impacts. Severe storms can result in prolonged power outages, disruptions to communications and transportation, and debris management issues.
The Town of South Windsor, through its Flood Plain Regulations (Sec. 5.2 of the Zoning Regulations,
revisions adopted in September 2008) mitigates hazards caused by natural processes (floods) by prohibiting the construction of structures designed for human habitation within those zones. The regulations further mitigate hazards by specifying construction standards by which all other structures must comply that take into account flooding effects on structures. Currently, in A or AE zones there are 32 main houses, 17 barns, 5 garages, 3 gazebos, 68 sheds, 11 trailers, a wastewater treatment plant, and 2 pump stations. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 16 property damage claims in South Windsor totaling $117,095 to-date. South Windsor has had four Repetitive Loss Property claims on one property totaling $42,689 to-date. The town is also aware of two houses on Ferry Lane and two on Main Street that have been damaged more than once by floods; although it does not appear these structures are insured under the National Flood Insurance Program. Since 2008, there has been no construction or demolition in the floodplains.
A significant flood event could result in much damage in flood prone areas of the town. CRCOG used
FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $33 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 289
People Needing Shelter 542
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 48
Total Estimated Economic Losses $33,240,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $16,370.000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $16,800,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $80,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 375
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of South Windsor
might face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $131 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 28
People Needing Shelter 2
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1009
Buildings Completely Damaged 71
Total Estimated Economic Losses $131,400,000
Total Residential Building Losses $90,700,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $26,600,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $14,100,000
Total Debris Generated 45,147 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 455
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $7.1 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses. There were two commercial building roofs damaged during Storm Alfred in October 2011.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality & Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of South Windsor $99,058.79 $153,119.56 $6,860,182.25 $7,112,360.60
South Windsor Other $1,604.08 $1,604.08
South Windsor Total $99,058.79 $153,119.56 $6,861,786.33 $7,113,964.68
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
The Town reassessed and evaluated the goals, objectives and mitigation actions identified in the 2008 Plan. Some mitigation actions were restated and for some, lead agencies or priorities were revised. The Town also identified a number of new mitigation actions to initiate over the next five years. GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC DISRUPTION RESULTING FROM NATURAL DISASTERS
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 376
Objective 1: Ensure dams and detention basins are in good repair. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Assess and make recommendations on public and private structures including, but not limited
to, Avery Heights dam, dam at Lake St., dam at Veteran's Park off Parkview Dr., and Dzen's dam. Lead: Parks and Grounds, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Will be assessed on a case by case basis for private structures and public
structures will be inspected annually. Potential Funding Source: General funds, grants and loans Timeframe: Annual inspections throughout 2014-2019
1.2 Prioritize recommended measures and work with property owners to implement.
Lead: Parks and Grounds, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Will be assessed on a case by case basis Potential Funding Source: General funds, grants/loans where appropriate Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Improve communication capabilities to inform resident population. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue effort to require new employees to sign on to Everbridge System.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, the Town proposed to purchase a call-back communication
system. The Everbridge System was purchased and the Town is now proposing to ensure that staff is trained to fully utilize this communications system. New staff will be trained when hired.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Harden equipment for potential solar activity Lead: IT, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 377
Objective 3: Ensure the protection of private properties at greatest risk. Strategic Action: 3.1 Investigate participating in FEMA’s Community Rating System.
Lead: Planning, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred; however, the Town will continue to consider participation in
CRS. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: REDUCE TIME REQUIRED TO RESTORE COMMERCIAL POWER Objective 1: Improve tree limb maintenance to reduce number/area of power outages. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to contract out tree maintenance work, and to work with CL&P to maintain right-of-
ways. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In 2008, the Town proposed to inventory trees in the right-of-way, develop a
maintenance plan and contract out tree maintenance work. Due to the cleanup of the large number of downed trees and limbs following Storms Irene and Alfred, much work was done to reduce future risks of power outages due to fallen trees and limbs. For the Plan Update, the Town has restated the manner in which it will address tree maintenance but will continue efforts to reduce potential for power outages due to fallen trees and limbs.
Potential Funding Source: General funds, Utility Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Improve coordination with State DOT for emergency staging and management for debris, snow,
and all other emergencies. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Work with CRCOG and State DEEP to establish a regional debris management site.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 378
Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.4 Establish a local debris processing site at Barton Property
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2013-2015
Objective 2: Improve communication and coordination with electric utility. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Continue to meet with CL&P representatives to address problems including the implementation
of a lock out/tag out system. Lead: Public Works, Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This effort, identified in the 2008 Plan, is an established practice of the Town
and was not included in the Plan Update because it is felt it is a routine effort and is also accomplished through the regional communications effort listed below. CL&P has assigned local liaisons to work directly with the Town.
2.1 Continue regional efforts to improve communications with CL&P and to address problems including implementation of a lockout/tag out system. Lead: Public Works, Administration, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: The town has and will continue to support the region’s efforts to improve
communications with CL&P particularly through participation in CREPC. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSSES TO EXISTING AND FUTURE STRUCTURES FROM SEVERE WEATHER Objective 1: Use land use regulations to reduce risk. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to enforce regulations requiring the dedication of open space in new developments.
Lead: Planning
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 379
Priority: Medium Status: As new developments are proposed and reviewed, Town staff ensures that
existing regulations are followed. Because this is an established practice, the Town reassessed the priority assigned to this initiative, changing it from High to Medium.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Continue to enforce wetlands regulations.
Lead: Inland Wetlands Commission, Wetlands Agent Priority: Medium Status: As new developments are proposed and reviewed, Town staff ensures that
existing regulations are followed. Because this is an established practice, the Town reassessed the priority assigned to this initiative, changing it from High to Medium.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Review and improve enforcement of building codes. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Ensure that privately owned and installed generators are installed correctly.
Lead: Building Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice and will be handled on a case by case basis. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Will consider whether in the future there is a need to adopt a regulation that requires senior
housing developments to install some kind of generator to power at least a communal space. Lead: Planning, Building Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: Reevaluation of the need for this regulation will be undertaken during
2014-2019 Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Improve communication with property owners on measures they can take to reduce their losses from severe weather.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 380
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Use municipal website, Facebook, Twitter, Everbridge, You-Tube, and all other available means
of social media to educate residents on emergency preparedness. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: The Town routinely makes updates to emergency preparedness materials
posted on its website and proposes to expand this outreach to other forms of social media. Periodic updates and outreach will be conducted throughout the plan period (2014-2019) and particularly in advance of anticipated major events.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: periodically and in advance of major events.
3.2 Continue to maintain special needs population list. Lead: Emergency Management, Health Department Priority: Medium Status: The Health Department updated its emergency outreach contact information in
FY 2013. This effort will continue and periodic updates will be made throughout the plan period.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.3 Support replacement of equipment
Lead: Administration, Town Council Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019 – during annual budget process
3.4 Provide generators for Town shelters, Town Garage, Town Hall, and Police Department
Lead: Administration, Town Council Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019– during annual budget and grant application processes
3.5 Purchase cots, food supplies, and other equipment for emergency operations.
Lead: Administration, Town Council Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund, grants Timeframe: 2014-2019– during annual budget and grant application processes
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 381
3.6 Produce GIS mapping of critical town facilities. Lead: IT, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.7 Establish MOU with local food distributors and special emergency response equipment suppliers
for emergency services. Lead: Emergency Management, administration Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.8 Schedule quarterly reviews of GIS layers (data sets) and Town Emergency Operations Plan.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: Quarterly reviews to be conducted throughout 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 382
Map 52: South Windsor Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 383
Map 53: South Windsor Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 384
Stafford
Stafford is a rural community of approximately 12,000 residents. Situated in the Willimantic River Valley between almost parallel ranges of hills, Stafford is located in the northern portion of Tolland County approximately 20 miles from the City of Hartford. Located on the state line, Stafford is bordered by the Towns of Monson, Hampden, and Wales, Massachusetts to the north and the Town of Union, Connecticut to the east, the Towns of Willington and Ellington to south and the Town of Somers to the west. Stafford covers approximately 58 square miles, making it the third largest town (land area) in Connecticut. Throughout the town, there are numerous lakes, ponds, streams, forests and farmlands.
Stafford has a rich historical heritage. Long before its incorporation as a town in 1719, the famous mineral springs drew Indians and settlers to the Stafford area for the curative properties of the water. In addition to its reputation as a resort area, Stafford became known for its textile mills in the later 1800's. Some of the world's most famous cloth was (and still is) woven in this town. Today, Stafford displays a rich tapestry of quaint mills, Victorian houses, and rolling country from agrarian roots to its industrial foundations. There is a developed downtown business section bordered by several parks.
Town of Stafford is comprised of villages, hamlets and a borough all under one town government. They are the borough of Stafford Springs, the village of Staffordville, the hamlet of Orcuttville, the village and historic district of Stafford Hollow, the village of Hydeville and West Stafford. All of these communities are located on tributaries of the Willimantic River.
Stafford’s main industry is manufacturing and local companies produce woolen products, printed circuits, filters, metal bushings and bearings, precision medical devices, fly rod components, and nameplates and labels. Other important industries are nursery and horticultural products, health care services, seasonal camping, motor sports, and recreation. TTM Industries’ three locations (Industrial Park Road, Upper Road, and Old Monson Road), 3M Inc. (located on River Road) and Willington Name Plate (located on Middle River Drive) all utilize various hazardous materials which are reported to the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC). TTM's facility on Upper Road is located within 500 yards of the Staffordville School and plans exist to address this specific hazard both at the facility, the school, and the Staffordville Fire Department.
There are approximately 5,000 housing units in Stafford. Most are single family homes and typically of wood frame construction. There are also three campgrounds that attract a seasonal population of approximately 2,000. Sun Valley on Old Springfield Road has a seasonal population of approximately 900; Mineral Springs on Leonard Road houses approximately 100 and Roaring Brook on South Road serves approximately 1000.
Johnson Memorial Hospital, located on Route 190 in Stafford, is a modern hospital built in 1975 and services the medical needs of populations in northern Hartford, Tolland and Windham counties. Adjoining the hospital is a professional building which houses the practices of area doctors. Evergreen Health Care Center is a long-term care facility that is also located at this site. Evergreen and JMH serve several area towns. Both the long-term care facility and the hospital have disaster plans in place that have been shared with the local Emergency Management Director and the Fire Department.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 385
Challenges
The primary natural hazard for Stafford is flooding that might be caused by overflow from the numerous rivers and streams that flow through the town or from possible failure of one or more of the fifty-seven (57) dams located within the town boundaries or from those located in upstream communities. Historically most of flood damage in Stafford has been caused by the Middle River, Furnace Brook and their tributaries. Industrial and textile plants, stores, public buildings, businesses and private property located in the flood plains had been flooded 18 times between 1900 and 1980. Six of the floods caused damage of more than half a million dollars each. The most severe of the floods occurred in 1936, 1938, and 1955. The 1955 flood resulting from 12 inches of rainfall deposited by Hurricane Diane into the watershed caused an estimated 1.3 million dollars in damage. This was the last major flooding event to occur in Stafford. Heavy rainfall in October of 2005 caused numerous localized flooding of small streams and rivers and washed away several roads causing moderate to severe damage. In addition, severe damage occurred at the Stafford Water Pollution Control Facility due to flooding of the Willimantic River.
The most severe historical damage cause by dam failure occurred in the spring of 1877 when a dam that had been constructed the previous fall and winter on the Stafford Reservoir gave way. The torrent of water washed down the beds of Furnace Brook obliterating nine other dams on its five mile trip to Stafford Springs. This dam break cost the community approximately $400,000 in damage, the loss of two lives and long term economic hardship for businesses in its path. Today there are fifty-seven (57) dams in the Town of Stafford. The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (DEEP) has classified eight of these as High Hazard (category C). Five of the High Hazard dams are owned and maintained by the State of Connecticut. The remaining three: the Staffordville Reservoir Dam, the Warren Pond Dam and the Riverside Pond Dam, are privately owned. There are six dams designated as having a Significant Hazard risk (category B). Of these six, the State of Connecticut owns and maintains the Bradway Reservoir Dam #4. All other category B dams are privately owned. There are eleven privately owned and one municipally owned category BB (Moderate Hazard) dams. All seventeen (17) category A and AA dams are privately owned and fourteen (14) dams have no hazard or owner designation.
A FEMA Flood Insurance Study was conducted in 1981 for the Town of Stafford and the town has incorporated Floodplain Regulations into its Zoning Regulations. Past encroachment within the floodway and/or the floodway fringe has occurred in the following areas: Rt. 32 south of the town as well as numerous smaller town roads. These encroachments reduce the flood-carrying capacity of waterways, increase the flood height of streams, and increases flood hazards in areas beyond the encroachment itself. The National Flood Insurance Program has paid four property damage claims in Stafford Springs totaling $22,257.15 and 28 claims in Stafford totaling $381,154.22 to-date. However, there have been no Repetitive Loss Property claims in Stafford or Stafford Springs to-date. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, Stafford has not permitted any new construction in the 100 Year flood plain. In 2010, the Town revised its Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations to be in accordance with the State model regulations.
A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Stafford might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $50 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 386
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 240
People Needing Shelter 298
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 27
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities Police station will sustain loss of use
Total Estimated Economic Losses $50,620,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $16,320,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $34,100,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $200,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Stafford might face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $55 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 19
People Needing Shelter 3
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 419
Buildings Completely Damaged 17
Total Estimated Economic Losses $55,122,000
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities Hospital has probability of greater than 50% of
sustaining at least moderate damage
Total Residential Building Losses $42,118,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $8,101,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $4,903,000
Total Debris Generated 153,186 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 190
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $1.3 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Others (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non- Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance
Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT 2011 now
DR-4023-CT Irene August 2011
DR-4046-CT Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Stafford $58,390.40 $24,715.39 $115,652.35 $198,758.14
Stafford Other $18,923.27 $4,713.82
$23,637.09
Stafford Total $77,313.67 $29,429.21 $115,652.35 $222,395.23
Stafford is heavily wooded. Power outages and road blockages following storms are a concern as are blockages along fire roads which could hamper wildfire fighting efforts.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 387
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
Because this plan is Stafford’s first Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan, all mitigation actions are considered new initiatives although some may be current practices. GOAL: REDUCE PROPERTY DAMAGE DUE TO UNSAFE CONDITIONS RESULTING FROM WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Improve snow removal equipment and techniques.
Strategic Actions: 1.4 Pursue increased funding for equipment and labor.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: Spring/Summer 2014
1.5 Continue to pursue opportunities for service and equipment sharing with neighboring communities through CRCOG’s service sharing initiative and otherwise. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Low Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014- 2019
1.6 Improve Public Works personnel contracts to ensure adequate staffing for storm situations.
Lead: Administration Priority: Low Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: Summer 2015
Objective 2: Remove and prevent impediments to snow removal operations.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Educate private snow-removal contractors and residents on not obstructing roads and the right-
of-way. Lead: Police and Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual outreach is anticipated.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 388
2.2 Enforce existing ordinance prohibiting roadway obstructions. Lead: Police Priority: Medium Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Efforts are
undertaken on an as needed basis in response to storm events. Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 3: Educate public on hazardous conditions during storm events - promote safe driving techniques.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Continue to issue press releases and advisories.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police Priority: High Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Efforts are
undertaken on an as needed basis anticipation of storm events Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014 – 2019.
GOAL: IMPLEMENT GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS TO REDUCE EXPOSURE TO PROPERTY DAMAGE AND LOSS OF LIFE AS A RESULT OF FLOODING Objective 1: Restrict development of buffer areas in flood prone zones and promote best development practices for minimizing environmental impacts.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue to work to maintain zoning, subdivision and wetlands regulations current with best
practices. Lead: Building/Zoning/Land Use Priority: High Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Efforts are
undertaken as development proposals are reviewed and inspections are conducted.
Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Complete and implement stormwater management plan.
Lead: Engineering, Building/Zoning/Land Use Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund, State grants Timeframe: Expected completion date-Spring/Summer2014
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 389
Objective 2: Maintain waterways, drainage and other structures in critical flood areas.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Address priority bridge, culvert and other drainage projects identified in Capital Improvement
Plan. Lead: Public Works, Engineering, Administration Priority: High Status: New Initiative. To be initiated in the fall of 2013 and undertaken in 2014-2019 Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund, bonding, State and FEMA grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Work with DEEP to continue to monitor critical dams. Lead: Engineering, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. To be initiated in the fall of 2013 and undertaken in 2014- 2019 Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.3 Develop action plan, time table and budget to repair dams
Lead: Engineering, Emergency Management Priority: High Status: New Initiative. To be initiated in the fall of 2013 and undertaken in 2014-2019 Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund, bonding, DEEP Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Ensure traffic safety during flood events.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Improve communications with neighboring communities on road closures and detour routing.
Lead: Police, Fire Priority: High Status: New Initiative. To be initiated in the fall of 2013 and undertaken in 2014-2019 Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Educate police personnel on detour routing protocols to ensure alternative routes can
accommodate trucks. Lead: Police Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. To be initiated in the fall of 2013 and undertaken in 2014-2019 Potential Funding Sources: Town General fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 390
GOAL: REDUCE PERSONAL PROPERTY DAMAGE AND POWER FAILURES CAUSED BY HIGH WINDS Objective 1: Aggressively work with utility companies to identify high risk areas and promote tree trimming.
Objective 2: Relocate high density utility facilities underground.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Create a long range plan for undergrounding existing facilities.
Lead: Building/Zoning/Land Use, Emergency Management Priority: Low Status: New Initiative Potential Funding Sources: Federal, state, local, bonding, and private sources (utilities,
developers, property owners). Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Pursue opportunities to relocate wires where they are vulnerable: areas of repetitive power
failure. Lead: Emergency Management, Building/Zoning/Land Use Priority: Medium Status: This is a current practice, but a new initiative for this plan. Potential Funding Sources: Federal, state, local, bonding, and private sources (utilities,
developers, property owners). Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 391
Map 54: Stafford Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 392
Map 55: Stafford Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 393
S u f f i e l d
Suffield is a rural community located along the Massachusetts border. It encompasses about 42.2
square miles and has a population of about 15,735. Suffield’s terrain rises from an elevation of 22 feet above sea level at the Connecticut River to its highest point of 691 feet above sea level on West Suffield Mountain. Suffield’s land area contributes to three watersheds: the Farmington River Watershed to the west, the Stony Brook Watershed centrally and the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed to the east. The Connecticut River runs the length of the eastern boundary of Town. Other major watercourses include Clay, Deep, Fourmile, Mountain Brook, Muddy, Philo, Rawlins and Stony Brooks. State routes 75, 168, 187 and 190 provide major transportation routes through town. Agriculture, manufacture of ice cream, industrial gases, small tools, and warehousing are the principal industries. Part of Bradley International Airport and the North Central Connecticut Correctional facility are also located in Suffield.
Challenges
Suffield has approximately 5,469 housing units of which 27 units are located in flood hazard zones.
There are also another 31 structures located in flood hazard zones. There are a few areas throughout the town prone to street flooding during heavy storm events. Ensuring proper maintenance of drainage structures is a challenge due to decreased staffing and budget levels. Maintaining accessibility throughout Town during storms can be a challenge given the streams, steep slopes, and narrow roads in some areas. Also, certain areas in the more rural West Suffield are more vulnerable to power outages because of the large number of trees near the roads. Suffield has worked to reduce its vulnerability to natural hazards. There has not been any construction or demolition since 2008 in floodplain or other vulnerable areas of Suffield. In 2008, the Town added Section V.K. Flood Damage Prevention to the Zoning Regulations.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid five property damage claims in Suffield totaling
$5,733 to-date. Suffield has no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Although flooding is not as large a concern in Suffield as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Suffield might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $24 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 258
People Needing Shelter 291
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 12
Total Estimated Economic Losses $24,030,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $14,600,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $9,400,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $40,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Suffield might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 394
town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $56 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 6
People Needing Shelter 0
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 465
Buildings Completely Damaged 32
Total Estimated Economic Losses $56,400,000
Total Residential Building Losses $44,700,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $5,800,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $5,900,000
Total Debris Generated 49,404 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 206
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of nearly $1.5 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Suffield $48,872.01 $26,647.77 $1,411,547.33 $1,487,067.11
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
In the 2008 Plan, Suffield identified the following three goals and associated objectives; however, no strategic actions were identified. For the 2014-2019 update, Suffield has articulated a number of strategic actions to pursue to meet its goals and objectives. GOAL: PROTECT LIFE AND PROPERTY AND MINIMIZE ECONOMIC LOSSES FROM WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Improve the ability of public works and residents to prepare and respond to severe weather. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Conduct periodic educational outreach to residents on storm readiness and property maintenance issues.
Lead: Emergency Management Director Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 395
Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget, FEMA Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual outreach
Objective 2: Reduce the amount of debris and loss of power from severe winter storms through preventative tree maintenance.
The town has had several thousand cubic yards of tree material removed along the roads in the past two years.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Secure contractual tree removal services and equipment prior to storm response and
cleanup. Lead: Public Works, Tree Warden Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual
GOAL: PROTECT LIFE AND PROPERTY AND MINIMIZE ROAD BLOCKAGES FROM FLOODING Objective 1: Reduce the likelihood of flooding by improving existing natural and artificial drainage systems. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Amend zoning regulations to require low impact development techniques in new
development. Lead: Planning and Zoning Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: Expected to be completed by end of 2014
1.2 Preemptively clean debris out of select drainage structures before and during heavy storm events. Lead: Highway Foreman Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action. (Practice will be initiated in 2014 and carried out
throughout the 2014-2019 plan period.) Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 396
Objective 2: Reduce flood threats to existing properties. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Encourage property owners to refrain from dumping debris into stream channels and drainage
culverts. Lead: Planning and Zoning, Conservation Commission Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual outreach
2.2 Conduct a study to identify the worst areas of surface flooding and develop methods to alleviate the problem areas. Lead: Town Engineer Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Capital Improvement Funds Timeframe: 2015-2016
Objective 3: Improve maintenance of waterways and structures. Strategic Action: 3.1 Develop inspection program for culverts and other stormwater management structures.
Lead: Public Works Director, Highway Foreman Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: Expect to complete first round of inspections in 2014
GOAL: PROTECT LIFE AND PROPERTY AND MINIMIZE ELECTRICAL DISRUPTIONS FROM TORNADO/HIGH WINDS Objective 1: Reduce the amount of debris and loss of power from severe storms through preventative tree maintenance.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 397
Strategic Action: 1.1 Secure contractual tree removal services and equipment prior to storm response and
cleanup. Lead: Public Works, Tree Warden Priority: Medium Status: This is a new strategic action Potential Funding Sources: Annual operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 398
Map 56: Suffield Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 399
Map 57: Suffield Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 400
T o l l a n d
Tolland is a rural community located in the eastern portion the Capitol Region. The town has a land
area of 39.7 square miles and an estimated population of 15,100. Tolland’s elevation ranges from about 500 to over 1,000 feet above sea level. Its land area contributes primarily to the Willimantic River Watershed to the east, but also to the Hockanum River Watershed to the west. The Willimantic River forms the eastern boundary of Tolland, and numerous smaller watercourses flow through town, including Browns, Chapin Meadow, Charter, Clark, Clough, Green, Grover, Labonte, Polk, Spice, Sucker, and West Brooks, as well as the Skungamaug River. Interstate 84 travels east-west through Tolland. Other main state highways include routes 30, 74 and 195. Principal industry in Tolland includes manufacturing and professional services.
Challenges
There are several areas of concern in Tolland relating to natural hazards. First, problem flooding
areas include several lower areas of Tolland. Over the road flooding occurs on the East end of Torry Road, Weigold Road, Gehring Road, the west end of Old Post Road, the north end of South River Road, the west end of Slater Road, and some sections of Tolland’s Industrial park. Also, Del-Aire Campground is a private campground on the north end of Shenipsit Lake Road that is also a concern for flooding. Tolland has several areas of unimproved roads with varying elevations that often become washed out and need repairs during large storm surges. The Willimantic River has been known to flood over its banks during storm surges. The flooding that occurred in 2005 nearly washed out the Route 74 bridge at South River Road. State DOT and DEEP have been working on a plan to replace that bridge. Also, Gages Brook and portions of the Industrial Park are in the 100 year flood zone raising water quality concerns.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 10 property damage claims in Tolland totaling
$9,289.54 to-date; none have been Repetitive Loss Property claims. A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $ 13 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 135
People Needing Shelter 160
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 11
Total Estimated Economic Losses $13,400,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $8,930,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $4,350,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $120,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Tolland might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $55 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 401
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced none
People Needing Shelter none
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 402
Buildings Completely Damaged 20
Total Estimated Economic Losses $55,600,000
Total Residential Building Losses $45,440,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $5,240,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $4,910,000
Total Debris Generated 69,111 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 170
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $1 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Town & Other (Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather Oct
2011 Alfred)
Town of Tolland $93,126.72 $138,848.56 $811,818.36 $1,043,793.64
Tolland Other $29,789.98 $29,789.98
Tolland Total $93,126.72 $138,848.56 $841,608.34 $1,073,583.62
Tolland has a large amount of open space and brush fires are a concern. Other areas of concern are
the elderly population in Town. There is one nursing home, two multi-family elderly housing complexes in Town, and one aged restricted development. Old Post Village and Winding River are the two elderly units; Old Post Village does not have generator power, while Winding River does have generator power. There are also three group homes located in Tolland. During any type of natural hazard, the Town may use three shelters for residents: the Tolland Senior Center for the elderly and the Tolland High School and Birch Grove for the general population. Tolland’s Emergency Operations Center is located at the Tolland Fire Training Center. To reduce its vulnerability to natural hazards, the Town has not permitted any new construction in hazard prone areas since the adoption of the 2008 Plan.
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: IDENTIFY AREAS AND MEASURES THAT WOULD BENEFIT FROM HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING (WIND) Objective 1: Reduce conflicts between existing and utility wires and trees.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 402
Strategic Action: 1.1 Maintain agreements with private contractors for emergency tree service work.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: A contractor contact list has been established. The list will be maintained and
periodically updated. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates are anticipated.
Update: In the 2008 Plan, the Town proposed to increase funding for preventive tree maintenance as well as maintain agreements with private contractors for emergency tree service work. Over the past several years, the Town increased its capital budget for tree trimming. Current budget is $168,830. An RFP for tree trimming was scheduled for release in July 2013. Objective 2: Provide back-up power for all critical facilities/infrastructure.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Secure funding for generator acquisition.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: In FY2013, the Town installed a generator at the Hicks Municipal Building and
ordered new back-up generators for four other facilities (Stations 440,340, 240 and Fire Training Center). Funding for generators at additional facilities will be investigated. Availability of funding will be reassessed annually.
Potential Funding Source: bonding, grants Timeframe: 2015-2019
Objective 3: Ensure safe and adequate means for traveling throughout town.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Purchase additional signs, barricades and related supplies for road closures and alternate-route
marking. Lead: Fire, Emergency Management, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Will be purchased annually through operating budgets starting in FY2013-14. Potential Funding Source: grants, general funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Continue good communications with public safety officials in adjacent communities.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 403
Priority: Medium Status: The Town has established mutual aid agreements with surrounding
communities and will continue to maintain the good working relationships that have been established.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: IDENTIFY AREAS AND MEASURES THAT WOULD BENEFIT FROM HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING (FLOOD) Objective 1: Improve reliability of access to Fire Station 340.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Analyze and make recommendations to improve Gehring Road crossing of Spice Brook.
Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: In FY 2012, the Town Engineering department provided technical design for the
replacement of the Gehring Road culvert.
1.2 Implement recommendations of above study. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In FY 2012, the Town replaced the Gehring Road culvert and in FY 2013,
maintenance work was performed on detention basin near the Gehring Road Firehouse.
Objective 2: Improve drainage in Industrial Park.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Analyze and make recommendations to improve natural and artificial drainage in Industrial Park
and Gages Brook. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Initiating work with property owners in the Industrial park to improve the
treatment of stormwater runoff was identified as an objective in future budgets.
Potential Funding Source: General funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 404
2.2 Implement recommendations of above study.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for the recommended improvements. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred until completion of study. Potential Funding Source: Grants, General Fund, Capital Budget Timeframe: 2018-2019
Objective 3: Ensure safety of Depot/South River Road Bridge over the Willimantic River.
Strategic Actions:
3.1 Monitor CT DOT studies of Willimantic River.
Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: High Status: State of CT report was completed in June 2013 listing what needs to be done to bridge. Monitoring will continue. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Inspect and evaluate the center pier and make recommendations for its improvement and/or
maintenance. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: High Status: Review will occur in FY2013-14. Potential Funding Source: Grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.3 Implement recommendations of above analysis.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for the recommended improvements. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: To be defined based on study. Potential Funding Source: Grants, General Fund, Capital Budget Timeframe: 2018-2019
Objective 4: Prevent increased flooding as a result of future development.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 405
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Implement Low Impact Development regulations.
Lead: Planning & Zoning Priority: High Status: In 2011, an LID Design Manual was developed and the zoning regulations were
amended to incorporate LID. Implementation will continue primarily through the development review process and enforcement will be undertaken during construction and other inspections.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
4.2 Educate commissioners, developers and the community on Low Impact Development.
Lead: Planning & Zoning Priority: Medium Status: During the process of developing the LID Manual and LID zoning regulation
amendments, several public presentations were made to explain LID concepts and the need for LID to reduce stormwater impacts. As development applications are proposed, staff will continue to educate developers, commissioners and the public on the role of and need for LID. Efforts will continue as a part of the development review process.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
4.3 Continue erosion and sedimentation control enforcement.
Lead: Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Inspections are routinely conducted as developments are constructed. This is
an established practice which will continue throughout the 2014-2019 planning period.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 5: Ensure protection of private property.
Strategic Actions: 5.1 Raise awareness in the community of the National Flood Insurance Program.
Lead: Emergency Management, Planning Priority: Medium
Status: The Town has a link on its website to floodsmart.gov. Outreach efforts will continue.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates and outreach are anticipated.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 406
5.2 Identify private bridges that may need repair, and reach out to owners to determine best means of evaluating and implementing necessary upgrades. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for the project. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: A formal study has not yet been initiated. No significant progress has been
made on this effort due to staff workloads however; this effort remains important to the Town and will be included in this update.
Potential Funding Sources: Town (for outreach to property owners), private resources (for
bridge improvements)
Timeframe: 2014-2019.
Update: In the 2008 Plan, the Town also proposed to investigate participation in the Community Rating System program and to investigate purchase of the campground located on Shenipsit Lake Road. These projects were not proposed to be undertaken in the upcoming plan period. Because of the limited amount of flood losses locally ($9,289 in flood claims have been filed since the program’s inception), pursuit of participation in the CRS was not considered of significant value to the community during the 2014 – 2019 planning period. Purchase of the campground was not considered a viable project for the Town over the upcoming planning period. GOAL: REDUCE IDENTIFY AREAS AND MEASURES THAT WOULD BENEFIT FROM HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING (STORMS) Objective 1: Develop network/measures to evacuate citizens to shelters Strategic Actions: 1.1 Develop and maintain list of special needs populations
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: A list has been developed and includes the Del-Air campground where
evacuations may be necessary at times of flooding. Addition and updates to the list will be maintained by the Fire Department.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: annual updates are anticipated.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 407
1.2 Use town website to communicate emergency planning information to residents. Lead: Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: The Town posts emergency planning information on its website and has added
a link to the Get Ready Capitol Region website to its home page. Periodic updates will continue. Periodic updates are made including press releases related to specific storm events. Postings will continue throughout the 2014- 2019 planning period.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: IDENTIFY AREAS AND MEASURES THAT WOULD BENEFIT FROM HAZARD MITIGATION PLANNING (FOREST FIRES) Objective 1: Reduce potential losses as a result of fires. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Develop a system for servicing/dredging fire ponds and dry hydrants periodically.
Lead: Public Works, Fire Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No significant progress has been made on developing a maintenance
system; however, the Public Works Department periodically services dry hydrants when requested by the Fire Department.
Potential Funding Source: Grants Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 408
Map 58: Tolland Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 409
Map 59: Tolland Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 410
V e r n o n
The Town of Vernon is a great place to live and work with a high quality of life, desirable residential neighborhoods and schools. The town is a fully suburban community on the eastern edge of the Capitol Region and encompasses a land area of 18.4 square miles and has a population of approximately 29,622. Vernon’s elevation ranges from about 150 feet in the west to over 800 feet in the east. Vernon’s land area contributes primarily to the Hockanum River Watershed; however, the southeastern corner of town drains to the Willimantic River Watershed. Major watercourses include the Hockanum and Tankerhoosen Rivers, as well as Clarks and Railroad Brooks. Vernon is bisected by Interstate 84 which travels east-west. Other major thoroughfares that run through Vernon include state routes 30, 31, 74 and 83. There are distinct historic, agricultural, urban, suburban, and rural areas that provide a choice of lifestyles. A variety of cultural, recreational, and commercial activities are available throughout town offering goods and services, employment and amusement. Strong business sectors include retail, professional, medical, and commercial – industrial as well as farming and horticultural enterprises.
Challenges
Localized flooding is one challenge Vernon faces. In 2013, the Town incorporated low impact development (LID) requirements into its Zoning Regulations to aid in reducing its vulnerability to flooding. The Town has not permitted any new development in the flood plain since the adoption of the 2008 Plan. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has paid 25 claims in Vernon totaling $149,474 to-date. Vernon has eleven Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date with payments totaling $92,732. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Vernon might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $50 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 336
People Needing Shelter 805
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 76
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities 0.00
Total Estimated Economic Losses $50,460,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $21,920,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $28,230,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $310,000
Losses from strong hurricanes would also be significant. The model estimates that economic losses
to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a Category 3 hurricane such as the 1938 Hurricane would be nearly $140 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 190
People Needing Shelter 42
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1,182
Buildings Completely Damaged 56
Total Estimated Economic Losses $139,900,000
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 411
Total Residential Building Losses $107,500,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $16,700,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $15,700,000
Total Debris Generated 40,650 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 608
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $4 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant Municipal & Other (Other = Fire Districts,
Schools, Private Non- Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT
2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Town of Vernon $106,773.87 $142,079.05 $3,805,918.87 $4,054,771.79
Vernon Other $5,819.71
$5,819.71
Vernon Total $112,593.58 $142,079.05 $3,805,918.87 $4,060,591.50
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: PRESERVATION OF LIFE AND PROPERTY Objective 1: Improve snow removal equipment at public works.
Strategic Action: 1.1 Incorporate needs in Capital Improvement Plan and pursue opportunities to upgrade
equipment. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: The Town of Vernon has adopted a vehicle and equipment replacement plan
and has begun a multi-year fleet replacement program. This effort will continue throughout the 2014-2019 Plan.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, capital improvement and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual purchase through capital improvements and budget process
as well as application for grant funding as available.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 412
Objective 2: Provide police/fire/EMS with dedicated 4-wheel drive vehicles.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Pursue opportunities to obtain vehicles - through grants, surplus military equipment, etc.
Lead: Police and Fire Priority: Medium Status: Completed. The following vehicles have been purchased or have been approved
for purchase by department: VPD = 4 SUV’s; VFD = 1 SUV (Fire Marshal), 1 SUV (Command Vehicle), 1 Utility F-150, 2 ATV’s; DPW = 5 F-250’s, 1 Ford Escape; Public Schools = 1 F-250, 1 Ford Escape, 2 Kubotas (pre-positioned at schools to support primary and secondary shelter operations).
Objective 3: Provide public works with mobile generator to power shelters.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Work with CREPC to identify grant programs for purchasing portable generators and modifying
buildings for hook-up. Lead: Emergency Management, Police Priority: High Status: The Office of Emergency Management (OEM) purchased the following portable
generators: (2) 7kw, (1) 3kw, (2) 2kw. OEM secured a state homeland security grant to purchase and install a fixed generator at Vernon Center Middle School (primary shelter). Vernon Public Schools purchased and installed a fixed generator at Rockville High School (secondary shelter). This effort will continue for the 2014-2019 plan with a focus on securing grant funding for a fixed generator for the Town of Vernon’s Town Hall and Annex buildings (secondary EOC and town-wide IT network) and a fixed generator for Fire Station #5. Applications for grant funding will be made as opportunities become available through state and federal programs
Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014 – 2019
Objective 4: Ensure emergency preparedness of residents and businesses. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Conduct periodic educational outreach to residents on storm readiness and property
maintenance issues. Lead: Public Works, Emergency Management, Police
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 413
Priority: High Status: This is an established practice utilizing Everbridge (R-911), town website, and
mass media to educate residents. Host public forums (i.e. CRCOG). DPW provides specific information to residents on property maintenance and keeping road gutters clear. This effort will continue for the 2014-2019 Plan.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014 – 2019: annual outreach
4.2 Conduct periodic outreach to private medical-care facilities and apartment complexes to
encourage installation of generators. Lead: Emergency Management, Building Priority: Medium Status: This is an established practice. Vernon Housing Authority included in Town of
Vernon emergency operations at EOC. Worked with local medical facilities to review and exercise plans as well as to authorize priority electrical utility restoration with CL&P. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget.
Timeframe: 2014 – 2019: annual outreach
4.3 Complete the requirements to join FEMA's Community Rating System to reduce flood insurance premiums for residents. Lead: Planning, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. The Town of Vernon will join the rating system and a community
information program will be established as part of the 2014-2019 Plan. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2015-2016.
GOAL: IMPLEMENT PREVENTATIVE PROGRAMS TO MITIGATE STORM DAMAGE Objective 1: Purchase and implement GIS mapping program.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Continue planning to implement GIS for use by all town departments, including emergency
services. Lead: Planning, Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Established a GIS program that was utilized to support EOC operations
during storms, specifically with coordinating school roof snow removal and road clearing operations.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 414
Objective 2: Maintain adequate manpower and equipment for preventative tree program and assessment.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Investigate CRCOG service sharing initiative for opportunities to share equipment used in tree
maintenance. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: The Town of Vernon purchased a 60 foot bucket truck, (12) new chain saws,
and has added grapple apparatus to a loader, Bobcat and steer loader. Additional requested equipment includes a high capacity chipper, grapple truck and chip dump truck.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, capital improvement and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014-2019.
Objective 3: Make improvements to town Emergency Operations Center and communications facility.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Acquire telephones, computer server and back-up, mobile hand-held radios and enable wireless
connections. Lead: Police, Fire, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Efforts are underway. The Town of Vernon has implemented several
improvements to its Emergency Operations Center (EOC), specifically in the areas of information technology and communications. In addition, the Town of Vernon has established a specific IT plan for EOC operations and is in the process of establishing a dedicated HAM radio operations room. The Town of Vernon is also exploring the possibilities of a unified/co-located (VFD and VPD) dispatch center during emergencies.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: HAM radio room to be completed by the end of FY2015.
NEW OBJECTIVE: Objective 4: Obtain weather and water level monitoring and alerting systems. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Acquire weather monitoring system that provides real-time data and alerts to inform critical
decision making for emergency preparedness and response operations. Lead: Emergency Management
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 415
Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative for the Plan Update. The Office of Emergency
Management (OEM) is exploring internet based streaming weather monitoring systems.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: To be completed by the end of FY2013/14.
1.2 Acquire water level monitoring system that provides real-time data and alerts to inform critical decision making for emergency preparedness and response operations. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to review available systems and grant funding options. Lead: Emergency Management, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative for the Plan Update. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014–2019
GOAL: IMPROVE DRAINAGE IN FLOOD ZONES Objective 1: Conduct study of existing drainage problem areas for improvements. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Study improvements to Franklin Road to alleviate road flooding issues. (The Town made claims
for FEMA assistance in repair costs following the October 2005 flood). Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work and Request for Proposal (RFP) for the study. Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. Study has yet not been completed. No significant progress
made on this effort however, it remains important to the Town. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2018-2019
1.2 Study improvements to Manchester Flats area - Route 83, Welles and Main Streets. (During the October 2005 flood, a motel on Rt. 83 became inaccessible, isolating guests.) Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work and Request for Proposal (RFP) for the study. Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. Study has yet not been completed. No significant progress
made on this effort however, it remains important to the Town. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2018-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 416
1.3 Study improvements along Frederick Road. (Residents in area currently carry flood insurance and have utilized town sandbags during high water events.) Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work and Request for Proposal (RFP) for the study. Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. Study has yet not been completed. No significant progress
made on this effort however, it remains important to the Town. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2018-2019
Objective 2: Upgrade or repair identified problem areas.
Strategic Action: 2.1 Upon completion of above studies, prioritize and implement recommended improvements.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a prioritized list of projects. Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred until completion of studies. Potential Funding Sources: Grants and general operating budget. Timeframe: By fall of 2019
Objective 3: Obtain public notification system.
Strategic Action: 3.1 Improve public notification system.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police Priority: Medium Status: The Town of Vernon subscribes to the state’s Everbridge/
Reverse-911 public notification system. The Town of Vernon has also upgraded its current public warning siren system to include portable/handheld radio activation and voice announcement capabilities. System improvements will continue for the 2014-2019 Plan with a focus on expanding the public warning siren system to the northeast and southeast corners of the town.
Potential Funding Sources: Grants, capital improvements, and general operating budget. Timeframe: 2014 – 2019.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 417
Map 60: Vernon Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 418
Map 61: Vernon Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 419
West Hartford
West Hartford is a fully suburbanized community located in Hartford County that encompasses a land area of 22 square miles. It is a largely residential community with a population of approximately 63,300. The major transportation routes that travel through West Hartford include Interstate 84, State Routes 4, 44, 71, 173, 185, 189 and 218. The Town hosts the University of Hartford, University of St. Joseph, American School for the Deaf, and the Hartford Branch of the University of Connecticut. About 21% of the Town’s non-agricultural employment is in manufacturing. The Town has several large established commercial districts.
West Hartford is within the Park River Watershed, and contains several reservoirs that supply the
Metropolitan District Commission’s system. Major watercourses in town include Meadow, Piper, Rockledge, Trout, and Tumbledown Brooks, and the North Branch of the Park River.
Existing Strategies
The Town has experienced significant flooding events in the past and has worked to mitigate the problem over the course of many years. The Town of West Hartford undertook significant structural mitigation projects in the early 1980s, including rechanneling the Trout Brook to remove 238 houses from the floodplain.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 318 property damage claims in West Hartford
totaling $1,171,709.48 to-date. The NFIP has paid out has 91 Repetitive Loss Property claims on 34 properties in West Hartford to-date. These claims have totaled over $712,392. In 2001, the Town adopted a Repetitive Flood Loss Plan, and has consistently worked to implement the action plan contained within. The Town periodically ensures that repetitive flood loss property owners have adequate information for retro-fitting flood-prone structures. The Town also holds regular meetings with residents to provide technical advice on flood protection and flood preparedness. In 2008, in order to remain eligible for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program, the Town revised its floodplain ordinance using adopting language that meets or exceeds federal or state requirements. The revised ordinance improves the Town’s ability to restrict new development in flood prone areas.
Since 2008, the Town’s Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission has approved ten (10)
separate regulated activities in areas either identified as floodplain or wetlands. Most of these approvals were for work in regulated inland wetlands areas outside of the floodplain. The Commission approved construction of a multi-family residential building and several commercial and accessory structures outside the floodplain in inland wetland regulated areas, as well as several minor structural renovations and site improvements in regulated areas in accordance with the flood hazard reduction and resource compensation standards outlined in the Zoning Ordinance and Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Regulations. No new structures were approved in the special flood hazard area. Portions of a parking lot and access drives were approved in a 500 year floodplain. These permitted activities did not result in increased vulnerabilities to flooding and in some cases reduced the community’s flood risk. For example, permitted activities included structural stormwater drainage improvements, stream bank stabilization and removal of sediment and debris in floodplain and wetlands that help mitigate flood risks.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 420
Some of the remaining flooding issues in West Hartford result from sanitary sewer service back-ups. The Metropolitan District Commission owns and operates the sewer system in West Hartford. The Clean Water Project should alleviate overflow problems in this area.
Challenges
Despite these efforts, flooding continues to be a major concern for the Town. A significant flood event could result in substantial damage in the community. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of West Hartford might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $131 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 893
People Needing Shelter 2,004
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 140
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities One school could sustain moderate
damage
Total Estimated Economic Losses $130,710,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $49,140,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $80,830,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $740,000
In addition to flooding, hurricanes and severe winter storms can also create significant impacts to
the Town and its residents and businesses. CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of West Hartford might face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $355 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 178
People Needing Shelter 36
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 2,358
Buildings Completely Damaged 138
Total Estimated Economic Losses $355,325,000
Total Residential Building Losses $265,371,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $53,553,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $36,402,000
Total Debris Generated 56,362 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 1271
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and local private nonprofit agencies of nearly $11 million. These expenses include
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 421
debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town & Other (Other = Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred)
Total Damages Eligible for Public
Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
Town of West Hartford $224,752.76 $111,036.05 $10,423,313.83 $10,759,102.64
West Hartford Other $11,074.33 $1,630.43 $86,759.95 $99,464.71
West Hartford Total $235,827.09 $112,666.48 $10,510,073.78 $10,858,567.35
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
In the 2008 Plan, West Hartford identified a single goal, objective and strategy with a focus on
reducing flood losses: GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY FROM NATURAL HAZARDS Objective 1: Reduce risk to flood-prone structures.
Strategic Action: 1.1 Continue to implement Repetitive Flood Loss Plan.
Lead: Various Priority: High Status: The Town has consistently worked to implement the Repetitive Flood Loss
Plan’s action plan. The Town periodically ensures that repetitive flood loss property owners have adequate information for retro-fitting flood-prone structures and holds regular meetings with residents to provide technical advice on flood protection and flood preparedness. In addition, the Town has identified a storm water management program in its Capital Improvements Program. The storm water management program includes repair and replacement of storm sewers as part of street reconstruction or resurfacing projects. Storm sewers are also replaced or improved as a result of flooding complaints or roadway failures.
Funding Source: Bonds are issued to fund the storm water management program Timeframe: 2014-2019: Recurring: annual evaluations of projects will be undertaken during
budget process.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 422
In reassessing and evaluating the 2008 Plan, West Hartford modified its goal statement and
identified three additional objectives and twelve mitigation projects for the upcoming five years:
GOAL: MINIMIZE LOSS TO CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF NATURAL DISASTERS.
Objective 2: Improve the ability of town to provide emergency sheltering for at least 6,000 residents. Strategic Actions: 2.1 Install generators at all primary and tertiary shelters and designated alternate care sites.
Lead: Facilities Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: grants, bonding Timeframe: 2014-2016
2.2 Increase sheltering supplies (cots, water, food, etc.).
Lead: Emergency Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative to be undertaken in partnership with the American Red
Cross Potential Funding Sources: operating budget, grants Timeframe: 2014-2015
2.3 Ensure and supply transportation access to emergency shelters.
Lead: Emergency Management, Board of Education Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget, grants Timeframe: 2014-2017
2.4 Ensure ability of the town to safely shelter in place, and when necessary, evacuate residents and
visitors. Lead: Emergency Management, Fire, Police, Community Services Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget, grants Timeframe: 2014-2017
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 423
2.5 Establish pet sheltering alternatives.
Lead: Emergency Management, Animal Control, Public Health, Facilities Management Priority: Low Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget, grants Timeframe: 2014-2017
Objective 3: To reinforce, renovate and upgrade existing critical town facilities and support facilities. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Implement needed improvements to the Emergency Operations Center to withstand high wind
and other natural and manmade disasters. Lead: Emergency Management, Facilities Management Priority: High Status: This is a new initiative, however work has been initiated. An architect is
on retainer and has begun design. Potential Funding Sources: operating budget, bonding Timeframe: 2014-2016
3.2 Upgrade and enhance operational equipment in Emergency Operations Center including radio
communications, satellite communications and visual display media. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2018
3.3 Identify and establish a secondary Emergency Operations Center.
Lead: Emergency Management, Facilities Management Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: grants Timeframe: To be completed by 2016
3.4 Work with local fuel stations to ensure adequate emergency generating equipment for
emergency response vehicles. Lead: Emergency Management, Community Services
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 424
Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: 2013-2016
Objective 4: Increase training for hazard response to town employees, volunteers and emergency services personnel. Strategic Actions: 4.1 Provide Incident Command training to all personnel for position and function.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: Training to be undertaken annually 2014-2019
4.2 Provide shelter management training to all personnel for position and function.
Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: Training to be undertaken annually 2014-2018
4.3 Provide specific incident action plan development training to positions and functions of EOC
representatives. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative Potential Funding Sources: operating budget Timeframe: Training to be undertaken annually 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 425
Map 62: West Hartford Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 426
Map 63: West Hartford Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 427
Wethersfield
Wethersfield is located in the south-central portion of the Capitol Region. It encompasses a land area of 12.4 square miles and has a 2010 population of approximately 26,668. Wethersfield’s land area contributes primarily to the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed, although the northeast corner drains to the Park River Watershed. The Connecticut River flows along the eastern boundary. Other watercourses include Beaver, Folly, Two Stone, Collier and Goff Brooks. Wethersfield has several major transportation routes that run through town and intersect within its borders. These include Interstate 91 and State routes 3, 5/15, 99, 175, 287, and 314. Principal industries include professional offices, restaurants, retail, Kell-Strom, printing, several medical offices, and numerous state offices including Connecticut Departments of Corrections, Judicial, Labor Department and Motor Vehicles.
Challenges
Flooding is a major concern in Wethersfield. Thirty percent of the land area of the Town lies within
the 100-year floodplain. Much of this area is within the Connecticut River’s flood plain and is zoned for agricultural use. The Agricultural (AG) Zone limits permitted uses to those normally associated with farming, open space and municipal recreation. A limited number of other uses are allowed by special permit only in this zone. Other floodplain areas in the Town are generally associated with watercourses such as Folly, Beaver, Cemetery and Goff Brooks. The Town has initiated and completed a number of drainage improvements to address localized flooding and continues to address problem areas primarily through the capital improvements program which is reconsidered annually in the budget process. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, the Town has not permitted any new homes within the 100 year floodplain. Applications for construction of minor improvements such as decks or lot grading have been permitted contingent on no loss of flood storage.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid 66 property damage claims in Wethersfield totaling
$340,703 to-date. Also, nine Repetitive Loss Property claims on four properties in Wethersfield have been paid to-date totaling $27,375. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Wethersfield might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be nearly $21 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 238
People Needing Shelter 518
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 7
Expected Damage to Essential Facilities 0.00
Total Estimated Economic Losses $20,960,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $7,280,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $13,560,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $120,000
The impacts of hurricanes, tropical storms, and winter storms are also a concern for the Town.
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 428
Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and local and private nonprofit agencies of $1,638,804. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Municipality and Other (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, Private Non-Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for Public Assistance Due to
2011 Disasters DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Wethersfield $114,269.56 $152,522.68 $1,243,730.14 $1,510,522.38
Wethersfield Other $4,222.19 $2,120.45 $121,939.41 $128,282.05
Wethersfield Total $118,491.75 $154,643.13 $1,365,669.55 $1,638,804.43
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Wethersfield might
face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be nearly $154 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 74
People Needing Shelter 16
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 1,280
Buildings Completely Damaged 95
Total Estimated Economic Losses $154,000,000
Total Residential Building Losses $121,653,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $15,500,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $16,680,000
Total Debris Generated 30,500 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 582
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
The Town of Wethersfield reviewed the Goals, Objectives and Strategies proposed in the 2008 Plan and determined that all previous goals, objectives and mitigation projects should remain. In addition, the Town proposed to initiate several additional strategic actions for the upcoming five years. GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY DAMAGE AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF WINTER STORMS Objective 1: Improve the ability of public works to prepare and respond to severe weather.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 429
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Replace/enlarge sand/salt storage facility.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Funds for design and site preparation were identified in the 2013-14 CIP Potential Funding Sources: Local CIP funds Timeframe: Completion by 2016
1.2 Expand capacity for public works trucks and equipment storage. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for this project. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred. Not presently funded Potential Funding Sources: Local CIP budget, STEAP grants Timeframe: 2014-2019.
1.3 Consider relocation of public works facility out of flood hazard area. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for this project. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. This project depends on property availability. Current town
owned sites are inappropriate. Potential Funding Sources: Local bond funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
GOAL: MINIMIZE DAMAGE CAUSED BY HIGH WINDS Objective 1: Improve preventive tree maintenance in local right-of-way and on town properties.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Conduct a tree inventory.
This is expected to be a long term multi-year project. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium/Low Status: 50% completed. Remaining work is in remote open space parcels and is lower
priority. Potential Funding Sources: Operating budget using local DPW and GIS staff Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 430
1.2 Formulate maintenance plan based on inventory and integrate it into Public Works operating budget. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Facility database completed, using for roof and fleet maintenance. Maintenance
plan is currently in use and updated annually. Need to develop reports for future forecasting.
Potential Funding Sources: Local CIP and operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Minimize power outages and related impacts.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Determine areas in Town with frequent outages.
Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Town Manager and EMD working with CL&P for enhanced tree trimming.
Underway for past 2 years; 3 more to go. Potential Funding Sources: Private CL&P funds Timeframe: Completion estimated by 2017/18.
2.2 Work with Connecticut Light & Power for aggressive tree pruning program Lead: Engineering, Administration, CL&P Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. Town Manager and EMD working with CL&P for enhanced tree
trimming. Underway for past 2 years; 3 more to go. Potential Funding Sources: Private CL&P funds Timeframe: Completion estimated by 2017/18.
2.3 Work with Connecticut Light & Power to relocate distribution underground in repetitive outage areas, or harden facilities remaining overhead. This is expected to be a long term multi-year project. Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this effort focused on relocating transformers underground. It
is recommended that the scope of this mitigation activity be broadened. Potential Funding Sources: Private CL&P funds, STEAP Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Consider full time emergency power generators at all MDC sewage pump stations.
Lead: Engineering, MDC Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. Several stations underway; remainder have been
outfitted with plugs for portable generators.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 431
Potential Funding Sources: MDC CIP funds Timeframe: Completion estimated by 2017/18.
2.5 Consider full time emergency power generators at fuel tank distribution terminals. This is
expected to be a long term multi-year project. Lead: Engineering, Private vendors Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative Potential Funding Sources: Town (for outreach to businesses), private fuel company resources
(for generator purchase and installation)
Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2.6 Consider full time emergency power generators at all private cell service providers and at all
shelters and back up shelters. Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. Certain vendors (Verizon) have generators at all sites. Others
may be mandated due to new DEMHS regulations. Potential Funding Sources: Cell service providers; Capital Improvements Program (General Fund
or grant funding as available) Timeframe: Completion estimated by 2017/18.
GOAL: REDUCE LOSS OF LIFE, PROPERTY DAMAGE AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES AS A RESULT OF FLOODING Objective 1: Implement remaining recommended measures from 1995 town-wide watershed management study and other priority drainage and infrastructure projects.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Pursue opportunities to implement further dredging and drainage projects through the capital
improvement program and any other available funding sources. Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: A number of flood study, culvert replacements, drainage and dredging projects
and other structural projects have been identified in the Town’s Five –year Capital Improvements Program.
Potential Funding Sources: General Funds, bonding, grant funds as available Timeframe: Fiscal years 2013/2014 – 2017/2018
1.2 Improve natural and artificial drainage areas that affect road flooding.
Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 432
Status: A number of culvert replacements, drainage and dredging projects and other structural projects have been identified in the Town’s Five –year Capital Improvements Program.
Potential Funding Sources: General Funds, bonding, grant funds as available Timeframe: Fiscal years 2013/2014 – 2017/2018
1.3 Investigate making improvements to channel and underground conduit of Folly Brook with Army
Corps of Engineers. Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014- 2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for the project. Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Efforts were initiated; however the project has not been completed. It is
recommended that this project be retained in the Plan Update and a more specific schedule for implementation be established.
Potential Funding Sources: Federal Army Corps of Engineers Timeframe: 2014-2019.
1.4 Develop plan for relocating public works equipment in the event of flooding of Town Garage.
Because this is expected to be a long term, multi-year project, for the 2014-2019 Plan period, the action to be taken is to develop a scope of work for the project. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Efforts were initiated; however the project has not been completed. It is
recommended that this project be retained in the Plan Update and a more specific schedule for implementation be established.
Potential Funding Sources: Local operating budget Timeframe: 2014-2019.
Objective 2: Ensure safety of residents and businesses in all areas of Wethersfield during flood events.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Educate residents on new flood zone maps via website, public access portals.
Lead: Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Efforts were initiated and will be expanded to include outreach through the
Town’s website and other means of digital public access. Potential Funding Sources: Annual Operating Budget- General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.2 Explore participation in FEMA’s Community Rating System program to reduce flood insurance
premiums for residents. Lead: Planning, Engineering, Administration Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 433
Status: Efforts were initiated and consideration of the CRS will continue. It is recommended that this project be retained in the Plan Update. The new Biggert Waters Act will increase focus on town initiated projects to reduce flood insurance premiums.
Potential Funding Sources: Annual Operating Budget- General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2018.
2.3 Ensure that any future development within town Agricultural (AG) zone will not increase the risk of flooding and is built to withstand flooding. Lead: Planning, Engineering, Building Priority: Medium Status: In the 2008 Plan, this strategy proposed to ensure development in the
Interchange Zone/Elm Street area would not increase risk of flooding. This area is now within the Agricultural Zone. Much of the Agricultural Zone is coterminous with the floodplain and subject to the Town’s Floodplain Regulations. Any development activity here requires approval from the Inland Wetlands Agency. Proposed developments are reviewed as they are submitted.
Potential Funding Sources: Annual Operating Budget Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Actively participate in and monitor planning and implementation of MDC’s Clean Water Project.
Lead: Engineering, Administration, MDC Priority: Medium Status: Projects are ongoing over next 5 years. The Clean Water Project is a fifteen-year
effort scheduled to be completed in 2021. Potential Funding Sources: Annual Operating Budget- General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.5 Evaluate impact of flooding on Historic District significant buildings and provide protective
measures. Lead: Engineering, Historic District Commission (HDC), Administration, Planning Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative Potential Funding Sources: Small Cities grants, Historic preservation grants Timeframe: Develop priority list based on GIS over next 2 years (2014-2016)
2.6 Investigate and train with City Hartford on operation of levee flood gates. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: New Initiative. Town to participate in City exercise of the flood gates annually. Potential Funding Sources: Annual Operating Budget- General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annual exercise
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 434
Map 64: Wethersfield Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 435
Map 65: Wethersfield Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 436
Windsor
Windsor is a suburban community just north of Hartford. It has a land area of 31 square miles and an estimated population of about 29,044. Windsor’s elevation ranges from about 32 feet on the eastern side to about 200 feet in the western edge. Its land area drains to two regional basins: the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed and the Farmington River Watershed in the southeast area. The Town also encompasses several sub-regional drainage basins. The Connecticut River flows the length of the eastern town boundary. The Farmington River runs from west to east and joins the Connecticut River in Windsor. Other watercourses that run through town include Deckers, Meadow, Mill, Phelps, and Rainbow Brooks. Interstates 91 and 291 run through and intersect in Windsor. In addition, the highway connector between Interstate 91 and Bradley International Airport (Route 20) runs along the northern boundary of Windsor. An active railroad parallels Route 91, running north-south through Windsor. Other major transportation routes through town include state routes 75, 159, 178, 187, 218 and 305. Power generation, aerospace, insurance, computer aided design and manufacturing software development, medical technology, financial services, manufacturing of computer components, electronics, machine tools, adhesives, measuring devices, automotive parts, air movement equipment, and shade grown tobacco are the principal industries in Windsor.
Windsor is a growing center of employment within the region, and as such, experiences an increase
in daytime population. According to the Connecticut Department of Labor, the average annual employment for 2010 was 23,809 jobs. There is a particular concentration of employment in the Day Hill Road area. This area is also planned to grow as an employment and residential center as the mixed- use Great Pond Village is developed. Great Pond Village proposes to add approximately 4,000 residential units, 85,000 square feet of retail space, and 820,000 square feet of commercial office and hospitality space. This additional population and areas with concentrated employment must be factored into disaster planning.
Challenges
Challenges the community faces regarding responding to natural disasters include areas within town
that may become inaccessible due to flooding, the need for emergency generators at locations that provide life safety services to parts of the community, and the difficulty of retrieving real time data regarding the status of upstream dams to anticipate flooding impacts.
The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) has paid out 25 claims in Windsor totaling $90,399.44
to-date. Repetitive losses are also a challenge for the town. Two properties adjacent to Meadow Brook in the southern end of town have been identified as repetitive loss structures. The NFIP has paid out $31,638.42 in claims on these properties. Improvements were made in both 2007 and 2011 to address this area. In 2007, the town replaced the culvert beneath the roadway, which improved the hydraulic capacity of the brook in the area. Additionally, in 2011, slope stabilization work on the upstream banks of the channel was completed to reduce the potential for erosion that could impact the hydraulic capacity of the channel, and help maintain long term functionality of the improvements completed in 2007. Since the adoption of the 2008 Plan, there have been no changes in land use or housing development in the special flood hazard area or that would affect the Town’s vulnerability to natural hazards.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 437
A significant flood event could result in much damage. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the community might face from flooding. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $132 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from 100- Year Flood
Households Displaced 614
People Needing Shelter 1,575
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 292
Total Estimated Economic Losses $132,710,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $89,300,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $43,170,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $240,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Windsor might face
from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $135 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 40
People Needing Shelter 7
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 978
Buildings Completely Damaged 59
Total Estimated Economic Losses $135,530,000
Total Residential Building Losses $97,120,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building Losses $23,750,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $14,660,000
Total Debris Generated 44,721 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 492
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and
Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality and other local agencies of over $1.2 million. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program Applicant:
Municipality and Other Agencies (i.e., Fire Districts, Schools, and Private Non- Profit Agencies)
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible for
Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 (Alfred)
Town of Windsor $113,320.96 $38,998.75 $1,070,737.94 $1,223,057.65
Windsor Other $12,961.60 $14,219.63 $27,181.23
Windsor Total $126,282.56 $38,998.75 $1,084,957.57 $1,250,238.88
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 438
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE IMPACT OF FLOODING ON PROPERTY, TRANSPORTATION AND TOWN INFRASTRUCTURE Objective 1: Review and analyze (Mill, Meadow and Deckers Brooks) watersheds.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Map flooding extents from 1984, 2003 and 2005 incidents.
Lead: Planning Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No Activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.2 Prioritize watersheds based on historic negative impact. Lead: Planning, Public Works, Engineering Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No Activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.3 Implement identified improvements.
Lead: Engineering, Public Works, Planning Priority: Medium Status: Ongoing Update: Improvements to Meadow Brook were completed in 2007 and 2011. An
engineering evaluation of Decker’s Brook was completed in 2010. The report included both recommended maintenance and structural improvements. These activities are scheduled to begin in 2013. Watershed analyses of the Mill Brook and Meadow Brook have also been identified as projects in the town’s 6-year Capital Improvement Program.
Potential Funding Source: municipal bonds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Ensure emergency service accessibility through transportation infrastructure improvements.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Develop and implement maintenance plan for River Street retaining wall.
Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 439
Status: Upcoming Update: The reconstruction of River Street has been scheduled for design in the town’s
currently adopted Capital Improvement Program for FY2018. The structural integrity of the retaining wall will be evaluated at that time to develop a maintenance program.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund and municipal bonds Timeframe: 2018-2019
2.2 Identify, prioritize and implement local road improvements. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No Activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund, State and Federal aid, municipal bonds Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2.3 Pursue improvements of state roads with the CT Department of Transportation.
Lead: Administration, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No Activity Potential Funding Source: State and Federal funding Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Reduce flooding impacts through infrastructure enhancements.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Increase stormwater retention capacity.
Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Improvements to the town’s drainage system are made on a yearly basis.
Detention basins are cleaned to remove deposited silt and restore capacity. New development and redevelopment is required to review stormwater management and design facilities such that there is no increase in runoff as a result of the development. Potential municipal projects are evaluated annually during the budget review process; private development is evaluated during the development review process.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.2 Develop and implement maintenance plan for stormwater facilities. Lead: Engineering, Public Works Priority: Medium Status: An inventory of town-owned facilities has been completed and is updated on
annual basis. Maintenance on town-owned facilities is regularly scheduled with additional maintenance performed on an as-needed basis. Additionally, in
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 440
2009, the town adopted an ordinance that requires private developments to record an “Inspection & Maintenance Agreement” on land records, which outlines regular maintenance of the on-site stormwater facilities to ensure long term functionality and reduce risks of downstream flooding. Potential municipal projects are evaluated annually; private development is subject to schedules required as a result of the development approval process.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.3 Support Metropolitan District Commission efforts to prevent flood water infiltration of
sewer system. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Underway: The Town will continue to work with the MDC on addressing
infiltration issues throughout the town. Potential Funding Source: MDC, State and Federal aid Timeframe: 2014-2019
3.4 Conduct public information campaign on property maintenance with respect to flooding, wind, freezing and other hazards. Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Although no concerted public information campaign was conducted, the
Emergency Management, Public Works and Building & Fire Safety Departments maintain advice for residents on their web pages.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: Annual or more frequent updates are anticipated during 2014-2019
Objective 4: Ensure adequate flood insurance coverage for residents.
Strategic Actions: 4.1 Pursue Community Rating System designation from FEMA.
Lead: Planning, Administration, Emergency Management Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 441
GOAL: REDUCE THE IMPACT OF WINTER STORMS AND HIGH WIND EVENTS ON POWER DISRUPTION, EMERGENCY ACCESS, AND BUSINESS DISRUPTION Objective 1: Ensure adequate and timely removal of snow and ice from transportation network.
Strategic Actions: 1.1 Evaluate alternative technologies for snow and ice removal.
Lead: Public Works Priority: High Status: Ongoing Update: The Public Works department reviews on a yearly basis the methods and
materials used for snow and ice removal. Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019 - annual review
1.2 Review and install roadway management system to determine optimal time for liquid ice control application. Lead: Public Works Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund, State and Federal aid Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Enhance capacity of emergency response.
Strategic Actions: 2.1 Increase sheltering capacity.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Ongoing Update: A team has been created to finalize a document for the use of shelters in
Windsor. As part of this team’s efforts they are in the process of identifying additional facilities for use as both day and overnight sheltering.
Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019.
2.2 Work with local hotels to ensure adequate emergency generating equipment to reduce reliance on municipal emergency shelters. Lead: Emergency Management, Building Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 442
Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.3 Increase training for hazard response, e.g. National Incident Management System (NIMS). Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: General Fund, State and Federal aid Timeframe: 2014-2019
2.4 Consider and develop a secondary Emergency Operations Center. Lead: Emergency Management, Police, Fire Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: General fund, State and Federal aid Timeframe: 2014-2019.
Objective 3: Minimize access disruptions at public safety buildings.
Strategic Actions: 3.1 Bury power lines at public safety buildings.
Lead: Emergency Management, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Deferred: No activity Potential Funding Source: State and Federal aid Timeframe: 2014-2019
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 443
Map 66: Windsor Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 444
Map 67: Windsor Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 445
Windsor Locks
Windsor Locks is a fully suburban community in northern Hartford County. The town encompasses
only nine square miles, but has a population of approximately 12,400. The land area of Windsor Locks ranges from about 75 to 150 feet above sea level and contributes to three watersheds: primarily the main stem of the Connecticut River Watershed, but also the Stony Brook Watershed in the northwest and the Farmington River Watershed in the southwest. The Connecticut River forms the eastern town boundary. Other watercourses include Adds, Dibble Hollow, Kettle and Waterworks Brooks. Principal industries include food servicing and distribution, manufacture of aerospace products, paper products, electronics and machines. Major transportation routes through Windsor Locks include Interstate 91 and state routes 75, 140 and 159. In addition, highway 20, the connector between Interstate 91 and Bradley International Airport forms the southern town boundary. The majority of Bradley International Airport, the second largest commercial airport in New England, is located within Windsor Locks, as well as significant numbers of hotels and related travel services.
Challenges
Windsor Locks is vulnerable to loss of life and property and the economic consequences that result from flooding, high winds, severe winter storms and other natural hazards. Localized flooding and downed trees resulting in impassable roads continue to be a major worry for emergency response staff in terms of their ability to reach people in need.
The National Flood Insurance Program has paid nine property damage claims in Windsor Locks totaling $166,872 to-date. Windsor Locks has no Repetitive Loss Property claims to-date. Several existing commercial and industrial buildings are located in identified hazard areas. The Montgomery Mill (Dexter Mill) and Ahlstrom are properties upon which contaminants have been recorded. These are located on the Connecticut River and so are considered vulnerable. One vacant building on Main Street was recently replaced with a new building after a revision to the flood map was approved and compensatory storage was provided. No other construction has been permitted in flood prone areas since 2008.
The Town has recently commissioned various efforts for the planning and revitalization of Main Street, including; relocating the existing train station from the southern part of town to a downtown location, traffic mitigation, reuse of the Montgomery Mill and other efforts. Opportunities for mitigation will be considered as planning efforts continue. The Town is also working with property owners along the Connecticut River to encourage open space preservation, community gardens and other creative low impact uses on their lands.
Water Pollution Control staff are concerned with access to and shut down of three locations: Dexter Pump Station, South Main Street Pump Station and the Water Pollution Control Facility. An estimate of potential dollar losses to such structures would be $750,000 to $1.5 million for the Dexter Pump Station’s contents and $175,000 to $250,000 for South Main Street Pump Station’s contents.
Although flooding is not as large a concern here as in some other communities, a significant flood event could result in much damage particularly to commercial and industrial properties. CRCOG used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Windsor Locks might face from a major flood. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to a flood having a 1% chance of occurring any given year (the 100-year flood) would be over $2 million. The impacts of such a flood are summarized below:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 446
Estimated Damages from 100-Year Flood
Households Displaced 9
People Needing Shelter 10
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 0
Total Estimated Economic Losses $2,420,000
Total Residential Building & Content Losses $630,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $1,780,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $10,000
CRCOG also used FEMA’s Hazus-MH model to analyze the risks that the Town of Windsor Locks might face from a hurricane as powerful as the 1938 hurricane. The model estimates that economic losses to the town including residential and commercial damage and business interruptions due to such a Category 3 hurricane would be over $54 million. The impacts of such a storm are summarized below:
Estimated Damages from a 1938 Strength Hurricane
Households Displaced 13
People Needing Shelter 1
Buildings at Least Moderately Damaged 479
Buildings Completely Damaged 27
Total Estimated Economic Losses $54,270,000
Total Residential Building Losses $35,760,000
Total Commercial, Industrial & Other Building & Content Losses $11,300,000
Total Business Interruption Losses $7,210,000
Total Debris Generated 14,968 tons
Truckloads (at 25 tons/truck) of building debris 227
According to information from the Connecticut Department of Emergency Management and Homeland Security, the three federally declared natural disasters of 2011 resulted in total expenses to the municipality of over $1.6 million with the majority of these expenses resulting from Storm Alfred. These expenses include debris and snow removal, emergency protective measures and repairs to damaged infrastructure and buildings but do not include damages experienced by private citizens and businesses.
2011 Disasters Damage Amounts Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Under FEMA Public Assistance Program
Applicant: Town
100% of Amount Eligible for 75% Reimbursement Total Damages Eligible
for Public Assistance Due to 2011 Disasters
DR-1958-CT 2011 Snow
DR-4023-CT Irene
August 2011
DR-4046-CT Severe Weather
Oct 2011 Alfred
Town of Windsor Locks $58,133.89 $21,047.07 $1,583,630.87 $1,662,811.83
Goals, Objectives and Strategies
GOAL: REDUCE THE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY AND THE ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES THAT RESULT FROM FLOODING, HIGH WINDS, SEVERE WINTER STORMS AND OTHER NATURAL DISASTERS. REDUCE LOSS OF ACCESS AND POWER TO SIGNIFICANT BUILDINGS SUCH AS WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FACILITY, DEXTER PUMP STATION, SOUTH MAIN PUMP STATION, SCHOOLS, SENIOR CENTER, REHAB CENTER, TOWN BUILDINGS USE FOR EMERGENCY PURPOSES. INCREASE RESIDENT AND BUSINESS EMPLOYEE KNOWLEDGE OF WARNING SYSTEMS.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 447
Objective 1: Reduce future flooding by improving, modifying and/or replacing existing man-made and natural drainage systems. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Address drainage issues on Papermill Brook at Center Street/ Whitton Street.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Status: Completed, Mitigated, Replaced
1.2 Address drainage issues at Chestnut and Main Streets.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Current Status: Mitigated, cleaned/installed trash rack
1.3 Address drainage issues on Kettle Brook at Middle School on Center Street.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Cleaned out as needed, partially mitigated; created scour hole for wash out.
Future cleanouts will be undertaken on an as needed basis Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.4 Address drainage issues on Industrial Road.
Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will
be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.5 Address drainage issues at West and Spring Streets. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will
be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.6 Address drainage issues in the Smally Road area. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 448
Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.7 Address drainage issues on Bristol Road. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will
be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.8 Address drainage issues at Dibble Hollow and Bel Air Circle. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will
be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
1.9 Address drainage issues at Gaylord and Lowndes Drive. Lead: Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: Not yet initiated; deferred due to lack of funding. Drainage improvements will
be considered for inclusion in the capital improvements program during annual budget preparations and will be undertaken when funding is available.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds, capital improvements program funding, grants
Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 2: Educate the property owners and business owners about updated horns and public address system, Everbridge alerts and tones. Strategic Actions: 1.1 Work with school system to reach out to students/families to educate public.
Lead: Emergency Management Director Priority: Medium
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 449
Status: This is an ongoing effort; but a new initiative for this plan update. A brochure was produced and distributed to the school children.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019: Annually during the school year
1.2 Use local advertising opportunities to educate public. Lead: Emergency Management Director Priority: Medium Status: This is an ongoing effort; but a new initiative for this plan update. Outreach will
be conducted periodically and prior to anticipated major storm events throughout the plan period
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 3: Ensure that new development will not increase flooding threats to existing properties. Strategic Actions: 3.1 Review, amend as necessary, and enforce land use regulations.
Lead: Zoning Officer, Planning & Zoning Priority: Medium Status: In 2008, Windsor Locks amended its flood zone regulations to maintain
eligibility with the National Flood Insurance Program. Enforcement of regulations is an established practice and will continue.
Potential Funding Sources: General operating funds Timeframe: 2014-2019
Objective 4: Ensure continuity of public services during power outages. Strategic Action: 1.1 Provide generators for critical town facilities.
Lead: Emergency Management, Public Works, Administration Priority: Medium Status: This is a new initiative. Potential Funding Sources: Capital improvements program funding, grants Timeframe: To be initiated in 2014. Completion is anticipated by 2019.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 450
Map 68: Windsor Locks Population Density, Dams and Flood Zones
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 451
Map 69: Windsor Locks Flood Plains, Repetitive Loss Areas, Dams and Important Facilities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 452
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 453
Section V: Planning Process
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 454
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 455
Planning Process
The update planning process began in early 2012 when the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA) awarded the Capitol Region Council of Governments (CRCOG) a Pre-Disaster Mitigation Planning Grant to update its regional natural hazard mitigation plan. This Plan Update was developed in collaboration with the Capitol Region Emergency Planning Commission (CREPC), the Region’s 30 municipalities and the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP). A sub-committee of CREPC, ESF-5 Emergency Management (which was expanded to reach out to additional officials from all 30 municipalities for the purposes of this update) served as the planning committee for the update process and provided guidance to the project. CRCOG staff coordinated efforts to involve officials from each town in efforts to update individual municipal sections. Finally, members of the public were provided opportunities to provide input throughout the development of the Plan Update.
Hazards Identification
In the development of the 2008 Pre-Disaster Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan, CRCOG staff proposed
a list of the natural hazards to be addressed in the Plan based on the State Natural Hazard Plan; historical weather records from a variety of media sources, the United State Geological Survey, the National Weather Service and other agencies; and, from discussions with DEEP staff. The hazards were discussed with the CREPC planning sub-committee in late 2006, the Regional Planning Commission in early 2007, and officials from member municipalities in early 2007. The following hazards were agreed upon for inclusion in the Plan due to their likelihood to occur in, and/or their potential impacts, on the Region: dam failure, drought, floods, forest fires, severe winter storms, hurricanes and tornadoes/high winds. Several hazards were dismissed due to their low likelihood of occurrence or their minimal impacts on the Region, including avalanches, expansive soils, land subsidence, landslide, tsunamis, and volcanoes.
As the update to the 2008 plan was initiated, CRCOG staff researched natural hazards and major
storm events impacting the Region and State in the last several years. In July 2012, the expanded CREPC ESF-5 planning committee met to reexamine the list of hazards impacting the Capitol Region. The committee agreed that the list of eight natural hazards identified in the 2008 Plan should continue to be considered the natural hazards addressed in the Plan Update. Committee members considered suggestions to include ice jams, heat waves and solar flares among hazards to be addressed; however, there was not a consensus of the whole committee to include these in the Plan Update. The committee was also asked to rate the hazards for their significance and impact on the Region. Flooding ranked as the number one hazard of concern, followed closely by hurricanes and then by winter storms and tornados. (Meeting Notes are included in the Appendix.)
Data Collection and Analysis/Risk Assessment
As in the development of the 2008 Plan, CRCOG staff collected and analyzed the hazards and loss
data for participating municipalities to reduce duplication of efforts and to provide a common ground for evaluating mitigation strategies. The data came from a wide variety of sources including FEMA, DEEP, the National Weather Service, regional newspapers, the United States Geological Survey, United States
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 456
Census Bureau, municipalities and CRCOG’s internal geographic information system as well as other resources. The data were used to evaluate natural disasters in terms of frequency, magnitude, areas of impact and economic loss.
The collected data were analyzed using the CRCOG’s geographic information system software,
specifically ESRI ArcMap 10, and HAZUS-MH. HAZUS-MH is loss estimation software developed by FEMA under contract with the National Institute of Building Sciences. This software works in conjunction with ESRI ArcMap 10 to perform complex spatial analyses necessary to estimate losses from earthquake, hurricanes and floods. While the 2008 Plan only incorporated the results from the hurricane model at the regional level because of difficulties in running the flood model, for this update, we were able to perform flood modeling at the municipal level for this update. CRCOG also ran the earthquake model at the regional level and hurricane model at the local level for the update.
Municipal and regional plans of conservation and development, municipal zoning and flood plain
regulations, municipal budget and capital improvement program documents, and flood management studies were also reviewed during the course of the update.
Municipal Plans Review/Update
As the hazards analyses were undertaken, CRCOG staff also led meetings with municipal officials to
initiate updates to individual city and town plans. These meetings were held in each of the thirty municipalities and included local staff from a variety of departments including administration, planning, emergency management, police, fire, public health, sanitation, public works, engineering, information technologies, social services, human resources, boards of education, ambulance services, among others. In some towns citizens and elected officials also participated. Following these municipal meetings, CRCOG staff worked with the municipally designated staff contacts to incorporate the updates prepared by the municipalities. CRCOG staff conducted the following meetings locally with municipal officials to initiate the local update process:
Andover: April 23, 2013; 9:30 am; 1 attendee Avon: October 22, 2012; 9:30 am; 12 attendees Bloomfield: April 30, 2013; 10 am; 4 attendees Bolton: February 22, 2013; 9am; 6 attendees Canton: December 11, 2012; 9:30 am; 5 attendees East Granby: April 30, 2013; 1pm; 2 attendees East Hartford: June 18, 2012; 9:30 am; 4 attendees East Windsor: November 28, 2012; 1:30 pm; 10 attendees Ellington: November 30, 2012; 9:30 am; 4 attendees Enfield: December 11, 2012; 2 pm; 4 attendees Farmington: November 5, 2012; 11:30 am; 3 attendees Glastonbury: July 16, 2012; 1:30 pm; 10 attendees Granby: December 19, 2012; 9:30 am; 9 attendees Hartford: February 7, 2013; 10 am; 7 attendees Hebron: February 27, 2013; 9 am; 12 attendees Manchester: November 16, 2012; 10:30 am; 6 attendees
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 457
Marlborough: March 14, 2013; 1 pm; 9 attendees Newington: February 28, 2013; 9 am; 4 attendees Rocky Hill: March 15, 2013; 9:30 am; 9 attendees Simsbury: November 19, 2012; 9:30am; 3 attendees Somers: May 6, 2013; 9:30 am; 3 attendees South Windsor: November 7, 2012; 1:30 pm; 12 attendees Stafford: December 18, 2012; 9:30 am; 4 attendees Suffield: April 25, 2013; 10 am; 3 attendees Tolland: January 29, 2013; 9:30 am; 4 attendees Vernon: April 26, 2013; 11 am; 12 attendees West Hartford: January 18, 2013; 9:30 am; 7 attendees Wethersfield: January 28, 2013; 1:30 pm; 5 attendees Windsor: December 13, 2012; 9:30 am; 9 attendees Windsor Locks: December 19, 2012; 1:30 pm; 8 attendees
Following the initial municipal meetings, local staff and officials worked to consider their communities’ risks and vulnerabilities and update local mitigation strategies. Table 27 below summarizes the departments and functions of municipal representatives involved in the planning process in each community. Over 400 municipal officials and staff were involved in developing this plan update. These officials and staff included those representing the local administration such as town managers, financial directors, risk managers and human resources directors; elected officials such as mayors, first selectmen and selectmen; health and human services personnel such as health directors, human, social and senior services directors, as well as sanitarians; land use and development officials including planners, zoning and building officials, community and economic development directors; public safety personnel from police, fire, emergency management and ambulance services; public works personnel including engineering, highway, sanitation, water and sewer, and facilities management; other municipal staff such as GIS, IT, and parks and recreation staff; and public schools and boards of education representatives including superintendents and school facilities directors. As can be seen, the majority of towns involved officials from a range of municipal functions in the planning process and most included land use/development, public safety and public works staff in the effort.
Table 27: Municipal Representatives Involved in the Plan Update Process
Municipality
A d
m in
is tr
a ti
o n
E le
ct e
d O
ff ic
ia l
H e
a lt
h &
H u
m a
n S
e rv
ic e
s
La n
d U
se /
D e
v e
lo p
m e
n t
O th
e r
P u
b li
c S
a fe
ty
P u
b li
c W
o rk
s
S ch
o o
ls /E
d u
ca ti
o n
Andover
X
Avon X
X X X X X
Bloomfield
X
X X
Bolton X
X
X
Canton X
X
X X
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 458
Municipality
A d
m in
is tr
a ti
o n
E le
ct e
d O
ff ic
ia l
H e
a lt
h &
H u
m a
n S
e rv
ic e
s
La n
d U
se /
D e
v e
lo p
m e
n t
O th
e r
P u
b li
c S
a fe
ty
P u
b li
c W
o rk
s
S ch
o o
ls /E
d u
ca ti
o n
East Granby
X
X
East Hartford X X
X X
East Windsor
X X X
X X X
Ellington
X
X
X X
Enfield X X
X
Farmington X
X X X X X
Glastonbury X
X X X X X
Granby X
X
X X X
Hartford
X X
X X
Hebron X X
X
X X X
Manchester X
X X
X X
Marlborough X X
X
X X
Newington
X
X X
Rocky Hill X
X
X X
Simsbury X X
X
X X
Somers
X
X
South Windsor X
X
X X X X
Stafford
X
X
X X
Suffield
X X
X X
Tolland X
X X
X X X
Vernon X X
X
X X
West Hartford
X
X X X
Wethersfield
X
X X
Windsor X
X X
X X
Windsor Locks
X
X
X X X
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 459
Strategy Analysis and Prioritization
In the development of the 2008 Plan, CRCOG and municipal staff considered a broad array of
mitigation strategies to achieve regional and municipal goals. Mitigation strategies were prioritized according to a variation of the STAPLEE evaluation process recommended in FEMA’s Developing the Mitigation Plan: Identifying Mitigation Actions and Implementation Strategies (April 2003). Each strategy was scored according to the following criteria:
Yes No
1. Is the action socially acceptable (compatible with community values)?
2. Is the strategy technically feasible?
3. Does the community have the capacity to implement and maintain the action?
4. Is there public support to implement and maintain the action?
5. Does the community have the legal authority to implement the strategy?
6. Is the action cost-effective?
7. Is the strategy consistent with environmental policies and goals?
1-2 yes = low priority 3-4 yes = medium priority 5-6 yes = high priority During the Plan Update process, the STAPLEE method was again presented to municipal staff as a
means for the municipalities to evaluate their current and proposed mitigation strategies. STAPLEE also formed the basis for the evaluation of the benefit-cost comparison of mitigation strategies.
In the reevaluation of the regional strategies proposed in 2008 and consideration of new regional
mitigation strategies to undertake in the 2014-2019 Plan Update term, CRCOG sought the advice of the CREPC planning committee at a workshop held in February 2013. The meeting was attended by fourteen municipal officials from eleven member towns as well as representatives from FEMA, CT DEMHS, the Metropolitan District Commission and officials from two neighboring communities. At this workshop, a status report on the 2008 regional mitigation goal, objectives and strategies/actions was presented. CRCOG staff presented a number of proposed revisions to current strategies and several additional strategies/actions based on our findings and discussions with local officials at the individual municipal meetings. These proposed revisions as well as proposed new strategies/actions were discussed with attendees. Attendees were then asked to reassess the priorities assigned to the 2008 strategies as well as those proposed for the new strategies. Attendees were asked to consider the following priority definitions in their assessments:
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 460
Priority Designations for Mitigation Strategies
High: Accomplishment or substantial work toward accomplishing this strategy is critical and essential to achieving the goal and objective. Successful execution of this mitigation action is expected to make a substantial contribution to the advancement of our goal. A concerted effort should be made to undertake this action. This is a “Must Do” action.
Medium: This mitigation strategy is clearly supportive of the goal and objective, however, it is not absolutely essential to their achievement. Successful implementation of this strategy is expected to make an incremental contribution to achieving the goal and objective. This is a “Should Do” action.
Low: Although important and advisable, this mitigation strategy should be undertaken as long as it does not interfere with the accomplishment of higher priority strategies. This is a “Would Be Nice to Do” action.
Based on input from the committee members, revisions were made to one objective and to several
mitigation, strategies and priorities. An additional mitigation strategy was also proposed and accepted by the planning committee. (Meeting Notes are included in the Appendix.)
During the public comment period on the draft plan, a request was made that CRCOG assist
municipalities in outreach to those with functional needs. This request was brought to the planning committee which agreed to incorporate this as a new regional mitigation strategy. A high priority was assigned to this action based on similar priorities for related municipal actions and on its benefit-cost ratio.
Municipal officials were also asked to consider the above priority designations and STAPLEE criteria
in the development of municipal strategies, both in the reassessment of existing strategic actions that would be continued and in the consideration of new initiatives to be addressed.
Public Participation
A variety of means were used to inform the public of the planning process and to gain public input
on hazards, areas and issues of concern, and on mitigation measures. These specific outreach efforts are described below.
Reports and Presentations to Local Officials - These included regular reports to the CRCOG Policy
Board and CREPC. Also, articles describing update activities and progress were included in the CRCOG Newsletters of October 2011, June 2013, and September and October 2013. Two presentations were made on March 15, 2012 to introduce the plan update project to municipal officials. The first presentation was made at the DEMHS Region 3 Citizens Preparedness & Emergency Management Seminar which had an audience of over 100 emergency management directors and chief municipal officers. The second was made at the bimonthly meeting of the Capitol Region Regional Planning Commission which had an audience of a dozen local planning and zoning commission members.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 461
Presentations on the draft Plan Update were also made to the Policy Board, to a subcommittee of CREPC, and to the Regional Planning Commission in September 2013. Policy Board, Regional Planning Commission, and CREPC meeting are public meetings with meeting notices, agendas, and minutes published on CRCOG’s website.
Web Pages - CRCOG’s web page related to the Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan was updated
throughout the planning process. Translations of CRCOG’s web pages are available in over seventy languages. Additional links to the Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan page were also added from other web pages on CRCOG’s site. Initial drafts of the Introduction, Hazards Evaluation and Regional Mitigation Strategies sections of this Plan Update were posted to the CRCOG website in February 2013. All municipal CEOs and the planning committee were notified of their availability. Revised drafts of the Introduction and Hazards Evaluation sections were posted in June 2013. The draft for public review was posted in September 2013.
Opinion Survey - A survey was developed to solicit input from the public on local mitigation activities
and strategies. The survey was posted online on the CRCOG website in March 2013 and on the Get Ready Capitol Region website in April 2013. Paper survey forms were also brought to the sub-regional public workshops. Survey answers were tabulated by the respondents’ hometown and results were shared with municipal officials for consideration in updating the municipal strategies sections. In all, 147 persons responded to the survey. Most respondents resided in one of the thirty municipalities participating in the Plan Update; however eight lived outside the region. Most respondents (84%) live in single-family homes while 7% live in two or three family homes and 9% live in multifamily homes.
The survey asked participants to review a list of twenty-four mitigation measures and select the five
most important measures their city or town should take, or continue to take, to prevent or lessen the impacts and damages caused by natural hazards. The table below lists the measures chosen in order of the frequency of their selection.
Table 28: Mitigation Measures by Frequency of Selection
Answer Options Response
Percent Response
Count
Use an emergency alert system to contact residents 49.3% 72
Provide back-up power to critical municipal facilities (police & fire stations, town hall, etc) 43.8% 64
Support training of municipal staff and volunteers for emergency response 43.2% 63
Encourage local gas stations, pharmacies and grocery stores to install back-up generators
41.1% 60
Encourage residents to prepare family disaster plans and supply kits 40.4% 59
Trim or remove trees which could bring down power lines 39.0% 57
Ensure that roads are passable quickly after storms 36.3% 53
Undertake a public outreach program on emergency preparedness 32.2% 47
Contact and assist the elderly and others with special needs in the event of natural disasters
31.5% 46
Encourage utilities to consider burying existing electric and cable lines 19.9% 29
Ensure electric and cable lines are installed underground in new development 17.8% 26
Encourage nursing homes, senior housing, and group homes to install back-up generators
17.1% 25
Fix drainage problems that cause flooding on roads 16.4% 24
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 462
Keep development out of flood plains and other environmentally sensitive areas 14.4% 21
Strengthen regulations to ensure development does not create drainage or ground water problems
11.0% 16
Improve local maps to better identify areas vulnerable to natural disasters 11.0% 16
Ensure that dams are routinely inspected and maintained 8.2% 12
Analyze potential snow load problems on local buildings 4.1% 6
Analyze the potential for forest and wild fires in the community 2.7% 4
Acquire and remove buildings that flood repeatedly 2.1% 3
Identify buildings and structures that might be susceptible to earthquake damage 2.1% 3
Encourage residents and businesses to purchase flood insurance 1.4% 2
Encourage residents and businesses to flood proof their buildings 0.7% 1
Enact a drought ordinance 0.0% 0
As can be seen, the strongest support among all respondents was expressed for using an
emergency alert system to contact residents. In addition to the strong support shown for emergency communications, strong support was also expressed for measures which could help restore a sense of normalcy after a significant event. Over 40% of respondents expressed the need for back-up power for critical municipal facilities such as town halls, and police and fire stations, as well as for private facilities that provide important community functions such as gas stations, pharmacies, and grocery stores. Over a third of all respondents also urged municipalities to, “Ensure that roads are passable quickly after storms.”
Support was also expressed for ensuring that the public is prepared for natural disasters. Forty percent of respondents said municipalities should “Encourage residents to prepare family disaster plans and supply kits” and nearly a third wanted municipalities to “Undertake a public outreach program on emergency preparedness.” Support for preparation among those who need to respond in the event of natural disasters was also expressed among many respondents. Forty-three percent supported training of municipal staff and volunteers for emergency response.
Reduction in the potential for power outages was also heavily supported among respondents. Thirty- nine percent supported trimming or removing trees which could bring down power lines. Support was also shown for undertaking other measures which could reduce power outages. Nearly 20% wanted utilities to be encouraged to bury existing electric and cable lines and nearly 18% wanted to see electric and cable lines installed underground in new developments.
Concern for the needs of vulnerable populations was also strongly supported. Over thirty percent of respondents selected “Contact and assist the elderly and others with special needs in the event of natural disasters.” Also, 17% of respondents wanted municipalities to “Encourage nursing homes, senior housing, and group homes to install back-up generators.” Responses to the open ended Question 7, which asked respondents to identify vulnerable areas, buildings, structures, and groups of people, showed overwhelming concern for vulnerable populations. At least 44 of the 68 responses to this question identified vulnerable people such as the elderly, disabled, and others with medical or special needs in their communities. The need for sheltering pets was also expressed by a number of respondents to this question.
There was not as strong support expressed for a number of measures which could mitigate natural hazards. Less than one-sixth of respondents felt their municipality should fix drainage problems that
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 463
cause flooding on roads; keep development out of environmentally sensitive areas; strengthen development regulations; improve mapping to identify vulnerable areas; or ensure that dams are inspected and maintained. Even fewer expressed a concern for analyzing snow loads on buildings or the potential for wild fires; acquiring and removing buildings subject to repeated flooding; identifying buildings susceptible to earthquake damage; or encouraging residents and businesses to purchase flood insurance or flood proof their buildings. No one expressed a need for their municipality to consider enacting a drought ordinance.
Certainly our experiences over the past few years with prolonged power outages and blocked roads due to Storms Irene, Alfred, and Sandy, as well as the Blizzard of February 2013, colored the survey takers responses. Also, the lack of recent widespread experience locally with drought, wild fire, and earthquakes influenced responders’ choices. However, the perceived lack of support for some measures should also be tempered by the fact that survey takers were limited to selecting only five of 24 listed measures. This limitation required responders to prioritize measures without the ability to indicate a ranking among the various measures.
Survey respondents were also given the opportunity to identify additional measures not included in the list of twenty-four measures or to highlight additional choices from the list they were not able to select. These additional measures are listed in the full survey results which are presented in more detail in the Appendix. Survey takers were also asked to identify specific areas, facilities or groups of people particularly vulnerable to natural hazards. Reponses indicated a strong concern for the elderly, disabled, and those with special and/or medical needs. The survey results report in the Appendix lists all responses to this question.
Survey takers were also asked about the use of emergency shelters. Forty-two of 147 respondents
indicated they had used a local shelter. Of these 42 respondents, 27 or 64% used a local shelter for charging a cell phone or laptop; 19 or 45% obtained meals at a shelter; 17 or 40% showered at a shelter; and six or 14% slept overnight at a shelter. The survey also asked respondents if they needed to go to a shelter in the event of a natural disaster, would they be willing to go to a multi-town shelter. One hundred thirty-one people responded to this question. Overall, there was a strong support for the use of multi-town shelters. Ninety-six or 73% expressed a willingness to use a multi-town shelter; 35 or 27% said they would not be willing to go to a multi-town shelter.
Survey results were provided to municipal representatives for their use in updating municipal
sections. Public Meetings - Upon completion of a draft hazard vulnerability analysis and initial meetings with
local officials, CRCOG staff conducted several public meetings in the spring and summer of 2013 (listed below) to solicit feedback from residents and other stakeholders. CRCOG sent meeting notices to various municipal officials including chief elected officials, school superintendents, public housing authorities, planning and zoning commission chairs, CERT leaders, as well as to local libraries, hospitals, colleges, chambers of commerce, news media, utilities, the Red Cross, abutting towns, congressional offices, state senators and representatives, and community organizations. Meeting notices and summaries were also posted on the CRCOG website. Each town was also asked to advertise the meeting. Town outreach included postings on municipal websites, press releases, e-mail distributions, announcements at other local public meetings, among other means. Formal attendance was not taken at these meetings, however, over 53 residents, legislative representatives, members of the press and
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 464
other local stake holders attended this series of meetings. In addition, over fifty municipal and school representatives attended. Below are brief summaries of each of the seven subregional meetings. More detailed meeting summaries can be found in the Appendix.
Sub-region: Farmington River Watershed - Avon, Canton, Farmington, Simsbury Date: June 10, 2013; 6 pm – 8:30pm Location: Farmington Police Department Community Room Meeting Highlights: Ten members of the public attended: three residents of Avon, one resident of Canton, one state senator, two congressional staff persons and two members of the press. Public comment focused on dealing with power outages, notifying the public in times of emergency, and sheltering issues. Sub-region: South East - Andover, Bolton, Hebron, Marlborough Date: June 17, 2013, 7 pm – 8:30 pm Location: Hebron’s Gilead Hill Elementary School Meeting Highlights: Three members of the public attended: two residents of the Amston section of Hebron and an unidentified man. Public comment focused on expanding volunteer participation, sheltering issues and storm clean up and tree trimming efforts Sub-region: Connecticut River North - East Granby, Granby, Suffield Date: July 1, 2013, 7 pm – 8:30 pm Location: Granby Senior Center Meeting Highlights: Fourteen members of the public attended including at least ten residents of Granby. The meeting was taped by Granby Community Television. Public comment focused on expanding training for the public in dealing with natural disasters and ensuring means of communicating with the public during times of power outages Sub-region: Central West - Bloomfield, Newington, Rocky Hill, West Hartford, Wethersfield Date: July 2, 2013, 7pm – 8:30 pm Location: Bloomfield Volunteer Ambulance Meeting Highlights: Seven members of the public attended including a resident of West Hartford, two representatives from CL&P, a state senator, and a local newspaper reporter. Public comment focused on CL&P’s efforts to lessen the potential for power outages and a request that municipalities be encouraged to pursue mitigation projects which are likely to qualify for grant funding. Sub-region: Connecticut River North – Windsor, Windsor Locks, Enfield Date: July 9, 2013, 7 pm – 7:45 pm Location: Windsor Locks Town Hall Meeting Highlights: Two representatives from Connecticut Light & Power attended. There was no public comment. Sub-region: Connecticut River South – East Hartford, Glastonbury, Hartford, Manchester,
South Windsor Date: July 11, 2013, 7 pm – 8:15 pm Location: Glastonbury Academy Building
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 465
Meeting Highlights: Seven members of the public attended including representatives from the press, CL&P and the Glastonbury Chamber of Commerce as well as a staff person from State Senator Gary LeBeau’s office. A CL&P representative highlighted the utility’s efforts to strengthen its infrastructure. Sub-region: North East - East Windsor, Ellington, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, Vernon Date: July 18, 2013, 7 pm – 8:45 pm Location: Vernon Senior Center Meeting Highlights: At least eleven members of the public attended including CERT team members, the press, and CL&P representatives. In addition, twenty-one representatives from municipal departments and public school systems attended. Public comment focused on the need for improved alert systems, assistance in acquisition of equipment and better coordination between municipal governments and school systems, as well as issues with the State’s storm clean up and supply distribution.
Public Meeting in Farmington, June 10, 2013. Credit: CRCOG
Public Meeting in Vernon, July 18, 2013. Credit: CRCOG
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 466
Review of Draft Plan Update - To solicit public comment on the draft plan, CRCOG advertised the availability of the draft Plan Update, made presentations to local officials, and held two public input meetings. CRCOG requested that each participating municipality post on its own website, newsletter and any other appropriate media that the draft plan was available for review and comment beginning. CRCOG also notified potentially interested agencies including regional watershed groups, conservation districts, colleges, hospitals, chambers of commerce, and others. A public service announcement was provided to the Connecticut Radio Information System (CRIS), a radio reading service. Articles were placed in the September 20
th and October 4
th editions of the CRCOG Newsletter.
Presentations on the draft plan were made on September 17
th to the Policy Board and on
September 19 th
to the UAWG/MMRS (Urban Area Working Group/ Metropolitan Medical Response System, a subcommittee of CREPC) and to the Regional Planning Commission. At these meetings, attendees were given copies of the Executive Summary and the Municipal Plan for their respective community.
Public meetings on the draft plan update were held in the evenings at the Hartford Public Library on
Tuesday, October 1, 2013 and at the Enfield Town Hall on Wednesday, October 2, 2013.These public input sessions and the availability of the draft for review and comment were advertised in The Hartford Courant, the Hartford News, and the Journal Inquirer. The advertisement in the Hartford News was also translated into Spanish. Several towns posted notices on their websites and sent out press releases. More detailed meeting summaries, newspaper and website advertisements and news articles can be found in the Appendix.
Summary of public comment received at public meetings: October 1, 2013, Hartford Public Library, 5:30 pm – Attendance included three municipal representatives (two from Hartford and one from Glastonbury) and a resident of Hartford who requested that CRCOG assist municipalities in outreach to and involvement of those with functional needs in natural hazard mitigation efforts. As the commenter, who serves on CREPC’s Regional Support Function-19 for Functional Needs Management noted, it is often difficult to develop and maintain lists of those with functional needs because registration and inclusion in a list or database is voluntary and privacy must be maintained. Involvement of persons with functional needs in mitigation activities can be also difficult for a number of reasons including the specifics of the functional need, transportation issues, and lack of personal familiarity with those undertaking the activities, among others. CRCOG staff responded that one regional objective is to, “Assist municipalities in implementing hazard mitigation strategies” and that a number of the region’s municipalities have identified mitigation strategies to meet the needs of special needs populations. After the meeting ended and attendees had left, a representative of the Connecticut Coalition for Environmental Justice entered the meeting room. CRCOG staff discussed the draft plan with her and gave her a copy of the plan document and several copies of the executive summary. She also expressed concern for those with functional needs. October 2, 2013, Enfield Town Hall, 7:00 pm – Attendance included two residents of Enfield, the mayor of Enfield, and a reporter from The Hartford Courant. One resident expressed concern about flooding in the vicinity of I-91 and Route 5 and the Mayor described the Town’s plans to address the issue. The other resident expressed her concern for improving outreach and community involvement regarding disaster preparedness. Mr. Perkins described some of the techniques towns and the
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 467
region are using to involve the public in disaster preparedness. She also expressed her support for and interest in low impact development (LID) techniques. Mr. Perkins said information is available on CRCOG’s website. Mayor Kaupin added that information is also available on Enfield’s website.
Written Comments Received: The comment period was originally advertised as open until October 11, 2013; however, it was extended to October 31
st to respond to requests from Hartford residents for increased opportunity
for comment. The City of Hartford issued a media advisory on the extension of the public comment period. CRCOG also posted an announcement of the public comment period extension on its website. An e-mail comment was received asking if micro grids had been considered, particularly for the Town of West Hartford. In response to this comment, the Town advised that they had initiated conversations with CL&P. We were also notified that several land use boards in the Town of Simsbury had reviewed the plan update and were particularly supportive of the regional objective to improve stormwater management and groundwater recharge. No other written comments were received as of November 4, 2013. Response to Comments Received: In response to the request for regional assistance to communities for outreach to persons with functional needs, the ESF-5 Planning Committee members were asked to consider the addition of a regional mitigation action to “Assist member communities in efforts to develop and maintain lists of functional needs populations and in improving involvement of functional needs persons in planning and training for hazard mitigation.” The committee agreed to amend the regional mitigation strategy to add this additional action. The draft plan update was also revised to incorporate a brief description of the State’s grant program for micro grids and a description of resources for planning and responding to the needs of vulnerable populations into the Resources section.
Coordination with Neighboring Communities and Other Agencies
Opportunities for input from neighboring communities and other regional bodies were provided
throughout the update process. The Capitol Region Emergency Planning Committee (CREPC) which represents all thirty of the CRCOG municipalities contributing to this multi-jurisdictional plan plus eleven other neighboring communities in Connecticut was regularly briefed on plan update activities. CREPC member communities correspond to the DEMHS Region 3 communities. The map which follows shows the CRCOG communities in green and the additional CREPC/DEMHS Region 3 communities in white.
CREPC’s Emergency Support Function 5 – Emergency Management serves as the basis for the
planning committee which provides oversight to the Plan Update process. Outreach for the planning committee meetings included ESF-5 members from communities outside CRCOG as well as other regional agencies. Attendance at the February 2013 planning committee meeting included representatives from the neighboring communities of New Britain and Portland as well as representatives from DEMHS, FEMA and the MDC. (The MDC, or Metropolitan District Commission, is a regional water and wastewater agency serving Hartford and neighboring municipalities.) Attendance at the ESF-5 meeting of October 22, 2013, included a representative from Middletown and Portland. In
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 468
addition, other regional natural hazard mitigation plans, as well as the state plan were reviewed during the preparation of this plan update.
CRCOG staff also staffed a booth at the Hartford Springfield Economic Partnership (HSEP) “State of
the Region” Conference in Windsor, Connecticut on June 7, 2013, and provided materials describing the update planning process. The HSEP, also known as New England’s Knowledge Corridor, is an interstate partnership of regional economic development, planning, business, tourism and educational institutions from throughout the Hartford, Springfield and New Haven metropolitan areas. The website for the Sustainable Knowledge Corridor, a partnership of three regional planning agencies, CRCOG, the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC) in Massachusetts, and Central Connecticut Regional Planning Agency (CCRPA), as well as a consortium of some thirty diverse organizations which evolved from associations formed through the HSEP, includes a link to CRCOG’s natural hazards mitigation planning web page: http://www.sustainableknowledgecorridor.org/site/content/climate-natural-hazards.
Map 70: CRCOG and CREPC Municipalities
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 469
Municipal planners or other local representatives in communities adjacent to CRCOG, including
those in Massachusetts, were e-mailed notices of the subregional public meetings held in June and July of 2013. Representatives of other regional bodies were also e-mailed these meeting notices including CL&P (Connecticut Light & Power, the regional electric utility), MDC, Red Cross, chambers of commerce, regional health districts, and community organizations. Multiple news media representatives were also notified of each public meeting. Although formal attendance was not taken at these meetings, representatives from CL&P attended six of the seven meetings and a Red Cross volunteer leader and representatives of a U.S. Congresswoman attended a meeting. Input from those outside the thirty CRCOG municipalities was also obtained through the online survey. Notices of the subregional meetings included links to the survey. Of the 147 respondents to the survey, eight were from outside the region.
Outreach to organizations outside the Capitol Region and to regional organizations to announce the
availability of the draft plan and public input meetings was similar to that of the subregional meetings. Municipal planners or other local representatives in communities adjacent to CRCOG including those in Massachusetts; representatives of regional bodies including utilities, regional planning agencies, the Red Cross, chambers of commerce, regional health districts, and community organizations; and multiple news media representatives were e-mailed notices of the October public meetings.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 470
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 471
Section VI: Plan Implementation and Maintenance
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 472
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 473
Bringing the Plan to Life
This section describes how this Plan Update will be put into action and how our momentum will be
maintained. A Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan is not solely a document but also represents a cyclical process. Revisiting the planning process periodically ensures the mitigation strategies are not overlooked even if there are personnel transitions or organizational changes. Each update process helps to build and strengthen institutional capacity to undertake our mitigation strategies. All projects/ activities will be evaluated for their progress and effectiveness and feasibility as mitigation activities during the current 5-year cycle (2014-2019) and as work on the next update of this plan is undertaken.
Figure 11: Core Steps in Mitigation Planning Process
Source: http://www.fema.gov/hazard-mitigation-planning-overview The general schedule and process we will follow to ensure the Capitol Region’s 2014-2019 Plan
Update is implemented and maintained involves the following steps:
TASK 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014-2019 Plan Approval & Adoption FEMA Review & Approval • • Local & Regional Adoption
• • • Plan Distribution • • • Implementation Monitoring
Annual Status Updates • • • • Initiate Update Process
Seek Grant Funding • Policy Board Approval •
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 474
TASK 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Municipal Commitments • Develop Next Plan Update
Risk Assessment Update • • • • • • Mitigation Strategies Update
• • • • • • Document Preparation, Review & Revision
• • • • • • • Public Outreach & Participation
ESF-5 Plan Related Meetings
• • • • •
Plan Update Activities • • • • • • • • • •
Questions or comments regarding the implementation of this Plan Update should be directed to: Lynne Pike DiSanto, AICP Senior Planner and Policy Analyst Capitol Region Council of Governments 241 Main Street, 4th Floor Hartford, Connecticut 06106 (860) 522-2217 ext. 211 [email protected]
Plan Adoption
This plan update was submitted for review by the State of Connecticut Department of Energy and
Environmental Protection in November of 2013. Suggested revisions were made and the State transmitted the Plan Update to FEMA for review in December 2013. FEMA’s approval pending adoption was requested. Upon receipt of FEMA’s conditional approval, each municipality’s governing body as well as CRCOG’s Policy Board will need to formally adopt the Plan Update. CREPC will also be asked to append this plan to the Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP) Plan. Copies of the CRCOG and municipal adoption resolutions will be included in the Appendix when available.
The Town of West Hartford adopted the draft plan update on October 22, 2013 to fulfill
requirements for its continued participation in the Community Rating System.
Strategy Implementation
Implementation of the strategies contained within this plan will depend largely on the availability of
resources. Each municipality and CRCOG will have to consider the costs, availability of funding, and economic and other impacts of each mitigation action individually. In general, preference should be given to accomplishing tasks that have positive benefit-cost ratios, and those that are ranked high priority. The ground work has been set for initiating the proposed mitigation activities: responsible
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 475
agencies, implementation time frames, and potential funding sources have been identified for each proposed action.
The municipalities’ chief executive officials will be responsible for making this plan available to all
municipal departments and agencies as a planning tool to be used in conjunction with other municipal plans, regulations, budgets, capital improvements programs, day-to-day operations, and other processes and projects. The CRCOG Policy Development & Planning Department will be responsible for regional strategies and coordination with CRCOG Public Safety staff. CRCOG will also assist municipalities’ efforts to implement local projects by notifying municipal officials of grant funding opportunities as we become aware of them and by writing letters of support for grant applications.
It is also CRCOG’s intention to append this plan to the Regional Emergency Support Plan (RESP) Plan,
upon formal approval by FEMA and adoption by member municipalities. As municipal plans of conservation and development (POCD) are prepared and referred to CRCOG for regional review, the Policy Development & Planning staff will make recommendations for opportunities to incorporate natural hazards mitigation planning into the POCD. CRCOG has made such comments regarding municipal plans of conservation and development reviewed in 2013 and 2014. The regional plan of conservation and development which is currently being updated will also incorporate natural hazards mitigation policy recommendations.
Implementation Monitoring
The planning sub-committee of CREPC (ESF-5), which provided guidance to this project, will monitor
progress on its implementation with assistance from CRCOG staff. The sub-committee will conduct annual outreach to municipalities to ascertain progress on proposed mitigation actions. This will be conducted in an annual meeting for review and evaluation of the plan and its implementation. The annual meetings are proposed to be conducted in the spring or summer to allow municipalities the opportunity to prepare for annual federal disaster mitigation grant applications. We will reach out to the primary municipal contacts involved in this update (see below) for status updates on mitigation activities. Additionally, CRCOG Public Safety and Policy Development & Planning staff will also coordinate with ESF-5 to ensure that all potentially interested municipal officials, including emergency management, public safety, public works and administrative staff, are invited to the meeting at which this plan will be reviewed. At the meeting, each municipality will review hazards that occurred in the previous years, strategic actions that have been implemented and additional efforts that have been undertaken to mitigate the impacts of natural hazards. The CREPC ESF-5 meetings are publicly noticed meetings and the public will be notified of the meetings and afforded the opportunity to participate.
Table 29: Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update Primary Municipal Contacts
TOWN NAME POSITION ADDRESS PHONE E-MAIL
Andover Robert Burbank
First Selectman 17 School Road Andover 06232
860-742- 7305
Avon James DiPace
Emergency Management Director
60 West Main St. Avon 06001
860-409- 4300
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 476
TOWN NAME POSITION ADDRESS PHONE E-MAIL
Bloomfield John Lawlor
Public Works Director
800 Bloomfield Ave Bloomfield 06002
860-243- 1483
Bolton Joyce Stille
Administrative Officer
222 Bolton Center Rd. Bolton 06043
860-649- 8066 x111
Canton Adam Libros
Emergency Management Director
4 Market St. PO Box 168 Collinsville 06022
860-693- 7857x1
East Granby Gary Haynes
Director of Community Development
9 Center St. P.O. Box 1858 East Granby 06026
860-653- 3444
East Hartford Marcia Leclerc
Mayor 740 Main St East Hartford 06108
860-291- 7200
East Windsor Roger Hart
Deputy Police Chief
25 School St PO Box 477 East Windsor 06088
860-292- 8240
Ellington Lisa Houlihan
Town Planner
55 Main St PO Box 187 Ellington 06029
860-870- 3120
Enfield Charles Grasso
Emergency Management Director
820 Enfield St. Enfield 06082
860-253- 6350
Farmington Paul Melanson
Police Chief 319 New Britain Ave Unionville 06085
860- 6752454
Glastonbury Michael Bisi
Superintendent of Sanitation
2155 Main St PO Box 6523 Glastonbury 06033
860-652- 7774
Granby Francis Armentano
Director of Community Development
15 North Granby Rd. Granby 06035
860-653- 8945 860-844- 5318
Hartford Carlos Huertes
Fire Chief/Asst EMD
253 High St Hartford 06103
860-757- 4502
Hebron William Kramer
Emergency Management Director
15 Gilead St Hebron 06248
860-951- 5676
[email protected] [email protected]
Manchester Mark Pellegrini
Director of N'hood Services & Economic Development
PO Box 191 Manchester 06045
860-647- 3044 860-647- 3043
Manchester Matt Bordeaux
Environmental Planner
PO Box 191 Manchester 06045
860-647- 3288
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 477
TOWN NAME POSITION ADDRESS PHONE E-MAIL
Manchester Donald Janelle
Deputy Director Emergency Mgmt
75 Center Street Manchester 06040
860-647- 5259 860-647- 5259
[email protected] [email protected]
Marlborough Judy Ceramicoli
Administrative Assistant
26 North Main St Marlborough 06447
860-295- 6202
Newington Christopher Schroeder
Fire Chief/EMD 1485 Main Street Newington 06111
860-667- 5900
Rocky Hill Ray Carpentino
Economic Development Dir.
176 Old Main St. Rocky Hill 06067
860-258- 7717
Simsbury Richard Sawitzke
Town Engineer
933 Hopmeadow St PO Box 495 Simsbury 06070
860-658- 3260
Somers Jeffrey Bord
Dir. Of Public Works/Town Engineer
600 Main St. PO Box 308 Somers 06071
860-763- 8218
South Windsor
Fred Shaw
Superintendent, Pollution Control
1540 Sullivan Avenue South Windsor 06074
860-644- 2511 x 247
Stafford Dennis Milanovich
Town Engineer/Building Official
Warren Memorial Town Hall 1 Main St Stafford Springs 06076
860-684- 1775
Suffield Bill Hawkins
Town Planner 230C Mountain Rd. Suffield 06078
860-668- 3848
Tolland John Littell
Dir Public Safety/Fire Chief
21 Tolland Green Tolland 06084
860-871- 3677
Vernon Michael Purcaro
Emergency Management Director
55 West Main St. Vernon 06066
860-993- 5878
West Hartford
Gary Allyn
Fire Chief/EMD 95 Raymond Rd. West Hartford 06107
860-561- 8300
Wethersfield Michael Turner
Dir Public Works/Town Eng
505 Silas Deane Highway Wethersfield 06109
860-721- 2850
Windsor Paul Goldberg
Fire Administrator
275 Broad St Windsor 06095
860-285- 1983
Windsor Locks
Jennifer Rodriguez
Town Planner 50 Church St Windsor Locks 06096
860-627- 1447 x322
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 478
Plan Updates
It is anticipated that CRCOG Policy Development & Planning staff in coordination with Public Safety
& Homeland Security staff will make updates to the plan at least once every five years. We will seek grant assistance for the update approximately three years prior to the expiration of this update, anticipating that the next update will take about two years to complete. We will initiate the next update process upon approval of the CRCOG Policy Board and will request commitments from each municipal chief executive official agreeing to participate in the update process. We anticipate CRCOG staff will work with municipal groups similar to those convened for the development of the current plan, when making updates. In developing our work program for the next update, we will review our experiences in this update process to identify areas or procedures which can be improved upon. All monitoring and updating activities will incorporate public involvement through open meetings, public notices, posting documents on CRCOG’s website and providing ample opportunities for public comment.
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 479
Section VII: References
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 480
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 481
References
Boston College, Weston Observatory, http://www.bc.edu/content/bc/research/westonobservatory/northeast.html Capitol Region Council of Governments, Achieving the Balance: A Plan of Conservation and Development for the Capitol Region, http://www.crcog.org/community_dev/regional_plan.html Capitol Region Council of Governments, 2014-2024 Capitol Region Plan of Conservation and Vibrant. Green. Connected. Competitive, http://www.crcog.org/community_dev/regional_plan.html Capitol Region Council of Governments, Capitol Region Pre-Disaster Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2008, http://www.crcog.org/community_dev/current_p_fema.html Connecticut Council on Environmental Quality, Environmental Quality in Connecticut, 2012, March 2013, http://www.ct.gov/ceq/cwp/view.asp?a=4361&q=513470 Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development, Annual Housing Inventory by Town, http://www.ct.gov/ecd/cwp/view.asp?a=1106&q=250640 Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development, State Historic Preservation Office, http://www.ct.gov/cct/cwp/view.asp?a=3948&q=293806&cctNav=| Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Natural Diversity Data Base (NDDB) Maps, http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2702&q=323464&deepNav_GID=1628 Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Connecticut's 2010 Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update. http://www.ct.gov/deep/lib/deep/water_inland/hazard_mitigation/2010_nhmp.pdf Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection and Division of Emergency Services and Public Protection, 2013 Connecticut Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update. http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=325648&deepNav_GID=1654 Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, Dams, http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=325634&deepNav_GID=1625 Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, High Hazard & Significant Hazard Dams in Connecticut, http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2720&q=394032&deepNav_GID=1625 Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, GIS Data http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2698&q=322898&deepNav_GID=1707%20 Connecticut Flood Recovery Committee, Report of the Connecticut Flood Recovery Committee to Governor Abraham Ribicoff, November 3, 1955, Connecticut State Library, http://www.cslib.org/floodrecov.pdf
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 482
Connecticut Office of Policy & Management, Municipal Fiscal Indicators, http://www.ct.gov/opm/cwp/view.asp?a=2984&q=383170&opmNav_GID=1807 Connecticut Secretary of the State, Connecticut State Register & Manual, 2011, http://www.sots.ct.gov/sots/cwp/view.asp?a=3188&q=392636 Federal Emergency Management Agency, Disaster Declarations, http://www.fema.gov/disasters Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Flood Insurance Program, Community Rating System, A Local Official’s Guide to Saving Lives, Preventing Property Damage, Reducing the Cost of Flood Insurance. http://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/16104?id=3655 FEMA Local Mitigation Planning Handbook, 2013, http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=4225 FEMA, Local Multi-Hazard Mitigation Planning Guidance, July 1, 2008. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Community Status Book Report – Connecticut, http://www.fema.gov/cis/CT.html Hazus®-MH MR5 Technical Manuals and User's Manuals, http://www.fema.gov/library/viewRecord.do?id=4454 The Metropolitan District (MDC), Clean Water Project, http://www.thecleanwaterproject.com/ National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), Storm Events Database, http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/ National Drought Mitigation Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, http://drought.unl.edu/ National Institute of Building Sciences, Multihazard Risk Assessment/HAZUS, About Hazus, http://www.nibs.org/?page=hazus&hhSearchTerms=about+and+hazus National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center, http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ National Weather Service, National Hurricane Center, http://www.nhc.noaa.gov National Weather Service, Storm Prediction Center, http://www.spc.noaa.gov Region 3, Regional Emergency Support Plan, October 2009, http://www.crcog.org/homeland_sec/plan.html State of Connecticut Water Status, http://ct.gov/waterstatus/site/default.asp The Tornado Project, http://tornadoproject.com/ University of Connecticut, Center for Land Use Education and Research, Connecticut’s Changing Landscape, Download Data, http://clear.uconn.edu/projects/landscape/download.asp
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 483
University of Connecticut Map and Geographic Information Center (MAGIC), Connecticut GIS Data, http://magic.lib.uconn.edu/connecticut_data.html U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Flood Risk Management Program, http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/Missions/FloodRiskManagement/FloodRiskManagementProgram.aspx U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, National Levee Database, http://nld.usace.army.mil U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov/ USGS Earthquakes Hazards Program, Connecticut Earthquake Information, http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/states/?region=Connecticut USGS Geologic Hazards Science Center, https://geohazards.usgs.gov/ and "2009 Earthquake Probability Mapping", https://geohazards.usgs.gov/eqprob/2009/index.php USGS, New England Water Science Center – Connecticut Office, http://ct.water.usgs.gov/ Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, River Management Program, Municipal Guide to Fluvial Erosion Hazard Mitigation, www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/waterq/rivers/docs/rv_municipalguide.pdf Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
Municipal Websites
(For most municipalities, plans of conservation and development; zoning, inland wetlands and
floodplain regulations; annual budgets; and capital improvements programs can be found on municipal
websites.)
Andover, http://andoverct.org/ Avon, http://www.town.avon.ct.us/Public_Documents/index Bloomfield, http://www.bloomfieldct.org/Plugs/home.aspx Bolton, http://www.bolton.govoffice.com/ Canton, http://www.townofcantonct.org/ East Granby, http://www.eastgranbyct.org/ East Hartford, http://easthartfordct.gov/Public_Documents/index East Windsor, http://www.eastwindsor-ct.gov/Public_Documents/Home Ellington, http://www.ellington-ct.gov/Plugs/homepage.aspx Enfield, http://www.enfield-ct.gov/ Farmington, http://www.farmington-ct.org/ Glastonbury, http://www.glasct.org/index.aspx?page=1 Granby, http://www.granby-ct.gov/Public_Documents/index Hartford, http://www.hartford.gov/ Hebron, http://www.hebronct.com/ Manchester, http://www.townofmanchester.org/ Marlborough, http://www.marlboroughct.net/index.php
2014-2019 Capitol Region Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan Update - Page 484
Newington, http://www.newingtonct.gov/ Rocky Hill, http://www.rockyhillct.gov/ Simsbury, http://www.simsbury-ct.gov/ Somers, http://www.somersct.gov/ South Windsor, http://www.southwindsor.org/Pages/index Stafford, http://www.staffordct.org/ Suffield, http://www.suffieldtownhall.com/ Tolland, http://www.tolland.org/ Vernon, http://www.vernon-ct.gov/ West Hartford, http://www.west-hartford.com/ Wethersfield, http://wethersfieldct.com/ Windsor, http://www.townofwindsorct.com/ Windsor Locks, http://www.windsorlocksct.org/
Regional Planning Agency Websites
Capitol Region Council of Governments, http://www.crcog.org Central Connecticut Regional Planning Agency, http://www.ccrpa.org/ Windham Region Council of Governments, http://www.wincog.org/ Southeastern Connecticut Council of Governments, http://www.seccog.org/documents.html Lower Connecticut River Valley Council of Governments, http://www.rivercog.org/ Pioneer Valley Planning Commission, http://www.pvpc.org/ New England’s Sustainable Knowledge Corridor, http://www.sustainableknowledgecorridor.org/site/
